scholarly journals Chemical Profiling and Constituent Diversity in Nutmeg Genotypes (Myristica fragrans Houtt.)

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.C. Vikram ◽  
N. Mini Raj ◽  
Deepu Mathew ◽  
S.C. Priyanka ◽  
V.S. Sujatha
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Chemical Profiling ◽  
The Core ◽  
Pharmaceutical Application ◽  
Commercial Cultivation ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Industrial Use ◽  
Myristica Fragrans Houtt ◽  
One Year ◽  
Range Of Variation

Background: Nutmeg is a perennial tree spices which is yielding twin spices; present days research thrust is to identify high yielding mother trees. But yield and quality both are equally important due to its wide spread medicinal as well as industrial usage. Methods: The core collection of nutmeg genotypes form different locations of Kerala evaluated for biochemical composition. Seventeen morphologically distinct types of nutmeg were analysed through GC/MS method. The change in volatiles after storage (at 4°C) was also assessed after one year. Result: The range of variation was observed for kernel oil, mace oil, kernel oleoresin, mace oleoresin and fixed oil of kernel. Myristicin, elemecin and sabinene were principal volatile compounds. The identification of distinct nutmeg chemotypes for specific volatile compounds which could be used in commercial cultivation/pharmaceutical application/industrial use. Present study highlights the high and low hallucinogen (myristicine, elemicine and safrole) genotypes along with high sabinene types.

The Changing State of the South African Nation

2014 ◽  
pp. 1400-1418
Author(s):  
Irina Turner
Keyword(s):  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
South African ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Wide Spread ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Reception ◽  
Countries In Transition ◽  
One Year

The colonization of discourses (Chilton & Schäffner, 2002) is a wide-spread phenomenon of globalization and naturally affects politics. The power of business-speak over politics and the media seems to be steadily increasing. Most vulnerable to that development, which the author calls businification, seem to be countries in transition that have to assert themselves rhetorically on a global scale while keeping traditional voters content at home. In an application of critical discourse analysis, the chapter seeks to trace this businification by comparing three presidential state-of-the-nation-addresses (SoNA) of three South African presidents after one year in office (1995, 2000, and 2010). Through contextualizing these texts with their media reception from a corpus of 15 newspaper articles reporting on the speeches, the outer influences on the core text become transparent. The findings suggest a parallelism between a growing professionalism in politics and the businification of political rhetoric whose development cannot be viewed as exclusively negative.

scholarly journals Nutrition Quality Parameters of Almonds as Affected by Deficit Irrigation Strategies

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (14) ◽  
pp. 2646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lipan ◽  
Moriana ◽  
Lluch ◽  
Cano-Lamadrid ◽  
Sendra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Nutrition Quality ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Volatiles Compounds

The influence of full irrigation, double-regulated (RDI) and sustained deficit irrigation (SDI) treatments on almond quality was assessed by analyzing different parameters: sugars, organic acids, antioxidant activity, total phenolic content (TPC), and volatile compounds. Almond quality studies for plants submitted to water stress are scarce, and it is essential to understand the biochemical responses of plants to water stress in maintaining fruit yield and quality. Citric acid, sucrose, antioxidant activity, and TPC were not affected by the application of studied deficit irrigation strategies (DI). An increase in malic acid and a decrease in glucose was observed for stressed samples (T3 and T4), while a higher number of total volatiles compounds was found for moderate RDI (T2). Using deficit irrigation strategies, the almond yield and quality was not changed, and in fact, some parameters, such as glucose and key volatile compounds, slightly increased under moderate RDI. This finding might encourage farmers to implement these strategies and contribute to sustainable agriculture.

scholarly journals The orchid bee fauna (Hymenoptera, Apidae) of a core area of the Cerrado, Brazil: the role of riparian forests as corridors for forest-associated bees

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 87-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Roberto Ribeiro Faria ◽  
Fernando Amaral da Silveira
Keyword(s):  
Aromatic Compounds ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Riparian Forests ◽  
Orchid Bee ◽  
The Core ◽  
Minas Gerais State ◽  
Fauna Composition ◽  
Species Richness And Abundance ◽  
One Year

The composition of local orchid-bee faunas (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Euglossina) in open-vegetation domains is poorly known, making the ecology and biogeography of the group difficult to understand. The aim of this work was to answer the following questions: i) Is the orchid-bee fauna composition, species richness and abundance in the cerrado (Brazilian savanna) sensu stricto similar to that of riparian forests immersed in that domain? ii) Do species from neighboring forest domains use riparian forests as mesic corridors into the Cerrado? Two sites in cerrado s.s. and two in riparian forests were sampled monthly, one day per month, during one year (Nov/2003-Oct/2004) in northwestern Minas Gerais state, Brazil. Six aromatic compounds (β-ionone, 1,8-cineole, eugenol, methyl trans-cinnamate, methyl salicilate and vanillin) were exposed from 8:00 AM to 4:00 PM to attract orchid bees. The results suggest that: i) The composition of the orchid bee fauna in the two kinds of environments is the same; ii) Riparian forests apparently have no role as mesic corridors for penetration of forest-dependent euglossine species into the core of the Cerrado Domain.

scholarly journals NITROGEN LEACHING LOSSES FROM CONTAINER-GROWN ROSES.

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 583a-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raul I. Cabrera ◽  
Richard Y. Evans ◽  
J. L. Paul
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Leaching ◽  
N Leaching ◽  
Leaching Losses ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Flower Yield ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Leaching Fraction ◽  
Cut Flower Yield ◽  
One Year ◽  
Nutrient Solutions

Nitrogen leaching losses of 21, 40 and 49% were measured from container-grown `Royalty' roses irrigated for one year with nutrient solutions containing 77, 154 and 231 mg N/l. There were no significant differences in number of flowers per plant or dry matter per plant. The N present in the harvested flowers accounted for 43, 27 and 17% of the N applied for the 77, 154 and 231 mg N/l treatments, respectively. Plants receiving 154 mg N/l at leaching fractions of 0.1, 0.25 and 0.5 had corresponding N leaching losses of 22, 38 and 56%. In this experiment, however, the 0.5 leaching fraction produced yields significantly higher than those of the 0.1 and 0.25 treatments. The N recovered in the harvested flowers accounted for 28, 25 and 19% of that applied to the 0.1, 0.25 and 0.5 treatments, respectively. The results of these studies suggest that modifications in current irrigation and fertilization practices of greenhouse roses would result in a considerable reduction of N leaching losses and enhance N fertilizer use efficiency, without loss of cut flower yield and quality.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF PLANTING DATE AND SOIL APPLICATIONS OF FUNGICIDE AND TRICHODERMA ON FLOWERING AND YIELD OF TWO STANDARD CARNATION CULTIVARS

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1102d-1102
Author(s):  
Chi Won Lee ◽  
Benjamin Liang ◽  
Kenneth L. Goldsberry ◽  
Ralph R. Baker ◽  
Phillip L. Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Flower Production ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Flower Yield ◽  
Flower Quality ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One ◽  
June July

This study was carried out to determine the influences of planting date (June, July) and soil applications of Trichoderma harzianum (strain T-95) and a fungicide containing ethazole + thiophanate (BanrotR) on flower production of standard carnation cvs. Improved White and Tanga. The one-year production data showed that the fungicide treatment increased flower yield by 7.3% (33.5 flowers/m2) and 4.8% (23.3 flowers/m2) in Improved White and Tanga, respectively, for June planting. Improved White produced more flowers and fancy grades when planted in July as compared to June planting. Planting date did not influence either the yield or the flower quality in Tanga. The effectiveness of Trichoderma as a biological control agent on flower yield and quality was not evident. The patterns of weekly flower production for the two cultivars were determined and graphically illustrated.

scholarly journals Varietal Performance of Anthurium (Anthurium andreanum) on Growth and Flowering in the Subtropical Zone of West Bengal

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Tapas Kumar Chowdhuri ◽  
Raghunath Sadhukhan ◽  
Tushar Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
West Bengal ◽  
Vase Life ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Subtropical Zone ◽  
Pooled Data ◽  
Commercial Cultivation ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Anthurium Andreanum

An investigation was conducted to evaluate genotypes of Anthurium by maintaining in the pot at Horticultural Research Station, Mondouri, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, West Bengal during three consecutive years 2015-16, 2016-17 and 2017-18. The experiment was laid out in Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with fourteen anthurium cultivars and replicated thrice. Significant differences were found between all the parameters studied. From the pooled data of three years, it was observed that Tropical Red, Agnihotri and Marina recorded better suckering ability. The highest plant height was recorded in Tropical (42.4 cm) closely followed by KalingPong Pink (41.2 cm) and Nitta (39.8 cm). A maximum number of flowers plant-1 year-1 was noticed in Tropical (8.3) and lowest in Alexis (2.1). Ozaki Red recorded the largest flower (9.5 x 7.6 sq. cm), which was followed by Tropical (9.02 x 8.6 sq. cm), Tinora (8.9 x 7.3 sq. cm), and Alexis (8.9 x 8.6 sq. cm). The longest flower spike length was observed in Agnihotri (38.2 cm) followed by Tropical. Spike extended maximum vase life in Pistache (10.1 days) closely followed by Tropical (9.9 days). Overall, among the fourteen cultivars, Tropical was the best cultivar regarding both yield and quality flower production for commercial cultivation in the sub-tropical conditions of West Bengal.

scholarly journals Seedling Selection in Pomegranate (Punica granaturn)

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 603f-604
Author(s):  
Peng Shi
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Size ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Tree Crown ◽  
Juvenile Period ◽  
Green Color ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Cold Hardy ◽  
One Year ◽  
Fruit Flavor

Seedling selections in pomegranates began in 1986. `Giant Green Sweet' (GGS) was used as the female parent. GGS was characterized by fruit size from 340 to 500 g, a green color with slight blush, thin fruit coat, hexalobate calyx, and semi-open ovary with 8 to 12 loculi. The seeds are red, abundant, juicy, and sweet. The seeds contain 15% to 16% soluble solids. The male, pollinating cultivars in the same garden were `Giant Red Sweet', `Giant Horse Teeth', `White Sweet', `Red Sour', `Bing Tang Zi', and `Qing Gang Liu'. Seeds were harvested from fruit that were open-pollinated and weighed 500 g. Seeds were germinated and planted at the end of March. One-year-old seedlings grew to 30 to 50 cm. Two-year-old seedlings grew to 1 to 1.5 m tall with many branches. Seedlings passed the juvenile period after 3 years of growth. Some seedlings blossomed, and a few blossoms developed into fruit. Seedlings were adult by the fourth year, and all of them blossomed and developed fruit. This is a shorter interval to maturation than the parent cultivars. Fruits were located from the lower middle of the tree crown to the top. Adult seedlings produced fruit of ≈400 g with a few seedlings producing fruits of 500 to 600 g. There were 400 to 500 seeds per fruit averaging 40 g per 100 seeds. Seeds from the offspring were bright red and larger than those of the female parent. Fruit flavor was similar to the female parent. Offspring were more cold hardy than the parent cultivars. There were no signs of cold injury in hybrid seedlings to –19°C. This study indicates that seedling selection in pomegranates has a high potential to create higher yield and quality pomegranates. Continuing experiments will reselect the best offspring to develop higher quality cultivars.

Amorphous hydroxyaluminium silicates formed under physiological saline conditions, and in CaCo3-buffered solutions. Stability and significance for Alzheimer plaque precipitates

Clay Minerals ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. C. Farmer ◽  
F. Palmieri ◽  
A. Violante ◽  
P. Violante
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Silicic Acid ◽  
Relative Stability ◽  
Senile Plaque ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
The Core ◽  
One Year ◽  
Aluminium Silicate

AbstractIn an attempt to determine the nature and conditions of formation of the aluminium silicate precipitates present at the core of senile plaque in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease, aluminosilicate precipitates have been prepared and equilibrated for up to one year in physiological saline conditions at 40°C and a pH near 7·4. The structure and composition of these precipitates, and the associated concentrations of free silicic acid, were similar to those found in systems buffered with CaCO3at 20–25°C. Imogolite-like products with Si : Al ratios near 0·5 were obtained at silicic acid concentrations <100µm, and hydrous feldspathoid products with ratios ≥1·0 became dominant at silicic acid concentrations greater than ∼150µm. These products do not match senile plaque precipitates, which have Si : Al ratios ≥1·0, but form in an environment with <100µmSi. The relative stability of aluminium hydroxides, proto-imogolite allophane and hydrous feldspathoids are estimated from equilibrated silicic acid concentrations.

THE EFFECT OF LEAF RUST ON THE YIELD AND QUALITY OF WHEAT

1945 ◽  
Vol 23c (4) ◽  
pp. 105-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Peturson ◽  
Margaret Newton ◽  
A. G. O. Whiteside
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Variable Effect ◽  
Yellow Pigment Content ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Flour Yield ◽  
One Year ◽  
Weight Number

In field experiments carried out at Winnipeg, heavy artificially-induced infection of leaf rust of wheat reduced the yield, bushel weight, kernel weight, number of kernels per head, and percentage of flour yield of the varieties Thatcher, Apex, Renown, and Regent. The infection increased the yellow pigment content of the flour of all these four varieties but, apart from a reduction in flour yield, had no other adverse effect on the milling and baking quality of the grain. In fact, the flour milled from the rusted samples was superior in baking strength to the flour milled from the non-rusted samples. Under field conditions, the rust had a variable effect on the percentage of protein of the grain. In one year it increased the percentage of protein of the seed, but in two other years it decreased the percentage of protein. Under greenhouse conditions, in two different years, leaf rust on Thatcher wheat reduced the yield of seed, number of kernels per head, number of fertile tillers, and yield of straw, but increased the protein content of the seed, leaves, and straw.

scholarly journals Biennial bearing in apple cultivars

Revista CERES ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Caetano Fioravanço ◽  
Ana Beatriz Costa Czermainski
Keyword(s):  
Plant Physiology ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
No Production ◽  
Biennial Bearing ◽  
Low Load ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Apple Cultivars ◽  
One Year ◽  
Range Of Variation

ABSTRACT Biennial bearing is the process in fruit trees by which one year of high fruit load is followed by a very low load or no production the next year. In apple growing, this is a troublesome problem, because of the negative effect on crop yield accumulated over the years, fruit quality, and plant physiology. The objective of this study was to evaluate the biennial bearing of nine apple cultivars, grafted on two rootstocks using of the biennial bearing index (BBI). The indices were calculated for the scion cultivars Maxi-Gala, Gala Real, Royal Gala, Fuji Select, Fuji Suprema, Mishima, Daiane, and Cripps Pink based on the yields from the harvests from 2008 to 2013. The apple cultivars exhibited no significant alternate production, considering the range of variation of the index. For the M-9 rootstock, cv. Fuji Suprema showed the highest BBI. For Marubakaido/M-9, Baigent, Mishima, Fuji Select, and Maxi-Gala showed the highest indices. There was no correlation between the biennial bearing index and the stem cross section of the scion cultivars, regardless of the rootstock used.

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