scholarly journals KUFAN HADITH TRANSMITTERS AND GEOPOLITICS IN EARLY PERIOD OF ISLAM

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-236
Author(s):  
Novizal Wendry ◽  
Abdul Majid ◽  
Susilawati Susilawati
Keyword(s):  
Long Range ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Early Time ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
Umayyad Dynasty ◽  
The City

This article discusses the hadith transmitters involvement in Kufa politic dynamic in the early time of Islam Period, which was experiencing a long range of social turmoils. These turmoils occurred from 40 H/661 AD until the end of the Umayyad dynasty in 125 H/743 AD. This article adopts a historical approach to conceive of the dynamic of politics among the hadith transmitters. This research revealed that the hadith transmitters built the city of Kufa. The behavior related to discrimination toward the opponents and the disappointments on the Umayah Dynasty triggered many rebellions such as al-Ḥusayn ibn ‘Alî ibn Abî Ṭâlib, Ibn al-Zubayr, Mukhtâr al-Thaqafî, al-tawwâbûn, and Zayd ibn ‘Alî. These turmoils involved Sa‘d ibn Abî Waqqâṣ and al-Mughîrah ibn Shu‘bah. We argue that the hadith transmitter influenced the hadiths they narrated. Based on the investigation of the two hadith contents that they narrated indicated that they took the side of the Mu‘âwiyah Dynasty and ‘Alî’s followers as the opponents.

scholarly journals Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of tick-borne borreliosis in the Krasnodar Krai

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-11
Author(s):  
M. G. Avdeeva ◽  
D. Yu. Moshkova ◽  
L. P. Blazhnyaya ◽  
V. N. Gorodin ◽  
S. V Zotov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Course Of Disease ◽  
Krasnodar Krai ◽  
Natural Foci ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics ◽  
The City

The purpose of the study the improvement of early diagnostics of Lyme disease on the based of clinical and epidemiological analysis of the main clinical forms of the acute course of the disease in new natural foci in the Krasnodar Krai. Patients and methods. There was analyzed the clinical course of disease and epidemiological data for 207 patients in the early period of acute course of Lyme disease within the period from 2004 to 2013. Results. In the territory of the Krasnodar Krai and the Republic of Adygea there has formed a set of foci of tick-borne borreliosis (TB), i.e. Lyme disease (LD). The infection of cases is observed not only in the natural foci of disease, but also within the city limits. The disease is registered mainly in the erythematous form (74% of patients), non-erythematous form accounts for 26%. The average age of patients was 41,1±1,83, years, males 38%, females 62%. In the non-erythematous form initial clinical symptoms are recorded in average in 11,6 ± 2,20 days after tick suction; in the erythematous form in 6,4 ± 0,70 days ( p

Design of the Digital System about the Fire Safety for Urban Architecture Based on Network

2012 ◽  
Vol 241-244 ◽  
pp. 2606-2610
Author(s):  
Zhong Jiang ◽  
Jin Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Long Range ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
Data Center ◽  
Alarm System ◽  
Urban Architecture ◽  
Fire Alarm ◽  
Interface Module ◽  
Alarm Systems ◽  
The City ◽  
Fire Information

At present, the automatic fire alarm systems on sale were produced by different factories, which resulted in the information not being shared mutually. Furthermore, it was difficult to connect the different fire auto-alarm systems to the same network. They couldn't communicate automatically with the city fire-fight commanding center in time. We designed interface module of automatic fire alarm controller network and interface module of data center network. By using the existing net of PSTN and internet, it could transmit the breakdown information and a fire information of the automatic fire alarm systems to the fire-fight commanding center, the long-range diagnose, the real-time monitor of a fire and the long-range control in the city fire auto-alarm system was realized.

scholarly journals Estimation of the state of the road industry of Voronezh: ways of modernization and modern methods of its development

2018 ◽  
Vol 170 ◽  
pp. 01123
Author(s):  
Alla Polovinkina ◽  
Tatyana Sviridova ◽  
Irina Kuleshova
Keyword(s):  
Long Range ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
The State ◽  
The Road ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Near Future ◽  
The City ◽  
Road System

The paper is dedicated to the estimation of the state of the road economy of Voronezh up to date. The state of the Voronezh road system is analysed, statistical data are given, and the problems of the city transport system are studied. On the basis of all the data obtained, ways to solve existing problems are proposed and long-range programs for the construction of new and reconstruction in operation roads are considered. The complex of works of the improvement state of the road system planned for the near future is described in detail.

scholarly journals Proof of Concept of an IoT-Based Public Vehicle Tracking System, Using LoRa (Long Range) and Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) Services

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Salazar-Cabrera ◽  
Álvaro Pachón de la Cruz ◽  
Juan Manuel Madrid Molina
Keyword(s):  
Long Range ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Intelligent Transportation ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Vehicle Tracking ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
The City ◽  
Vehicle Tracking System

Systems trying to solve mobility issues in cities, such as high levels of accidents and traffic congestion, have been developed worldwide. Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) services focused on urban public transport are an option contributing to solve such issues. A few intermediate cities in the Latin American context have developed some of these ITS services, which are mainly based on a tracking system for public transport vehicles. Such tracking systems have great limitations in terms of coverage, availability, and operational cost. In addition, they are commonly isolated mobility solutions, which cannot be easily integrated with other mobility services in the city because they are not based on an ITS architecture. In order to improve public transportation systems in intermediate cities, we proposed the development of an IoT-based public vehicle tracking system, using LoRa (Long Range) and ITS services. In this research, we developed the proposed system as a proof of concept. We designed and executed some experiments, in order to adjust parameters of the LoRa technology and to test its operation. This article presents the methods we followed for developing the proof-of-concept model, a description of the experiments, and their results. The results lead to conclude that the LoRa technology and an IoT-based system are adequate for implementation of a mobility service such as the one we propose, once important technical restrictions related mainly to Line of Sight (LoS) are considered. Key aspects for implementation were also identified for deploying the service (as a prototype) in the city of Popayán.

scholarly journals Cost Implications of Comorbidity for Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation in Elderly Patients with Multiple Myeloma Using SEER-Medicare

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunjan L. Shah ◽  
Aaron Winn ◽  
Pei-Jung Lin ◽  
Andreas Klein ◽  
Kellie A. Sprague ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Patients ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Early Time ◽  
Cost Of Care ◽  
Late Time ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Comorbidity Burden ◽  
Impact On Survival ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Early Time Period

Comorbidity is more common in older patients and can increase the cost of care by increasing toxicity. Using the SEER-Medicare database from 2000 to 2007, we examined the costs and life-year benefit of Auto-HSCT for MM patients over the age of 65 by evaluating the difference over time relative to comorbidity burden. One hundred ten patients had an Auto-HSCT in the early time period (2000–2003) and 160 in the late time period (2004–2007). Patients were divided by a Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) of 0 or greater than 1 (CCI1+). Median overall survival was 53.5 months for the late time period patients compared to 40.3 months for the early time period patients (p=0.031). Median costs for CCI0 versus CCI1+ in the early period were, respectively, $70,900 versus $72,000 (100 d); $86,100 versus $98,300 (1 yr); and $139,200 versus $195,300 (3 yrs). Median costs for late period were, respectively, $58,400 versus $60,400 (100 d); $86,300 versus $77,700 (1 yr); and $124,400 versus $110,900 (3 yrs). Comorbidity had a significant impact on survival and cost among early time period patients but not among late time period patients. Therefore, older patients with some comorbidities can be considered for Auto-HSCT depending on clinical circumstances.

scholarly journals The city of Harran during the Rashidi and Umayyad eras, a study of its religious, economic, social and scientific conditions From (18 AH to 132 AH / 633 AD - 747 AD)

Twejer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1061-1106
Author(s):  
ARARAT AHMED ALI ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Al Jazeera ◽  
Euphrates River ◽  
Umayyad Dynasty ◽  
Trade Route ◽  
Islamic Civilization ◽  
The City

The city of Harran, one of the ancient and ancient cities in the Euphrates region, is currently located southeast of Turkey at the source of the Balikh River, one of the tributaries of the Euphrates River. / 639 AD, under the leadership of Commander Iyadh bin Ghanem, and he concluded a treaty with them, and the city became affiliated with the Islamic State at the time of the Rashidun Caliph Omar bin Al-Khattab, may God be pleased with him. The city of Harran is one of the distinctive cities in the region of the Euphrates and the state of Islam because it is the city of the Sabian religion, with their sanctuaries, temples and sacred monuments to them. The city emerged after it became a center of rule during the Umayyad dynasty, and it became more prominent when the Umayyad Caliph Marwan II made it the capital of the Umayyad state. Thus, the city of Harran was a different city from the rest of the cities of the Euphrates Island, due to its own religion, namely the Sabian religion, and its difference in social terms from the rest of the neighboring cities because it contained different peoples and languages, and which made it distinctive also its impact on the trade route that was passing through the Euphrates Island as well. Contribution to building Islamic civilization through its scholars. Harran, Al-Sabean, Al-Jazeera, Rashdi, Umayyad.

scholarly journals FENOMENA PASAR KAGET DI KOTA BATAM TAHUN 1980-2015 (Sebuah Tinjauan Historis) PHENOMENON OF A TEMPORARY MARKET IN BATAM YEAR 1980-2015 (An Historical Overview

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tri Tarwiyani ◽  
Arnesih Arnesih ◽  
Novita Mandasari Hutagaol
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
Trading Activity ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Market Town ◽  
Traditional Market ◽  
The City

Pertumbuhan industri di Batam mengakibatkan jumlah penduduk di Batam mengalami peningkatan. Peningkatan jumlah penduduk berdampak kepada permintaan fasilitas kota yang memadai untuk memenuhi kebutuhan penduduk kota Batam. Salah satu fasilitas tersebut adalah tersedianya pasar, sebagai tempat pemenuhan kebutuhan pokok seperti sandang dan pangan. Fenomena yang muncul di Batam adalah berkembangnya pasar kaget sebagai salah satu jenis pasar tradisional yang  ada hampir diseluruh kecamatan, perumahan yang ada di kota Batam. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sejarah dan berkembangnya pasar kaget di Batam tahun 1980 hingga tahun 2015. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif historis dengan pendekatan sosial ekonomi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode sejarah yang mencakup heuristik (pengumpulan sumber), kritik sumber, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh pasar kaget telah ada di Batam sejak tahun 1990, berawal dari aktivitas jual beli di pelabuhan yang kemudian berkembang menjadi pasar kaget. Pasar kaget merupakan pasar yang tidak mendapatkan izin beroperasi (illegal) dari Dinas Pasar kota Batam. Berkembangnya pasar kaget akibat harga bahan pokok yang dijual lebih murah dibandingkan pasar tradisional lainnya. Kata Kunci: Kota Batam, Pasar Kaget, Pasar TradisionalIndustrial growth in Batam resulted in a population increase. The increase of population impacts on demand for extra facilities to meet Batam citizen needs. One such facility is the availability of the market, as the fulfillment of basic needs such as food and clothing. The phenomenon that appears in Batam is a growing market in shock as one of the traditional market in nearly all districts, housing in the city of Batam. The purpose of this study is to know the history and development of shock market in Batam from 1980 to 2015. This study is a qualitative study of historical approach to social and economic. The method used is the historical method that includes heuristics (collection of sources), source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. Based on the results obtained surprised the market has been in Batam since 1990, started from the trading activity in the harbor which later evolved into shock market. Shocked the market is a market that did not get permission to operate (illegal) from the Office of the market town of Batam. The growing market shock due to the price of basic commodities are sold cheaper than other traditional markets.Keywords: Batam city, shocked the market, traditional market

scholarly journals Global convergence of COVID-19 basic reproduction number and estimation from early-time SIR dynamics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel G. Katul ◽  
Assaad Mrad ◽  
Sara Bonetti ◽  
Gabriele Manoli ◽  
Anthony J. Parolari
Keyword(s):  
Global Convergence ◽  
Basic Reproduction Number ◽  
Reproduction Number ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Early Time ◽  
World Health ◽  
Potential Control ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Early Phases

AbstractThe SIR (‘susceptible-infectious-recovered’) formulation is used to uncover the generic spread mechanisms observed by COVID-19 dynamics globally, especially in the early phases of infectious spread. During this early period, potential controls were not effectively put in place or enforced in many countries. Hence, the early phases of COVID-19 spread in countries where controls were weak offer a unique perspective on the ensemble-behavior of COVID-19 basic reproduction number Ro. The work here shows that there is global convergence (i.e. across many nations) to an uncontrolled Ro = 4.5 that describes the early time spread of COVID-19. This value is in agreement with independent estimates from other sources reviewed here and adds to the growing consensus that the early estimate of Ro = 2.2 adopted by the World Health Organization is low. A reconciliation between power-law and exponential growth predictions is also featured within the confines of the SIR formulation. Implications for evaluating potential control strategies from this uncontrolled Ro are briefly discussed in the context of the maximum possible infected fraction of the population (needed for assessing health care capacity) and mortality (especially in the USA given diverging projections). Model results indicate that if intervention measures still result in Ro> 2.7 within 49 days after first infection, intervention is unlikely to be effective in general for COVID-19. Current optimistic projections place mortality figures in the USA in the range of 100,000 fatalities. For fatalities to be confined to 100,000 requires a reduction in Ro from 4.5 to 2.7 within 17 days of first infection assuming a mortality rate of 3.4%.

scholarly journals SPOŁECZNY KOMITET ODNOWY ZABYTKÓW KRAKOWA: GENEZA, DOŚWIADCZENIA, PROGRAM

2017 ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
Bogusław Krasnowolski
Keyword(s):  
Early Time ◽  
World Heritage Site ◽  
Political Transformation ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
Strategic Goals ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The City ◽  
Cover Up

The Committee (acronym: SKOZK) was established in 1978, following listing Krakow as a world heritage site. It fulfilled expectations from the past, when heritage assets were damaged by industrial pollution and state ideology curtailed financing of works on sacred and private grounds.An undoubted strength of the early time was the recognition of Krakow heritage protection as a matter of state importance, while the domination of political circumstances remained a weakness.The political transformation of 1989/90 changed the environment: SKOZK was now dominated by heritage preservation milieus, and members were appointed by the President of the Republic of Poland, and his Chancellery provided a major part of financial means. As grants generally cover up to 50% of the cost, the fund has a stimulating role as beneficiaries need to find sources for matching funds. Since 1990, the Committee’s activity has concentrated on the most valuable complexes: Wawel, the historical centre of the city, former town of Kazimierz with Jewish quarter, and the most treasurable enclaves situated on the outskirts of the city.Achievements of SKOZK include development of a model for cooperation between private (NGO) and public (central and territorial authorities) sectors, definition of strategic goals, and a priority of the ensuing tasks.

Little Worlds in Motion: Mobility and Space in the Osterie of Early Modern Venice

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 96-117
Author(s):  
Rosa Salzberg
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Modern City ◽  
Cultural Exchanges ◽  
Close Study ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Early Modern Venice ◽  
The City

Abstract The inns, or osterie, of early modern Venice were located at the heart of the city, which was one the most important hubs of mobility and travel between Europe and the Mediterranean. Close study of the locations, structures, and interiors of the inns shows how they featured centrally in both the long-range itineraries of travelers and migrants as well as smaller-scale circulations of local residents around the city. The intersection of these various trajectories in the space of the inn led to a rich array of social, economic, and cultural exchanges, but also to moments of tension and conflict. As such, a focus on the osterie illuminates the experience of being on the move in this period as well as demonstrating how mobility fundamentally shaped, and was shaped by, the early modern city and its spaces.

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