scholarly journals Evaluation of tomato phenological stages passing on multilevel installations «Fitopiramida»

2021 ◽  
pp. 54-58
Author(s):  
A. S. Eroshevskaya
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Cherry Tomato ◽  
Growth Type ◽  
Phenological Stages ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Hydroponic Cultivation ◽  
Determinate Growth ◽  
Beginning Of Flowering ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Area Unit

Relevance. Multilevel pipe vegetation installations (MVTU) “Fitopiramida” are designed for hydroponic cultivation of different agricultural crops including tomatoes.Methods. To create F1 tomato hybrids for this technology the assessment of phenological stages passing of tomato lines on “Fitopiramida” MVTU was carried out. 19 breeding lines including 9 cherry tomato lines, 10 large-fruited tomato lines of indeterminate and determinate growth types were tested. These lines were used in various hybridization schemes to obtain F1 tomato heterotic hybrids for “Fitopiramida”.Results. According to the results of the conducted researches in conditions of low-volume technology “Fitopiramida” duration of periods “germination – beginning of flowering” ("G-BF") and “germination – beginning of ripening” ("G-BR") is significantly reduced. In cherry group lines “G-BR” period is shorter by 17.7 days at average, in large-fruited lines by 23-27.3 days at average depending on growth type. The difference in ripening time is more expressed in largefruited lines; border-grown Kb 183 line began ripening 35 days later. Shorter growing season makes it possible to carry out largest number of crop rotations per year to obtain maximum yield per area unit (in full year use greenhouses). Similar results were obtained in the tests of tomato varieties and F1 hybrids on “Fitopiramida” MWTU in 2019-2020 in terms of phenological stages passing acceleration and earlier fruiting of hydroponic grown tomatoes.

scholarly journals Analysis of grapevine phenology in the region of Sremski Karlovci

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirjana Ruml ◽  
Nada Korac ◽  
Dragoslav Ivanisevic ◽  
Mirjam Vujadinovic ◽  
Ana Vukovic
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Factors ◽  
White Wine ◽  
Phenological Stages ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Beginning Of Flowering ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Phenological Phases

A comprehensive analysis of phenological timing and growth intervals for eight red and thirteen white wine grape cultivars in the region of Sremski Karlovci was performed using a long-term (1986-2011) data set. Four phenological stages of grapevine were examined: beginning of budburst, beginning of flowering, beginning of veraison and harvest. The phenological stages studied exhibited a 30 to 51 day variation between the earliest and latest years for red cultivars and 29 to 49 day variation for white cultivars. The beginning of flowering exhibited the least, while harvest showed the highest inter-annual variation. The difference between red and white cultivars was the greatest for harvest - the mean harvest date averaged over all red cultivars was 24 September and over all white cultivars 14 September. The beginning of flowering to the beginning of veraison interval showed the smallest and budburst to harvest interval the greatest year-toyear variability. The beginning of budburst to harvest period for the cultivars examined averaged 165 days for red and 156 days for white cultivars, with the mean interval range of 58 days for red and 55 days for white cultivars. In addition, it was found that a variability of the onset and duration of phenological phases was greater between years for a single cultivar than among cultivars within individual years, meaning that climatic factors are more important than genetic characteristics of cultivars for phenological timing.

scholarly journals DUS characterization of some released varieties and advanced breeding lines of soybean (Glycine max L.) under Punjab agroclimatic conditions.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Dhaliwal ◽  
G. Khosla ◽  
T. P. Singh ◽  
B. S. Gill ◽  
P. Kaushik
Keyword(s):  
Flower Color ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Growth Type ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Oilseed Crops ◽  
Oil Crops ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Determinate Growth

Abstract Soybean is ranked as one of the major oil crops in the world. In India, the consumption of soybean oil, as well as other soy-based products, has been on the rise which has led to its occupying a cherished position in area and production amongst the different oilseed crops. Morphological characterization of genotypes helps create a database on the grounds of which these can be distinguished and the genetic diversity existing in them can be assessed. A total of 22 soybean lines were evaluated for DUS characterization, which comprised of 7 released varieties and 15 advanced breeding lines bred under Punjab agroclimatic conditions. Of the 19 characters observed only one character, viz, plant growth type, was monomorphic and showed no variation amongst any of the lines studied. All the entries exhibited semi-determinate growth type during both the years of observation. Nine characters were dimorphic while 9 characters showed polymorphic variation. The study revealed that flower color and hypocotyl pigmentation could be used as critical morphological characters for ascertaining varietal distinctiveness amongst genotypes. Of the 22 genotypes, few were utterly unique as they could be distinguished based on a single trait while the majority were very closely related. Cluster analysis revealed that the 22 genotypes could be grouped into four major clusters, whereby 13 genotypes were found to be unique based on at least one character and others could be distinguished based on a set of traits rather than a single trait.

Modeling the Effects of Crop Rotation and Tillage on Sugarbeet Yield and Soil Nitrate Using RZWQM2

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 461-474
Author(s):  
Mohammad J. Anar ◽  
Zhulu Lin ◽  
Liwang Ma ◽  
Amitava Chatterjee
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
List Type ◽  
Soil Nitrate ◽  
N Losses ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Tillage Operations

HighlightsFour crop growth modules in RZWQM2 were calibrated for four sugarbeet rotation sequences.Sugarbeet following wheat had a slightly higher yield (3% to 6.5%).Moldboard plow increased sugarbeet yield by 1% to 2%.The difference in N losses under different crop rotations and tillage operations was negligible.Abstract. Sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris) is considered to be one of the most viable alternatives to corn for biofuel production as it may be qualified as the feedstock for advanced biofuels (reducing greenhouse gas emission by 50%) under the Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA) of 2007. Because sugarbeet production is affected by crop rotation and tillage through optimal use of soil water and nutrients, simulation of these effects will help in making proper management decisions. In this study, the CSM-CERES-Beet, CSM-CERES-Maize, CROPSIM-Wheat, and CROPGRO-Soybean models included in the RZWQM2 were calibrated against experimental field data of crop yield, soil water, and soil nitrate from the North Dakota State University Carrington Research Extension Center from 2014 to 2016. The models performed reasonably well in simulating crop yield, soil water, and nitrate (rRMSE = 0.055 to 2.773, d = 0.541 to 0.997). Simulation results identified a non-significant effect of crop rotation on sugarbeet yield, although sugarbeets following wheat resulted in 3% to 6.5% higher yields compared to other crops. Net mineralization and N uptake rates were slightly higher when sugarbeets followed wheat compared to the other crops. Seasonal N and water mass balances also showed lower N and water stresses when sugarbeets followed wheat. The effects of tillage operations on sugarbeet yield were also non-significant. The difference in the N losses to runoff and drainage from the sugarbeet fields under different crop rotations and tillage operations was negligible. As sugarbeet production may be expanded into nontraditional planting areas in the Red River Valley due to potential demand for biofuel production, our findings will help to assess the associated environmental impacts and identify suitable crop rotations and management scenarios in the region. Keywords: Biofuel, Crop rotation, RZWQM2, Sugarbeet, Tillage.

Statistical methods to address spatial variation in pasture evaluation trials

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 49-53
Author(s):  
Bob Murison ◽  
John Ayres ◽  
Leah Lane ◽  
Derek Woodfield
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Spatial Effects ◽  
Field Site ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Expected Performance ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
The Difference

The primary breeding objective for white clover improvement in eastern Australia is more reliable persistence under summer moisture-stress while maintaining herbage production (especially winter growth). To identify elite germplasm, evaluation of candidate lines is done in situ, under field conditions for which the prospective cultivar is targeted. These conditions (e.g. moisture stress, nutrient infertility, grass competition) may impose spatial influences within the field site that as artefacts mask or alter the uniform expression of response to environment. A significant component of artefact variation which affects interpretation of the data is the spatial variation due to plot position. Failure to correct for this may give unreliable comparisons as some lines inadvertently (through randomisation) are allocated to favourable or unfavourable plots. Our methodology was developed at two sites (Glen Innes , Armidale in northern New South Wales, Australia) in an experiment which sought to identify superior lines among 20 candidate entries. Cultivars of reputed stability and spanning the expected performance range, are replicated at regular intervals through the field site. The difference amongst replicates within cultivar (that is a reduced G X E) is used to estimate spatial trends. Elite lines are identified from temporal profiles of plant performance related to the breeding objectives. We describe (i) design and analysis which allows estimation of the spatial effects, and (ii) the temporal profiling of plant performance. These statistical procedures are seminal in identifying superior breeding lines that subsequently proceed to cultivar development.

Quality and yield in St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) harvested in different phenological stages

2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Hevia ◽  
M. Berti ◽  
R. Wilckens
Keyword(s):  
Hypericum Perforatum ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Phenological Stages ◽  
St John’S Wort ◽  
St John's Wort ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Hypericum Perforatum L ◽  
Beginning Of Flowering

Two experiments were conducted in the province of Ñuble, Chile during the 1997/98 and 1998/99 seasons with the objective of evaluating the effect of harvesting date on the yield and quality of St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) in the second year of production. The apical 25 cm of the stem were harvested in the following stages: flower bud, beginning of flowering, full flower and petal drop. A randomized complete block design with four replications was used. The best yield (fresh, dry and threshing weight) and the highest hypericin content were obtained at the petal drop stage. Nevertheless, the results indicate that the best time to harvest St. John's wort is when 10 to 20% of the flowers are open and the rest are in the bud stage.

scholarly journals Influence of Nitrogen Application Rate and Meteorological Conditions on β-Glucan Content in Naked and Husked Oat Grain

2015 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 178-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Brunava ◽  
Laila Vilmane ◽  
Sanita Zute
Keyword(s):  
Grain Filling ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Naked Oat ◽  
Cereal Breeding ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer Rate ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Grain Filling Period ◽  
Nitrogen Treatments ◽  
Nitrogen Application Rate

Abstract The objective of this study was to determine the effect of applied nitrogen fertilizer rate on β-glucan content in oat (Avena sativa L.) grains. The study was carried out at the State Stende Cereal Breeding Institute from 2011 to 2014. Three nitrogen surface fertiliser treatments (80, 120 and 160 kg·ha-1) were applied on one husked oat (variety 'Lizete') and two naked oat genotypes (breeding lines 'S-156' and '33793'). The content of β-glucan in naked oat genotypes was significantly (p < 0.05) higher than in the husked genotype. The difference in β-glucan content between the naked breeding lines was not significant (p > 0.05). Significant (p < 0.05) differences in β-glucan content were observed between nitrogen treatments only for husked oat genotype 'Lizete'. Effect of growing season on β-glucan content was significant (p < 0.05) for both (naked and husked) oat genotypes. β-glucan content of naked oat breeding lines ('S-156' and '33793') was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in 2011 comparing with 2012 and 2013, due to differences in precipitation during the grain filling period.

scholarly journals Cultivo do Tomate Cereja sob Sistema Hidropônico: Influência do Turno de Rega

UNICIÊNCIAS ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Diogo Chamberlain Gonçalves ◽  
Carlos Henrique Dos Santos Fernandes ◽  
Débora Perdigão Tejo ◽  
Thaís Cristina Morais Vidal
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Cherry Tomato ◽  
Tomato Crop ◽  
Cultivation System ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Hydroponic Cultivation ◽  
Crop Cycle ◽  
Hydroponic Systems ◽  
Good Productivity ◽  
Cherry Tomatoes

O cultivo hidropônico em tomate cereja é uma técnica que vem cada vez mais se expandindo no país. São necessárias várias metodologias para que se obtenham bons resultados de produtividade. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi conhecer e debater através de revisão bibliográfica como o turno de rega pode ser utilizado como ferramenta para melhorias de sistemas hidropônicos, especificamente, para cultura do tomate cereja, relatando as vantagens e desvantagens que o sistema hidropônico pode agregar comparado ao sistema de cultivo convencional, além de abordar aspectos referentes à cultura do tomate cereja, como: exigências climáticas e comercialização. A solução nutritiva adotada em sistemas de hidroponia  considera os elementos que são necessários para o desenvolvimento da planta, vale ressaltar que o tomateiro é uma planta altamente exigente em nutrientes. O turno de rega pode ser empregado para redução de gastos com energia elétrica, menor utilização de nutrientes, bem como diminuir a quantidade de água utilizada para circulação no sistema. A hidroponia se apresenta como técnica de cultivo muito utilizada para diversas culturas, amenizando os problemas fitossanitários, melhorando o controle dos aspectos nutricionais, redução do ciclo da cultura e obtenção de olerícolas de alta qualidade com alto padrão comercial. A adequação do turno de rega, em tomate cereja, é economicamente viável e sustentável ao produtor, diminuindo gastos e otimizando a produção. Palavras-chave: Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme. Tomate. Hidroponia.AbstractThe hydroponic cultivation in cherry tomatoes is a technique that has been increasingly expanding in the country. Several methodologies are required to achieve good productivity results. The purpose of the present work was to know and debate through a bibliographical review how the irrigation shift can be used as a tool for improvements of hydroponic systems, specifically for cherry tomato crop, reporting the advantages and disadvantages that the hydroponic system can add compared to the conventional cultivation system, besides addressing aspects related to the cherry tomato crop as climatic requirements and commercialization. The nutrient solution, adopted in hydroponic systems considers the elements that are necessary for the plant development, it is worth mentioning that   tomato is a plant highly demanding in nutrients. The irrigation shift can be used to reduce expenses with electricity, less use of nutrients as well as decrease the amount of water used for circulation in the system. Hydroponics is presented  as a widely used cropping technique for many crops, mitigating phytosanitary problems, improving the control of nutritional aspects, reducing the crop cycle and obtaining high quality olericultural plants with high commercial standards. The suitability of the irrigation shift in cherry tomatoes is economically viable and sustainable to the producer, reducing expenses and optimizing production.Keywords: Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme. Tomato. Hydroponics

scholarly journals Aromatic Profile of Hydroponically and Conventionally Grown Tomatoes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 8012
Author(s):  
Melina Korčok ◽  
Nikola Vietorisová ◽  
Patrícia Martišová ◽  
Jana Štefániková ◽  
Anna Mravcová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Nose ◽  
Sensory Analysis ◽  
Sensory Panel ◽  
Food Authentication ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
Hydroponic Cultivation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Ripe Stage ◽  
Hydroponically Grown

Hydroponics is a more environmentally friendly and economical way of growing crops that allows crops to be grown all year round, regardless of soil and climate conditions. Hydroponic cultivation of various fruits, vegetables, flowers, etc., is well known and used today. Tomatoes also play an important role in hydroponic cultivation. Tomatoes grown in this way should have a more pronounced aroma and flavor, and the fact that they are harvested at the ripe stage should also be reflected in the fresh red color and appropriate organoleptic characteristics of the fruit. This study was concerned with the sensory analysis of hydroponically grown tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum) compared with conventionally grown tomatoes of the same species. Samples were evaluated by instrumental sensory analysis using an electronic nose as well as a sensory panel. In this study, the difference between hydroponically and conventionally grown tomatoes was demonstrated. These differences were also captured by the consumers (sensory panel). When analyzing the odor profile of the samples, we found that hydroponic tomatoes are characterized by the presence of chemical organic compounds, namely: 2-methylpropanol, 2,3-pentanedione, and (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol or 1-hexanol, which cause the fruity aroma of the fruit. These substances are very likely to characterize the differences between the tested samples. The electronic nose has shown to be a potentially suitable tool for detecting differences and identifying typical product markers, which may suggest its further use in food authentication detection. It is also interesting to find almost no correlation between the two methods studied.

scholarly journals PHENOLOGICAL STAGES AND FRUIT QUALITY PARAMETERS OF SOUR CHERRY GENOTYPES IN ROMANIAN CONDITIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 341-345
Author(s):  
Margareta Corneanu ◽  
Iulia Mineață ◽  
Elena Iurea ◽  
Iuliana-Elena Golache ◽  
Sorina Sîrbu
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Sour Cherry ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Phenological Stages ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Equatorial Diameter ◽  
Recorded Data ◽  
Beginning Of Flowering ◽  
High Level

The paper presents some aspects regarding the influence of environmental factors in 2020 on the development and fruiting of local and foreign sour cherry cultivars. Phenological stages, fruit quality traits and other chemical parameters were studied. The swelling of the buds started with March 07th (`Țarina`), while the beginning of flowering varied during 11 days, taking place between April 8-19th to April 26th. Fruit`s weight have varied between 3.34 g (`Erdi Ipari`) and 6.28 g (`Erdi Bibor`), but of the stone between 0.20 g (`Erdi Ipari`) and 0.32 g (`Erdi Bibor`). Regarding the equatorial diameter, it varied between 16.98 mm and 22.37 mm for the varieties `Erdi Ipari` and respectively `Erdi Bibor`. The fruit ripening took place between June 3rd and 20th. The values of the soluble dry solids recorded data ranging from 13.84% (`Erdi Korai`) to 17.10% (`Erdi Bibor`). The studied sour cherry cultivars showed variability, but some were remarked through the size of the fruit and the high level of soluble dry substances, or by the degree of adaptability to the soil and climate conditions in Northeastern Romania.

scholarly journals Yielding of two types of maize cultivars in relation to selected agrotechnical factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 416-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Jagła ◽  
Piotr Szulc ◽  
Katarzyna Ambroży-Deręgowska ◽  
Iwona Mejza ◽  
Joanna Kobus-Cisowska
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Stay Green ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Maize Cultivars ◽  
Clear Result ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Area Unit ◽  
Np Fertilizer

The study presents the results of field experiments, the aim of which was to assess the yield of maize cultivars with different genetic profiles depending on the method of soil preparation for sowing and the method of NP fertilizer application. The yield and water content in the grain were significantly dependent on changing weather conditions in the growing seasons. Sowing maize into the soil cultivated traditionally (autumn ploughing), stay-green type cultivars and row fertilization positively influenced maize yielding. The stay-green cultivar yielded at a higher level compared to the fast maturing cultivar, the difference being significant in the year characterized by unfavourable distribution (deficit) of precipitation in the growing season. The stay-green cultivar reacted favourably to the localized application of NP fertilizer, the clear result of which was the increase in grain yield. Direct maize sowing significantly reduced the number of production ears per surface area unit and the number of grains on the ear. Selection of the stay-green cultivar and row fertilization with NP fertilizer improved this condition.  

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