scholarly journals REGENERATION OF WINTER GARLIC PLANTS (ALLIUM SATIVUM L.) IN VITRO FROM BULBILS

2018 ◽  
pp. 20-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Polyakov ◽  
M. A. Azopkova ◽  
N. N. Lebedeva ◽  
I. V. Muraveva
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Productivity Loss ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Plant Genotype ◽  
Open Ground ◽  
Ground Conditions ◽  
Morphogenetic Potential ◽  
Modern Technologies

Garlic is exclusively vegetatively propagated plant which damaged by numerous virus, bacterial, fungus and other phytopathogens. Under propagation of damaged plants phytopathogens are transferred to progeny that leads to decrease in productivity, loss of quality, storability and frequently to degeneration of cultivars. In this regard improvement of landing material is obligate stage of the modern technologies of garlic production. Experimentally reasonable technology of the obtaining revitalized landing material of winter garlic based on in vitro cultivation of air bulbils on MS medium containing BA in concentration of 2 mg/l and NAA – 1 mg/l, which followed by formation of sprouts and then plants with bulbs is presented in the article. It is established that application of graduated sterilization of air bulbils isolated from not revealed inflorescences with diameter up to 25 mm for introduction in vitro culture allows to obtain plants free of internal infections. One of important factors influencing effectiveness of induction of morphogenesis is the plant genotype. Cultivar Emperor was characterized by high morphogenetic potential in vitro culture which significantly surpassed cultivar Gladiator at all stages of cultivation. The share of vital explants of Emperor cultivar consisted of 74,2%, and Gladiator cultivar – 56,3%. The morphogenesis of air bulbils in vitro conditions depends on their age. The share of vital micro bulbs with leaves formed under cultivation of air bulbils within 21 days isolated on 7th day after of exit of inflorescences from leaf sockets in depending on cultivar consisted of 65,0% and 76,4%. Cultivation of air bulbils of more old age is followed by their 100% growth with formation of leaves and microbulbs. Adaptation of such plants to ex vitro conditions is followed by obtaining monoclove bulbs cultivation of which in the open ground conditions leaded to formation of polyclove bulbs.Cultivation of plants in vitro on the medium containing sucrose in concentration of 10% gives the chance to keep viability material within 5-6 months.

scholarly journals Bulb and vegetative characteristics of garlic (Allium sativum L.) from in vitro culture through acclimatization and field production

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (43) ◽  
pp. 5792-5795 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Metwally E ◽  
E El Denary M ◽  
M K Omar A ◽  
Naidoo Y ◽  
H Dewir Y
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Field Production

scholarly journals Influence of salt stress on plants of poplar clone "INRA 353-38" and willow clone "Zhytomyrska-1" in in vitro culture

2020 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
Yu. Khoma ◽  
L. Khudolieieva ◽  
N. Kutsokon
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Hybrid Poplar ◽  
Salt Resistance ◽  
Soil Salinization ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Abiotic Factor

Soil salinization is an important abiotic factor negatively affecting plant growth, development and productivity. Fast-growing poplar and willow trees are important plants for bioenergy production demonstrating varying degrees of adaptation to different habitats. The study of salt resistance in different clones of poplars and willows will reveal genotypes that can be planted in saline soils for producing biomass for the bioenergy industry. Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate the effects of salt stress on poplar plants of clone 'INRA 353-38' (Populus tremula × P. tremuloides) and willow clone 'Zhytomyrska – 1' (Salix sp.) under in vitro culture. For this purpose the plants were cultivated on MS nutrient medium with the addition of sodium chloride in concentrations 25 mM, 50 mM and 100 mM. The control plants were grown on the sodium chloridefree medium. The plant status (with a 4-score scale), the intensity of their growth (by shoot length) and rooting capacity (by the number of roots) were assessed on the 10th and the 30th day of cultivation. The results obtained indicate a high level of sensitivity to sodium chloride of both studied clones under in vitro cultivation. But the willow 'Zhytomyrska – 1' had a higher sensitivity to salt stress comparing to hybrid polar 'ІNRA 353-38' since growth parameters of willow were significantly decreased even under the concentration of sodium chloride 50 mM, and in the case of short term influence (10 days) of the highest concentration of sodium chloride (100 mM) all willow plants terminated their growth and quickly died. The growth parameters of hybrid poplar were declined within a month, mainly under the highest concentration of sodium chloride, but even under such conditions some part of the shoots were able to survive.

scholarly journals Regeneration capacity of Cerasus fruticosa and Prunus domestica into the in vitro culture

2021 ◽  
Vol 209 (06) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
Marina Markova ◽  
Elena Somova
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Initiation Time ◽  
Multiplication Factor ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Prunus Domestica ◽  
Nutrient Media

Abstract. The aim of these studies was to introduce into the in vitro culture the steppe cherry (Cerasus fruticosa) variety Shchedraya and the domestic plum (Prunus domestica) variety Sineokaya for subsequent micropropagation. Methods. Optimal conditions for obtaining viable explants, such as sterilizing agent and initiation time, have been investigated. The suitability of various nutrient media for in vitro cultivation of these cultures has also been tested. As a result of the experiments, it was revealed that the most effective sterilizing agents were 38 % perhydrol (control) and 6% chlorhexidine: the yield of viable cherry explants was 63.8 % and 61.5 %, plums – 69.8 % and 66.6 %, respectively. The optimal time for the initiation of cherry explants in vitro was January, where the yield of viable explants averaged 53.9 %, in June – 49.1 %, and for plums the initiation time did not matter – the yield of explants was 55.8 % in winter and 53.1 % in summer. In vitro cultivation of cherries and plums on the Quoirin – Lepoivre nutrient medium provided a significantly high multiplication factor, which averaged 4.1 for cherries (2.7 in control) and 6.0 for plums (3.9 in control). On the same medium, the maximum multiplication factor was obtained, which was 6.2 for cherries and 8.2 for plums. Thus, the scientific novelty of these studies is that the optimal conditions (sterilizing agent, time, nutrient medium) have been selected for the regeneration of cherry and plum explants in vitro with their subsequent micropropagation.

scholarly journals Comparative suitability of two culture media to the in vitro growth of embryos of three coconut types

2007 ◽  
pp. 79-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tessie Nuñez
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
State University ◽  
Plant Genotype ◽  
Initial Culture ◽  
Semi Solid ◽  
Two Stages

Using a suitable medium for specific plant genotype greatly improves the efficiency of the in vitro culture method. The Visayas State University (VSU)-based National Coconut Research Center -Visayas (NCRC-V) evaluated the comparative suitability of the COGENT medium and VSU-modified Y3 (mY3) as in vitro culture media for coconut embryos using Albuera Dwarf (ALD), Baybay Tall (BAYT),and the VSU-developed Coconiño x Makapuno (VMAC1) hybrid. These two media differ in vitamin components, iron concentration and state during the first two stages of culture, namely germination and first subculture. Results showed that mY3 was more suitable for the in vitro germination and development of the coconut embryos than the COGENT medium. Significantly higher germination rates were observed in BAYT, ALD, and VMAC1 cultured in the semi-solid mY3 than those in the liquid COGENT medium from the first week until the fourth week of initial culture. Germination rates of 100%, 85.8% and 84.5% were obtained from CÑO x MAC, ALD, and BAYT, respectively. Furthermore, significantly higher percentages of germinating embryos with developing shoot and root were observed in the semi-solid mY3 than in the liquid COGENT. Likewise, better growth of plantlets in liquid mY3 was noted during the fourth and fifth months of culture. Among coconut types, VMAC1 had the highest germination rates in the two media and the best growth in mY3. BAYT had better growth in the COGENT medium while ALD had better shoot development in mY3.

scholarly journals The antioxidative properties of S-allyl cysteine not only influence somatic cells but also improve early embryo cleavage in pigs

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e2280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markéta Dvořáková ◽  
Ivona Heroutová ◽  
David Němeček ◽  
Kateřina Adámková ◽  
Tereza Krejčová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Sulfur Compound ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Cleavage Rate ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Embryo Cleavage

In vitro cultivation systems for oocytes and embryos are characterised by increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can be balanced by the addition of suitable antioxidants. S-allyl cysteine (SAC) is a sulfur compound naturally occurring in garlic (Allium sativum), which is responsible for its high antioxidant properties. In this study, we demonstrated the capacity of SAC (0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 mM) to reduce levels of ROS in maturing oocytes significantly after 24 (reduced by 90.33, 82.87 and 91.62%, respectively) and 48 h (reduced by 86.35, 94.42 and 99.05%, respectively) cultivation, without leading to a disturbance of the standard course of meiotic maturation. Oocytes matured in the presence of SAC furthermore maintained reduced levels of ROS even 22 h after parthenogenic activation (reduced by 66.33, 61.64 and 57.80%, respectively). In these oocytes we also demonstrated a growth of early embryo cleavage rate (increased by 33.34, 35.00 and 35.00%, respectively). SAC may be a valuable supplement to cultivation media.

scholarly journals Applying the nanobiotechnological methods for optimize the in vitro cultivation technology for cows oocytes

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 257-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. I. Kovtun ◽  
A. B. Zyuzyun ◽  
O. V. Shcherbak ◽  
P. A. Trotskiy
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
In Vitro Maturation ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
And Control ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Generative Cells

Aim. Investigated effect nanomaterial of highly dispersed ultra fine silica (UFS) by carbohydrate – sucrose (UFS/sucrose) on the effectiveness of meiotic maturation cows oocytes in vitro. Methods. The fresh and frozen – thawed cow oocyte-cumulus complex (OCC) was divided into four groups: three experimental in which the cultivation was carried out in a medium containing of 0, 1; 0, 01 and 0,001 % UFS/sucrose and control without adding nanomaterial. Results. It was concluded that the addition of UFS/sucrose in 0.001 % concentration is effective for elevation level of oocytes maturation and provides reception of 76,8% oocytes that induced the metaphase II of meiosis. Adding carbohydrate – sucrose (UFS/sucrose) in 0.001 % concentration to the culture medium frozen – thawed cow generative cells, make positive effect on in vitro fertilization and provide embryos quantity enhancement to 33.3 %. Conclusions. Addition of UFS/sucrose in 0.001 % concentration to the culture medium have increase effect and promote level in vitro maturation of cows oocytes rising to 76.8 %. Usage of UFS/sucrose in 0.001 % concentration as part of in vitro culture medium for cows oocyte-cumulus complex conduce rising quantity of cattle embryos to 33.3 % after in vitro fecundation frozen – thawed and maturation oocytes. Keywords: oocytes, in vitro culture, embryos, nanomaterial, ultra fine silica (UFS).

scholarly journals In vitro culture of sempre-vivas species (Comanthera): a review

Rodriguésia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andressa Priscila Piancó Santos Lima ◽  
Alone Lima Brito ◽  
José Raniere Ferreira de Santana
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
In Vitro Conservation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Natural Form

Abstract The term “sempre-viva” denotes plants whose structures retain their natural form and color after being cut and dried. For these reasons, they are commercially valuable for ornamental purposes. However, due to extractive overexploitation of their inflorescences, some of these species are considered endangered. The genus Comanthera includes the sempre-vivas species with greatest economic importance in Brazil. Previous studies have shown that tissue culture is a workable strategy for in vitro propagation and conservation of species of this genus. However, these studies are still incipient. Therefore, the objective of this review is to summarize the findings on the in vitro cultivation of species of the Comanthera genus, to serve as the basis for future research. The text is structured in two main topics: micropropagation and in vitro conservation.

scholarly journals Non-season production of raspberry of red berry products in conditions of heated winter greenhouses

2019 ◽  
pp. 58-66
Author(s):  
Svetlana V. Akimova ◽  
Alexandra N. Vikulina ◽  
Vasily I. Demenko ◽  
Vadim V. Kirkach ◽  
Olga N. Aladina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Timing ◽  
Clonal Micropropagation ◽  
Traditional Variety ◽  
The World ◽  
Open Ground ◽  
Ground Conditions ◽  
Fruit Growing ◽  
Phases Of Development ◽  
Phenological Phases

Relevance. Currently, in many countries of the world, the production of non-season raspberry berry products has become widespread. Recently, interest in this technology has arisen in Russia, which has great prospects for the development of industrial gardening. In our opinion, it is promising to develop elements of technology for the non-seasonal production of red raspberries, propagated by the method of clonal micropropagation with a traditional and remontant type of fruiting in the conditions of winter heated greenhouses.Material and methods. The experiments were carried out in the laboratory of clonal micropropagation of garden plants in the fruit growing laboratory of RGAU-MSHA named after K.A. Timiryazev. The objects of research were varieties of red raspberries with a traditional (variety Volnitsa) and remontant (varieties Orangevoe Chudo and Bryanskoe Divo) type of fruiting. The experimental plants were propagated by the method of clonal micropropagation and grown before distillation in open and protected ground; plants propagated by root offspring served as control. Experimental plants were planted in open ground for growing in mid-May, in mid-October they were transplanted into 10 liter containers and transferred to protected ground conditions. Then put in the refrigerator compartment with a temperature of + 1 ... + 5°C. For distillation, the raspberry repairing plants were exposed in the winter heated greenhouse on January 20, while the shoots of replacing the aboveground system were normalized: without normalization, 3 shoots per plant, complete pruning of the aboveground system. Raspberries with a traditional type of fruiting were exposed in a winter heated greenhouse in three periods on January 20, February 10, March 2. Accounting for the passage of the phenological phases of development and yield was made for 3 months every 5 days.Results. In the conditions of winter heated greenhouses, efficiency has been shown and elements of technology for non-season production of raspberry berries remontant and berries with a traditional type of fruiting, propagated in vitro and grown before open field distillation are developed. It was revealed that it is necessary to normalize the shoots before distillation of raspberry remontant, and the optimal timing for the start of distillation for raspberries with a traditional type of fruiting has been established.

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