Multigenerational Timeline and Understanding of Diabetes and Self-Care

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-77
Author(s):  
Melissa Scollan-Koliopoulos ◽  
Elizabeth A. Walker

Testing the practice–theory multigenerational legacies of diabetes, effects of a family member’s perceptions of the time line and understanding of diabetes on participants’ perceptions of their own diabetes and effect of their own perceptions on self-care were examined. Using a cross-sectional descriptive design, 123 participants completed study instruments by mail. Memories of a family member’s perception of the time line (r = .25, p = .01 ) and understanding of diabetes (r = .32, p = .01) were related; participants’ own perceptions of time line (β = –.24) and understanding (β = .10) accounted for significant variance in dietary adherence, with time line contributing unique variance (R2 = .06, F = 3.3, p = .04). The perceptions were not associated with other self-care behaviors. Findings illuminate effects of time line and understanding of diabetes in patients with family history of diabetes.

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Uzair Abbas ◽  
Bushra Imdad ◽  
Sikander Adil Mughal ◽  
Israr Ahmed Baloch ◽  
Afshan Mehboob Khan ◽  
...  

Abstract Objective MicroRNAs are known to regulate 60% of genes at post translational level. MicroRNAs including Micro RNA-29 family play a vital role in cellular activities and have validate role in numerous metabolic disorders inclusive of diabetes mellitus and its complications. While micro RNA profile changes years before the occurrence of disease. This cross-sectional study was conducted in non-diabetic adults of diabetic and non-diabetic parents to explore the early changes in expression of micro RNA-29 family as it can be served as early biomarker of type 2 diabetes in non-diabetic adults. This study was conducted from January 2019 to January 2021. Micro RNA was extracted from plasma of 50 participants and expression was compared through qPCR. While data was analyzed through SPSS version 21.0. Results 29a and 29b had lower expression in participants with family history of DM compared to those having no family history of DM (P < 0.0001). While micro RNA 29c was found to be significantly higher in participants with positive family history of type 2 diabetes as compared to those without family history of diabetes (P = 0.001).


2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Caroline Mulawi ◽  
Bambang Tridjaja ◽  
Maria Abdulsalam ◽  
Zakiudin Munasir

Background Diabetes mellitus is a common complication in pa-tients with thalassemia major. Iron overload plays an important roleby damaging the pancreatic β-cell and the liver cell, with the con-sequences of insulin deficiency and insulin resistance. Family his-tory of diabetes mellitus is one of the critical factors for the devel-opment of glucose metabolism derangement. However, the patho-genesis of glucose metabolism derangement remains unclear.Objective To evaluate the prevalence of impaired glucose toler-ance, diabetes mellitus, and insulin resistance in patients with β-thalassemia major treated in the Thalassemia Outpatient Clinic,Department of Child Health, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital,Jakarta.Methods This was a descriptive cross sectional study conductedin May 2002. Forty-eight subjects aged 10 to 18 years, grouped bytotal volume of transfusions and family history of diabetes mellitus,underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), serum transfer-rin saturation, and insulin level examinations. Insulin resistancewas calculated from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concen-trations using the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA).Results One of 48 patients (2%) had impaired glucose toleranceat the age of 17 years. Diabetes mellitus occurred in three of 48patients (6%) at the age of 15.5 years in one patient and 18 yearsin two patients. Family history of diabetes mellitus was found in 2patients with diabetes mellitus and in the only one with impairedglucose tolerance. Insulin resistance was not detected in this study.Conclusion The prevalence of glucose metabolism derangementin patients with thalassemia major was low. No insulin resistancewas found in this study


2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasya Aisah Latif ◽  
Yulia Sofiatin ◽  
Maya Kusumawati ◽  
Rully Marsis Amirullah Roesli

Background: Diabetic patients have low sensitivity towards sweet taste, thus consuming more sugar. A young adult with family history of diabetes mellitus (FHD) who lives with diabetic parents may have an increased risk of overconsumption of sugar due to a similar dietary pattern, leading to diabetes. This study aimed to explore the difference in the sweet taste threshold (STT) between students with and without a family history of diabetes mellitus. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in October –November 2018 on Class 2018 medical students living in a student dormitory who were divided into those with family history of diabetes (FHD) and those without it (non-FHD). Family history of diabetes and other known diseases were self-reported. The three-Ascending Forced Choice method was used to determine the sweet recognition threshold. Mann-Whitney analysis was used to compare the sweet taste thresholds between the two groups. Result: A total of 183 subjects participated in this study. The non-FHD group had a higher rank of sweet taste threshold than subjects in the FHD group (94.21 vs 81.16), albeit insignificant (p=0.192). Interestingly, the modes of best estimation threshold (BET) for non-FHD group was than the FHD group (0.067 M vs 0.043 M). Conclusion: The BET for students without family history of diabetes is higher than those with family history of diabetes. It is imperative that low sugar consumption campaign should also aim young people without FHD.


2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Chen ◽  
Donna C Rennie ◽  
James A Dosman

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the joint effect of family history and BMI on diabetes.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingA rural community in Saskatchewan, Canada.SubjectsThe analysis was based on data from 2081 adults, 18–79 years of age, who participated in the Humboldt Study conducted in 2003. Doctor-diagnosed diabetes and family history of diabetes of biological parents and siblings were self-reported. Body weight and height were objectively measured. The interaction of family history and BMI on diabetes was assessed on an additive scale.ResultsThe prevalence of diabetes was 7·9 %, and BMI and history of diabetes were two important predictors. The adjusted prevalence ratios were 1·76 (95 % CI 1·37, 2·27) and 2·59 (95 % CI 2·05, 3·31) for those with a BMI of 25·0–29·9 kg/m2 and of at least 30 kg/m2, respectively, compared with a BMI of less than 25 kg/m2, and was 2·41 (95 % CI 2·08, 2·80) for those with a family history of diabetes v. those without. The data indicated an additive interaction of family history and BMI on diabetes.ConclusionsWhen exposed to both family history and overweight/obesity, individuals would have an increased risk that was greater than the sum of their single effects. Reduction of BMI would also reduce the risk of diabetes associated family history.


2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
Md Yunus Ali ◽  
Maksuda Begum ◽  
Sultan Sobnam Dipu

Objectives: This cross-sectional study was conducted to find out the prevalence of type 2 diabetes and pre-diabetes ((PD) (Impaired fasting glucose-IFG, impaired glucose tolerance-IGT)) and to see the associations with risk factors. Methods: Two villages were randomly selected from rural area of Mymensingh district. 125 study subjects (≥30 years) were selected with systematic procedure but 118 samples were participated in the study. Below 30 years, diagnosed case of diabetes and urban people were excluded from study. Socio-demographic data were collected on a pre-tested interview schedule through face to face interview. DM, PD were interpreted by estimating fasting blood glucose level and 2 hour after 75 gm glucose load. Obesity was assigned by BMI. SPSS program (version 11.5) used for data analysis. Results: Mean age of participants was 46.68 with SD ± 12.698. Female participation (66.9%) was double compare to male, literacy rate was (64.4%) with female illiteracy of 29.67%. House wives (61.9%) were more than other professions. Middle class people were nearly 73%, Poor 14.4%, sedentary life style 11% and depressives 14.4% evident in study. A 20.3% people did laborious works. 17.8% had the family history of diabetes. Smokers (53.4%) were more than the non-smokers. Majority (89.0%) of rural people eat rice thrice a day. Normal BMI 61.0%, underweight 31.4% and 7.6% overweight observed.  Overall prevalence of T2 DM was 11.0% showing increase trend of diabetes compared to 8.6% estimated in 2000 and higher than several studies of home and abroad. Female showed higher prevalence (7.6%) compare to male (P>0.05). The overall prevalence of PD was 16.1% evident in this study. The prevalence of IFG and IGT were 8.5% and 7.6% respectively. Female showed higher prevalence of IFG (5.1%) and IGT (5.9%) than male (P>0.05). House wives showed higher prevalence (5.6%) of DM compare to other professions (P>0.05). Illiterates showed more PD (10.3%) and less DM (1.7%) but literates showed more (9.3%) DM (P >0.05). DM (6.7%) and PD (11.8%) more were among the middle class (P=0.018). A high prevalence of PD (13.6%) and DM (9.3%) noticed among non-sedentary lifestyle (P >0.05). Smoker showed higher DM (8.5%) and PD (11.8%). (P-0.071). Prevalence of PD and DM were high among the people with physically less active (P =0.795). Depressives showed more prevalence of DM (8.5%) and PD (13.5%), (P=0.345). increased frequency of rice eating (P=0.004), people with normal BMI (P=0.081) and family history of DM (P=0.000) showed positive association with diabetes mellitus. CBMJ 2015 January: Vol. 04 No. 01 P: 22-29


2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Saranya Nagalingam ◽  
Vaishnavi Murugaraj

Background: Babies born to mothers with GDM are at increased risk of complications, primarily growth abnormalities and chemical imbalances such as hypoglycemia, GDM is a reversible condition and women who have adequate control of glucose level scan effectively decrease the associated risks and give birth to healthy babies. The objective was to estimate the prevalence and the predictors of gestational diabetes mellitus.Methods: This study was conducted as a cross sectional study among the antenatal mothers at the outpatient department of the rural and urban health centers of the KG hospital and PG institute and its affiliated centers in Coimbatore. The study period was one year and during which 150 antenatal mothers participated in the study.Results: The prevalence of GDM was 76 (9%) and 74 (11%) in rural and urban health centers respectively. The maximum number of GDM Mothers to be 26-30years of age with a peak indicating 42% and 39% of GDM mothers were found to be in primigravida, 48% of GDM mothers were primipara. About 65% of GDM pre-pregnant mothers were overweight according to BMI, 53% of GDM mothers had positive family history of DM. Majority of the study population 100 (67%) had HBA1C less than 6% and the remaining 50 (33%) had more than 6% value. The variables like age, gravida, parity, family history of diabetes, pre-pregnant BMI, history of PCOS, history of hypertension, history of hypothyroidism was compared with the glycaemic status (HBA1C values) and it was found to be statistically significant at P<0.05.Conclusions: The commonest risk factors which increases the incidence of GDM were family history of diabetes mellitus, overweight pre-pregnant BMI, history of PCOS, hypothyroidism, increasing gravidity and parity respectively.


2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 533-539
Author(s):  
Bitan Sengupta ◽  
Himadri Bhattacharjya

Background: Early detection of Pre-diabetes and controlling the risk factors may delay the development of Diabetes and related complications. Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of Pre-diabetes in West Tripura district of India and to study it’s associations with selected risk factors. Methods: This community based cross-sectional study was conducted in West Tripura district of India, during 1st January 2018 to 31st December 2019 among 320 individuals selected by multistage sampling. Fasting blood sugar was tested for diagnosing Pre-diabetes. Data entry and analysis were performed using SPSS-24. Result: Prevalence of Pre-diabetes in West Tripura district was 19.4%, 28.1% were hypertensive and 32.5% had high BMI. Multivariable logistic regression has identified age ≥40 yr (OR: 20.62, 95% CI: 4.97 – 85.49) higher socioeconomic status (OR: 4.99, 95% CI: 1.95 – 12.72), family history of diabetes (OR: 9.72, 95% CI: 2.51 – 37.61), higher BMI (OR: 2.79, 95% CI: 1.32 – 5.89) and physical inactivity (OR: 3.52, 95% CI: 1.66 – 7.46) as the predictors of Pre-diabetes. Conclusion: West Tripura district of India has higher prevalence of pre-diabetes than the national average. Age ≥40 yr, higher socioeconomic status, family history of diabetes, higher BMI and physical inactivity were identified as significant predictors of Pre-diabetes in this region.


Author(s):  
Manouchehr Iranparvar-Alamdari ◽  
Hosein Ghorbani Behrooz ◽  
Mostafa Alidousti

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Gestational diabetes is the most common metabolic disorder during pregnancy and postpartum thyroiditis is a destructive thyroiditis that can cause serious complications for the mother and her child. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of postpartum thyroiditis in women with gestational diabetes.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> In this cross-sectional study, 86 cases satisfy inclusion criteria and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and were evaluated for postpartum thyroiditis with thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), T4, anti-TPO, T3RU tests. The groups with and without thyroiditis were compared and data was analyzed by statistical methods.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> There were 17 patients (19.8%) with postpartum thyroiditis, of whom 4 patients (23.5%) had hyperthyroidism, 9 patients (52.9%) were in the age group of 21 to 30 years, and 9 patients (52.9%) had a family history of diabetes.  Five patients (29.4%) with high anti-TPO level (P=0.022) and mean TSH and anti-TPO respectively, 2.8 (4.8) and 17.2 (35.9).</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The results showed that higher level of anti TPO titer and family history of diabetes can be associated with a higher rate of postpartum thyroiditis, so it is recommended that postpartum thyroiditis to be examined in women with gestational diabetes who have these mentioned items.</p>


2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 509
Author(s):  
Djoko Santoso

In Indonesia, the onset of hypertension has been observed in younger populations. Previous studies showed that hypertension occurred in adolescence, even in childhood. This cross sectional study aimed to provide a population-based estimation of hypertension prevalence and risk factors among school and college students in Surabaya, Indonesia. Using mercu-ry sphygmomanometer blood pressure was measured in 335 participants grouped into 5-9, 10- 14, 15- 19, and 20-26 years of age. The prevalence data was linked to sex, age, body mass index (BMI), and a family history of diabetes and/ or cardiovascular disease. Hypertension in children was determined according to the Update on the Task Force Report (2004) and to the JNC-7 for other participants. Thirty one (9.3%) participants had developed hypertension. Hypertension prevalence tended to increase with age from 0% at 5-9 years and 8.1% at 10-14 years to 15.2% at 20-26 years. Hypertension developed in 18 males and 13 females. Aged more than 20 years and family history of heart disease were significant risk fac-tors for hypertension. Other factors, such as BMI and a family history of di-abetes, were not significant. Malnutrition among children in golden age (0-5 years) plays major role in increasing future risk of hypertension. Routine hypertension screening should be done in young adults aged 20 years in this country.Di Indonesia, timbulnya hipertensi telah diamati pada populasi lebih muda. Studi sebelumnya menemukan bahwa hipertensi dapat terjadi pada masa remaja, bahkan masa kecil. Tujuan penelitian potong lintang ini adalah memberikan estimasi berbasis populasi prevalensi dan faktor risiko hipertensi pada pelajar dan mahasiswa di Surabaya, Indonesia. Dengan sfignomanometer merkuri diukur tekanan darah pada 335 partisipan yang dikelompokkan ke dalam kelompok usia 5-9, 10-14, 15-19, dan 20-26 tahun. Data prevalensi dikaitkan dengan jenis kelamin, usia, indeks massa tubuh (IMT), dan riwayat diabetes dan/atau penyakit kardiovaskular pada keluarga. Hipertensi pada anak ditentukan sesuai dengan the Update on the Task Force Report (2004). Partisipan lain dikelompokkan menurut JNC-7 untuk diagnosis hipertensi. Peserta sebanyak 31 (9,3%) didapatkan telah mengalami hipertensi. Prevalensi hipertensi cenderung meningkat sejalan usia dari 0% pada 5-9 tahun dan 8,1% pada 10-14 tahun men-jadi 15,2% pada 20-26 tahun. Hipertensi terjadi pada 18 laki-laki dan 13 perempuan. Usia lebih 20 tahun dan riwayat penyakit jantung pada keluar-ga merupakan faktor risiko signifikan untuk hipertensi. Faktor-faktor lain, seperti IMT dan riwayat keluarga diabetes, tidak signifikan. Gizi buruk pada anak di usia emas (0-5 tahun) berperan utama meningkatkan risiko hipertensi di masa depan. Di Indonesia, skrining hipertensi rutin harus di-lakukan pada dewasa muda usia 20 tahun.


2019 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
Reshma Patil ◽  
Jayashree Gothankar

Background: Diabetes mellitus is rising to an alarming epidemic level; hence, strategies formulated based on the risk factors can be helpful to curb the rising trend of the same. Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the prevalence of diagnosed cases of diabetes mellitus and correlate it with various risk factors and sociodemographic variables. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in randomly selected wards under the field practice area of Urban Health Training Center of Private Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra. A total of 425 subjects aged 20 years and above residing in the study area were screened for diabetes mellitus. Risk factors such as age, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), family history of diabetes, and physical activities were recorded. The statistical analysis of the data was performed using Chi-square test. Results: The prevalence of diagnosed cases of diabetes mellitus found in this study was 9.88%. There was a significant increase in the prevalence of diabetes as age increases (age 20–34 years: 1.66%, 35–49 years: 7.53%, ≥50 years: 15.66%, and P < 0.05). Furthermore, male gender, obesity, waist circumference, WHR, and diabetes mellitus were found to be statistically significant. Conclusions: Risk factors such as rising age, family history of diabetes mellitus, lack of physical activity, and central obesity were the most common factors found in diagnosed cases of diabetes mellitus. Therefore, lifestyle changes and awareness regarding risk factors is needed to make control over the diabetes.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document