Examination of enterpreneurship ecosystem in Debrecen from the direction of open innovation spaces

Innovation is not just a technology, but it is rather a comprehensive vision of what the future should look like and which requires changes in many ambits. Innovation is driven by people’s needs, ambitions and dreams, and it is necessary that people at different positions in the society change the way they work and live. Innovation, as a result of human interactions, often fails because people do not understand each other, as they belong to different worlds which have their own languages and cultures. While innovation system-like thinking recognizes that the needs are a good mix of factors for innovation, it is hard to establish the perfect mix beforehand: innovation systems and policies need to be adaptive” (Klerkx, Mierlo & Leeuwis 2012). I tried to bring this complex vision to our future. The actuality of the topic is provided by the fact that we are in the period of the development of digital industrial revolution, on the peak of the technology innovations, slowly resulting in the revolutions of the machines. These technological innovations, trends, equipment or new technological achievements often make our work easier, or they may replace us, and will bring changes transforming the world with them. At present era, the availability and use of the relevant knowledge is essential. In Western Europe and in other more developed countries different spaces provide places for evolving various trends, applying the acquired knowledge, e.g. development of Silicon Valley, polices, clusters, co-workings. These innovative spaces may form a bridge for evolving a global, international or regional technology and knowledge transfer, sharing our knowledge and developing our competitiveness. They may be the engine of a “new world”. The entrepreneurship ecosystem in Debrecen was investigated regarding the presence of open innovation spaces. Though Debrecen has already had open innovation spaces, it does not have space operating as HUB. „HUB is a global platform, where people from all corners of the planet connect and engage in collaborative action to realize enterprising ideas for a better world” (HUB GMBH 2012). Furthermore, I studied the fact that why the creation of HUB in Debrecen is reasonable concerning every sector, and what characteristics this space may have. In order to analyze my hypotheses, I used questionnaires made by Delphi survey. During the process experts of this field were asked in two turns. Selecting the experts occurred on the basis of Helix model.

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Vállalkozói ökoszisztéma vizsgálata Debrecenben a nyitott innovációs terek szemszögéből

Jelenkori Társadalmi és Gazdasági Folyamatok ◽

10.14232/jtgf.2014.1-2.131-138 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 9 (1-2) ◽

pp. 131-138

Author(s):

Judit Oláh ◽

Adrienn Horváth

Keyword(s):

Industrial Revolution ◽

Innovation System ◽

Innovation Systems ◽

Human Interactions ◽

Technology Innovations ◽

The Future ◽

The Way

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Psychoanaliza i patriarchalizm. Uwagi na temat emancypacyjnego przesłania teorii Freuda w kontekście dziejów psychoanalizy w Polsce 1900–1939

Argument: Biannual Philosophical Journal ◽

10.24917/20841043.10.2.7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 393-414

Author(s):

Paweł Dybel

Keyword(s):

Social Life ◽

Western Europe ◽

Social Impact ◽

Industrial Revolution ◽

Developed Countries ◽

The United States ◽

First Case ◽

History Of ◽

The Developed Countries

Psychoanalysis and patriarchalism. Comments on the emancipation claim of Freud’s theory within the history of psychoanalysis in Poland 1900–1939: The article is a polemic with how Eli Zaretsky captures the role of Freud’s psychoanalysis in transforming the self-knowledge of modern societies in his Secrets of the soul. According to Zaretsky, in Central European countries, Poland included, psychoanalysis then served in the democratization of social life and led to the destruction of the patriarchal order; while in Western countries it became medicated, becoming a tool of social control. The author considers both of these claims to be problematic. In the first case, this is due to the limited social impact of Freud’s theory until 1939, in the second, basing this theory on patients’ personal unconscious, it supported their release from the influence of tradition and served them in making free life decisions. This was because in the period up to 1939, in the countries of Central Europe, the second industrial revolution was not as advanced as in the developed countries of Western Europe and the United States. So only in these last countries has psychoanalysis become socially popular and one has witnessed the dynamic development of the psychoanalytic movement.

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Conclusion

Uneven Centuries ◽

10.23943/princeton/9780691166377.003.0013 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 303-318

Author(s):

Şevket Pamuk

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Western Europe ◽

Industrial Revolution ◽

New Technologies ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Gdp Per Capita ◽

Proximate Cause ◽

The World ◽

Rapid Industrialization ◽

Per Capita

This concluding chapter discusses how most countries around the world have experienced significant increases in per capita income and improvements in human development during the last two centuries. For instance, GDP per capita in the area within Turkey's current borders has increased approximately fifteenfold since 1820. While Turkey did slightly better than the averages for the developing countries, the gap with developed countries widened significantly. The most basic reason for this pattern was the relatively rapid industrialization in Western Europe and North America, while Turkey as well as other developing countries stayed mostly with agriculture. The most important proximate cause of the large divergence in per capita incomes between Western Europe and much of the rest of the world was the very different rates of adoption of the new technologies of the Industrial Revolution.

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MANAGEMENT OF INNOVATION PROCESSES AT THE ENTERPRISE

Market Infrastructure ◽

10.32843/infrastruct54-14 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Marianna Gorobynskaya

Keyword(s):

Open Innovation ◽

Innovation Management ◽

Innovation System ◽

Developed Countries ◽

High Tech ◽

Business Systems ◽

Technological Potential ◽

Sixth Generation ◽

Innovative Environment ◽

Active Dissemination

The concept of the development of innovative activities of modern production is relevant, since innovations determine the competitiveness of companies, industries and entire countries in world markets and become new sources of economic growth based on knowledge. The low activity of the use of innovations at domestic enterprises testifies to the insufficient effectiveness of measures aimed at preserving and developing their scientific and technological potential. The technological backwardness of Ukraine from highly developed countries largely depends on the prevalence of mainly closed models of innovation, which do not contribute to the formation and development of a modern innovative environment. The effectiveness of high-tech production is determined, first of all, by the rationale for making decisions on the use of various models of innovative projects while maintaining intellectual property rights and reducing the likelihood of possible risks. The characteristics of the evolution of existing models of innovation management allowed us to analyze the features of their manifestation and substantiate the need to introduce models of the new sixth generation into the domestic economy using world experience. The transition of enterprises and firms to open forms of innovative development involves the involvement of partners, research centers and other structures in order to implement new scientific ideas. And cooperation between domestic and foreign innovative enterprises makes it possible to actively exchange knowledge, experience and competencies. When introducing open innovation models, the following prerequisites must be met: adherence to the principle of openness and expanding cooperation with external partners, scientific institutions, suppliers and consumers; analysis, as well as the choice of an array of various innovations that exist outside the enterprise and are of great value to it; combining «external» and «internal» knowledge into a more complex combination of new concepts and competencies, allowing you to create the latest business systems and models. The considered advantages of open innovation models and numerous examples of their active dissemination in world practice make it possible to name and formulate the main ways and possibilities of creating a modern domestic innovation system.

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DEVELOPMENT OF A SYSTEM FOR ASSESSING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE USE OF STATE RESOURCES TO CREATE A NATIONAL INNOVATION SYSTEM AS A FACTOR IN INCREASING THE STATE'S ECONOMIC SECURITY

Scientific Review Series 1 Economics and Law ◽

10.26653/2076-4650-2020-1-2-15 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 185-197

Author(s):

Anatoliy B. Yaroshchuk ◽

Keyword(s):

Mixed Model ◽

System Analysis ◽

Innovation System ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Economic Security ◽

Innovation Systems ◽

National Innovation System ◽

Market Model ◽

National Innovation Systems ◽

Public Resources

The article considers the current and future systems for assessing the effectiveness of the use of state resources to create a national innovation system as a factor in improving the economic security of the state, the author develops a methodological approach to assessing the effectiveness of the use of state resources to create a national innovation system. The cyclical development of the world economy in the conditions of globalization is connected, first of all, with the change of technological structures, as well as with the provision of competitiveness for all levels of economic management. In the domestic and foreign economic literature, there is an idea of the national innovation system, which covers all types of economic objects in the country with innovations, increasing their competitiveness, and, thus, the national economy as a whole, and also directly affects the increase in the level of economic security of the country. Most developed countries and many developing countries have already established or are in the process of establishing their national innovation systems, built either on the basis of models already known and tested in other countries, or new, unique models for building innovation systems. The differences between these models of creation of national innovation systems of different countries are, both in the levels of economic objects, which are the basis of innovative breakthrough, and in the degree of use of public resources: "centralized model", based on public resources, or "market model", or a mixed model of "public-private partnership". These issues are the basis for consideration of the presented article. The methodological basis for writing the article was modern scientific research methods, including: dialectical method, method of system analysis, methods of analogy, comparative analysis, expert methods, structural-functional and normative approaches.

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April 20 to 26, 2020 – World Immunization Week

Spravočnik vrača obŝej praktiki (Journal of Family Medicine) ◽

10.33920/med-10-2004-10 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 76-79

Author(s):

Oksana Rybachok

Keyword(s):

Western Europe ◽

Whooping Cough ◽

Developed Countries ◽

World Health ◽

Modern World ◽

Pneumococcal Infections ◽

Preventive Vaccination ◽

The Russian Federation ◽

Health Organization ◽

The Third World

Infectious diseases in the modern world continue to claim millions of human lives despite the achievements of medicine. While in developed countries the main cause of death is cancer and diseases of the cardiovascular system, it is the infectious processes that occupy leading positions in the structure of mortality in the third world countries. About 1.7 million children die from infections that could have been avoided by vaccination according to the World Health Organization. In contrast to the countries of Western Europe, where preventive vaccinations for the population are carried out for a fee, preventive vaccination in the Russian Federation is funded by the state. Immunoprophylaxis includes not only prevention of 12 major infections included in the calendar of preventive vaccinations (diphtheria, polio, tetanus, whooping cough, tuberculosis, measles, rubella, mumps, hepatitis B, pneumococcal infections and haemophilus influenzae, influenza), but also vaccination against 17 additional infections in case of epidemiological indications.

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Incidence and Characteristics of Retinoblastoma in Poland: The First Nationwide Study 2010–2017

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18126539 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (12) ◽

pp. 6539

Author(s):

Michał S. Nowak ◽

Bożena Romanowska-Dixon ◽

Iwona Grabska-Liberek ◽

Michał Żurek

Keyword(s):

Western Europe ◽

External Beam Radiotherapy ◽

Cohort Analysis ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Live Births ◽

Focal Treatment ◽

Different Types ◽

The Mean ◽

Birth Cohort Analysis

Background: The present study aimed to investigate the incidence and characteristics of retinoblastoma in the overall population of Poland. Methods: The retrospective survey of both National Health Fund (NHF) and National Cancer Registry (NCR) databases were performed to identify all retinoblastoma cases in Poland in the years 2010–2017. Results: During 2010–2017, the mean age-standardised incidence of retinoblastoma (the unit of incidence is per 1,000,000 person-years) was 10.15 (95% CI 7.23–13.08) among children aged 0 to 4 years and 5.39 (95% CI 4.18–6.60) in those aged 0 to 9 years. During 2010–2014 (to allow 5 years of follow-up), the mean incidence of retinoblastoma by birth cohort analysis in Poland was 4.89 (95% CI 4.04–5.74) per 100,000 live births, corresponding to an incidence of 1 per 20,561 (95% CI 15,855–25,267) live births. In Poland, 14.6% of children with retinoblastoma had enucleation of the eye globe, 76.8% received different types of chemotherapy combined with focal treatment, 5.9% were treated with external beam radiotherapy, and 2.7% were treated with focal treatments only. Conclusions: The incidence of retinoblastoma and the pattern of medical management of retinoblastoma in Poland was similar to that reported in developed countries in Western Europe, Asia, and North America.

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Canonical Correlation Analysis and a New Composite Index on Digitalization and Labor Force in the Context of the Industrial Revolution 4.0

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12176812 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (17) ◽

pp. 6812

Author(s):

Ane-Mari Androniceanu ◽

Irina Georgescu ◽

Manuela Tvaronavičienė ◽

Armenia Androniceanu

Keyword(s):

Correlation Analysis ◽

Labor Force ◽

Canonical Correlation Analysis ◽

Canonical Correlation ◽

Structural Changes ◽

Industrial Revolution ◽

Composite Index ◽

Developed Countries ◽

World Economic ◽

The Impact

The current phenomenon of the economy-accelerated digitalization, known as the “Industry 4.0”, will generate both an increased productivity, connectivity and several transformations on the labor force skills. Our research objectives are to determine the influence that digitalization has had on the workforce in several developed countries and to propose a new composite indicator that reflects these dynamics over time. We have used the Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) in order to identify and analyze the correlations between two sets of variables, an independent one and a dependent one. Data were collected from the World Bank and World Economic Forum for the years 2018–2019. Based on the results of our research we have determined and made a consistent analysis of the new composite index of digitalization and labor force in 19 countries. The results of our research are relevant and show not only the impact of digitalization on the labor force in different countries, but also the structural changes required by the new economic and social models. Our research can help decision-makers get in advance the necessary measures in the field of labor force in order to ensure a proper integration of these measures into the new economic model based on digitalization.

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Human capital in the new development strategy of Russia

Uchenyy Sovet (Academic Council) ◽

10.33920/nik-02-2106-01 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 410-423

Author(s):

Konstantin Konstantinovich Kolin

Keyword(s):

Human Capital ◽

Development Strategy ◽

Socioeconomic Development ◽

Innovation System ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Modern Concept ◽

National Human ◽

The World ◽

The Developed Countries ◽

Main Components

The article analyzes the modern concept of human capital and its role in the socioeconomic development of society. The structure of human capital in Russia and the state of its main components have been studied. The necessity of creating mechanisms for significantly more effective use of the intellectual potential of scientific and educational institutions of the country, as well as of the formation of a national innovation system, is shown. It is demonstrated that according to the World Bank estimates, today the national human capital in developing countries accounts for more than half of their national wealth, and in the developed countries of the world – for about 70-80%. Thus, human capital is now considered as the most important economic category, the importance of which will significantly increase in the 21st century. The author believes that it is advisable to use the positive experience of the functioning of such a system in China.

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Effects of Industry 4.0 on the Labor Markets of Iran and Japan

Economies ◽

10.3390/economies6030039 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 39 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Majid Ziaei Nafchi ◽

Hana Mohelská

Keyword(s):

Labor Markets ◽

Industry 4.0 ◽

Industrial Revolution ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Cyber Physical Systems ◽

Physical Systems ◽

Science Technology ◽

Levels Of Automation ◽

Technology And Economy ◽

The Impact

Industry 4.0 is the essence of the fourth Industrial revolution and is happening right now in manufacturing by using cyber-physical systems (CPS) to reach high levels of automation. Industry 4.0 is especially beneficial in highly developed countries in terms of competitive advantage, but causes unemployment because of high levels of automation. The aim of this paper is to find out if the impact of adopting Industry 4.0 on the labor markets of Iran and Japan would be the same, and to make analysis to find out whether this change is possible for Iran and Japan with their current infrastructures, economy, and policies. With the present situation of Iran in science, technology, and economy, it will be years before Iran could, or better say should, implement Industry 4.0. Japan is able to adopt Industry 4.0 much earlier than Iran and with less challenges ahead; this does not mean that the Japanese labor market would not be affected by this change but it means that those effects would not cause as many difficulties as they would for Iran.

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