scholarly journals The Persistence Of Traditional Gender Stereotypes: Evidence From The Distribution Of Academic Honors At A Female-Majority University

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
pp. 45-54
Author(s):  
A. Lynn Phillips ◽  
G. Michael Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Gender Bias ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
State University ◽  
National Data ◽  
Gender Inequity ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
University Campuses ◽  
Cast Doubt ◽  
To Receive

A shift from male-majority to female-majority university campuses has opened up new areas for research on gender bias, stereotypes, and discrimination. At one large state university on the west coast, there were more female than male graduates in Spring, 2008 in 7 out of 8 colleges, including the traditionally male-majority areas of business and science.  Relative probabilities for men and women of receiving honors in each major field of study at this school, compared to national data of gender breakdowns by field in 1980, showed that men and women were still relatively more likely to receive honors in fields that were traditionally male and female, respectively. Findings also cast doubt upon Kanter’s tokenism hypothesis. Curiously, it was traditionally female, not male, fields that had the highest levels of gender inequity, though gender inequity overall may be on a decline. More research is needed to identify why this difference between gender and honors still exists. Universities should also be aware of the continuing potential for subtle gender discrimination, even in fields where equal numbers of men and women participate.

scholarly journals Analysis of gender representation in basic level English textbooks in Ghana

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-109
Author(s):  
F. N.K. Nunoo ◽  
D. P. Mensah ◽  
E. Adu Boahen ◽  
I. E. N. Nunoo
Keyword(s):  
Gender Bias ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Gender Stereotype ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Critical Knowledge ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
English Textbooks ◽  
Stereotypical Roles ◽  
Gender Specific ◽  
Basic Level

Textbooks are known to influence the behaviours and worldview of children. Apart from imparting critical knowledge to pupils, textbooks also encourage pupils to form certain perceptions and stereotypes, including the ‘appropriate’ gender-specific roles in society. This paper examined gender stereotypes in the content and design of the Pupil’s English textbook at the Basic Level in Ghana using content analysis. The study revealed that, as teaching materials, the English Pupil’s Books 1, 2 and 3 displayed gross gender bias that reinforces the stereotypical roles of males and females in Ghanaian society. This does not reflect the development of society towards equality between men and women since there was no equality in how both genders are represented in the textbooks.Keywords: Gender; stereotype; gender stereotype; textbooks 

scholarly journals FEATURES OF GENDER STEREOTYPES OF THE IZHEVSK's YOUTH IN THE FAMILY RELATIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 438-445
Author(s):  
E.S. Solodyankina ◽  
M.A. Polishchuk
Keyword(s):  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Family Relations ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
The Family ◽  
Education And Development

This article attempts to identify gender stereotypes of modern youth living in a large peripheral city in the field of family life and intergenerational and gender relations. According to a number of researchers, in the modern world there is a "global disintegration" of the traditional system of division of social labor, power relations between men and women, which inevitably leads to the transformation of marriage and family relations. Thus, modern women are increasingly involved in the material support of the family, men are more engaged in household chores than before, participate in the education and development of children, etc. And, therefore, it is necessary to study this aspect of sociology in order to rid society of existing prejudices, stereotypes associated with the behavior patterns of men and women. The formation of gender identity is one of the first forms of human socialization. A family is the primary institution that a person gets into, and, consequently, the development of gender roles takes place here. Gender socialization affects the relationship between the sexes, allows men and women to communicate. However, it is often possible to notice misunderstandings between the sexes, which leads to the formation of stereotypes, as well as various social problems, such as: gender discrimination, a large number of divorces, domestic violence. It was supposed to find out what is the basis for the formation of such stereotypes in modern Russian society. Thanks to the results obtained, specialists working with families, as well as working with young people, will be able to improve the culture of serving visitors of different socio-demographic groups and plan their professional activities more carefully.

scholarly journals VERBALIZATION OF IDEAS ABOUT A MAN IN A WOMAN’S AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL STORY

2020 ◽  
pp. 117-125
Author(s):  
Мария Анатольевна Толстова
Keyword(s):  
Division Of Labor ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
State University ◽  
Working Capacity ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Lexical Unit ◽  
The Status ◽  
Personal Qualities

Введение. Выявлены представления о мужчине в женском диалектном дискурсе. Материал и методы. Источником исследования послужили женские автобиографические рассказы, собранные автором в диалектологических экспедициях в 2016–2019 гг.; тексты Томского диалектного корпуса, включающего материалы экспедиций, организуемых сотрудниками Томского государственного университета с 1946 г. по наши дни в районы распространения говоров Среднего Приобья. Работа выполнена в рамках когнитивно-дискурсивного направления гендерной лингвистики. Результаты и обсуждение. Базой для выявления гендерных представлений и стереотипов является наличие лингвистических оппозиции «мужественность – женственность», в рамках которых противопоставляются личные качества мужчин и женщин и особенности их поведения. Определено, что мужчина по сравнению с женщиной менее бережлив, более склонен к пьянству. Противопоставление женщин и мужчин происходит на основе разделения трудовых обязанностей. Важным параметром для вербализации гендерных представлений является статус в браке. На уровне языка это находит отражение в частотном употреблении лексической единицы муж, в наличии значительного числа синонимов к данной единице. Как правило, рассуждения женщин о себе и своей жизни сопровождаются оценкой супруга и жизни с ним в браке. Наиболее ярко представления о мужчине фиксируются при характеристике его личных качеств. Женщины чаще всего оценивают мужчину исходя из его работоспособности, трудолюбия, хозяйственности, социальных достижений. При характеристике мужа важным оказывается его отношение к жене, наличие любви между супругами. Пьянство и агрессивность мужчины осуждаются. Негативно оценивается проявление мужчиной типично женских качеств: болтливости, склочности и скандальности. Заключение. На содержание женских представлений о мужчине оказывают влияние особенности сельского существования, основу которого составляет труд, наличие патриархальных гендерных стереотипов, социально-исторические события и процессы. Выявленные гендерные представления обладают дискурсивной спецификой, обусловленной гендерной идентичностью говорящего. Introduction. The article is devoted to the identification of ideas about men in women’s dialect discourse. Material and methods. The material of the research is women’s autobiographical stories recorded by the author in dialectological expeditions in 2016–2019; the Tomsk dialect corpus, which includes the materials of expeditions organized by employees of the Tomsk State University from 1946 till the present day on the territory of Middle Ob dialects spread. The research is carried out in cognitive-discursive direction of gender linguistics. Results and discussion. The basis for identifying gender ideas and stereotypes is linguistic opposition of “masculinity- femininity”, in which the personal qualities of men and women and the characteristics of their behavior are contrasted. It is determined that a man less thrifty, more prone to drunkenness than a woman. The contrast between women and men is based on the division of labor responsibilities. An important parameter for verbalization of gender ideas is the status in marriage. It is reflected in the frequency of using of lexical unit husband and in significant number of synonyms for this unit. As a rule, women’s stories s about themselves and their lives are accompanied by characterization of their husband and life in marriage. The most vivid ideas about a man are recorded during description of his personal qualities. Women more often evaluate a man based on his working capacity, economic efficiency, and social achievements. Attitude to a wife and love between a wife and a husband is important in description of husband’s characteristic. Drunkenness and aggressiveness of men are condemned. Such typically feminine qualities as loquacity, squabbling, and scandalous behavior, is negatively assessed for men. Conclusion. The content of ideas about men is influenced by the features of rural existence, which is based on work, patriarchal gender stereotypes, socio-historical events and processes. The identified gender ideas have a discursive specificity due to the gender identity of the speaker.

scholarly journals PENDIDIKAN RESPONSIF GENDER DI PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN TEKNIK ELEKTRONIKA FAKULTAS TEKNIK UNIVERSITAS NEGERI YOGYAKARTA

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-148
Author(s):  
Setyo Atmiasih
Keyword(s):  
Gender Bias ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Student Interest ◽  
State University ◽  
Gender Analysis ◽  
Study Program ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Administrative Services ◽  
Electronic Engineering ◽  
And Gender

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi pelaksanaan pendidikan responsif gender di Program Studi Pendidikan Teknik Elektronika Fakultas Teknik Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik yang digunakan dalam analisis data adalah kondensasi dan analisis gender, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Analisis gender digunakan untuk pembahasan tentang aktivitas, manfaat, akses, manfaat dan dampak pendidikan responsif gender. Uji keabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi sumber dan triangulasi teknik. Hasil penelitian  menunjukkan bahwa : secara formal aktivitas pendidikan baik secara fasilitas, perlakuan pendidik, pelayanan administrasi, dan pembagain kelompok kerja telah responsif gender, tetapi secara individu masih terjadi bias gender karena adanya stereotipe terhadap laki-laki dan perempuan. Manfaat bagi para mahasiswa perempuan, mereka merasa percaya diri dapat mengerjakan tugas kuliah dan praktik yang selama ini dianggap bagian laki-laki. Perempuan dan laki-laki memiliki akses yang sama dalam kegiatan perkuliahan. Namun dalam struktur kemahasiswaan, seperti dalam kepemimpinan ketua kelas masih selalu dipercayakan kepada laki-laki, sedangkan perempuan menjadi bendahara dan sekretaris dalam hal ini masih terlihat ada bias gender. Adanya bias gender dalam pendidikan menyebabkan turunnya minat mahasiswa, sehingga berdampak terhadap hasil belajar mahasiswa dan interaksi yang kurang harmonis antara laki-laki dan perempuan. Kata Kunci : Pendidikan Responsif Gender, Perempuan, KesetaraanAbstractThis study aims to identify the implementation of gender responsive education in the Electronic Engineering Education Study Program, Faculty of Engineering, Yogyakarta State University. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach. Techniques used in data analysis are condensation and gender analysis, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Gender analysis is used for discussion of activities, benefits, access, benefits and impacts of gender responsive education. Test the validity of the data using source triangulation and technique triangulation.The results of his research: formally educational activities both in terms of facilities, educator treatment, administrative services, and the division of work groups have been gender responsive, but individually gender bias still occurs because of the stereotypes of men and women. Benefits for female students, they feel confident that they can work on college assignments and practices that so far have been considered male. Women and men have equal access to lecture activities. But in the student structure, such as in the leadership of the class leader is always entrusted to men, while women become treasurers and secretaries in this case there still seems to be a gender bias. The existence of gender bias in education causes a decrease in student interest, thus impacting student learning outcomes and interactions that are less harmonious between men and women. Keywords: Gender Responsive Education, Women, Equality

scholarly journals Bystander reactions to workplace incivility: The role of gender and discrimination claims

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-144
Author(s):  
Samantha Sinclair
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Gender Difference ◽  
Gender Bias ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Perceived Discrimination ◽  
Workplace Incivility ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Support At Work

Will men and women receive the same support at work when they claim to have been discriminated against? This paper reports a scenario-based experimental study (N = 240, 50.4% women, M age = 25.65) that investigated bystanders’ reactions to an incident where a co-worker is treated in a condescending manner by another co-worker. The results showed that women reacted more strongly to the incivility incident and were more willing to support and defend the co-worker. As expected, the gender difference in helping intentions was especially prominent when the co-worker attributed the incident to gender discrimination, compared to a control condition with an attribution unrelated to gender. Further, when the incident was attributed to discrimination, the female co-worker evoked somewhat stronger helping intentions than the male co-worker, suggesting the presence of gender bias. The results are discussed in relation to the prototype perspective of perceived discrimination.

scholarly journals culture of patriarchy, gender bias, and class discrimination in Mahesh Dattani’s Tara

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (S1) ◽  
pp. 60-69
Author(s):  
Tribhuwan Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Gender Bias ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Conjoined Twins ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Girl Child ◽  
Physical Separation ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Patriarchal System ◽  
Class Discrimination

This research paper, which makes use of Mahesh Dattani's play Tara (1990), emphasises the concept of social issues such as gender inequalities, suffering, and depression, which are experienced by both men and women in equal measure. Gender discrimination, injustice done solely on the basis of gender, and preference for male children in Indian homes are all issues that are the focus of this research. Tara, Dattani's other play, addresses the issue of gender discrimination. The play addresses the emotional and physical separation of conjoined twins. It exemplifies the society's ingrained patriarchal system. Women act as a key in patriarchy's hands, ensuring the survival of patriarchal values. The purpose of this article is to discuss and analyse the play's issue of female marginalisation. Chandan, a boy child, is preferred to Tara, a girl child, in an Indian family. Despite the fact that she is Tara's mother, Bharati wrecks her daughter's life and ultimately suffers as a result of her harsh behaviour. Dr. Thakkar makes an error in his capacity as a scientist and a technophile. Bharati and her father bribed him with a piece of land in exchange for Tara’s death.

Gender Discrimination in the Workplace

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madeline E. Heilman ◽  
Suzette Caleo
Keyword(s):  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Future Study ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Career Advancement ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Discriminatory Behavior ◽  
Women's Career Advancement

This chapter reviews the conditions and processes that give rise to gender discrimination in the workplace, impeding women’s career advancement. It explores how descriptive and prescriptive gender stereotypes—through distinct mechanisms—promote inequities in the selection, promotion, and evaluation of women. The paper examines how descriptive gender stereotypes, which describe what men and women are like, encourage gender discriminatory behavior by contributing to the expectation that women are ill equipped to succeed in traditionally male positions. It also considers how prescriptive gender stereotypes, which prescribe what men and women should be like, encourage gender discriminatory behavior by spurring disapproval and social penalties for women who behave in stereotype-inconsistent ways—whether explicitly or by merely being successful in roles considered to be male-typed. The chapter discusses existing research, considers the conditions that minimize or exacerbate gender discrimination, and identifies questions for future study.

scholarly journals THE IMAGE OF FLIGHT ATTENDANTS FROM THE FLIGHT ATTENDANTS AND AIRLINE CONSUMERS’ POINTS OF VIEW

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Deborah Simorangkir
Keyword(s):  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Airline Industry ◽  
Flight Attendants ◽  
Flight Attendant ◽  
Gender Inequity ◽  
Cabin Crew ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Points Of View

The flight attendant profession is dominated by women, which may lead to the notion that this profession is one of the few in which women are not experiencing gender discrimination. However, research findings have shown that over time, feminization leads to a decline in status and remuneration, and thus must be understood and monitored because it may be camouflaging the continuous reality of gender inequity. This paper revisits the issue of gender stereotypes in flight attendants given new views of what makes for effective flight attendance. The work of flight attendants has been long regarded as ‘women’s work’, focusing on performing a commercialized version of the caring and service activities carried out for centuries in the domestication of women. Some images of female cabin crew in the past have included: nurse, mother, and sexual objects. Though major changes have occurred in the Western airline industry in the 1970s, Asian airlines, however, still enforce such restrictions as height, weight, age, and beauty on their female cabin crew members. Three Indonesian flight attendants from major Asian airlines were interviewed to analyze their perceptions of their profession and how they think Indonesia society views them. A survey was also conducted on 100 Indonesians to analyze their perception on the identity of flight attendants. Interview results show that while, flight attendants believe that Indonesian society still cling on to the old images of flight attendants as air hostesses who are often regarded as sex objects, whereas survey results actually show that this image has changed.

Subtle Linguistic Cues Affecting Gender In(Equality)

2021 ◽  
pp. 0261927X2110351
Author(s):  
Magdalena Formanowicz ◽  
Karolina Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Gender Bias ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Text Analysis ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Linguistic Cues ◽  
Gender Hierarchies ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
And Gender

Gender stereotypes and related gender discrimination are encoded in and transmitted through language, contributing to gender inequality. In this article, we review research findings on subtle linguistic means of communicating gender stereotypes and gender hierarchies. Our goal is to provide a comprehensive repository of various instances of subtle linguistic biases potentially useful in creating a text analysis toolbox to quantify gender bias in language. Our focus is predominantly on those areas that have received less attention both in research and in policy making. As gender inequalities are communicated through linguistic practices, attempts to change social reality include changes in language. Therefore, we suggest possible interventions for practices of gender equality in language.

The Effect of Gender Stereotypes on Explicit and Implicit Career Preferences

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 902-922 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reuma Gadassi ◽  
Itamar Gati
Keyword(s):  
Gender Bias ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Career Planning ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Internet Site ◽  
Short List ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Career Preferences

The present study compared gender differences in directly reported and indirectly derived career preferences and tested the hypothesis that individuals' implicit preferences would show less gender-biased occupational choices than their directly elicited ones. Two hundred sixty-six visitors to a career-related Internet site were asked to (a) list 5 to 10 suitable occupations (the directly reported list) and (b) report their preferences in terms of 31 career-related aspects. The latter were used to produce a short list of promising occupational alternatives (the indirectly derived list), using the occupational database of an Internet-based career planning system. Each occupation in the database rated for sex dominance. The findings indicated that the sex dominance ratings of the occupations on the directly reported list accorded with the participants' gender for both men and women: Men's lists included mostly “masculine” occupations, whereas women's lists included mostly “feminine” occupations. This gender bias was significantly lower for the implicit lists. The difference between the directly reported and the indirectly derived lists was larger for women than for men, suggesting that the impact of stereotypes is more pronounced in women's than in men's directly reported career preferences.

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