ETHIOLOGY OF PURULENT INFLAMMATORY PROCESSES IN THE GENITAL TRACT: SUSPICIONS OF CLINICISTS AND PROBLEMS OF LABORATORY CONFIRMATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 328-331
Author(s):  
D. A. Oborin ◽  
N. V. Nikolaeva ◽  
A. P. Godovalov ◽  
T. I. Karpunina
Keyword(s):  
Genital Tract ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Sufficient Information ◽  
Gonococcal Infection ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Study Laboratory

Despite the long history of the study, laboratory diagnosis of gonococcal infection remains a complex task that does not have a clearly regulated effective solution. Aim of investigation was to assess the species diversity of the microbiota of the genital tract of men and women with suspected acute genital gonococcal infection (AGGI) using test systems of Russian manufacturers. A study of samples of the contents of the urethra of 69 men and posterior vaginal fornix fluids of 33 women of reproductive age with characteristic clinical manifestations and a presumptive diagnosis of AGGI was made. Cultivation was carried out using elective culture media with subsequent identification of strains by biochemical properties. Detection of DNA of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Enterobacteriaceae, Gardnerella vaginalis, Atopobium vaginae, Lactobacillus spp. performed by PCR using Vektor-Best and InterLab Service kits (Russia). All patients were divided into groups according to the results of the bacteriological method and PCR. A metagenomic study of 16S ribosomal RNA samples was performed on the Illumina MiSeq platform using the MiSeq Reagent Kits v3 kit (600-Cycle Kit). Statistical analysis of the data was performed using criterion x2. As a result of a laboratory study, the presumptive clinical diagnosis of «AGGI» found its bacteriological confirmation in 35.3% of cases only, among which fragments of the N. gonorrhoeae genome were detected in 63.9% of the samples only. Moreover, a wide variety of microorganisms in the genital tract of both men and women was found in metagenomic analysis. However, this technique does not allow us to assess the viability of the detected bacteria, and the microflora spectrum is excessively wide. In addition, the high level of genetic polymorphism of different strains of N. gonorrhoeae complicates the interpretation of the results. Deciphering the composition of microbiota allows the use of InterLab Service kits. The decoding of the etiology of purulent-inflammatory processes in the genital tract, which presents serious difficulties, is greatly facilitated by the use of Russian kits for molecular genetic analysis, which, in our opinion, provide the necessary and sufficient information for practice.

USE OF FEMOFLOR-16 TEST TO ASSESS GENITAL BIOCENOSIS IN WOMEN WITH INFLAMMATORY AND PROLIFERATIVE DISEASES OF CERVIX

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (61) ◽  
pp. 90-95
Author(s):  
Иевлева ◽  
Nadezhda Ievleva ◽  
Пермина ◽  
Natalya Permina ◽  
Ивахнишина ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genital Tract ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Women ◽  
Opportunistic Bacteria ◽  
Obligate Anaerobic ◽  
Atopobium Vaginae

Qualitative and quantitative assessment of microbes making the microbiocenosis of genital tract in women with inflammatory and proliferative diseases of cervix using Femoflor-16 test was the aim of the research. Scrapings of cervix and vaginal fornix in 100 women of reproductive age with cervicitis, vaginitis and in 31 women with cervical pseudoerosion (ectropion) were studied. The control group consisted of 35 relatively healthy women preparing for pregnancy. Cervical and vaginal dysbiosis was found in women with inflammatory diseases of cervix in 37.0% of cases, in women with pseudoerosion in 32.2% of cases. These are 3.3 (р<0.005) and 2.8 (р<0.02) times as much as in the group of healthy women preparing for pregnancy (11.1%). Dysbiosis structure was represented primarily by obligate anaerobic agents such as Gardnerella vaginalis, Atopobium vaginae, Eubacterium spp. in association with other opportunistic bacteria that are clinically most significant microorganisms colonizing female genital tract. Mycoplasma and yeast-like fungi of Candida species were found primarily with anaerobes. Aerobic and mixed dysbiosis were only found in 7% of cases in women with inflammatory diseases. Femoflor-16 test is a readily available, fast, efficient, up-to-date method enabling one to begin with early adequate antibacterial therapy and monitor it.

LOWER GENITAL TRACT INFECTIONS OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE WOMEN AT HUE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 102-107
Author(s):  
Nhut Nguyen Tien ◽  
Huong Le Lam
Keyword(s):  
Genital Tract ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Genital Infections ◽  
Reproductive Age Women ◽  
Lower Genital Tract ◽  
Genital Tract Infections ◽  
Tract Infections

Introduction: Lower genital tract infections is one of the most common deseases among women in reproductive age and affects the quality of their lives. Objective: To assess the status of lower genital tract infections in reproductive age women and some factors related to vaginosis. Subjects and methods: Crosssectional study of 130 coming for examination at Hue University Hospital from August 2016 to December 2016. Results: The incidence of lower genital infections was 72.3%, with: vaginitis was 34%, vaginitis was 25.5%, vaginitis and cervical was 40.5%. Fungal infection is 20.2%, Gardnerella vaginalis infection is 33%, Parasitic infection is 0%. There is a signification relation between hygiene habits, inflammatory history and numbers of pregnancies with the rates of lower genital infections. There is not a signification relation between history of used contraceptive with lower genital infections. Conclusion: Lower genital tract infections are high percentage among women in reproductive age. There is a signification relation between hygiene habits, inflammatory history and numbers of pregnancies with the rates of lower genital infections. Key words: Women, reproductive age, lower genital tract infections

scholarly journals Peculiarities of microbiological monitoring in the pathological status of the vegina and cervix in women of reproductive age

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-167
Author(s):  
N.P. Dzis
Keyword(s):  
Genital Tract ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Vaginal Candidiasis ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Gynecological Examination ◽  
Cervical Cyst

Vulvovaginal and cervical infections are a risk factor of developing purulent inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs, miscarriage, antenatal and intranatal infections, with frequent pathogens Ureaplasma, Mycoplasma, Gardnerella vaginalis, Bacterioides. Particular importance is given to the mix-infection as a reservoir of a large number of different potentially harmful microorganisms. The purpose of our study was to study the specific composition of microorganisms in women of reproductive age with pathological secretions from the genital tract and to determine the incidence of genitalurea / mycoplasmosis. 54 patients of reproductive age with complaint on itch, heartburn, excessive secretions from the non-slippery genital tract and / or with an unpleasant smell, which were repeated 2 or more times during the year after the treatment, were examined. During gynecological examination, the following diseases were detected in patients: erosion of the cervix in 8 (14.8%) patients, cervicitis in 6 (11.1%), cervical cyst in 2 (3.7%) women, leukoplakia in 3 (5,55%) of the surveyed. According to the results of bacterioscopy, bacterial vaginosis was detected in 4 (7.4%) patients, unspecified bacterial colpitis — 28 (51.8%), vaginal candidiasis — in 17 (31.5%). In cytological screening, CIN I was diagnosed in 9 (16.6%) subjects, CIN II in 4 (7.4%). Analyzing the results of the study conducted by the polymerase chain reaction of HPV-infection was found in 8 (14,8%), ureaplasma — in 14 (25,9%), mycoplasma — in 6 (11,1%) patients. Staphylococcus aureus 105 — 4 (7.4%), Staphylococcus epidermidis 103 — 1 (1.8%), E. coli 105 — 7 (12.9%), Enterococcus, were detected during bacteriological examination of vaginal and cervical extracts. Fecalis 106 — 9 (16.6%), Candida albicans 105 — 6 (11.1%), Clebsiela 106 — 3 (5.5%), Gardnerella vaginalis 107 —11 (20.3%), Streptococcus 106 — 5 (9.2%). Thus, diagnosed high percentage (22.2%) ureaplasmas combination with other types of conditional — pathogenic microorganisms and viruses and cervical pathology (13%), namely the combination of ureaplasma pathogenic microflora was observed in 8 (14.8%) cases of HPV — 6 (11.1%), with mycoplasma, and pathogenic microflora — 5 (9.3%) patients. In general, 35.2% of cases. Assessing the infection of reproductive age women ureaplasma and mycoplasma less with recurrent abnormal discharge from the genital tract after treatment leads to the search and introduction of modern methods of their diagnosis and treatment.

scholarly journals Moraxella osloensis as a part of genital tract microbiota in infertility: incidental findings or pathology markers?

2021 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-35
Author(s):  
A. P. Godovalov ◽  
N. S. Karpunina ◽  
T. I. Karpunina
Keyword(s):  
Culture Media ◽  
Married Couples ◽  
Illumina Miseq ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Gonococcal Infection ◽  
Moraxella Osloensis ◽  
Metagenomic Study ◽  
Miseq Platform

Aim. To assess the potential role of M. osloensis in genital microbiota of infertile males and females..Materials and methods. Samples from men’s urethra and women’s posterior vaginal fornix in barren couples of the reproductive age were examined. Cultivation was carried out using elective culture media with subsequent identification of strains by biochemical properties. A metagenomic study of 16S ribosomal RNA samples was performed on the Illumina MiSeq platform using the MiSeq Reagent Kits v3 kit (600-Cycle Kit).Results. Metagenomic study of samples from genital tracts of barren married couples, as well as from patients with suspected «acute genital gonococcal infection» demonstrated that all samples (100%) contained fragments of the Moraxella spp. genome, mostly in a huge amount, among which M. osloensis occupied leading positions. In women, the proportion of M. osloensis was twice as large as in men (25.3 ± 9.0 and 11.7 ± 9.3%, respectively). A high frequency of association of M. osloensis with other opportunistic pathogens, G. vaginalis and E. faecalis in particular, was established. It appears that M. osloensis can contribute to development of asymptomatic inflammatory process. Moreover, the constant presence of moraxellas in the microbiota during gonococcal infection may indicate their certain pathogenetic activity, and the synergistic nature of the relationship between M. osloensis and N. gonorrhoeae.Conclusion. We assume that it is M. osloensis that forms the consortia determining pathosymbiocenosis in the reproductive organs. In this context, we propose to consider a decrease in fertility with a steadily established symbiocenosis, including moraxella, as an indicative condition for this pathology, and M. osloensis as its marker.

Clinical and anamnestic characteristics of patients with adenomyosis, accompanied by pelvic pain syndrome

GYNECOLOGY ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 77-80
Author(s):  
M R Orazov ◽  
V E Radzinsky ◽  
M B Khamoshina ◽  
A O Dukhin ◽  
L R Toktar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pelvic Pain ◽  
Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Pelvic Pain Syndrome ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
History Of

Pelvic pain syndrome associated with adenomyosis is a common disease in women of reproductive age. Frequency of detection in the population varies from 10 to 53%. The aim - to study the clinical and anamnestic risk factors of pelvic pain, with adenomiose. Materials and methods. The study included 120 (n=120) patients with diffuse adenomyosis with pain and painless form of the disease who underwent examination and treatment in the gynecological Department of the Central clinical hospital №6 of Russian Railways in Moscow. Each patient was provided with an individual card, which was encrypted 171 sign. The studied parameters reflected the passport and anthropometric data, information about education, social status, presence of occupational hazards, complaints, illness. Results. Burdened gynecological and somatic histories, manifested a low health index, a more pronounced hereditary a family history of neoplastic diseases are contributing factors, and high prevalence of postponed surgeries, chronic, long-term ongoing inflammatory processes of the pelvic organs to create a favorable background for the further progression of chronic pelvic pain syndrome in adenomiose.

Cesarean scar defects: diagnosis and treatment in non-pregnant women

GYNECOLOGY ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
Sergey A. Martynov
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Conservative Therapy ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Subsequent Pregnancy ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Pregnancy And Childbirth

The aim of the review was to summarize information on clinical manifestations, diagnostic features, as well as methods for correction of scar defects after cesarean section (CS) outside pregnancy. Lack of the scar after CS, niche, isthmocele are a myometrium defect in the area of scar after CS, which is most often detected by ultrasound, sonohysterography or magnetic resonance imaging and is manifested by postmenstrual bleeding from the genital tract. In some cases, it can cause menorrhagia, dyspareunia, pelvic pain, infertility, uterine rupture during subsequent pregnancy and childbirth. Conservative therapy or surgical treatment with laparoscopy, laparotomy or vaginal approach is carried out depending on the symptoms, size of the defect, the thickness of the residual myometrium, as well as the womans reproductive plans.

CLINICAL CASE OF SUCCESSFUL TREATMENT OF INFERTILITY IN A PATIENT WITH FAILURE IVF RESULTS IN ANAMNESIS

2020 ◽  
pp. 61-67
Author(s):  
Kalinkina O.B. ◽  
Tezikov Yu.V. ◽  
Lipatov I.S. ◽  
Aravina O.R.
Keyword(s):  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Transvaginal Ultrasound ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Clinical Situation ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Number Of Publications

Genital endometriosis is a disease of women of reproductive age, accompanied by infertility in 50% [1]. Adenomyosis can be considered as an endometriosis of the uterus. Histologically, this process is represented by ectopic, non-tumor endometrial glands, and stroma surrounded by hypertrophic and hyperplastic myometrium [2]. Adenomyosis is accompanied by pelvic pain of varying intensity as well as menstrual disorders [1]. The disease is accompanied by significant violations of reproductive function (infertility, unsuccessful attempts at pregnancy and miscarriage, abnormal uterine bleeding). Adenomyosis can be accompanied by a violation of the function of adjacent organs (such as the bladder, rectum). Often, one of the clinical manifestations of adenomyosis is the development of sideropenic syndrome, which is also caused by the development of chronic post-hemorrhagic iron deficiency anemia. This is accompanied by a deterioration in the general condition of patients, a decrease in their ability to work. Despite a large number of publications in Russian and foreign scientific sources devoted to this problem, reproductive doctors and obstetricians-gynecologists often underestimate the role of adenomyosis in pregnancy planning using assisted reproductive technologies. Without interpreting the anamnesis data obtained through an active survey, doctors do not prescribe additional methods for diagnosing this pathology, which is not complex and expensive. To confirm the diagnosis, a transvaginal ultrasound examination of the pelvic organs during the premenstrual period is sufficient. In cases that are difficult to diagnose, the MRI method of the corresponding anatomical area can be used. Underestimation of the clinical picture and under-examination of the patient did not allow prescribing timely correction of the pathology and led to unsuccessful attempts to implement the generative function using assisted reproductive technologies. The conducted examination with clarification of the cause of IVF failures and the prescribed reasonable treatment made it possible to achieve regression of endometriosis foci in this clinical situation, followed by the patient's ability to realize generative function.

scholarly journals Transcriptomic Data Analysis Reveals a Down-Expression of Galectin-8 in Schizophrenia Hippocampus

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 973
Author(s):  
Maria Cristina Petralia ◽  
Rosella Ciurleo ◽  
Alessia Bramanti ◽  
Placido Bramanti ◽  
Andrea Saraceno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Antipsychotic Agents ◽  
Standards Of Care ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Healthy Donors ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Disease Specific

Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a severe psychiatric disorder with several clinical manifestations that include cognitive dysfunction, decline in motivation, and psychosis. Current standards of care treatment with antipsychotic agents are often ineffective in controlling the disease, as only one-third of SCZ patients respond to medications. The mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of SCZ remain elusive. It is believed that inflammatory processes may play a role as contributing factors to the etiology of SCZ. Galectins are a family of β-galactoside-binding lectins that contribute to the regulation of immune and inflammatory responses, and previous reports have shown their role in the maintenance of central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis and neuroinflammation. In the current study, we evaluated the expression levels of the galectin gene family in post-mortem samples of the hippocampus, associative striatum, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex from SCZ patients. We found a significant downregulation of LGALS8 (Galectin-8) in the hippocampus of SCZ patients as compared to otherwise healthy donors. Interestingly, the reduction of LGALS8 was disease-specific, as no modulation was observed in the hippocampus from bipolar nor major depressive disorder (MDD) patients. Prediction analysis identified TBL1XR1, BRF2, and TAF7 as potential transcription factors controlling LGALS8 expression. In addition, MIR3681HG and MIR4296 were negatively correlated with LGALS8 expression, suggesting a role for epigenetics in the regulation of LGALS8 levels. On the other hand, no differences in the methylation levels of LGALS8 were observed between SCZ and matched control hippocampus. Finally, ontology analysis of the genes negatively correlated with LGALS8 expression identified an enrichment of the NGF-stimulated transcription pathway and of the oligodendrocyte differentiation pathway. Our study identified LGALS8 as a disease-specific gene, characterizing SCZ patients, that may in the future be exploited as a potential therapeutic target.

scholarly journals Identifying Risk Factors for Lower Reproductive Tract Infections among Women Using Reusable Absorbents in Odisha, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4778
Author(s):  
Padmalaya Das ◽  
Danielle Lisnek ◽  
Krushna Chandra Sahoo ◽  
Shalini Sinha ◽  
JyotiRanjan Mohanty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Reproductive Tract Infections ◽  
Menstrual Hygiene ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Study Laboratory

A large proportion of women in Odisha, India, use reusable absorbents to manage their menstruation. Yet, the risk factors for lower reproductive tract infections (RTIs) related to menstrual hygiene management (MHM) have not been studied among reusable absorbent users. Women of reproductive age attending one of two hospitals from two different cities in Odisha during two separate study intervals were recruited for the study. Laboratory diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis (BV) and vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) were conducted. A questionnaire was used to collect information on MHM practices, water, sanitation, and socio-demographic factors. Among the 509 women who used reusable absorbents, 71.7% were diagnosed with at least one infection. After adjusting for confounders, women with BV were more likely to identify as being a housewife (aOR: 1.8 (1.1–2.9)). Frequent absorbent changing was protective against BV (aOR: 0.5 (0.3–0.8)), whereas frequent body washing increased the odds of BV (aOR: 1.5 (1.0–2.2)). Women with VVC were more likely to be older (aOR: 1.6 (1.0–2.5)), live below the poverty line (aOR: 1.5 (1.1–2.2)), have a non-private household latrine (aOR: 2.2 (1.3–4.0)), dry their absorbents inside the house (aOR: 3.7 (2.5–4.5)), and store absorbents in the latrine area (aOR: 2.0 (1.3–2.9)). Washing absorbents outside the house was protective against VVC (aOR: 0.7 (0.4–1.0)). This study highlights the importance of improving MHM practices among reusable absorbent users to prevent lower RTIs among women reusing menstrual materials in Odisha.

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