scholarly journals A Task-Based Language Teaching Approach to the Police Traffic Stop

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen P. O’Connell
Keyword(s):  
Police Officer ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
Teaching Approach ◽  
Traffic Stops ◽  
Target Task ◽  
Domain Experts ◽  
Mise En Œuvre ◽  
Nous Croyons

One possible hurdle to implementing the Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT) approach is uncertainty about how to turn target tasks into materials that can be used in the classroom. This article discusses the steps taken to create materials for one target task (communicating with a police officer during a traffic stop) in a manner that provides a framework for others who wish to create materials for target tasks to follow. Specifically, the discussion will focus on how information was obtained from domain experts (police officers) and how samples of target discourse were collected. It will then explain how that information was turned into prototypical dialogues, which then serve as the foundation for pedagogic tasks that can be used to help learners achieve the goal of communicating with police officers during traffic stops. By explaining how prototypical dialogues were developed for this target task, it is believed that some of the uncertainty about how to turn the theory of TBLT into something concrete for learners will be alleviated.Un élément qui pourrait constituer un obstacle à la mise en œuvre de l’enseignement des langues basé sur les tâches (ELBT) est l’incertitude quant à la façon de transformer les tâches cibles en matière utilisable dans la salle de classe. Cet article discute des démarches entreprises pour créer du matériel pour une tâche cible (communiquer avec un agent de police lors d’un contrôle routier), de sorte à fournir un cadre pour ceux et celles qui voudraient élaborer du matériel pour d’autres tâches cibles. Plus précisément, la discussion portera sur l’obtention d’informations d’experts du domaine (des agents de police) et sur la collecte d’échantillons de discours cibles. Suivra une explication sur la transformation de ces informations en dialogues prototypiques qui deviennent ensuite la base de tâches pédagogiques visant à aider les élèves à communiquer avec des agents de police pendant les contrôles routiers. En expliquant le développement de dialogues prototypiques pour cette tâche cible, nous croyons réduire une part de l’incertitude relative à la transformation de la théorie de l’ELBT en matière concrète pour les apprenants.

Opening Sequences of Vietnamese Police-driver Traffic Enforcement Interactions

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 481
Author(s):  
Huong Thi Linh Nguyen ◽  
Dung Duc Chau
Keyword(s):  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Police Officer ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Traffic Enforcement ◽  
Traffic Stops ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
Institutional Power ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Judicial Authority

This paper examines the opening sequence of police-driver encounters at traffic stops when the police officers state the reasons for the stop, or request documents. Data include 30 video-recorded encounters between Vietnamese police officers and drivers, and are analysed using the methodology of Conversation Analysis. The findings have shown that police officers wield their judicial authority and institutional power right at the outset of the interactions by leading the interaction in a narrowly focused policing agenda, and taking different conversational paths. We argue that these differences in interactional orders may decrease driver co-operation and compliance with police officer directions, and be highly likely to increase recidivism. The present study may give police officers some new ideas about how to behave towards drivers during traffic stops, thus improving police-driver interactions in the Vietnamese policing context as well as in other cultural contexts in some respects.

scholarly journals Requests and counters in Russian traffic police officer-citizen encounters

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 512-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosina Márquez Reiter ◽  
Kristina Ganchenko ◽  
Anna Charalambidou
Keyword(s):  
Police Officer ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Traffic Stops ◽  
Traffic Police

This paper analyses video recorded interactions between police officers and drivers in traffic stops in Russia. The interactions were recorded via cameras installed on the drivers’ car dashboards, and subsequently uploaded to YouTube; a practice to which over one million Russian motorists have resorted to counterbalance perceived high levels of bribery and corruption (Griaznova 2007). The analysis focuses on responses to opening requests for identification in five different encounters. These show that the drivers repeatedly engage in potentially interpersonally sensitive activities in which the vulnerability of face, especially that of the police officer, is interactionally manifested by launching counter requests in return. The organisation of the request–counter request sequences highlights how face and identity related concerns are interwoven in the participants’ attempts to contest each other’s authority.

“Laying Hands” and Learning to Touch and Grab in the Police Academy

2019 ◽  
pp. 446-468
Author(s):  
Brian Lande
Keyword(s):  
Police Officer ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Gain Control ◽  
Police Force ◽  
Police Culture ◽  
Police Academy ◽  
Attitudes And Beliefs ◽  
Police Recruits ◽  
Hands On

Research on the formation of police officers generally focuses on the beliefs, accounts, and categories that recruits must master. Becoming a police officer, however, is not simply a matter of acquiring new attitudes and beliefs. This article attends to an unexplored side of police culture—the sensorial and tactile education that recruits undergo at the police academy. Rubenstein wrote in 1973 that a police officer’s first tool is his or her body. This article examines the formation of the police body by examining how police recruits learn to use their hands as instruments of control. In police vernacular, this means learning to “lay hands” (a term borrowed from Pentecostal traditions) or going “hands on.” This chapter focuses on two means of using the hands: searching and defensive tactics. It describes how instructors teach recruits to use their hands for touching, manipulating, and grabbing the clothing and flesh of others to sense weapons and contraband. It also examines how recruits are taught to grab, manipulate, twist, and strike others in order to gain control of “unruly” bodies. It concludes by discussing the implications of “touching like a cop” for understanding membership in the police force.

“The Greatest Thrill I Get is When I Hear a Criminal Say, ‘Yes, I Did it’”: Race and the Third Degree in New Orleans, 1920–1945

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-44
Author(s):  
Jeffrey S. Adler
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
New Orleans ◽  
Police Officer ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Constitutional Protection ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Face ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Short Time

On May 11, 1938, two New Orleans policemen entered the Astoria Restaurant, marched to the kitchen, and approached Loyd D. T. Washington, a 41-year-old African American cook. They informed Washington that they would be taking him to the First Precinct station for questioning, although they assured the cook that he need not change his clothes and “should be right back” to the “Negro restaurant,” where he had worked for 3 years. Immediately after arriving at the station house, police officers “surrounded” Washington, showed him a photograph of a man, and announced that he had killed a white man in Yazoo City, Mississippi, 20 years earlier. When Washington insisted that he did not know the man in the photograph, that he had never been to (or even heard of) Yazoo City, and that he had been in the army at the time of the murder, the law enforcers confined him in a cell, although they had no warrant for his arrest and did not charge him with any crime. The following day, a detective brought him to the “show-up room” in the precinct house, where he continued the interrogation and, according to Washington, “tried to make me sign papers stating that I had killed a white man” in Mississippi. As every African American New Orleanian knew, the show-up (or line-up) room was the setting where detectives tortured suspects and extracted confessions. “You know you killed him, Nigger,” the detective roared. Washington, however, refused to confess, and the detective began punching him in the face, knocking out five of his teeth. After Washington crumbled to the floor, the detective repeatedly kicked him and broke one of his ribs. The beating continued for an hour, until other policemen restrained the detective, saying “give him a chance to confess and if he doesn't you may start again.” But Washington did not confess, and the violent interrogation began anew. A short time later, another police officer interrupted the detective, telling him “do not kill this man in here, after all he is wanted in Yazoo City.” Bloodied and writhing in pain, Washington asked to contact his family, but the request was ignored. Because he had not been formally charged with a crime, New Orleans law enforcers believed that Washington had no constitutional protection again self-incrimination or coercive interrogation and no right to an arraignment or bail, and they had no obligation to contact his relatives or to provide medical care for him.

Cultivation theory: The impact of crime media's portrayal of race on the desire to become a U.S. police officer

2021 ◽  
pp. 146135572110365
Author(s):  
Wendi Pollock ◽  
Natalia D Tapia ◽  
Deborah Sibila
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Police Officer ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Deadly Force ◽  
Cultivation Theory ◽  
Implicit Biases ◽  
Current Article ◽  
The Impact

The death of George Floyd on 25 May 2020 again left people asking why U.S. police officers so commonly resort to the use of deadly force when interacting with Black individuals. The current article proposes that media, combined with cultivation theory and social cognition concepts may create implicit biases that are potential contributors to this problem. Police officers have a greater vulnerability to these biases because intake of crime-related media positively predicts their interest in selecting law enforcement as a career. Other predictors of an interest in working in law enforcement, and implications of these findings, are discussed.

Policing in divided societies: Officer inclusion, citizen cooperation, and crime prevention

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 580-604
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Nanes
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Police Officer ◽  
Crime Prevention ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Public Safety ◽  
The State ◽  
Divided Societies ◽  
Police Station ◽  
Domestic Security

How does demographic inclusion in domestic security institutions affect security provision in divided societies? Police officers rely on information from citizens to identify problems and allocate resources efficiently. Where conflict along identity lines erodes trust between citizens and the state, the police face difficulty obtaining information, hindering their ability to provide public safety. I argue that inclusiveness in the police rank-and-file addresses this problem by fostering cooperation from previously excluded segments of society. I test this argument in Israel and its conflict between the Jewish majority and non-Jewish minority. First, a survey of 804 Israeli citizens shows that non-Jews who perceive the police as more inclusive are more willing to provide the police with information. I then use original panel data on police officer demographics at every police station in Israel over a six year period to show that increases in police inclusiveness are associated with decreases in crime.

scholarly journals Specific Features of the Professional I-Concept of Patrol Police Officers Depending on the Availability of Previous Experience in the Ministry of Internal Affairs

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-83
Author(s):  
Yu. V. Aleksandrov
Keyword(s):  
Police Officer ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Interpersonal Relations ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Previous Experience ◽  
Career Anchors ◽  
Career Orientations ◽  
Internal Affairs ◽  
The Ideal

The paper is focused to the study of the professional I-concept of patrol police officers and the features of this concept, depending on the availability of previous experience in the system of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine. The definition of I-concept, self-appraisal, awareness and self-consciousness of a personality has been revealed. The modern approaches to the problem of the professional I-concept in psychology have been analyzed. The author has presented the results of the empirical study, which was attended by police officers divided into 2 groups – those who used to serve in the internal affairs agencies (IAA), and those who did not have experience in the militia. During the research the author has studied the representations of police officers about themselves and about the ideal police officer, the levels of self-appraisal of police officers, peculiarities of their career orientations and self-efficacy. It has been experimentally established that the self-appraisal of police officers without experience in the IAA is overestimated. The specifics of the system of representations of patrol police officers of different groups about their own professionally relevant personality qualities and the specifics of the system of representations about their own communicative qualities have been also researched. The author has demonstrated the vision by police officers who do not have the experience in the IAA, the image of an ideal patrol police officer, their understanding of the ideal police officer, as well as their vision of themselves as the bearer of leadership qualities, the attitude towards authoritarianism and dictatorial manifestations. Based on the research the author has also noted the specifics of career orientations and the peculiarities of the effectiveness of patrol police officers, depending on their previous experience in the police. To solve the problems, the author has used the following psycho-diagnostic techniques: “Personal differential”; Lyri method of diagnosis of interpersonal relations; “Career Anchors” by Edgar H. Schein; Scale of general self-efficacy; S. Budassi methodology.

scholarly journals Protection of personal data of a police officer from video recording and illegal distribution in the media

2020 ◽  
pp. 79-83
Author(s):  
Svetlana Adahovskaya ◽  
Andrey Koblenkov
Keyword(s):  
Police Officer ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
The Media

The article analyzes the practice of police communication with journalists. The authors propose the algorithm of actions between police officers and representatives of the media from the point of view of legal regulations.

scholarly journals The Implementation of Communicative Language Teaching in English Practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Arini Sabrina
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
Communicative Language Teaching ◽  
Teaching Approach ◽  
Focal Points ◽  
English Teaching ◽  
English As Foreign Language ◽  
Efl Context ◽  
Scientific Approach

2013 Curriculum now has been implemented so widely in Indonesia, especially in English teaching and learning process. It delineates some focal points like student-centred active learning and contextual teaching which hopefully brings the students to learn more effectively. Furthermore, there is an apparent unanimity that the curriculum may lead the meaningfulness of learning. In relation to English teaching approach, Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) is likened to the latest curriculum. CLT emphasises on the context and authenticity. Thus, this approach should go along with 2013 Curriculum. This study aims at finding out the implementation of CLT in line with the curriculum, since many previous studies alert some problems happening while CLT is applied not in ESL as its birthplace, yet in EFL context. In fact, Indonesia perceives English as foreign language. But, there are still few studies related to this approach. After observation and document tracking are conducted, it is concluded that Scientific Approach and Communicative Language Teaching Approach are able to blend to create more effective communicative learning.

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