Incidence of Groundnut Leafminer (GLM), Aproaerema modicella (Deventer) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) and its Parasitic Fauna on Alternate Leguminous Hosts in Tamil Nadu, India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Murugasridevi ◽  
S. Jeyarani ◽  
Mohan Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Pest Population ◽  
Damage Potential ◽  
Parasitic Fauna ◽  
Aproaerema Modicella ◽  
Coimbatore District ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
Indigenous Natural Enemies ◽  
Hymenopteran Parasitoids

Background: The groundnut leafminer (GLM), Aproaerema modicella is an important pest of several legume crops which causes 50 to 100 per cent yield loss in India. The exploration of indigenous natural enemies is crucial to the success of every biological control strategy. Besides, alternative host plants act as a source of both herbivorous pests and their natural enemies. In this view, occurrence of GLM and their parasitic fauna on groundnut, alternate leguminous hosts viz., redgram and babchi were recorded. Methods: Survey on damage potential of GLM and their parasitic fauna were recorded on groundnut at Sivagangai and Coimbatore districts of Tamil Nadu, India during 2016 to 2018. Survey was also conducted to find the damage potential of A. modicella on alternate leguminous hosts viz., redgram, babchi and their parasitic fauna at Coimbatore district. The damage potential of A. modicella, per cent parasitization and parasitoid emergence were assessed from A. modicella infested groundnut, redgram and babchi leaves. Result: Severe incidence of A. modicella was recorded as 98.10% (2016 to 2017) and 98.45% (2017 to 2018) at Sivagangai district. The parasitization of GLM was also found higher at Sivagangai recording 46.67% in both the years which was positively related with the pest population. 13 hymenopteran parasitoids belonging to eight families were recorded. Among them, Avga choaspes Nixon recorded high per cent parasitoid emergence (20.00%). Furthermore, GLM incidence on redgram and babchi indicated the highest damage potential of 38.20 and 34.50 per cent and parasitization of 33.33 and 20.00 per cent, respectively during 2017 to 2018.

scholarly journals Diversity of parasitic fauna of conventional rice ecosystem during kuruvai season at Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 164-167
Author(s):  
C. Kathirvelu
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Light Trap ◽  
Malaise Trap ◽  
Parasitic Fauna ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Rice Ecosystem

Arthropod natural enemies are often vital biological control agents of various insect pests of rice ecosystem which include a wide range of predators and parasitoids. Determining the natural enemies and biodiversity of rice fields is the first step to success in biological control and IIPM (Integrated production and pest management) programmes. In the present study, there were four methods of collection viz. sweep net, Malaise trap, UV light trap and yellow pan trap were used to gather parasitoids from ADT-36 rice variety during Kuruvai season (June - September) in 2012. The rice variety was cultivated following the conventional practices like application of inorganic manures, pesticides, micronutrients etc., The results of the diversity of parasitic fauna of conventional rice ecosystem revealed that a total of 889 parasitoids were collected through net sweep, 631 in Malaise trap, 534 in yellow pan trap and 308 in UV light trap during Kuruvai, 2012. Thirteen different agriculturally important parasitic families were collected and identified. Among the families collected, Ichneumonidae, Braconidae, Scelionidae and Chalcididae were found predominant.  Dryniidae was recorded only in yellow pan trap. Among the collection methods employed, Net sweep was found to be the best in collection of parasitoids than other methods in conventional rice ecosystems.

Service Gap In Hospital Industry- A Patient Centric Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (6) ◽  
pp. 80-89
Author(s):  
T. Muthupandian ◽  
A. Sabarirajan ◽  
B. Arun ◽  
P.S. Venkateswaran ◽  
S. Manaimaran
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Hospital Industry ◽  
Major Objective ◽  
The People ◽  
Coimbatore District ◽  
Service Gap ◽  
Very High ◽  
Century Health ◽  
Patient Centric

This paper is having a major objective of finding out the service gap in hospital industry – A patient centric analysis in Coimbatore District. In the 21st century, Health conscious is very high among the people in Tamil Nadu. Before fifty years, people have limited level of hospitals and other allied health services. But today, increases of public, private, corporate and municipal hospitals providing quality services. Hence patients are expecting high quality services from the service providers. The study reveals that services provided in the hospitals have a positive and strong effect on the satisfaction of the inpatients. But reliability is the factor the hospital administrations have to consider.

scholarly journals Intercropping Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) with Sweet Pepper (Capsicum annum) Reduces Major Pest Population Densities without Impacting Natural Enemy Populations

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Xiao-wei Li ◽  
Xin-xin Lu ◽  
Zhi-jun Zhang ◽  
Jun Huang ◽  
Jin-ming Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Pest Control ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Natural Enemy ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Pest Population ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
Population Suppression

Intercropping of aromatic plants provides an environmentally benign route to reducing pest damage in agroecosystems. However, the effect of intercropping on natural enemies, another element which may be vital to the success of an integrated pest management approach, varies in different intercropping systems. Rosemary, Rosmarinus officinalis L. (Lamiaceae), has been reported to be repellent to many insect species. In this study, the impact of sweet pepper/rosemary intercropping on pest population suppression was evaluated under greenhouse conditions and the effect of rosemary intercropping on natural enemy population dynamics was investigated. The results showed that intercropping rosemary with sweet pepper significantly reduced the population densities of three major pest species on sweet pepper, Frankliniella intonsa, Myzus persicae, and Bemisia tabaci, but did not affect the population densities of their natural enemies, the predatory bug, Orius sauteri, or parasitoid, Encarsia formosa. Significant pest population suppression with no adverse effect on released natural enemy populations in the sweet pepper/rosemary intercropping system suggests this could be an approach for integrated pest management of greenhouse-cultivated sweet pepper. Our results highlight the potential of the integration of alternative pest control strategies to optimize sustainable pest control.

Wells for welfare or illfare? Cost of groundwater depletion in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India

Water Policy ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 391-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Palanisami ◽  
A. Vidhyavathi ◽  
C. R. Ranganathan
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Economic Cost ◽  
Groundwater Depletion ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Watershed Development ◽  
Groundwater Overdraft ◽  
Well Spacing ◽  
Coimbatore District ◽  
Tamil Nadu State ◽  
The Cost

Groundwater depletion is experienced in several districts of Tamil Nadu state and Coimbatore district is heading in that direction. The average well failure rate is 47% for open wells and 9% for bore wells. The total cost of depletion for new wells varies from Rs 1,999 per ha to Rs 90,975 per ha. The electricity subsidy to the farmers has varied from Rs 22,621 per ha for coconut growers to Rs 25,498 per ha for banana growers as on 2004. The cost of irrigation per cubic metre (m3) is less on large farms. The average net return with free electricity varies from Rs 0.14 per m3 to Rs 1.38 per m3 and is drastically reduced when electricity is priced at an economic cost, i.e. Rs −1.15 to Rs −0.14 per m3. The shift in cropping pattern towards high value crops helped the farmers to some extent to bear the cost of externalities arising out of depletion. The social cost caused by groundwater overdraft is about Rs 554.3 million, which may increase when the well density increases further. Suggested policy options are to change the cropping pattern to less water-consuming crops, to invest in watershed development activities, to change inefficient pumpsets and to adopt well spacing norms.

Seasonal Incidence of Pulse Aphid (Aphis craccivora Koch.) and its Natural Enemies on Field Pea (Pisum sativum L.) in Relation to Some Abiotic Factors in Alluvial Zone of West Bengal

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Pal ◽  
S. Samanta ◽  
A. Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Pest Population ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Aphis Craccivora Koch ◽  
Weather Parameters

Background: Field pea, Pisum sativum L. is an important winter-season pulse crop. It is subjected to damage by both field and storage insect pests and approximately 10-15 per cent reduction in yield was reported due to the infestation of different insect pests. Among these, pulse aphid (Aphis craccivora Koch.) affects plant physiology directly by removal of nutrients or indirectly by dispersal of various viral diseases. The present investigation has been aimed to study the seasonal fluctuations of aphids and their natural enemies as well as their correlation. Another objective was to know the effect of various weather parameters on pulse aphids and their natural enemies which ultimately would be helpful to develop a forewarning model.Methods: The field experiment was conducted at the A-B Block Farm of Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Nadia, West Bengal using two varieties of field pea (KPMR 935 and IFPD 122) during rabi seasons of two consecutive years of 2017-18 and 2018-19 following a Randomized Block Design with three replications. After recording the total population of both pests (nymphs and adults) and their natural enemies across the season, the mean population was worked out and used for correlation and regression studies along with the weather parameters. Result: Maximum aphid population was noticed during the peak pod formation stage of the crop irrespective of the varieties. The pest population was very strongly correlated with the incidence of coccinellid and ant population in both test varieties. Among the weather parameters, both maximum and minimum temperature and sunshine hour showed a positive correlation with the pest population and their natural enemies but relative humidity and rainfall showed a negative correlation. Regression studies indicated that temperature and relative humidity were the most influencing factors over the incidence of aphid in both the seasons.

scholarly journals The distribution of Culex mosquitoes in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
A. Naresh Kumar ◽  
K. Murugan ◽  
C. Thomas Vincent ◽  
P. Madhiyazhagan ◽  
T. Nataraj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Mosquito Control ◽  
Lymphatic Vessels ◽  
Wuchereria Bancrofti ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Ecological Changes ◽  
Mapping System ◽  
Coimbatore District ◽  
Vector Distribution

Lymphatic filariasis is an infection with the filarial worms, <em>Wuchereria bancrofti</em>, <em>Brugia</em> <em>malayi</em> and <em>B. timori</em>. These parasites are transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected <em>Culex</em> mosquito and develop into adult worms in the lymphatic vessels, causing severe damage and swelling (lymphoedema). Mosquito control, in view of their medical as well as economical importance, assumes global importance. Geographic information system (GIS) is a powerful tool to analyse the distribution of mosquitoes and their relationship to different environmental factors, and can substantially improve our ability to quantify the impacts of demographic, climatic and ecological changes in vector distribution. In the present study <em>Culex</em> <em>quinquefasciatus</em>, <em>Culex</em> <em>tritaeniorhynchus</em> and <em>Culex</em> <em>gelidus</em> were recorded in the study area. Few other factors such as larval mosquito density, number of breeding sites, human population, etc. were also analysed for its impact on the distribution of <em>Culex</em> mosquitoes. Distribution of Culex in the present study affirmed that <em>C. quinquefasciatus</em> is predominant in the entire focal area, which explains the behavioural response and capability of the species in varied zones. Information gathered from this study is being used to construct a GIS-based mapping system for distribution of <em>Culex</em> mosquitoes in the Coimbatore District, Tamil Nadu, India.

scholarly journals Occurrence of Dinarmus basalis in Callosobruchus analis in stored soybean in São Paulo, Brazil

2007 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valmir Antonio Costa ◽  
Élio César Guzzo ◽  
André Luiz Lourenção ◽  
Márcio Aurélio Garcia Correia Tavares ◽  
José Djair Vendramim
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Control Efficiency ◽  
Dinarmus Basalis ◽  
Callosobruchus Analis ◽  
Important Pest

Callosobruchus analis (F.) is considered an important pest in several countries in Africa, Asia and Oceania. It has been observed infesting seeds belonging to 15 Leguminosae genera, including peanut, bean, chickpea, pea, cowpea, and soybean. One of its main natural enemies is the parasitoid Dinarmus basalis (Rondani) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), whose control efficiency has already been demonstrated in several studies. This paper records the occurrence of C. analis and its parasitoid, D. basalis, in stored soybean of the state of São Paulo, Brazil.

scholarly journals Potential natural enemies of the invasive rugose spiraling whitefly, Aleurodicus rugioperculatus Martin in India

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 236 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Selvaraj ◽  
R. Sundararaj ◽  
T. Venkatesan ◽  
Chandish R. Ballal ◽  
S. K. Jalali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Molecular Tools ◽  
Accession Number ◽  
Custard Apple ◽  
First Time

A invasive rugose spiraling whitefly (RSW) <em>Aleurodicus rugioperculatus</em> Martin (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) was found infesting coconut, banana, custard apple and several ornamental plants in Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Kerala for the first time in India. The identity of the pest species was determined through morphological and molecular tools. Furthermore cytochrome c oxidase-I gene (658 bp) of RSW was sequenced (GenBank accession number KY209909) which would serve as an ideal molecular diagnostic marker for its identification irrespective of its phenotypic plasticity. During the survey, several natural enemies were recorded and maximum parasitism was recorded by <em>Encarsia guadeloupae</em> Viggiani (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) and its COI gene was sequenced and deposited as <em>Encarsia</em> sp. (GenBank accession number KY223606). Per cent parasitism ranged from 20.0 to 60.0 % in different collection locations, highest parasitism being recorded in Kerala as compared to other states. The predators recorded were <em>Mallada</em> sp., few coccinellids and predatory mites. This communication is the first report of the rugose spiraling whitefly, its host plant range and associated natural enemies in India.

scholarly journals Population dynamics of exotic rugose spiralling whitefly, Aleurodicus rugioperculatus Martin (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) on coconut as influenced by weather factors and natural enemies

2020 ◽  
pp. 120-125
Author(s):  
K. Elango ◽  
S. Jeyarajan Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Weekly Interval ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Weather Factors ◽  
Extent Of Damage

The rugose spiralling whitefly, Aleurodicus rugioperculatus Martin is a new exotic pest occurring in several crops including coconut since 2016 in India. Due to variation in the agro-climatic conditions of different regions, arthropods show varying trends in their incidence also in nature and extent of damage to the crop. Besides, abiotic factors also play a key role in determining the incidence and dominance of a particular pest and their natural enemies in a crop ecosystem. The population dynamics of new exotic whitefly species, A. rugioperculatus and their associated natural enemies was assessed on five-year-old Chowghat Orange Dwarf coconut trees at Coconut Farm of Tamil Nadu Agricultural University. The study indicated that RSW was found throughout the year on coconut and the observation recorded on weekly interval basis shows that A. rugioperculatus population escalated from the first week of July 2018 (130.8 nymphs/leaf/frond) reaching the maximum during the first week of October (161.0 nymphs/leaf/frond) which subsequently dwindled to a minimum during April. The parasitisation by E. guadeloupae on RSW ranged from 31.60 percent in Aug. 2018 to 57.60 percent in December 2018. The association of biotic and abiotic factors with A. rugioperculatus population showed a negative correlation with E. guadeloupae and C. montrouzieri. There was a significant positive correlation between maximum temperature and minimum temperature as well as relative humidity. However, rainfall showed a negative correlation with A. rugioperculatus population.

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