scholarly journals TARGETED SYSTEMS OF MEDICAL-PREVENTION AID IN HIGH-RISK GROUPS OF MOST VULNERABLE CATEGORIES OF THE POPULATION RESIDING IN INDUSTRY-AFFECTED AREAS

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (12) ◽  
pp. 1140-1146
Author(s):  
E. A. Kuzmina ◽  
O. L. Malykh ◽  
Yu. I. Soloboyeva ◽  
Yu. V. Kochergin ◽  
I. A. Plotnikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Disease Prevention ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Krasnoyarsk Krai ◽  
Chemical Contamination ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Incident Cases

The article describes the organizational structure and results of the implementation of a unique interdepartmental system of targeted health care and disease prevention in risk groups of the most vulnerable categories of the population (children and pregnant women) resided in industry-affected areas, which is an integral part of the regional system of the management chemical risks for population health. The system is represented by a modular stepwise principle of taking a set of science-based hygienic, health care and disease prevention measures and includes hygienic diagnostics and multimedia health risk assessment; environmental epidemiology studies; biological monitoring of toxicants; evaluation of the personal multimedia toxic burden in the most vulnerable population groups; biological disease prevention, clinical and laboratory diagnostics and rehabilitation treatment of diseases, informing population about health risks posed by chemical contamination of the environment and measures of risk elimination and prevention; performance evaluation including a cost-benefit analysis. The system health management has been implemented since 2001 in 17 municipalities of the Sverdlovsk Region with the mean annual coverage of 11,000 preschool children, pregnants and women of childbearing age. In 75-80% of enrolled children, clinical and diagnostic indices improved, thus indicates to the health promotion: morbidity rate in these children decreased by 30-40%, disease frequency and duration became 2-4 times lower, and over 80 additional incident cases per 1,000 children were prevented. In 2005-2016, the prevented economic damage to public health exceeded two billion rubles. Since 2009, the system has been applied in the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania (the town of Vladikavkaz), the Orenburg Region (the towns of Mednogorsk and Gay), and the Krasnoyarsk Krai (the city of Krasnoyarsk).

scholarly journals Features of Laboratory Diagnostics CMVI by IFA Method (IgM, IgG) for the Period 2014-2020 in Kyrgyzstan

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 315-322
Author(s):  
G. Sadybakasova ◽  
R. Gasanov
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Intrauterine Death ◽  
Fetal Hypoxia ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Specific Igg ◽  
Epidemiology And Public Health

This article discusses the problem of informing students of medical universities in Kyrgyzstan about CMVI, as well as an analysis of the population survey by ELISA for the detection of specific immunoglobulins of class M and G for 7 years (2014–2020). The article provides an analysis of the surveyed by sex of all ages, which allows us to conclude that the bulk of the surveyed are women of childbearing age. Thus, cytomegalovirus infection poses a particular danger to the fetus, up to its intrauterine death. The work is interdisciplinary in nature, written at the intersection of medical microbiology, epidemiology and public health and health care. Considerable attention in the work is paid to the fact that those examined by the ELISA method for specific IgM are ten times less than for the detection of specific IgG. Although it is the detection of specific IgM that poses a particular danger to the fetus — it can lead to its especially life-threatening complications such as: heart disease, retinopathy, which can lead to blindness, deafness and even mental retardation, intrauterine hypotrophy, immaturity, prematurity, chronic intrauterine fetal hypoxia. The idea is substantiated how important it is for future and practicing doctors to inform the population about this infection, which will help in the future to timely detect IgM and possibly save the fetus from intrauterine death. Using the results of an ELISA test for the detection of specific IgM and IgG, which today is one of the most reliable and affordable ways to detect a disease, the author proves in his studies the huge problem of informing and examining the population. The topic under consideration will be of particular interest to specialists in the field of public health and health care, since this is a truly national problem. The presented work indicates that CMVI is currently a serious medical and social problem. This problem is extremely poorly understood and requires further study.

Chronic Disease Prevention: Tobacco, Physical Activity, and Nutrition for a Healthy Start: A Vital Direction for Health and Health Care

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
William H. Dietz ◽  
◽  
Ross C. Brownson ◽  
Clifford E. Douglas ◽  
John J. Dreyzehner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Disease Prevention ◽  
Healthy Start ◽  
Chronic Disease Prevention

Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of chickenpox in the adult population at the present stage

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Peredelskaya ◽  
Tatyana Safyanova ◽  
Mikhail Druchanov
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Health Care Institution ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Clinical Hospital ◽  
Care Institution ◽  
High Level ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Chickenpox is an urgent problem, as it is widely spread with a high level of morbidity and an increasing share in the structure of the General infectious pathology with significant economic damage. The aim of the study is to study the epidemiological and clinical features of chickenpox in adults hospitalized in Krai government-owned publicy funded health care institution «City clinical hospital No. 5, Barnaul» for the period 2008‑2018. Content analysis included statistical reporting forms No. 2 of Federal state statistical supervision «Data on infectious and parasitic diseases» in the city of Barnaul during the period 2008‑2018 of medical archival documents adult infectious Department Krai government-owned publicy funded health care institution «City clinical hospital №5, Barnaul» for the same period. Data processing was performed using calculation of intensive and extensive indicators, calculation of the arithmetic mean (X) and standard error of the average (m). Calculations were made using the STATISTICA-10 program. Consistently high rates were recorded, with an average of 64.32 ± 3.46 per 100,000 population. The percentage of hospitalized adults averaged 18.5% during the study period. Adults aged 18‑30 were more likely to be admitted to the hospital (90.3%); 41.6% were students. Adults with moderate severity were hospitalized more often (70.6%); 7 patients (1.3%) had complications: aphthous stomatitis (3 cases), pustulosis (2 cases), and pneumonia (2 cases). Patients with severe severity of the disease accounted for 2.4%, the premorbid background was burdened in 48% (HIV infection, tuberculosis). In 35% of patients with severe severity, the final diagnosis of Herpes zoster was made, all patients older than 40 years, stayed in the hospital for 20‑25 days.

Early clinical and laboratory diagnostics of allergodermatoses in electroplating shop workers

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-371
Author(s):  
Elena N. Kryuchkova ◽  
Irina V. Jatcyna ◽  
Larisa I. Antoshina
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Nickel Content ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Nickel Compounds ◽  
Allergic Skin

Introduction. At the present stage, the occupational pathology of the skin remains one of the significant medical and social problems. In this regard, special attention is paid to the early diagnosis of sensitization to industrial chemical allergens to target occupational allergic diseases. The aim of the study was to study the changes in clinical and laboratory parameters in the formation of allergic skin diseases in workers during nickel plating. Material and methods. Three hundred eighty-nine employees of the machine-building enterprise were examined. The leading group consisted of 214 people exposed to harmful chemical factors of production. Group of intact persons 175 people is represented by employees who do not come into contact with harmful factors of the production environment. The condition of the skin of workers was analyzed. Laboratory studies of oxidative metabolism and immune status were performed according to unified methods. The nickel content in the urine was determined by voltammetry. Results. At the studied enterprise, 38,3% of workers were diagnosed with occupational skin diseases (epidermosis, allergic dermatitis, eczema). In the formation of dermatological morbidity, an increase in the activity of alkaline (ALPn) and acid (ACPn) phosphatase of neutrophils by 1,7-2.2 times and inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and neutrophil myeloperoxidase (MPn) by 1.2-1.5 times relative to the control group was found. On the part of the immune system, there was an activation of the suppressor function of T-lymphocytes (CD8+); B-lymphocytes (CD20+), an increase in the content of immunoglobulins IgG, total IgE, circulating immune complexes by 1.5-2.0 times and a decrease in the levels of immunoglobulins IgA, IgM by 3.0-5.0 times compared to the control. The relationship between the nickel content in the urine of workers and changes in the indicators of ACPn (r = 0.76), MPn (r = -0.87), (CD4+) (r = -0.91), (CD8+) (r = 0,86), general IgE (r = 0.92), indicating the priority role of nickel compounds in the formation of allergodermatoses in workers. Conclusion. The proposed complex of biomarkers aims to detect early the initial forms of allergodermatosis and the formation of risk groups for the timely rehabilitation of electroplating workers.

scholarly journals Methods Used to Evaluate mHealth Applications for Cardiovascular Disease: A Quasi-Systematic Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12315
Author(s):  
Felix Holl ◽  
Jennifer Kircher ◽  
Walter J. Swoboda ◽  
Johannes Schobel
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Evaluation Framework ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
The Face ◽  
Mobile Health Applications ◽  
Study Designs ◽  
Mhealth Apps

In the face of demographic change and constantly increasing health care costs, health care system decision-makers face ever greater challenges. Mobile health applications (mHealth apps) have the potential to combat this trend. However, in order to integrate mHealth apps into care structures, an evaluation of such apps is needed. In this paper, we focus on the criteria and methods of evaluating mHealth apps for cardiovascular disease and the implications for developing a widely applicable evaluation framework for mHealth interventions. Our aim is to derive substantiated patterns and starting points for future research by conducting a quasi-systematic scoping review of relevant peer-reviewed literature published in English or German between 2000 and 2021. We screened 4066 articles and identified n = 38 studies that met our inclusion criteria. The results of the data derived from these studies show that usability, motivation, and user experience were evaluated primarily using standardized questionnaires. Usage protocols and clinical outcomes were assessed primarily via laboratory diagnostics and quality-of-life questionnaires, and cost effectiveness was tested primarily based on economic measures. Based on these findings, we propose important considerations and elements for the development of a common evaluation framework for professional mHealth apps, including study designs, data collection tools, and perspectives.

scholarly journals The prevalence of breast disease in girls in the city of Moscow

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 298-302
Author(s):  
Marina L. Travina ◽  
I. V. Vinyarskaya ◽  
A. G. Popov
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
National Health ◽  
Breast Disease ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Breast Pathology ◽  
National Health Care ◽  
Solitary Cyst ◽  
The City

Preservation of reproductive health is relevant practical direction of national health care. There are presented data on the prevalence of various forms of breast pathology in girls of the various age attending preschools and schools institutions in the city of Moscow. There was executed the screening examination of 753 girls at the age of 3-17 years. Among all the examined girls the prevalence of various forms of breast pathology acounted of 190‰. The first place ranking in the structure of morbidity rate ther ewa sheld by mastalgia (46,5‰), mastopathy (45,2‰), solitary cyst (38,5 ‰) and premature isolated thelarche (25,2‰). The prevalence of breast pathology in girls of 8-17 years accounted of 216,9 ‰. According to the frequency of occurrence leading positions are occupied by: mastopathy - 65,3‰, mastalgia - 61,4‰ and solitary cyst - 53,7‰. Performed studies testify to the importance of mammography examination of girls at different ages.

Toward More Patient-Centered and Prevention-Oriented Oral Health Care

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Leggett ◽  
D. Duijster ◽  
G.V.A. Douglas ◽  
K. Eaton ◽  
G.J.M.G. van der Heijden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Disease Prevention ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Oral Care ◽  
Oral Health Care ◽  
Patient Centered ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
European Union Member States

ADVOCATE (Added Value for Oral Care) is a project funded by the European Commission’s Horizon 2020 program, which aims to develop strategies for a system transition toward more patient-centered and prevention-oriented oral health care delivery within health care systems. This system should balance the restorative and preventive approaches in dental and oral health care. ADVOCATE is a partnership among 6 European Union member states, which involves collaboration among universities, state-funded health care providers, and private insurance companies in Denmark, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, and Aridhia, a biomedical informatics company based in Scotland. There are 6 interrelated work packages, which aim to address the following objectives: 1) in-depth evaluation of oral health care systems in European Union member states to identify best system designs for oral disease prevention, 2) development of a set of measures to provide information on oral care delivery and oral health outcomes, 3) evaluation of a feedback approach in dental practice that aims to facilitate a change toward preventive oral health care delivery, and 4) economic evaluation of strategies to promote preventive oral health care and development of policy recommendations for oral health care systems. The project is novel in its use of data that are routinely collected by health insurance organizations, as well as the engagement of key stakeholders from dental teams, insurers, patients, and policy makers in guiding the development and progress of the project. This article outlines in detail the objectives and research methodology of the ADVOCATE project and its anticipated impact. Knowledge Transfer Statement: This commentary describes the development of policy options to promote a greater focus on disease prevention in general dental practice. The approach builds on identifying the comparative effectiveness of alternative incentive schemes, as well as methods to monitor clinical and patient-derived measures of success in creating health for patients. The article describes the development and application of the measures and the evaluation of their success in orienting clinical practice more toward disease prevention.

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