Alcohol, Children, and Adolescents

2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol J. Loveland-Cherry
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Intervention Studies ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Primary Focus

Alcohol use in children and adolescents continues to be a major health concern. There is a rich literature on correlates and antecedents of alcohol use in children and adolescents, and concerted efforts have been made to develop, implement, and evaluate intervention strategies. This chapter provides a review of the intervention studies to prevent alcohol use in these groups. The interventions are categorized by their primary focus: school, family, and community. The studies were limited to those with either an experimental or a quasi-experimental design and published results.

A comparative study of the efficacy of intervention strategies on student electricity use in campus residence halls

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 503-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison K. Wisecup ◽  
Dennis Grady ◽  
Richard A. Roth ◽  
Julio Stephens
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Residence Halls ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Residence Hall ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Electricity Use ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Energy Dashboard

Purpose The purpose of this study was to determine whether, and how, electricity consumption by students in university residence halls were impacted through three intervention strategies. Design/methodology/approach The current investigation uses a quasi-experimental design by exposing freshman students in four matched residence halls and the use of three different interventions designed to encourage energy conservation, specifically electricity conservation. A control residence hall received no intervention. One residence hall had an energy dashboard prominently displayed. Another received various communications and programming designed to raise awareness of the need for energy conservation. A fourth residence hall had an energy dashboard and received programming. Electricity consumption among the residence halls was compared using multivariate analysis. Findings Students in all residence halls receiving interventions demonstrated significantly lower electricity consumption compared to the control residence hall. Across two years with different student populations, results were consistent: the residence hall receiving only the communications and programming, but not the dashboard, had the lowest electricity use. The residence hall with only the dashboard also demonstrated a significant but smaller decline in electricity use. Curiously, the residence hall wherein both interventions were used demonstrated the smallest decline in electricity use. Practical implications While total costs for the communications and programming are difficult to accurately assess, the results suggest that this approach is cost-effective when compared to the avoided cost of electricity and is superior in terms of electricity cost savings to both the dashboards and to the combined intervention. Results also suggest that any intervention is likely to induce a large enough electricity reduction to be cost-effective and there may be non-economic benefits as well. Originality/value This study takes advantage of the availability of four “matched” residence halls to approximate the rigor of a controlled quasi-experimental design to compare different strategies for inducing electricity consumption among freshman residents.

scholarly journals Alcohol use among medicine and law students in Poland

2015 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-188
Author(s):  
Wiktor Suchy ◽  
Agnieszka Gaczkowska ◽  
Adam Pawelczyk ◽  
Piotr Pukacki ◽  
Robert Chudzik
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
General Public ◽  
Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Law Students ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Drinking Habits ◽  
Two Cities

Introduction. Alcohol, together with drug use such as marijuana, is a major health concern that may influence the life of both doctors and medicine students. It is therefore important to investigate their habits associated with those hazardous behaviors.Material and methods. A voluntary survey containing 12 questions regarding their drinking habits and marijuana use was sent to law and medicine students from two cities in Poland, Poznan and Lublin. 814 responses were collected and the results were compiled using STATISTICA 10 program.Results. Mean age of alcohol initiation was revealed to be very similar in all groups at below 16 years of age. Although majority of students drink less than once a week (41% male and 65.7% female), men were found to use alcohol much more frequently and in higher quantities than female students. Half of future doctors would stop at the lowest stage on a proposed alcohol intoxication scale, while 11.6% would venture to the highest, third one. Those values for law students were 36.2% and 26%, respectively. 70% of men and 52.9% of women have tried marijuana. Majority of them smoke less than once a month, but almost a quarter of law students and 15% of medicine students do it at least once a month.Conclusions. More emphasis should be put on educating future doctors and general public about dangers associated with hazardous drinking and cannabis use. Prevention of such behaviors should be conducted at an age as young as possible.

A Pilot Study on the Efficacy of Volunteer Mentorship for Young Adults With Self-Harm Behaviors Using a Quasi-Experimental Design

Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 415-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yik-Wa Law ◽  
Paul S. F. Yip ◽  
Carmen C. S. Lai ◽  
Chi Leung Kwok ◽  
Paul W. C. Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment As Usual ◽  
Prevention Services ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Volunteer Support

Abstract. Background: Studies have shown that postdischarge care for self-harm patients is effective in reducing repeated suicidal behaviors. Little is known about whether volunteer support can help reduce self-harm repetition and improve psychosocial well-being. Aim: This study investigated the efficacy of volunteer support in preventing repetition of self-harm. Method: This study used a quasi-experimental design by assigning self-harm patients admitted to the emergency departments to an intervention group with volunteer support and treatment as usual (TAU) for 9 months and to a control group of TAU. Outcome measures include repetition of self-harm, suicidal ideation, hopelessness, and level of depressive and anxiety symptoms. Results: A total of 74 cases were recruited (38 participants; 36 controls). There were no significant differences in age, gender, and clinical condition between the two groups at the baseline. The intervention group showed significant improvements in hopelessness and depressive symptoms. However, the number of cases of suicide ideation and of repetition of self-harm episodes was similar for both groups at the postintervention period. Conclusion: Postdischarge care provided by volunteers showed significant improvement in hopelessness and depression. Volunteers have been commonly involved in suicide prevention services. Further research using rigorous methods is recommended for improving service quality in the long term.

Causation and Quasi-Experimental Design

1980 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 772-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
GENE V. GLASS ◽  
J. WILLIAM ASHER
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Quasi Experimental

Playful activities in the learning of geometric notions in children of initial, Callao

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Carla Marilia Ayala Valladares ◽  
Juana Maria Cruz Montero ◽  
Angel Saldarriaga Melgar
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Favorable Effect ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Geometric Shapes ◽  
Geometric Figures ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Probabilistic Sample

The main purpose of the research was to determine the effects of the program of ludic activities for the learning of geometry in children of five years in all their dimensions orientation and location, geometric shapes and measurement, through its components: location in space, identify locations and positions of objects, identify and characterize geometric figures and communicate the qualities of these, likewise identify, classify magnitudes and use various measuring instruments. The type of research was applied, with a quasi-experimental design, the population was constituted by 103 children, and a non-probabilistic sample was used for convenience with a sample of 51 children, divided into two control and experimental groups. The geometry instrument was used to collect information. The favorable effect of the program of playful activities in the learning of geometric notions in children of initial - Callao, 2018 was determined.

PROGRAM BIMBINGAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Ismaniar Ismaniar Ismaniar
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Learning Motivation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Guidance Program ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
11Th Grade

The present study is aimed at developing effective guidance program for increasing student’s learning motivation. The present study applies quantitative research approach with nonequivalent pre-posttest control group quasi-experimental design, and nonrandom-purposive sampling technique. The data were collected using inventory, interview, and documentary study. The study comes up with the main finding that the tested guidance program is proven to be effective for increasing learning motivation students of 11th grade at SMA Kartika XIX-2 Bandung.

MENGEMBANGKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR LOGIS MELALUI PERMAINAN MENCAMPUR WARNA PADA ANAK USIA DINI KELOMPOK 3-4 TAHUN

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 220
Author(s):  
Jeni Kristiana Pattisina ◽  
Komala Komala
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Early Childhood Development ◽  
Childhood Development ◽  
Logical Thinking ◽  
Quasi Experimental

This research is important to develop the ability to think logically groups of 3-4 years. This research develops aspects of early childhood development, namely the ability to think logically. The purpose of this study was to determine the development of the ability to think logically 3-4 years of age through media mixing games. This type of research conducted by researchers is to use Quasi Experimental design with Nonequivalent Group Pretest Posttest Design. The results of the study showed the results of the SPPSS version 22 test get a sig value of 0.616> 0.05, thus Ha was accepted and Ho was rejected. If Ha is accepted then this shows that learning media mixing colors gives an influence on the development of logical thinking of children aged 3-4 years. Through the method of mixing colors in this study the teachers can not only develop the ability to think logically, but also can be done to develop several other aspects of development in children.Penelitian ini penting untuk  mengembangan kemampuan berpikir logis kelompok 3-4 tahun. Penelitian ini mengembangkan aspek perkembangan anak usia dini yaitu  kemampuan berpikir logis. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengembangan kemampuan berpikir logis usia 3-4 tahun melalui media permainan mencampur warna. Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan oleh peneliti adalah menggunakan Quasi Experimental dengan desain jenis Nonequivalent Group Pretest Posttest Design. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan hasil perhitungan uji SPPSS versi 22 tersebut mendapatkan nilai sig 0,616 > 0,05 dengan dengan demikian Ha diterima dan Ho di tolak. Jika Ha diterima maka hal ini menunjukan bahwa media pembelajaran mencampur warna memberikan pengaruh terhadap perkembangan berpikir logis anak usia 3-4 tahun. Melalui metode pencampuran warna dalam penelitian ini para guru tidak hanya dapat mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir logis saja tetapi juga dapat dilakukan untuk mengembangkan beberapa aspek-aspek perkembangan lainnya pada anak 

Enhancing statistical literacy skills through real life activities enriched with gamification elements: An experimental study

2021 ◽  
pp. 204275302098701
Author(s):  
Ünal Çakıroğlu ◽  
Mustafa Güler
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Literacy Skills ◽  
Statistical Literacy ◽  
Instructional Process ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Teaching Statistics

This study attempts to determine whether gamification can be used as a pedagogical technique to overcome the challenges in teaching statistics. A post-test quasi-experimental design was carried out in gamified and non-gamified groups in order to reveal the effect of gamification elements in cultivating students’ statistical literacy skills. Students in gamified group were also interviewed to understand the function of gamification process. The results suggest that; although gamifying the instructional process had a positive impact on developing students’ statistical literacy in medium and high score students; surprisingly the influence of the gamification to the low- achieved scores were not positive. The positive impact was discussed in accordance with the gradual structure of statistical literacy and suggestions for successful gamification applications due to the context were included.

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