Relationship of flowering pattern and pollen sterility on productivityof chickpea genotypes under temperature regimes

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiran Ba
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Pollen Sterility ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Flowering Pattern ◽  
Physiological Maturity ◽  
The Third ◽  
Heat Units ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Relationship Of

Three chickpea genotypes (Annigeri-1, JG-11 and JG-14), with five dates of sowings (40th to 48th standard meteorological week (SMW) with an interval of two weeks) were evaluated in field to study the effect of temperature regimes on pollen sterility per cent (%), phenological characters and productivity. Pollen sterility per cent increased significantly from D1 to D3 dates of sowing and then decreased towards D5 date of sowing. JG-14 and JG-11 recorded less pollen sterility as compared to Annigeri-1 at all the dates of sowing. When the low temperature around 9.7 oC to 11.0 oC the pollen sterility per cent was increased (44 to 62 %). The third date of sowing was showed significantly greater duration of flowering (25, 32 and 32 days), total number of flowers (225, 195 and 97) produced with respect to the genotypes (Annigeri-1, JG-11 and JG-14) and longer cool season during flowering produced average number of flowers per day per plant (9.00, 6.09 and 3.03), with optimum flowers to pod ratio (3.42, 2.60 and 1.39). Accumulation of more heat units measure (GDD, 1735) untill physiological maturity helps to get a higher yield (28.52 q per hectare) with a test weight of 19.6 g and more number of pods and seeds per plant.

scholarly journals Starch Morphology and Metabolomic Analyses Reveal That the Effect of High Temperature on Cooked Rice Elongation and Expansion Varied in Indica and Japonica Rice Cultivars

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2416
Author(s):  
Nnaemeka Emmanuel Okpala ◽  
Mouloumdema Pouwedeou Potcho ◽  
Muhammad Imran ◽  
Tianyue An ◽  
Gegen Bao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Japonica Rice ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Starch Granules ◽  
Cooked Rice ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Badh2 Gene

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is mainly grouped into indica and japonica varieties. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of temperature on cooked rice elongation, cooked rice expansion, and rice fragrance. This study was conducted in three growth temperature chambers with indica cultivar Basmati 385 (B385) and japonica cultivar Yunjingyou (YJY). Grains of B385 grown in low-temperature regimes had the highest cooked rice elongation and expansion, whereas the grains of YJY grown in high-temperature regimes had the highest cooked rice elongation and expansion. Starch granules of B385 grown in low-temperature regimes were more compact and bigger, compared to grains grown in medium- and high-temperature regimes. Conversely, the starch granules of YJY grown in high-temperature regimes were more compact and bigger, compared to those grown in medium- and low-temperature regimes. Metabolomic analyses showed that temperature affected the rice metabolome and revealed that cyclohexanol could be responsible for the differences observed in cooked rice elongation and expansion percentage. However, in both B385 and YJY, grains from low-temperature regimes had the highest 2-AP content and the lowest expression levels of the badh2 gene. The findings of this study will be useful to rice breeders and producers.

scholarly journals Temperature Factor Affecting the Abscission Response of Mature Fruit and Leaves to CMN-Pyrazole and Ethephon in `Hamlin' Oranges

2004 ◽  
Vol 129 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rongcai Yuan ◽  
Jacqueline K. Burns
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Citrus Sinensis ◽  
Leaf Abscission ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Night Temperature ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Ethylene Evolution ◽  
Mature Fruit ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Ethephon Treatment

The effect of temperature on the ability of 5-chloro-3-methyl-4-nitro-1H-pyrazole (CMNP) and ethephon to induce ethylene evolution and abscission of mature fruit and leaves was determined using 3-year-old potted `Hamlin' orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osb.] trees in environment-controlled growth rooms in seasons 2001-02 and 2002-03. Ethylene evolution and abscission of CMNP or ethephon-treated fruit and ethephon-treated leaves were highly temperature dependent. Fruit detachment force (FDF) and fruit ethylene evolution were not affected by application of ethephon at 200 mg·L-1 or CMNP at 200 mg·L-1 when air temperature was 10 °C for ethephon treatment or ≤15.6 °C for CMNP treatment. However, ethylene evolution of CMNP or ethephon-treated fruit increased sharply, and FDF decreased drastically as temperature increased from 10 to 26.7 °C for ethephon treatment or from 15.6 to 26.7 °C for CMNP treatment. Several 10 hour day/14 hour night temperature regimes were explored to determine the effect of varying daily and nightly temperatures on efficacy and ethylene evolution. At least 3 days of exposure to 21/10 °C were required for CMNP to effectively loosen fruit, whereas only one day of exposure to 26.7/15.6 °C was enough to induce similar changes. At 21/10 °C, CMNP significantly reduced FDF to<25 N and markedly enhanced fruit ethylene evolution, regardless of interruption by 1 day of low temperature at 10/10 °C in the first 5 d after application. Ethephon had no significant effect on leaf ethylene evolution and leaf abscission when temperature was 10 °C, but caused a marked increase in both leaf ethylene evolution and leaf abscission as temperature increased from 10 to 26.7 °C. CMNP did not stimulate leaf ethylene evolution and leaf abscission regardless of temperature. Chemical names used: 5-chloro-3-methyl-4-nitro-1 H-Pyrazole (CMNP); 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (ethephon).

RELATIONSHIP OF DEVELOPMENT RATES OF CORN FROM PLANTING TO SILKING TO AIR AND SOIL TEMPERATURE AND TO ACCUMULATED THERMAL UNITS IN A PRAIRIE ENVIRONMENT

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. W. CUTFORTH ◽  
C. F. SHAYKEWICH
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Thermal Indices ◽  
Thermal Models ◽  
Heat Units ◽  
Threshold Temperatures ◽  
Relationship Of

The effect of temperature on the phenological development of corn (Zea mays L.) was studied under field conditions at several locations throughout southeastern Manitoba, an area where the average annual corn heat unit accumulation is in the range 2100–2500. Twelve location years of data were collected from eight sites during 1980–1983. Two early-maturing hybrids, Pioneer 3995 and Northrup King 403 and one medium maturity hybrid, Pride 1108, were used. The duration from planting to emergence (PE) was predominantly controlled by soil temperature (ST). The duration from emergence to stem elongation (ESE) was significantly related to air temperature (AT), but not to ST. For both the PE and ESE growth phases, the thermal models — corn heat units (CHU), growing degree days (GDD) and modified corn heat units (MCHU) — were better estimators of duration than calendar days. The MCHU model, with threshold temperatures of 7 and 15 °C for the response functions to daily minimum and maximum temperature, respectively, estimated the duration of ESE more accurately than did the other thermal models. For the duration from stem elongation to silking (SESI), calendar days were better estimators than the thermal models. From emergence to silking (ESI), the thermal models using air temperature were generally better estimators of ESI duration than calendar days.Key words: Maize, thermal indices

scholarly journals Relationship of Hull Mesocarp Color to Seed Germination and Vigor in Large-Seeded Virginia-Type Peanuts

1995 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Spears ◽  
G. A. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Physiological Maturity ◽  
Seed Maturity ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Maturity Class ◽  
Relationship Of

Abstract Classification of peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) based on pod mesocarp color has become a popular means of estimating maturity of runner peanuts. This study was initiated to determine if the hull mesocarp color is related to seed maturity of virginia-type peanuts and to evaluate changes in quality as seed mature. Cultivars NC 7 and NC 9 peanuts were harvested by hand in 1990, 1991, and 1992. Pods were separated according to mesocarp color. Seed moisture content and dry weight within a maturity class varied with cultivar and production year. Germination of NC 7 seed grown in 1990 and 1992 increased as seed approached maturity. Immature NC 9 seed grown in 1991 and 1992 had substantially lower germination than seed from mature pods. There was no increase in germination during maturation of NC 7 seed harvested in 1991 or NC 9 from 1990. Seed leakage during imbibition, measured by electrical conductivity, decreased as seed matured. The lowest leakage levels occurred when seed had reached physiological maturity. Germination following accelerated aging (AA) increased as seed matured. Maximum AA germination of NC 7 occurred when seed had reached 77, 84, and 100% of their final dry weight in 1990, 1991, and 1992, respectively. NC 9 seed achieved maximum germination following AA after the seed amassed at least 90% of their final dry weight.

scholarly journals Airline Financial Distress and Customer Satisfaction

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dina Ribbink ◽  
Christian Hofer ◽  
Martin Dresner
Keyword(s):  
Customer Service ◽  
Airline Industry ◽  
Financial Distress ◽  
Service Levels ◽  
The Third ◽  
Time Performance ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

An investigation is conducted on the effect of financial distress on customer service levels in the U.S. airline industry. Using data from the first quarter of 1998 to the third quarter of 2006, we employ a seemingly unrelated regressions (SUR) model to analyze the impact of financial distress on three measures of customer service. We find that higher financial distress is associated with better on-time performance of airlines and fewer lost bags. The relationship of airline financial distress to the number of bumped customers, however, is insignificant.

scholarly journals Observations on the age and growth of Varicorhinus damascinus (Val.) in Tigris river at Salahuldin province – Iraq

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-248
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Regression Coefficient ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age And Growth ◽  
Gill Nets ◽  
The Third ◽  
Weight Relationship ◽  
Tigris River ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Relationship Of

Age and growth of Varicorhinus damascinus (Val.) in Tigris river at Salahuldin province have been investigated. Monthly samples were taken during the period from September 1999 to August 2000, using small-meshed gill nets. The age data showed that there were six age groups and the dominant age groups were (III – IV) for both sexes. The results of the present study revealed that the increment in length of V. damascinus at the sites of study showed a tendency to decrease with the increase in age, after the third year of life in both sexes. The length-weight relationship of males and females were calculated and demonstrated in a straight line logarithmic formula, as follows: Log W = 1.5404 + 2.6885 log L for males r = 0.95 (P > 0.05) Log W = 1.6723 + 2.7877 log L for females r = 0.77 (P > 0.05) The values of the regression coefficient (b) indicated that the growth of both sexes of V. damascinus was allometric..

scholarly journals Effect of temperature change on the cochlear potentials of the guinea pig. The third report.

1986 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-218
Author(s):  
Naoki Inamura ◽  
Jun Kusakari ◽  
Tomonori Takasaka
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Temperature Change ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
The Third ◽  
Cochlear Potentials

scholarly journals THE USE OF THE STOKES-STRUIK APPROXIMATION FOR WAVES OF FINITE HEIGHT

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
L. E. Borgman ◽  
J. E. Chappelear
Keyword(s):  
Wave Profile ◽  
Third Order ◽  
The Third ◽  
Finite Height ◽  
Particle Velocities ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Permanent Form ◽  
Very High ◽  
Water Depths

A formal approximate solution is derived for the profile and velocity components of a wave with permanent form of finite height m moderate water depths. The approximation is carried to the third order, sufficiently far to represent all except the very high "design" waves. The relationship of the formulas to others found in the literature is discussed. The wavelengths and the coefficients in the third-order series for the wave profile, and the water particle velocities and local accelerations are tabulated for approximately 2000 waves. The depths, heights, and periods for the listed wave conditions vary respectively from 10 to 500 feet, 5 to 40 feet, and 4 to 20 seconds. The range of applicability of the theory is discussed and approximate limits estimated. As an aid in calculations, tables of the trigonometric and hyperbolic sines and cosines for integral multiples of the argument are included.

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