scholarly journals MANAGEMENT OF INNOVATION PROCESSES AT THE ENTERPRISE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianna Gorobynskaya
Keyword(s):  
Open Innovation ◽  
Innovation Management ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Business Systems ◽  
Technological Potential ◽  
Sixth Generation ◽  
Innovative Environment ◽  
Active Dissemination

The concept of the development of innovative activities of modern production is relevant, since innovations determine the competitiveness of companies, industries and entire countries in world markets and become new sources of economic growth based on knowledge. The low activity of the use of innovations at domestic enterprises testifies to the insufficient effectiveness of measures aimed at preserving and developing their scientific and technological potential. The technological backwardness of Ukraine from highly developed countries largely depends on the prevalence of mainly closed models of innovation, which do not contribute to the formation and development of a modern innovative environment. The effectiveness of high-tech production is determined, first of all, by the rationale for making decisions on the use of various models of innovative projects while maintaining intellectual property rights and reducing the likelihood of possible risks. The characteristics of the evolution of existing models of innovation management allowed us to analyze the features of their manifestation and substantiate the need to introduce models of the new sixth generation into the domestic economy using world experience. The transition of enterprises and firms to open forms of innovative development involves the involvement of partners, research centers and other structures in order to implement new scientific ideas. And cooperation between domestic and foreign innovative enterprises makes it possible to actively exchange knowledge, experience and competencies. When introducing open innovation models, the following prerequisites must be met: adherence to the principle of openness and expanding cooperation with external partners, scientific institutions, suppliers and consumers; analysis, as well as the choice of an array of various innovations that exist outside the enterprise and are of great value to it; combining «external» and «internal» knowledge into a more complex combination of new concepts and competencies, allowing you to create the latest business systems and models. The considered advantages of open innovation models and numerous examples of their active dissemination in world practice make it possible to name and formulate the main ways and possibilities of creating a modern domestic innovation system.

scholarly journals THE INNOVATIONS EFFECTS AT COMPANY’S LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Object Of Study

The paper deals with the analysis of innovations effects on labour productivity, work quality, work contracts. Innovations are the basic factors in the growth of labour productivity. The innovations growth provides the release of labor force in low-tech sectors of the economy, the redistribution of workers in favor of high -tech sectors of the economy with high value added, and a major source of improving the welfare of the population and development of society. The methodology includes the interdisciplinary approach application based on institutional analysis, human resource management and comparative economics methods. The systematization of the basic approaches including systemic innovation system, the permanent organizations, innovation diffusion concept and etc. expand the object of study, and allows finding new directions in the study of the interdependence between innovations and labour productivity. The study of Ukrainian economic performance indicators of public R&D expenditures, innovation expenditures, employment in medium to high-tech manufacturing and high-tech services confirms decrease in public spending. The recent studies emphasize the main transformation in the world of work in terms of the labour market, social dialogue, and conditions of work, wages and incomes, and effects on the middle class. The strong institutions play significant role in the process of knowledge accumulation, creation well-functioning market system, institutional and infrastructure development. They are fully consistent with high employment and dynamic labour market functioning. The information technologies development contributes into the average annual growth of labour productivity in a range of the developed countries. The directions of preconditions for innovative development and the formation of partnerships and links between education, business, science, and innovation are proposed.

scholarly journals PROBLEMS OF COMMERCIALIZATION OF INNOVATIONS IN MEDICAL INDUSTRY

2019 ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
Daria Alekseevna Milkevich ◽  
Mikhail Yakovlevich Veselovskiy
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Process Development ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Medical Industry ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article highlights the problems associated with improving quality, reducing costs and increasing availability of medical care with limited funding in Russia. The necessity to ensure a greater consistency of transformation of medical services into cost-effective products has been substantiated. The main engine of progress is innovations whose development and introduction into the medical industry can provide a new level of medical care for the population. It has been stated that at present in the Russian Federation there are no large industrial enterprises in the medical industry that are able to enter the world market with their innovative developments. Development of medicine requires the complex long-term research, clinical trials and significant financial and resource costs, which in most cases leads to unrealized implementation. Medical industry is one of the most high-tech industries characterized by a high level of research and innovations. The structure of production of medical products and equipment is considered. The stages of the innovation process (development of innovation and its commercialization) have been designated. The elements of the innovation system in health care have been shown. The factors constraining the innovative development of the medical industry in Russia, including insufficient state participation, are investigated. The comparative analysis of the current costs on health care in different countries has been carried out; Russia is found to rank 35th place among 44 countries under study. The state federal programs of the Russian Federation aimed at creating a national innovation system in the medical industry, changing the structure of spending on medicine and approaching the level of spending of developed countries have been considered. The problems of commercialization in the Russian medical industry, which lead to a slowdown in production growth, are formulated, and possible solutions are proposed.

scholarly journals INNOVATIVE ENVIRONMENT IN THE MECHANISM OF DEVELOPMENT OF MILITARY-ECONOMIC COOPERATION OF UKRAINE WITH FOREIGN STATES

2021 ◽  
pp. 51-54
Author(s):  
I. Shcherbyna ◽  
V. Pakholchuk
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Alliances ◽  
Organizational Design ◽  
Synergetic Effect ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Economic Cooperation ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Military Innovation ◽  
Progressive Development ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Innovative Environment

The article outlines the general principles of structuring the innovative environment for the development of military-economic cooperation between Ukraine and foreign countries as a prerequisite for the formation of a national military-innovation system in the future. It is noted that Ukraine's military-economic cooperation with foreign countries is a dynamic process characterized by progressive development. It is determined that the innovation environment is an integral part of the military-economic space, which is formed as a result of joint activities of two or more countries. The mission of the innovation environment has been established, which is expressed in the ability to meet the country's needs in high-tech weapons, to meet the demand of the international military market and to occupy its own niche in the global arms market. The system features of the innovation environment are revealed and revealed, as well as its structural components – principles, functions, forms of activity and methods of regulation. The institutionalization and deepening of the structuring of the innovation environment in order to increase the efficiency of its activities due to the synergetic effect of the system and the further formation of the national military innovation system are substantiated. Emphasis is placed on the expediency of organizational design of the subjects of the innovative environment for the development of military-economic cooperation of Ukraine with foreign countries in the form of defense technology parks, technopolises, incubators, associations and strategic alliances. It is proposed as a direction of further research to focus on improving the institutional support of the innovation environment by creating a structural unit in the Ministry of Strategic Industries of Ukraine, detailed elaboration of its functions, giving sufficient powers to perform the tasks.

scholarly journals Examination of enterpreneurship ecosystem in Debrecen from the direction of open innovation spaces

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 51-59
Author(s):  
Adrienn Horváth
Keyword(s):  
Open Innovation ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Technological Innovations ◽  
Human Interactions ◽  
Collaborative Action ◽  
Technology Innovations ◽  
Global Platform

Innovation is not just a technology, but it is rather a comprehensive vision of what the future should look like and which requires changes in many ambits. Innovation is driven by people’s needs, ambitions and dreams, and it is necessary that people at different positions in the society change the way they work and live. Innovation, as a result of human interactions, often fails because people do not understand each other, as they belong to different worlds which have their own languages and cultures. While innovation system-like thinking recognizes that the needs are a good mix of factors for innovation, it is hard to establish the perfect mix beforehand: innovation systems and policies need to be adaptive” (Klerkx, Mierlo & Leeuwis 2012). I tried to bring this complex vision to our future. The actuality of the topic is provided by the fact that we are in the period of the development of digital industrial revolution, on the peak of the technology innovations, slowly resulting in the revolutions of the machines. These technological innovations, trends, equipment or new technological achievements often make our work easier, or they may replace us, and will bring changes transforming the world with them. At present era, the availability and use of the relevant knowledge is essential. In Western Europe and in other more developed countries different spaces provide places for evolving various trends, applying the acquired knowledge, e.g. development of Silicon Valley, polices, clusters, co-workings. These innovative spaces may form a bridge for evolving a global, international or regional technology and knowledge transfer, sharing our knowledge and developing our competitiveness. They may be the engine of a “new world”. The entrepreneurship ecosystem in Debrecen was investigated regarding the presence of open innovation spaces. Though Debrecen has already had open innovation spaces, it does not have space operating as HUB. „HUB is a global platform, where people from all corners of the planet connect and engage in collaborative action to realize enterprising ideas for a better world” (HUB GMBH 2012). Furthermore, I studied the fact that why the creation of HUB in Debrecen is reasonable concerning every sector, and what characteristics this space may have. In order to analyze my hypotheses, I used questionnaires made by Delphi survey. During the process experts of this field were asked in two turns. Selecting the experts occurred on the basis of Helix model.

scholarly journals ‘Open’ Innovation and Institutional Protection of Intellectual Property

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 596-609
Author(s):  
T.I. Volkova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Innovation Management ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Competitive Strategies ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Methodological Aspects

The study offers a comprehensive view on the process which can be described as dialectics of ‘open’ innovation and institutional protection of intellectual property. Although in the ICT sphere this process is already a well-established fact, in research literature only its theoretical and methodological aspects have received some fragmented attention. This study relies on the empirical evidence concerning competitive strategies and tactics of international high-tech companies. The study shows the growing complexity in the configuration of relations and intellectual property transactions between the stakeholders. Strategies and interactions often acquire a hybrid nature not only in their form (network-based, based on digital platforms, alliances, etc) but also in their content (due to the diversity of the possible combinations of ‘open’ and ‘closed’ innovations). The aim of this study is to show the potential of high tech companies’ strategies and business models underpinned by the dialectics of ‘open’ innovation and intellectual property protection. A special focus is made on the theoretical and methodological foundations of the connection between the ‘open’ and ‘closed’ innovation types. There is a system-forming factor that determines the sophisticated, often contradictory, multi-agent mechanism for the reproduction of high profitability of companies. At the core of this factor is the intellectual capital — the commitment and competence of workers (developers, managers, and experts), who have received specialized interdisciplinary training. Conceptually, this study relies on the institutional approach to economic theory and innovation management theory. It also relies on the systemic, dialectical, and functional methods as well as on the decomposition method, methods of comparative analysis and structurization. The research findings can be used by policy makers to enhance innovation in Russia and to make its regions more competitive on the international arena.

scholarly journals INNOVATIVE-INVESTMENT BASES FOR SUSTAINABLE SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Оlena Garashchuk ◽  
Vira Kutsenko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Baltic Countries ◽  
Innovative Model ◽  
Socio Economic Development

The article notes that in modern conditions, an important direction of ensuring socio-economic development is its transition to innovative models, which should cover all reproduction processes. Ukraine proclaimed a course on innovative development. However, in terms of the coefficient of innovative development, our country is significantly behind not only highly developed countries, but also from Poland and the Baltic countries. And, unfortunately, this gap is growing. The authors cite the reasons for this situation, in particular the lack of a national innovation system in Ukraine. The article presents the dynamics of indicators characterizing the processes of development and implementation of innovative products. Among them are goods, services, technological processes and the like. The presence of a significant differentiation of indicators characterizing the level of innovative activity, namely: from 55.7% among enterprises in the field of pharmaceutical products and preparations to 3.3% in the field of water supply, sewage, waste management, is emphasized. Considerable attention is paid to the disclosure of factors that can ensure the transformation of Ukraine into a high-tech society based on an innovative model. This should be facilitated by the availability of appropriate resources, including human resources. It is noted that in Ukraine the number of workers who are engaged in research and development is decreasing. And this trend is characteristic of almost all branches of science, except for medical ones. The greatest decline is characteristic of the technical branches of science, which, of course, negatively affects the introduction of an innovative model of socio-economic development. A negative indicator in this context is the deterioration of the age structure of researchers: the number of employees involved in the implementation of scientific research and development under the age of 25 is quite low and high enough at the age of 65 and older. This is a threat to the intellectual continuity of generations, the loss of scientific schools, the scientific and personnel potential of the country. Improving the material and technical and personnel component of innovation, in turn, requires further strengthening of the financial and investment potential, which can be achieved not only by increasing the state budget for these purposes, but also by attracting funds from outside and by effectively managing the use of existing financial resources.

Threshold Effect of Knowledge Accumulation between Innovation Path and Innovation Performance: New Evidence from China’s High-tech Industry

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heng Chen ◽  
Jian Hou ◽  
Wei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Innovation Management ◽  
Threshold Model ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Threshold Effect ◽  
Innovation Performance ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Dynamic Threshold ◽  
High Tech Industry ◽  
Knowledge Accumulation ◽  
The Relationship

In the process of transitioning from closed to open innovation, regions in developing countries need to understand how to choose the most effective path within the complex innovation system while considering their own innovation factors. Based on provincial panel data from China’s high-tech industry and the improved dynamic threshold model, we introduce the threshold of knowledge accumulation (KLA) into the non-linear mechanism between innovation paths and innovation performance to compare the dynamic threshold effect and its heterogeneity. This research provides interesting insights into innovation paths, showing that the relationship between the innovation path and innovation performance is significantly influenced by the threshold effect of KLA. As the level of KLA strengthens, its effects on each innovation path change. Overall, this article shows how KLA affects the relationship between the innovation path and innovation performance. The article concludes with a discussion of the implications of these insights for innovation management and policy.

The generation of novelty by exaptation: searching for properties and dynamics

Kybernetes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Laura Frigotto ◽  
Pamela Palmi
Keyword(s):  
Open Innovation ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Content Type ◽  
It Systems ◽  
Entrepreneurial Team ◽  
Definition Of

Purpose This paper aims to contribute to the understanding of novelty emergence in the context of an “off-line” open innovation system. Several contributions address novelty generation implying open innovation that is typically mediated by IT systems, while fewer address open innovation that takes place off-line, through new forms of collaboration happening in the so-called “physical spaces” and in widespread creativity contexts involving whole cities and territories. This research aims to clarify what the critical elements for novelty generation are, and how and why they interact in producing novelty. Design/methodology/approach This paper presents the case study of the Blackshape, a high-tech start-up that has become the Italian symbol of a new bottom-up economy that is grounded on high-education, a mix of territorial competencies and young initiative, and produces the development or growth of territories experiencing present or foreseen economic retardation for various reasons. This is a case in which novelty is emergent and takes place through exaptation. The case is used to elaborate an inductive understanding of the process of novelty generation through exaptation and follows a “conceptual composition” format (Berends and Deken, 2019). Findings This paper shows that initiatives building widespread creativity on the territory play a prominent role for emergent novelty generation, as they provide the context that sustains the efforts to keep on trying of entrepreneurs, welcomes unforeseen interaction and keeps interesting people on the territory that can be involved in random encounters. This paper adds that crucial contributions for the definition of the innovative project come from contributors that are expected to provide suggestions in other areas. Such prominent contributors are engaged in a sense “by mistake”, and here the randomness perceived by the actors experiencing it, because they are perceived to be able to provide some contributions, while they provide others that are more important to the project. This paper argues that such “perceived randomness” sustains a mechanism of selection of novelty generation partners that allows to go beyond the ability of actors themselves to design and foresee other actors’ contribution into the project. Finally, two other elements play a role: how the project is narrated, as well as, how the entrepreneurial team communicates their entrepreneurial competence for the project. Research limitations/implications This theoretical understanding builds on only one case study; further research might validate the critical role of our understanding of novelty generation elements and help develop their dynamics further. Practical implications Many elements in our understanding of novelty generation have typically been understood as resulting from luck and randomness, leaving, therefore, very little hope to actors’ interest in supporting them. This paper claims that such elements and such dynamics can be sustained and novelty generation can indirectly be supported, for instance, by suggesting a high openness and sharing of one’s own project even to accidentally encountered actors, as one’s own ability to foresee how they might contribute to the project is very poor. Originality/value This paper provides a tentative understanding of the elements and dynamics of novelty generation through exaptation building on theoretical elaboration that is inductively triggered and stimulated by empirical evidence.

Conditions and possibilities for symbiosis of Russia with developed countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 815-834
Author(s):  
V.V. Smirnov
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Global Recession ◽  
Advanced Economies ◽  
Small Countries ◽  
And Cluster Analysis ◽  
Favorable Conditions

Subject. The article considers the symbiosis of Russia with developed countries. Objectives. The purpose is to identify conditions and possibilities for the symbiosis of Russia with advanced economies to establish a process of concentrated internationalization of financial capital for the market economy development completion, formation of full-fledged capitalism with stable dynamics of productive forces. Methods. The study rests on the systems approach, using the methods of descriptive statistics, neural network, nonparametric and cluster analysis. Results. The study reveals favorable conditions for the symbiosis of Russia with developed countries. They appear due to low requirements to the volume and connectivity of attracted high-tech capital. This enables to use the potential of small countries, motivating them to satisfy their ‘resource hunger’. Russia's transition to the said symbiosis is hindered by the policy of smooth devaluation of the national currency, which is used to increase the growth rate of total government expenditure and current GDP, and adversely affects the growth rate of gross national saving. Conclusions. The grounds for emergence of conditions and opportunities for the symbiosis of Russia with developed countries include the high values of financial development and low economic growth in Russia against the declining growth rates of the world economy and weakening of globalization process. The basis of Russia's symbiosis with developed countries is the mutually agreed necessity to internationalize capital in the form of investment financial institutions, which increase its concentration in production for the development of productive forces in conditions of the increasing risk of global recession.

DEVELOPMENT OF A SYSTEM FOR ASSESSING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE USE OF STATE RESOURCES TO CREATE A NATIONAL INNOVATION SYSTEM AS A FACTOR IN INCREASING THE STATE'S ECONOMIC SECURITY

2020 ◽  
pp. 185-197
Author(s):  
Anatoliy B. Yaroshchuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Model ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Innovation Systems ◽  
National Innovation System ◽  
Market Model ◽  
National Innovation Systems ◽  
Public Resources

The article considers the current and future systems for assessing the effectiveness of the use of state resources to create a national innovation system as a factor in improving the economic security of the state, the author develops a methodological approach to assessing the effectiveness of the use of state resources to create a national innovation system. The cyclical development of the world economy in the conditions of globalization is connected, first of all, with the change of technological structures, as well as with the provision of competitiveness for all levels of economic management. In the domestic and foreign economic literature, there is an idea of the national innovation system, which covers all types of economic objects in the country with innovations, increasing their competitiveness, and, thus, the national economy as a whole, and also directly affects the increase in the level of economic security of the country. Most developed countries and many developing countries have already established or are in the process of establishing their national innovation systems, built either on the basis of models already known and tested in other countries, or new, unique models for building innovation systems. The differences between these models of creation of national innovation systems of different countries are, both in the levels of economic objects, which are the basis of innovative breakthrough, and in the degree of use of public resources: "centralized model", based on public resources, or "market model", or a mixed model of "public-private partnership". These issues are the basis for consideration of the presented article. The methodological basis for writing the article was modern scientific research methods, including: dialectical method, method of system analysis, methods of analogy, comparative analysis, expert methods, structural-functional and normative approaches.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document