scholarly journals The impact of ecological and socio-hygienic factors on the health status of children of school age

2019 ◽  
Vol 95 (8) ◽  
pp. 760-764
Author(s):  
Valery V. Vasilyev ◽  
M. V. Perekusikhin ◽  
Yu. V. Korochkina
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Correction Factors ◽  
Pollution Emissions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Air Pollution Emissions

Negative trends in incidence rates of children and adolescents of the city of Penza are due to the influence of both environmental factors as well as the educational process. Hygienic trouble in the city of Penza determines air pollution emissions of road transport, as evidenced by the high levels of morbidity rate in children and adolescents. The priorities for the correction factors are conditions and the organization of nutrition, physical education. There are identified the most important lifestyle factors for senior pupils that need the solution.

scholarly journals COVID-19 among the inhabitants of the slums in the city of Buenos Aires: a population-based study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e044592
Author(s):  
Alejandro Macchia ◽  
Daniel Ferrante ◽  
Gabriel Battistella ◽  
Javier Mariani ◽  
Fernán González Bernaldo de Quirós
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Reporting System ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Health Reporting ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Slum Dwellers ◽  
Integrated Health ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

ObjectiveTo summarise the unfolding of the COVID-19 epidemic among slum dwellers and different social strata in the city of Buenos Aires during the first 20 weeks after the first reported case.DesignObservational study using a time-series analysis. Natural experiment in a big city.SettingPopulation of the city of Buenos Aires and the integrated health reporting system records of positive RT-PCR for COVID-19 tests.ParticipantsRecords from the Argentine Integrated Health Reporting System for all persons with suspected and RT-PCR-confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 between 31 January and 14 July 2020.OutcomesTo estimate the effects of living in a slum on the standardised incidence rate of COVID-19, corrected Poisson regression models were used. Additionally, the impact of socioeconomic status was performed using an ecological analysis at the community level.ResultsA total of 114 052 people were tested for symptoms related with COVID-19. Of these, 39 039 (34.2%) were RT-PCR positive. The incidence rates for COVID-19 towards the end of the 20th week were 160 (155 to 165) per 100 000 people among the inhabitants who did not reside in the slums (n=2 841 997) and 708 (674 to 642) among slums dwellers (n=233 749). Compared with the better-off socioeconomic quintile (1.00), there was a linear gradient on incidence rates: 1.36 (1.25 to 1.46), 1.61 (1.49 to 1.74), 1.86 (1.72 to 2.01), 2.94 (2.74 to 3.16) from Q2 to Q5, respectively. Slum dwellers were associated with an incidence rate of 14.3 (13.4 to 15.4).ConclusionsThe distribution of the epidemic is socially conditioned. Slum dwellers are at a much higher risk than the rest of the community. Slum dwellers should not be considered just another risk category but an entirely different reality that requires policies tailored to their needs.

scholarly journals Safety and reliability of the personal bus carriages in integrated municipal system of traffic and public transport management - analysis of literature

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 246-251
Author(s):  
Paweł Woś ◽  
Jacek Michalski
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Safety And Reliability ◽  
Key Indicators ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
The Eu

The article analyzes the city's logistics development strategies and its public transport, especially bus traffic. Statistical analysis of all road transport in the European Union (EU) has been carried out. The most important reasons for the tragic road accidents in Poland have been mixed up. Key elements of active safety and passive safety of buses and road safety were analyzed. Characterized key indicators of road safety in the EU and the probability of bus incidents. The impact on the ecology of the city of road transport was analyzed in terms of the significance of exhaust emissions of various bus designs and emissions of other pollutants.

THE ENVIRONMENT OF RESIDENCE EFFECT ON THE NUTRITION BEHAVIOR OF CHILDREN AGED 10-12 YEARS

2018 ◽  
Vol XX (6) ◽  
pp. 212-217
Author(s):  
Anna Platta
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
New Products ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Attitude Survey ◽  
Nutritional Behavior ◽  
Nutrition Behavior ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Knowledge And Acceptance

The aim of the study was to assess the impact of the living environment on the nutritional behavior of children aged 10-12. There was used an auditory method. Questionnaires were filled in by 100 children residing in the countryside and in the city. The Food Attitude Survey (FAS-R) method had been used to assess the knowledge and acceptance of 20 food products presented in the study by children. The conclusion was formulated as follows: children from villages more often than their peers living in the city eat between meals some products with health-promoting properties. The results obtained can be used in the design and marketing phase of new products for children and adolescents. The article has a research nature.

scholarly journals The impact of coordinated policies on air pollution emissions from road transportation in China

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 30-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Natsuo Kishimoto ◽  
Valerie J. Karplus ◽  
Min Zhong ◽  
Eri Saikawa ◽  
Xu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Road Transportation ◽  
Pollution Emissions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Air Pollution Emissions

scholarly journals Quantifying the health impacts of eliminating air pollution emissions in the City of Boston

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 094017
Author(s):  
Matthew Raifman ◽  
Armistead G Russell ◽  
T Nash Skipper ◽  
Patrick L Kinney
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Health Impacts ◽  
Pollution Emissions ◽  
The City ◽  
Air Pollution Emissions

scholarly journals The School Library as An Active Support for Educational Achievements: A Survey Led in Secondary Schools

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Azzedine Bouderbane ◽  
Bentayeb Zineb
Keyword(s):  
School Library ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
School Libraries ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Educational Achievements ◽  
The World ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Several things have been said in the field of pedagogy. But, this does not prevent the appearance of new educational concepts. The world of pedagogy has practically no limit. In our study, we attempted to identify the impact that school libraries could have on educational achievements. The statement of the problem was strengthened by two main questions: Could school libraries play a fundamental role in improving educational achievements? Could school libraries integrate their resources as pedagogical supports in the educational process? In our visits to thirty school libraries in the city of Constantine, we were able to conduct a descriptive study and collect interesting data that we analyzed through a qualitative approach. Significant results were obtained. The latter globally showed via several indicators that the school library, on the one hand, contributed concretely to educational achievements, and, on the other hand, played an efficient role in the learning process by providing a variety of supports and services to the users.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 outbreak by income: hitting hardest the most deprived

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 698-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Miguel Baena-Díez ◽  
María Barroso ◽  
Sara Isabel Cordeiro-Coelho ◽  
Jorge L Díaz ◽  
María Grau
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Study ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
European Population ◽  
P Value ◽  
Socioeconomic Gradient ◽  
Health Strategy ◽  
Income Data ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Abstract Background The impact of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has many facets. This ecological study analysed age-standardized incidence rates by economic level in Barcelona. Methods We evaluated confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Barcelona (Spain) between 26 February 2020 and 19 April 2020. Districts were classified according to most recent (2017) mean income data. The reference for estimating age-standardized cumulative incidence rates was the 2018 European population. The association between incidence rate and mean income by district was estimated with the Spearman rho. Results The lower the mean income, the higher the COVID-19 incidence (Spearman rho = 0.83; P value = 0.003). Districts with the lowest mean income had the highest incidence of COVID-19 per 10 000 inhabitants; in contrast, those with the highest income had the lowest incidence. Specifically, the district with the lowest income had 2.5 times greater incidence of the disease, compared with the highest-income district [70 (95% confidence interval 66–73) versus 28 (25–31), respectively]. Conclusions The incidence of COVID-19 showed an inverse socioeconomic gradient by mean income in the 10 districts of the city of Barcelona. Beyond healthcare for people with the disease, attention must focus on a health strategy for the whole population, particularly in the most deprived areas.

scholarly journals Psychophysiological state of children in conditions of informatization of their life activity and intensification of education

2019 ◽  
Vol 95 (12) ◽  
pp. 1183-1188 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. R. Kuchma ◽  
Elena A. Tkachuk ◽  
I. Yu. Tarmaeva
Keyword(s):  
Personal Development ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Psychophysiological State ◽  
Health And Development ◽  
Resistance To Stress ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Attention Level ◽  
Different Levels

The transition to a new stage of the development - the information society is an objective reality and has an influence on all areas of the activity of the society, including the establishment of a child as an object of the hygienic research. In conditions of the general informatization of the society, the appearance of so-called “clip thinking,” explains the maladjustment of educational technologies to mechanisms of children ’ and teenagers ’perception and is confirmed by the growth of the school pathology and the gain in the morbidity rate. In the investigation on the example of the educational institutions of Irkutsk it was executed the evaluation of the impact of the intensification of informatization of education and personal development. For the investigation there were formed 2 groups ofpreschools with different levels of informatization in the same preschool institution of the central district of the city of Irkutsk but in different periods of time. In total there were observed 211 children aged of 5.5 to 6.5 years. For the study the influence of the intensification (and informatization of training there were formed 2 groups of small schoolchildren with different levels of intensification (and informatization) of education. The total number of cases accountedfor 465 children aged of 7-9 years. There were suggested methodical approaches to the estimation of the health status of the children, with taking into account the inevitable influence offactors of informatization and the intensification of education. The performed investigations have allowed to reveal the following tendencies in the shaping of the psychophysical state of health and development of children: an increase of level of informatization of education and personal and accomplishment; intensification of learning working; reduction of the attention level; imagination and visual divergence; capability to the linear differentiation and construction of inferences; fear to fail to meet the expectations of surrounding people and low resistance to stress; the increase speed of data processing along with fall in quality; the gain in hyperactivity.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF VEHICLE EMISSIONS ON THE ATMOSPHERE OF THE CITY OF VORONEZH AND THEIR MINIMIZATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 938 (1) ◽  
pp. 012011
Author(s):  
V. Ya. Manokhin ◽  
M. V. Manokhin
Keyword(s):  
Fine Particles ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Flow Density ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Abstract The paper considers the emissions of pollutants from road transport, in the total air pollution they make up 70 % on the example of a particular metropolis. The highway is considered as a linear source consisting of single point sources of pollution. Special attention is paid to suspended fine particles in the solid phase. It is determined that when assessing the level of environmental pollution, it is important to take into account not only the total number of vehicles, but also the ratio of cars of different categories, since they, having different emission factors, supply unequal volumes (mass) exhaust gas components. The variability of the traffic flow density on the streets of six administrative districts of Voronezh and the complexity of zoning the city territory because of three-year monitoring were established. It is proposed to place accounting points on streets that differ in their status in the general transport network of the city in order to obtain reliable data during the monitoring period [11]. The simulation of diffusion movements and migrations of solid-phase air pollutants of roadside territories is carried out. The model of diffusive displacements and migrations of heavy metals is considered in relation only to passive contaminants. The choice is implemented and the method of studying the level of dustiness of motor transport roads is recommended, which allows fixing dust particles from 0.1 microns to 250 microns in the air. An algorithm of an improved system for monitoring the content of fine dust in the atmosphere of a residential zone is proposed. [16]. To minimize the emission of suspended substances, a two-stage emission purification system consisting of a gas-liquid absorber and a catalytic adsorber is proposed.

scholarly journals Raman lidars for a better understanding of pollution in the Arctic System (PARCS)

2018 ◽  
Vol 176 ◽  
pp. 04005
Author(s):  
Chazette Patrick ◽  
Raut Jean-Christophe ◽  
Totems Julien ◽  
Shang Xiaoxia ◽  
Caudoux Christophe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Doppler Radar ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Gas Drilling ◽  
The North ◽  
System Project ◽  
Pollution Emissions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Air Pollution Emissions ◽  
Lidar Observations

The development of oil and gas drilling and the opening of new shipping routes, in the Barents and Norway seas, poses new challenges for the Arctic environment due to the impact of air pollution emissions on climate and air quality. To improve our knowledge of the interactions between aerosols, water vapor and cloud cover, within the French PARCS (Pollution in the ARCtic System) project, Raman lidar observations were performed from the ground and from an ultra-light aircraft near the North Cape in northern Norway, and coupled with measurements from a 95 GHz ground-based Doppler radar.

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