Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.), an underexploited oil seed crop: Current status, features and importance – A review

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khanin Pathak ◽  
Syed Wasifur Rahman ◽  
Sudhansu Bhagawati ◽  
Bhabesh Gogoi
Keyword(s):  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Sesame Seed ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Tropical Region ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Health Food ◽  
Sesame Seeds ◽  
Traditional Health ◽  
Biotechnological Approach ◽  
Sesame Seed Oil

Sesame is important oilseed crop of tropical and sub tropical region, renowned for its high oil content (up to 60% oil), hence sesame is known as the king of oil seeds. Sesame seed oil contains 83% - 90% unsaturated fatty acids, 20% proteins and various minor nutrients such as vitamins and minerals, large amount of characteristic lignans, such as sesamin, sesamol, sesamolin and tocopherols. Sesame seeds with high amounts of nutritional components are consumed as a traditional health food for its specific antihypertensive effect, anticarcinogenic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidative activity. Besides food, sesame also finds its uses in application areas such as pharmaceutics, industrial, and as biofuel. Sesame is used as active ingredients in antiseptics, bactericides, viricides, disinfectants, moth repellants, and anti-tubercular agents. In spite of being a good source of “healthy oil” in terms of presence of high amounts of PUFA and high antioxidant content, it is not grown on a large extent due to very poor yields. Therefore, serious efforts are necessary for selecting varieties of good quality and high adaptive potential to the diverse climatic situations. There should be effective strategies adapted to produce climate ready sesame variety using modern biotechnological approach.

Formation of Benzo(a)pyrene in Sesame Seeds During the Roasting Process for Production of Sesame Seed Oil

2015 ◽  
Vol 92 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 1725-1733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiwei Cheng ◽  
Guoqin Liu ◽  
Xuede Wang ◽  
Xinqi Liu ◽  
Bingge Liu
Keyword(s):  
Seed Oil ◽  
Sesame Seed ◽  
Sesame Seeds ◽  
Roasting Process ◽  
Sesame Seed Oil

scholarly journals Nanoemulsion of Sesame Seeds Oil: Preparation, Evaluation and Stability

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 3004-3008
Author(s):  
A.A. El-Refai ◽  
M.M. Rabie ◽  
Rania E. El-Gammal ◽  
W.A. Al-Saban
Keyword(s):  
Droplet Size ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Sesame Seed ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Sesame Oil ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
Sesame Seeds ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Sesame Seed Oil ◽  
The Stability

This work aims to study the effect of using nanoemulsion particles on the stability of sesame seed oil emulsion. During the roasting process of sesame seeds (Sohage-1), some physico-chemical properties of sesame seeds and its oil were determined. The moisture, protein and fiber contents were decreased whereas oil, ash and arbohydrates contents were increased. Sesame oil was extracted from roasted sesame seeds using mechanical pressing; some physico-chemical properties for extracted oil were determined. Results indicated that colour, acid value, free fatty acids (%), peroxide and hydrolysis values were increased, while saponification value was decreased in sesame oil. Also traditional and nanoemulsions form of sesame oil were prepared. Characterization of these emulsions particles was conducted using zeta potential and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The results also indicated that small droplet size of nanoemulsion particles being 26.28 nm in emulsion which prepared by using nano-technique as compared with those of 638.8 nm in traditional emulsion type and low polydispersity index (PDI) was nanoemulsion particles 0.266. This lead to more uniformity in droplet size thus could improve the stability of emulsion system. The TEM results of nanoemulsion particles of sesame oil showed that spherical droplets and nearly similarity in shape in nanoemulsion in compared with semi-spherical and varied particles size in traditional one. Creaming index, centrifugation test, conductivity and freeze-thaw cycles were used to evaluate all type of prepared emulsion stability. The nanoemulsion particles of sesame oil were found to be more stable than those of traditional one. These results indicated that the nanoemulsion process could increase the stability of prepared emulsion. Thus, using of nanoemulsion technique could be used as commercial way to enhance the stability of prepared emulsion.

scholarly journals Effect of Plant Extracts on the Yield of Soybean Crop Under Different Climatic Conditions

1970 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-76
Author(s):  
KN Ahmed ◽  
M Khatun ◽  
SHA Pramanik ◽  
A Nargis ◽  
NC Dey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Sesame Seed ◽  
Sesame Oil ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Neem Seed ◽  
Tobacco Leaf ◽  
Sesame Seed Oil ◽  
Neem Seed Oil

Soybean (Glycine max L., Variety PB-1) is an important oilseed crop though not extensively cultivated in Bangladesh. Five different plant extracts i.e., ‘Bara Bishkatali’ leaf extract, sesame seed oil, castor seed oil, a mixture of sesame oil and ‘neem’ seed oil and tobacco leaf extract were sprayed prior to pest infestation. The major insect pests encountered were the leaf roller (Sylepta derogata), pentatomid bug (Nezara viridula and Piezodorus hybneri), noctuid semilooper (Trichoplusia ni) and blue butterfly (Euchrysops cnejas). Among the applied treatments, tobacco leaf extract showed the best result followed by Bara Bishkatali leaf extract, sesame seed oil and a mixture of sesame oil and neem seed oil and castor oil. Some unidentified beneficial eurytomid, braconid, ichneumonid and encyrtid insect parasites and coccinellid predators played an important role in suppressing the pest population during the study period. The maximum yield was 36.7 maunds per acre in the BCSIR Laboratories Campus, Rajshahi but the yield was only 3 maunds per acre in the Oilseeds Cultivation Centre Patgram, Lalmonirhat. Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 41(1-2), 73-76, 2006

scholarly journals Genetic Potential and Possible Improvement of Sesamum indicum L.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muthulakshmi Chellamuthu ◽  
Selvi Subramanian ◽  
Manonmani Swaminathan
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Sesame Seed ◽  
Sesamum Indicum ◽  
Sesame Oil ◽  
Sesame Seeds ◽  
High Yielding Varieties ◽  
Sugar Levels ◽  
The Stability

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is one of the traditional oil seed crop widely cultivated in many countries. The top producers of sesame seeds are mainly Tanzania, Myanmar, India, China and Japan. Sesame oil contains high level of unsaturated fatty acids (80%) and low levels of saturated fatty acids (20%). The main fatty acids are palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic and trace amounts of linolenic fatty acids. Sesame seed contains 50–60% of high-quality oil rich in natural antioxidants such as sesamin, sesamolin, sesaminol and sesamol it enhances the stability and keeping quality of sesame oil. Sesame seeds have good sources of dietary fibre, fats, vitamins, minerals, proteins and rich in anti-oxidants. Polyunsaturated fatty acids in sesame will reduce the risk of high blood pressure, cardiac disorders and blood sugar levels. Sesame is believed to have been originated in India where maximum variability of genetic resources is available. High yielding varieties available to date have reached the yield plateau even with the advanced cultivation practices. The area under oilseed crops cultivation also reducing every year. Hence, there is an urgent need to increase the oil content and yield of Indian sesame varieties. Understanding the available germplasm and novel interventions to develop high yielding varieties warrant both molecular and phenotypic data which is meagre in case of sesame.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of the chemical composition of sesame flour for the production of special bakery products

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (97) ◽  
pp. 229-239
Author(s):  
L. M. Kononenko ◽  
◽  
Ya. V. Yevchuk ◽  
V.I. Voitovska ◽  
S. O. Tretiakova
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Sesame Seed ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Bakery Products ◽  
Sesame Seeds ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Seed Flour

On a global scale, work is constantly be carried out to create functional products, which have a wider spectrum of action, as well as a narrow focus on a specific organ, disease or category of the population. One of the possible ways to improve the nutritional structure of the population of our country is the use of non-traditional raw materials, food additives, and complex bakery improvers in the production of bakery products. These raw materials must contain a significant amount of easily digestible protein, vitamins, unsaturated fatty acids, minerals and nutrients. The purpose of the study was to study the feasibility of using non-traditional raw materials for baking - sesame seed flour, assessing its chemical composition, for further use in the baking industry in developing technology for bakery products with altered chemical composition and preventive properties. The definition of fats allowed to establish the following pattern: in black their content was 38.2 g, white 37.1 g, in dark and light brown — 35.4 and 36.4 g, gold — 36.8 g. Carbohydrate content varied from 26.87 g for black, up to 26.50 g for gold. In the studied samples, the water content did not vary significantly and was in the range of 0.7 and 0.8 g. Ash compounds ranged from 4.0 g to 4.5 g. It was found that the highest content of basic nutrients in the studied samples was the highest in black and white sesame seeds. The content of vitamins B2 and B5, depending on the color in sesame had the following indicators: black — 0.298 and 3.090 mg, white — 0.285 and 2.925, dark and light brown — 0.267 and 2.725 and 0.245 and 2.565 mg, and gold — 0.275 and 2, 815 mg. The results of research in the determination of Cu in sesame flour indicate that its content was as follows: black — 1611 mcg, w

scholarly journals Hepatorenal Protective Effects of Sesame Seeds Oil, Flaxseed Oil and their Mixture against Methotrexate Toxicity in Rats

2022 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-62
Author(s):  
HagaR Farid Elbakry ◽  
◽  
Hoda Abdel Rahman Abdel Salam ◽  
Sherein Saeid Abdelgayed ◽  
Doha A. Mohamed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Sesame Seed ◽  
Flaxseed Oil ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Sesame Seeds ◽  
Sesame Seed Oil ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Kidney Functions

Background: Methotrexate (MTX) is an anti-metabolite drug used in the treatment of many cancers and autoimmune diseases. Methods: This study investigated the protective effect of flaxseed oil, sesame seed oil, and their mixture on the MTX-induced hepatorenal toxicity. Thirty rats divided into five groups of: normal control, MTX control, and flaxseed oil, sesame seed oil, and the mixture groups. The oils were administered to rats orally (2 ml/kg) for nine consecutive days followed by a methotrexate injection intraperitoneally (20 mg/kg) on the 9th day. Blood samples, liver and kidney tissues were collected from all rats for biochemical studies and histopathological assessments. The total phenolic content and fatty acid profiles of the oils were also determined. Results: Methotrexate induced hepatorenal toxicity as evident by the histopathological assessments of liver and kidneys, elevation of liver and kidney functions’ biomarkers, and increased plasma and liver oxidative stress associated with a rise in the tumor necrosis factor-alpha, as an inflammatory marker. Administration of flaxseed oil, sesame seed oil or the mixture prevented the MTX-toxicity at varying degrees as shown by reduced oxidative stress and inflammatory response, and improved liver and kidney functions. The mixture was the most efficient treatment associated with the histopathological improvements in the liver and kidney tissue samples, and all biochemical parameters tested. Conclusion: Flaxseed oil, sesame seeds oil and the mixture may be used therapeutically to prevent hepatorenal toxicity induced by MTX. The effect is likely due to the presence of phenolic compounds and polyunsaturated fatty acids in the oils with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

scholarly journals Bioactive β-Carbolines Harman and Norharman in Sesame Seed Oils in China

Molecules ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 402
Author(s):  
Wei Liu ◽  
Zhaoyu Yang ◽  
Lili Shi ◽  
Yun Li
Keyword(s):  
Edible Oils ◽  
Sesame Seed ◽  
Sesame Oil ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Seed Oils ◽  
Sesame Seeds ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Roasting Process ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Sesame Seed Oil

The β-carbolines in our diet, mainly including harman and norharman, are a group of biologically active, naturally occurring plant-derived alkaloids. Fragrant sesame seed oil is one of the most popular flavor edible oils in China. Considering that sesame seeds are roasted at 200–240 °C during the processing of flavor sesame seed oils, it is meaningful to investigate the levels of β-carboline compounds in various sesame seed oils. In this work, the levels of β-carbolines (harman and norharman) in different types of sesame seed oils in China (e.g., pressed fragrant sesame oil, ground fragrant sesame oil) have been determined systematically. The results showed that the levels of total β-carbolines in pressed fragrant sesame oils (700.5~2423.2 μg/kg) were higher than that in ground fragrant sesame oils (660.4~1171.7 μg/kg). Roasting sesame seeds at high temperatures (200–240 °C) led to higher levels of β-carbolines (660~2400 μg/kg) in fragrant sesame seed oils. In addition, the loss of tryptophan might be attributed to the formation of β-carbolines in sesame seeds during the roasting process. In general, fragrant sesame seed oils (pressed fragrant sesame oils, ground fragrant sesame oils) contain higher levels of β-carbolines due to the formation of harman and norharman during the roasting sesame seed process.

EFFECTS OF ADRENALECTOMY ON REPRODUCTION IN THE MOUSE

1980 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-164
Author(s):  
BARBARA M. WHITE ◽  
A. A. GIDLEY-BAIRD ◽  
C. W. EMMENS
Keyword(s):  
Single Injection ◽  
Sesame Seed ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Prednisolone Acetate ◽  
Methyl Prednisolone ◽  
Ovariectomized Mice ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sesame Seed Oil ◽  
Pregnant Mice ◽  
Desoxycorticosterone Acetate

Survival of mice treated with sesame seed oil after adrenalectomy was very low and suggested no beneficial effect, whereas treatment with progesterone improved the chances of survival. Treatment with desoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) and methyl prednisolone acetate also increased the number of animals surviving after adrenalectomy. The corticosteroids were significantly more effective in ensuring survival than was progesterone. There was no significant difference in survival between mice receiving a single injection of 10 mg DOCA and those being given an injection of 1·0 mg DOCA per day for 3 days after the operation. To ensure minimum interference of exogenous corticosteroid with the experimental investigation, animals routinely received only a single injection of 1·0 mg DOCA after the operation. The chance of survival after adrenalectomy was higher in pregnant than in non-pregnant mice. There was a significant linear increase in survival during the first 5 days of pregnancy. Progesterone and prolactin both appeared to be involved in increasing the chance of survival in adrenalectomized pregnant mice. Adrenalectomy had no effect on the number of mice mating and ovulating. Adrenalectomized mice were apparently having normal cycles and 4 weeks after adrenalectomy they were able to mate and ovulate. Compensatory ovulation was seen in hemi-ovariectomized mice and was not abolished by adrenalectomy. Implantation was also unaffected by the operation.

scholarly journals Sensory and Physicochemical Qualities of Palm Olein and Sesame Seed Oil Blends during Frying of Banana Chips

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M. Abdulkarim ◽  
M.W. Myat ◽  
H.M Ghazali ◽  
K. Roselina ◽  
K.A Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Palm Olein ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Sesame Seed ◽  
Oil Blends ◽  
Sesame Seed Oil
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