​Impact of Extreme Hot Environmental Temperature Period on Marker Enzymes of Carbohydrate Metabolism in Non-descript Sheep from Arid Tracts of Rajasthan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anandita Srivastava ◽  
Nalini Kataria
Keyword(s):  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Marker Enzymes ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Enzymes Of Carbohydrate Metabolism

Background: The present investigation was envisaged to find out the impact of extreme hot environmental temperature period (ETP) on marker enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism in male and female non-descript sheep of various age groups i.e. 4 to 13 months from arid tracts of Rajasthan. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH) and malate dehydrogenase (MDH) marker enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism were considered for study. Methods: During the period October 2016-June 2017 blood samples were collected to harvest sera for spectrophotometric method from 240 healthy animals selected from private slaughter house during moderate and extreme hot environmental temperature periods (ETPs). The mean values of markers attained during moderate ETP were reckoned as the control. It was 10.00 ± 0.10 UL-1 and 42.00±1.00 respectively. Conclusion: The mean value of MDH was significantly (p≤0.05) higher while G-6-PDH significantly (p≤0.05) lowers during extreme hot temperature in comparison to moderate period. Therefore, it could be concluded that variations in enzyme markers were associated with changes in environmental temperatures. Probably ETP were able to produce a profound effect on carbohydrate metabolism in sheep. Therfore it can be suggested that during the period of extreme temperature balanced ration must be provided to the animal along with proper management to decrease the severity of temperature impact.

scholarly journals Assessment of the TMJ Dysfunction Using the Computerized Facebow Analysis of Selected Parameters

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Kijak ◽  
Danuta Lietz-Kijak ◽  
Bogumiła Frączak ◽  
Zbigniew Śliwiński ◽  
Jerzy Margielewicz
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Mouth Opening ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Function Test ◽  
The Mean

The Purpose of the Paper.Qualitative and quantitative analysis of selected parameters of mandible movements, electronically registered in patients with temporomandibular joint dysfunction and healthy ones.Material. Function test of the mandible movements was conducted in 175 patients. Gender distribution was 143 women and 32 men, aged 9 to 84.Methods. The studied population, after accurate clinical examination, was divided into age groups with the range of five years. All the patients had Zebris JMA computerized facebow examination done, according to the generally accepted principles and procedures.Results.Mean values of mouth opening calculated to 45.6 mm in healthy group and 37.6 mm in TMJ dysfunction group. Mean length of condylar path amounted to39±7% of the maximum value of mouth opening in the group of healthy people,44±11% in the case of muscle-based disorders, and35±11% with joint-based. The mean value of the condylar path inclination oscillated in the range of 25° to 45°.Conclusions. The ratio of length of the condylar path to the size of mouth opening may be a significant value characterising the type and degree of intensification of the TMJ dysfunctions.

The impact of low-flow season on source drinking water quality, Rosetta branch, Egypt

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Ghodeif ◽  
R. Wahaab ◽  
S. Sorour
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Drinking Water Source ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

The present work was conducted to document the problems raised regarding low-flow in the Rosetta branch, Egypt and to develop management options to protect drinking water sources. The water quality was monitored during low-flow periods at four drinking water intakes. Results showed an increase in electric conductivity (EC), ammonium (NH4), nitrite (NO2), phosphate (PO4), and total organic carbon (TOC) during the low-flow period. EC ranges from 454 to 1,062 μS/cm and the mean value is 744. Ammonium ranges from 0.38 to 18.5 mg/L and the mean value is 5.45. NO2, PO4, and TOC have mean values of 0.73, 1.85, and 6.71 mg/L, respectively. Statistical evaluation revealed the association of NH4, EC, and PO4 that are good indicators for the load of wastewater. High ammonium often refers to a bad situation regarding oxygen while high nitrite indicates the first oxidation for wastewater through microbiological processes. The low-flow action has a serious impact on drinking water source. A high content of ammonium has delayed coagulation, enhanced algae growth, and prevented the breakpoint being reached during chlorination processes. Potential management options to deal with water scarcity and low-flow, meanwhile reducing the contaminant load in the source drinking water were proposed.

scholarly journals The impact of motor status on the quality children's life

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 101-108
Author(s):  
Mimoza Moza Shkodra ◽  
Arben Bislimi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
T Test ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Basic Purpose ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

The basic purpose of this paper is to distinguish between the motor characteristics of students (male-female) and 12-year-old age groups of SHFMU "Selami Hallaci" in Gjilan.The sample of this research includes a total of 100 (50 female and 50 male) students who undergo regular physical education and sports two hours a week.6 basic motor variables were applied in the research, and based on it, significant differences were obtained.To confirm the differences between students in the basic motor variables, the T-test method was used. Based on the results obtained through this method, valid changes were realized in some of the basic motor variables of. Significant values were obtained in estimating the correlation in some of the motor variables.All these important differences between the mean values in favor of men confirm and confirm that students (men) are more active and agile than the girls tested.

Mechanical Damage to Corn Seeds

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Shahbazi ◽  
R. Shahbazi
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Impact Damage ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Physical Damage ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Energy Impact ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The objective of this research was to evaluate and model the mechanical damage to corn seeds under impact loading. The experiments were conducted at moisture contents of 7.60 to 25% (wet basis) and at the impact energies of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 J, using an impact damage assessment device. The results showed that impact energy, moisture content, and the interaction effects of these two variables significantly influenced the percentage of physical damage in corn seeds (p<0.01). Increasing the impact of the energy from 0.1 to 0.3 J caused a significant increase in the mean values of damage from 23.73 to 83.49%. The mean values of physical damage decreased significantly by a factor of 1.92 (from 83.75 to 43.56%), with an increase in the moisture content from 7.6 to 20%. However, by a higher increase in the moisture from 20 to 25%, the mean value of damage showed a non-significant increasing trend. There was an optimum moisture level of about 17 to 20%, at which seed damage was minimized. An empirical model composed of seed moisture content and energy impact was developed for accurately describing the percentage of physical damage to corn seeds. It was found that the model has provided satisfactory results over the whole set of values for the dependent variable.

Seasonal trends in the stable isotopic composition of snow and meltwater runoff in a subarctic catchment at Okstindan, Norway

2004 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.D. Gurney ◽  
D.S.L. Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Isotopic Composition ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Stable Isotopic Composition ◽  
Meltwater Runoff ◽  
Stable Isotopic ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Δ18o And Δd

Seasonal variations in the stable isotopic composition of snow and meltwater were investigated in a sub-arctic, mountainous, but non-glacial, catchment at Okstindan in northern Norway based on analyses of δ18O and δD. Samples were collected during four field periods (August 1998; April 1999; June 1999 and August 1999) at three sites lying on an altitudinal transect (740–970 m a.s.l.). Snowpack data display an increase in the mean values of δ18O (increasing from a mean value of −13.51 to −11.49‰ between April and August), as well as a decrease in variability through the melt period. Comparison with a regional meteoric water line indicates that the slope of the δ18O–δD line for the snowpacks decreases over the same period, dropping from 7.49 to approximately 6.2.This change points to the role of evaporation in snowpack ablation and is confirmed by the vertical profile of deuterium excess. Snowpack seepage data, although limited, also suggest reduced values of δD, as might be associated with local evaporation during meltwater generation. In general, meltwaters were depleted in δ18O relative to the source snowpack at the peak of the melt (June), but later in the year (August) the difference between the two was not statistically significant. The diurnal pattern of isotopic composition indicates that the most depleted meltwaters coincide with the peak in temperature and, hence, meltwater production.

scholarly journals Biases in CloudSat Falling Snow Estimates Resulting from Daylight-Only Operations

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2041
Author(s):  
Lisa Milani ◽  
Norman B. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Water Cycle ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Satellite Missions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Global Mean

Falling snow is a key component of the Earth’s water cycle, and space-based observations provide the best current capability to evaluate it globally. The Cloud Profiling Radar (CPR) on board CloudSat is sensitive to snowfall, and other satellite missions and climatological models have used snowfall properties measured by it for evaluating and comparing against their snowfall products. Since a battery anomaly in 2011, the CPR has operated in a Daylight-Only Operations (DO-Op) mode, in which it makes measurements primarily during only the daylit portion of its orbit. This work provides estimates of biases inherent in global snowfall amounts derived from CPR measurements due to this shift to DO-Op mode. We use CloudSat’s snowfall measurements during its Full Operations (Full-Op) period prior to the battery anomaly to evaluate the impact of the DO-Op mode sampling. For multi-year global mean values, the snowfall fraction during DO-Op changes by −10.16% and the mean snowfall rate changes by −8.21% compared with Full-Op. These changes are driven by the changes in sampling in DO-Op and are very little influenced by changes in meteorology between the Full-Op and DO-Op periods. The results highlight the need to sample consistently with the CloudSat observations or to adjust snowfall estimates derived from CloudSat when using DO-Op data to evaluate other precipitation products.

A new simpler approach to measure the strength of toe plantar flexion requiring no mechanical restraint with a light-weight device

2021 ◽  
pp. 095441192110029
Author(s):  
Yuko Komuro ◽  
Yuji Ohta
Keyword(s):  
Plantar Flexion ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Simple Approach ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Mechanical Restraint ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ankle Joints ◽  
The Mean

Conventionally, the strength of toe plantar flexion (STPF) is measured in a seated position, in which not only the target toe joints but also the knee and particularly ankle joints, are usually restrained. We have developed an approach for the measurement of STPF which does not involve restraint and considers the interactions of adjacent joints of the lower extremities. This study aimed to evaluate this new approach and comparing with the seated approach. A thin, light-weight, rigid plate was attached to the sole of the foot in order to immobilize the toe area. Participants were 13 healthy young women (mean age: 24 ± 4 years). For measurement of STPF with the new approach, participants were instructed to stand, raise the device-wearing leg slightly, plantar flex the ankle, and push the sensor sheet with the toes to exert STPF. The sensor sheet of the F-scan II system was inserted between the foot sole and the plate. For measurement with the seated approach, participants were instructed to sit and push the sensor with the toes. They were required to maintain the hip, knee, and ankle joints at 90°. The mean values of maximum STPF of the 13 participants obtained with each approach were compared. There was no significant difference in mean value of maximum STPF when the two approaches were compared (new: 59 ± 23 N, seated: 47 ± 33 N). The coefficient of variation of maximum STPF was smaller for data obtained with the new approach (new: 39%, seated: 70%). Our simple approach enables measurement of STPF without the need for the restraints that are required for the conventional seated approach. These results suggest that the new approach is a valid method for measurement of STPF.

scholarly journals AB0101 THE IMPACT OF TIME SPAN TO ACHIEVE BOOLEAN REMISSION FOR MAINTAINING DISEASE ACTIVITY AFTER ACQUISITION IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS PATIENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1079.1-1079
Author(s):  
I. Yoshii
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Remission Rate ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Time Span ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Background:Boolean remission criteria is one most popular and stringent criteria in treating patient with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), because it may guarantees a stable clinical course after attaining remission.Objectives:Impact of time span from initiation to achieving Boolean remission on maintaining disease activity, daily activities, and quality of life after attaining Boolean remission was investigated from daily clinical practice data.Methods:685 patients with RA since August 2010 under the T2T strategy were treated. They were monitored for their TJC, SJC, PGA, EGA, CRP, and disease activity indices such as CDAI, SDAI, DAS28, and Boolean criteria at every visit. HAQ-DI score, pain score using visual analog scale (PS-VAS), and EQ-5D were also monitored, and the quality of life score (QOLS) calculated from EQ-5D was determined at every visit from the time of diagnosis (baseline).Of 685 patients, 465 patients had achieved Boolean remission >1 times, and were consecutively followed up for >3 years. These patients were enrolled in the study. Time span from the first visit to first Boolean remission was calculated. The relationship between the time span and each of background parameters, and the relationship between the time span and each of the mean values of the SDAI score, HAQ score, PS-VAS, SHS, and QOLS at the first Boolean remission and thereafter was evaluated statistically.Patients were subsequently divided into the G ≤ 6 and G > 6 groups based on the achievement of first Boolean remission within two groups: time span G ≤ 6 months and G > 6 months. The two groups were compared with regard to the SDAI score, HAQ score, PS-VAS, SHS, and QOLS at first visit and at the time of first Boolean remission, and the mean values of these parameters after remission were evaluated statistically. Moreover, changes of these parameters and the mean Boolean remission rate after the first remission, and SDAI remission rate at the first Boolean remission to thereafter were compared between the two groups statistically.Results:Out of 465 patients, females comprised 343 (73.7%), and the mean age was 67.8 years (range, from 21–95 years). The mean disease duration at first visit was 6.1 years (range, from 1 months–45 years). The mean follow up length was 88.1 months (range: 36–122 months; median: 85 months) and mean time span from the first visit to the first Boolean remission was 8.1 months. The mean SDAI score, HAQ score, PS-VAS, and the QOLS at first visit were 13.3, 0.467, 33.2, and 0.834, respectively. Among the study parameters, PS-VAS and QOLS were significantly correlated with the time span. For parameters at the first Boolean remission, HAQ-DI score, PS-VAS, and QOLS demonstrated significant correlation with the time span, whereas SDAI, HAQ-DI score, PS-VAS, SHS, and QOLS after the Boolean remission demonstrated significant correlation with the time span.The comparison between the G ≤ 6 and the G > 6 groups revealed that the disease duration, HAQ score, and PS-VAS at baseline in the G > 6 were significantly higher than that in the G ≤ 6 group, and QOLS in the G ≤ 6 group was significantly higher than that in the G > 6 group at baseline. Similarly, the HAQ score and PS-VAS at the first Boolean remission in the G > 6 group were significantly higher than that in the G ≤ 6 group, whereas QOLS in the G ≤ 6 group demonstrated no significant difference compared with that in the G > 6 group.The mean value of the SDAI score after the first Boolean remission in the G > 6 group was significantly higher than that in the G ≤ 6 group. Similarly, the SDAI score, HAQ score, and PS-VAS after the first Boolean remission in the G > 6 group were also significantly higher than those in the G ≤ 6 group, and the mean value of the QOLS in the G ≤ 6 group were significantly higher than that in the G > 6 group. The Boolean remission rate and SDAI remission rate after the first Boolean remission were significantly higher in the G ≤ 6 group than those in the G > 6 group.Conclusion:Attaining Boolean remission ≤ 6 months for RA has significant benefit for more stable disease control, that leads good maintenance of ADL.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

Comparison of Emission Levels of Motor Cars, Motorcycles, and Tricycles Using Petrol Engines in Southwestern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 900 ◽  
pp. 183-187
Author(s):  
Odunlami Olayemi Abosede ◽  
Akeredolu Funso Alaba
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Mobile Sources ◽  
Southwest Nigeria ◽  
The Mean ◽  
European Standards

The emissions of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and hydrocarbon from four stroke-powered motorcars and two stroke-powered motorcycles and tricycles in Southwest Nigeria were examined using an automotive 4-gas analyer. Results show that tricycles produced more hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions than motorcycles, while motorcycles emitted more of these pollutants than the gasoline fueled motor cars. (The gasoline fueled motorcars produced lowest hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide while the tricycles produced the highest hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions). On the contrary, motor cars had the highest mean value of carbon dioxide followed by the motorcycles, while tricycles had the least. This could be attributed to the presence of the catalytic converters in some of the motor cars oxidizing carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide. The mean values of hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide emissions from motorcars are 630ppm, 10200ppm and 59900ppm. This is much higher than the NESREA (National Environmental standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency) standards as well as Euro II and Euro III (European standards) for vehicular emission. The mean values for hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide emissions from motorcycles and tricycles are (2150ppm, 21530ppm and 31200ppm) and (2820ppm, 24880ppm and 38710ppm) respectively. These results do not comply with Nigeria and European emission standards for hydrocarbon, and carbon monoxide. Tricycles and motorcycles account for higher concentrations of hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide pollutants from mobile sources, while they emit carbon dioxide minimally.

scholarly journals Lateral Antebrachial Cutaneous Nerve as a Donor Source for Digital Nerve Grafting: A Concept Revisited

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1041-1048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Bekir Unal ◽  
Kemal Gokkus ◽  
Evrim Sirin ◽  
Eren Cansü
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Cutaneous Nerve ◽  
Digital Nerve ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Nerve Grafts ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Mean Time

Objective: The main objective of this study is to evaluate the availability of lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve (LACN) autograft for acute or delayed repair of segmented digital nerve injuries. Patients and Methods: 13 digital nerve defects of 11 patients; treated with interposition of LACN graft that harvested from ipsilateral extremity were included in the study. Mean follow up period was 35, 7 months. The mean time from injury to grafting is 53, 3 days. The results of the mean 2PDT and SWMT values of injured /uninjured finger at the end of follow up period were evaluated with Paired T test. The correlation between the defect length and the difference of 2PDT, SWMT values between the uninjured and injured finger at the end of follow up period; were evaluated with Pearson - correlation analysis. Results: The mean value of our 2PDT and SWMT results are ~5,923, ~3, 52, respectively in which can be interpreted between the normal and diminished light touch. The defect length and difference percentage of SWMT values is positively and significantly correlated statistically. Mean length of interposed nerve grafts was 18.5 mm. The age of the patient and the mean values of 2PDT and SWMT with the difference % of 2PDT and % of SWMT are not statistically correlated. Conclusion: Based on results regarding sensory regaining at recipient side and negligible sensory deficit at harvesting side, we suggest that lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve might be a valuable graft option for digital nerve defects.

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