scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF THE DRINKING WATER HARDNESS ON THE MORBIDITY RATE OF THE POPULATION OF THE CITY OF OREL

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. V. Kanatnikova ◽  
Nataliya A. Egorova
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Hardness ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

scholarly journals EFFECT OF IRON IN DRINKING WATER ON THE MORBIDITY RATE IN THE POPULATION OF THE CITY OF OREL

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (11) ◽  
pp. 1049-1053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nataliya A. Egorova ◽  
N. V. Kanatnikova
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Iron Content ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Human Organism ◽  
Urogenital System ◽  
High Iron Content ◽  
The City

The population of the city of Orеl consumes drinking underground water of Zadonsko-Optuhovsky and Voronezh-Livny aquifers with natural iron content, annual mean levels of which over the observation period from 2007 to 2015 exceeded the maximum allowable concentration (0.3 mg/l) by 1.03 to 1.43 times, with a maximum of 3.67 to 17.7 times. Although an elevated iron content in drinking water has been considered primarily in terms of organoleptic changes, several sanitary studies of recent years have revealed the prolonged use of water containing iron in concentrations, which exceed the maximum allowable ones, to scale up overall morbidity as well as the development of blood, skin and subcutaneous tissue diseases, musculoskeletal problems, digestive, urogenital system and allergic disorders. There are many reports concerning causes and the harm to human organism due to iron overload, and largely explanation of the possibility of developing the above types of pathology. The purpose of the study is to identify relationships between levels of total iron content in drinking water and the morbidity rate of the population of the city of Orel. Investigations were executed with the use a correlation analysis. For the period from 2007 to 2015, there were revealed direct correlation relationships between the annual average concentrations of iron in drinking water and the total morbidity rate of children and adults as well as 11 types of non-infectious pathologies, including diseases of the respiratory and urogenital system, atopic dermatitis, reactive arthropathies and eczema in children; diseases of blood and blood-forming organs, reactive arthropathies, gastritis and duodenitis in adolescents, stenocardia, cerebrovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, gastritis, duodenitis and liver diseases in adults. The correlation coefficients amounted to from 0.66 to 0.86, with an accuracy of 0.01-0.05. These relationships may be causal in nature, as it was proved by similar results obtained in the Tula region, Primorsky Krai, and Sverdlovsk region where the population uses ground water with a high iron content. Apparently, it should be more careful in the assessment of the elevated iron content in drinking water from a hygienic viewpoint and must focus, among other things, on its possible causal relations with the morbidity rates of the population, rather than scrutinizing primarily its impact on the organoleptic water properties.

scholarly journals Behavior of TiO2 and CeO2 Nanoparticles and Polystyrene Nanoplastics in Bottled Mineral, Drinking and Lake Geneva Waters. Impact of Water Hardness and Natural Organic Matter on Nanoparticle Surface Properties and Aggregation

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Ramirez ◽  
Stephan Ramseier Gentile ◽  
Stéphane Zimmermann ◽  
Serge Stoll
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Water Hardness ◽  
Engineered Nanoparticles ◽  
Mineral Waters ◽  
Lake Geneva ◽  
Water Treatment Process ◽  
The Impact

Intensive use of engineered nanoparticles (NPs) in daily products ineluctably results in their release into aquatic systems and consequently into drinking water resources. Therefore, understanding NPs behavior in various waters from naturel to mineral waters is crucial for risk assessment evaluation and the efficient removal of NPs during the drinking water treatment process. In this study, the impact of relevant physicochemical parameters, such as pH, water hardness, and presence of natural organic matter (NOM) on the surface charge properties and aggregation abilities of both NPs and nanoplastic particles is investigated. TiO2, CeO2, and Polystyrene (PS) nanoplastics are selected, owing to their large number applications and contrasting characteristics at environmental pH. Experiments are performed in different water samples, including, ultrapure water, three bottled mineral waters, Lake Geneva, and drinking water produced from Lake Geneva. Our findings demonstrate that both water hardness and negatively charged natural organic matter concentrations, which were measured via dissolved organic carbon determination, are playing important roles. At environmental pH, when negatively charged nanoparticles are considered, specific cation adsorption is promoting aggregation so long as NOM concentration is limited. On the other hand, NOM adsorption is expected to be a key process in NPs destabilization when positively charged PS nanoplastics are considered.

scholarly journals THE QUALITY OF DRINKING WATER AS A FACTOR IN THE FORMATION OF DENTAL PATHOLOGY OF THE HARD TISSUES OF THE TEETH IN CHILDREN

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (5) ◽  
pp. 1120-1124
Author(s):  
Oksana V. Klitynska ◽  
Natalia V. Hasiuk ◽  
Volodymyr І. Struk ◽  
Roksolana Yu. Kruchak ◽  
Viacheslav R. Gurando ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Mineral Components ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The aim: A study of the impact of drinking water quality on the state of dental health in schoolchildren who permanently live in areas of biogeochemical deficiency of fluorine and iodine. Material and methods: The composition of the drinking water of the city of Uzhhorod and the city of Rakhiv has been investigated. The prevalence and intensity of dental caries in children is determined, drinking water is taken in accordance with Uzhhorod and Rakhiv. Results: The regional features of the composition of drinking water of the mountain Rakhivsky district of the Transcarpathian region are the high variety of combinations of mineral components and the frequent excess of the normative content of dry residue components, namely nitrates, sulfates, chlorides, magnesium and calcium.Water oxidation, total stiffness and total alkalinity were significantly different. The established drinking water quality indicators have a direct dependence on the prevalence and intensity of dental caries in children, that is, a significant increase in the number of carious temporary, carious and distant permanent teeth and a decrease in filled temporary and permanent teeth (p < 0. 05) were diagnosed. Conclusions: One of the most pressing problems in water hygiene is the urgent need to review and improve regulations, State sanitary regulations, standards and other regulations in the field of drinking water, including through the development of regional drinking water quality standards.

scholarly journals Psychophysiological state of children in conditions of informatization of their life activity and intensification of education

2019 ◽  
Vol 95 (12) ◽  
pp. 1183-1188 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. R. Kuchma ◽  
Elena A. Tkachuk ◽  
I. Yu. Tarmaeva
Keyword(s):  
Personal Development ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Psychophysiological State ◽  
Health And Development ◽  
Resistance To Stress ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Attention Level ◽  
Different Levels

The transition to a new stage of the development - the information society is an objective reality and has an influence on all areas of the activity of the society, including the establishment of a child as an object of the hygienic research. In conditions of the general informatization of the society, the appearance of so-called “clip thinking,” explains the maladjustment of educational technologies to mechanisms of children ’ and teenagers ’perception and is confirmed by the growth of the school pathology and the gain in the morbidity rate. In the investigation on the example of the educational institutions of Irkutsk it was executed the evaluation of the impact of the intensification of informatization of education and personal development. For the investigation there were formed 2 groups ofpreschools with different levels of informatization in the same preschool institution of the central district of the city of Irkutsk but in different periods of time. In total there were observed 211 children aged of 5.5 to 6.5 years. For the study the influence of the intensification (and informatization of training there were formed 2 groups of small schoolchildren with different levels of intensification (and informatization) of education. The total number of cases accountedfor 465 children aged of 7-9 years. There were suggested methodical approaches to the estimation of the health status of the children, with taking into account the inevitable influence offactors of informatization and the intensification of education. The performed investigations have allowed to reveal the following tendencies in the shaping of the psychophysical state of health and development of children: an increase of level of informatization of education and personal and accomplishment; intensification of learning working; reduction of the attention level; imagination and visual divergence; capability to the linear differentiation and construction of inferences; fear to fail to meet the expectations of surrounding people and low resistance to stress; the increase speed of data processing along with fall in quality; the gain in hyperactivity.

scholarly journals The impact of ecological and socio-hygienic factors on the health status of children of school age

2019 ◽  
Vol 95 (8) ◽  
pp. 760-764
Author(s):  
Valery V. Vasilyev ◽  
M. V. Perekusikhin ◽  
Yu. V. Korochkina
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Correction Factors ◽  
Pollution Emissions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Air Pollution Emissions

Negative trends in incidence rates of children and adolescents of the city of Penza are due to the influence of both environmental factors as well as the educational process. Hygienic trouble in the city of Penza determines air pollution emissions of road transport, as evidenced by the high levels of morbidity rate in children and adolescents. The priorities for the correction factors are conditions and the organization of nutrition, physical education. There are identified the most important lifestyle factors for senior pupils that need the solution.

scholarly journals The impact of using modern irrigation techniques on the ancient Mougheul palm grove, South-West of Algeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-102
Author(s):  
Cherif Rezzoug
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Source ◽  
The State ◽  
Hostile Environment ◽  
Profound Impact ◽  
Current State ◽  
South West ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Abstract To resist against a hostile environment, the oases of Saoura developed ingenious techniques of catchment and sharing of water to exploit the rare and precious waters of the groundwater. But the intervention of modern irrigation techniques has disrupted the entire oasis system inside the oasis such as the spring, the palm grove and the ksar. These techniques have overexploited the groundwater supplying the palm grove in terms of quantity and quality. For centuries, the oases of Mougheul used only the source (with a flow of 25 dm3∙s−1 in 2001) which is inside the oasis to irrigate the parcels and herds. After the year 2005, the state decided to supply the city of Bechar with drinking water through the catchment field of Mougheul through five modern boreholes, which had a profound impact on the oasis, its surroundings, and the whole artesian source. In this work, we study the impact of the use of modern catchment systems on the water source and the life of the Mougheul population. By interviewing farmers and landowners about the impact of groundwater scarcity on the oasis. This allowed knowing the current state of the oasis and the reasons for its deterioration.

The Influence of Total Hardness on Chlorine Decay in Water Distribution Systems

2014 ◽  
Vol 535 ◽  
pp. 776-784
Author(s):  
Jing Qing Liu ◽  
Wei Jiang ◽  
Jian Min Wu ◽  
Cong Li
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Hardness ◽  
Free Chlorine ◽  
Chlorine Concentration ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Decay Constants ◽  
Chlorine Decay ◽  
The Impact

Free chlorine decay is a main issue in drinking water treatment since free chlorine concentration is a common indicator in drinking water security. The current view of free chlorine decay is that the process is mainly affected by the natural organic matter in water, temperature and initial chlorine concentration, on which temperature has the most evidently effect. As is generally accepted, total hardness has no effect on it. This paper investigated the impact of water hardness on the chlorine decay. The influence of varying metal ions concentrations which contribute to water hardness on effective chlorine decay constants was assessed. The results implied that total hardness had an evidently influences on the chlorine decay in tap water or DI water. For the range of metal ions concentration in this experiment effective chlorine decay constants ranged from an increase by +182% to +349% from the different concentration of metal ions.

scholarly journals Hard Water, More Elastic Arteries: A Case Study from Krupina District, Slovakia

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 1521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rapant ◽  
Cvečková ◽  
Fajčíková ◽  
Hajdúk ◽  
Hiller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Water Hardness ◽  
Hard Water ◽  
Absolute Difference ◽  
Cardiovascular Risks ◽  
Invasive Approach ◽  
The Impact

The protective role of hard drinking water against cardiovascular diseases is well documented by numerous studies. This article describes the impact of Ca and Mg contents in the drinking water with different water hardness on the cardiovascular system (arterial stiffness, arterial age) of residents of the Krupina district, the Slovak Republic. The research was based on the measurements of arterial stiffness, including the measurements of aortic pulse wave velocity (PWVao) and the calculation of the arterial age of the residents. In total, 144 randomly selected residents were included in measurements, divided into the two groups according to Ca and Mg contents in drinking water (water hardness). The first group was supplied with soft drinking water (total dissolved solids (TDS): 200–300 mg·L−1, Ca: 20–25 mg·L−1, Mg: 5–10 mg·L−1). The second group of residents was supplied with harder drinking water (TDS: 500–600 mg·L−1, Ca: 80–90 mg·L−1, Mg: 25–30 mg·L−1). Differences in arterial stiffness between the two groups of respondents were documented. Higher arterial stiffness (low flexibility of arteries) was determined for a group of residents supplied with soft drinking water. This was reflected in higher PWVao levels, higher number of pathological cases (PWVao > 10 m·s−1), and arterial age of respondents compared to their actual age. The “absolute” difference between the arterial and actual age between the two evaluated groups of residents (soft vs. harder water) was nearly 5 years on average. The higher arterial stiffness and age of residents that consumed soft drinking water indicate the health significance of lower contents of Ca and Mg in drinking water as an environmental risk factor of cardiovascular diseases. Measuring arterial stiffness of residents in the areas supplied with soft drinking water can be used as a non-invasive approach in the prevention of cardiovascular risks.

A new real-time drinking water network mixing model for the control and command centre of the city of Paris

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 383-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Montiel ◽  
J. Coutelan ◽  
B. Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Water System ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
Mixing Model ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Drinking Water System ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The Paris drinking water system has the particularity of being supplied by many different sources: surface water from the Seine and Marne rivers and underground water from sixty-three springs. This diversity of origins of the water and the existence of a gridded network leads the company in charge of the production and the quality of the water in Paris, Sagep, to partly mix the water in the network. Knowing the impact of the mixing on the physical parameters, and consequently on the quality of this mixed water, Sagep had searched for a tool to control the water origins in the network in order to limit extreme changes. A study led Sagep to develop a new kind of real-time water mixing model.

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