scholarly journals Utilisation Des Caractères Biochimiques, Agronomiques Et Morphologiques Pour L’évaluation De La Diversité Génétique Des Variants D’orangers Dans La Région Du Gharb, Maroc

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Yacoubi R. ◽  
N. Handaji ◽  
N. Arsalane ◽  
M. Ibriz ◽  
H. Benyahia
Keyword(s):  
Clay Soil ◽  
Clonal Selection ◽  
Citrus Fruit ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Equatorial Diameter ◽  
Parent Variety ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Citrus Varieties ◽  
Orange Trees ◽  
Final Selection

20 clones of orange trees, identified at the level of the collection of nucellar citrus varieties, have been the subject of several tests of behavior at the level of different citrus fruit sites in Morocco. Indeed, the present work aims to evaluate these variants on a clay soil at the Gharb region (INRA/Kenitra). The variants grafted on Citrange troyer were divided into three groups. Each group contains variants, genetically similar, from seedlings of the same parent variety. Clonal selection is based on the synthesis of the results of the study of the variability of the criteria of fruit quality and production. The average yield varies from 44.25 kg / tree to 217.30 kg / tree. While the average weight of a fruit varies from 95 g to 360 g. The results showed a predominance of juicy and medium-sized fruits with an equatorial diameter greater than 56 mm, acceptable for the fresh fruit market or the juice industry. The maturity coefficient study of the variants within each group, or between the three groups, showed that the harvest period extends over four months, from December to March. The final selection was focused on six productive and good quality variants. These promising variants have been described according to UPOV, and then presented for registration in the official catalog.

Navel Orange Pitting Stimulated by Waxing and High Storage Temperature

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 520b-520
Author(s):  
Huating Dou ◽  
Peter D. Petracek ◽  
Craig Davis
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Citrus Fruit ◽  
Navel Orange ◽  
Oil Glands ◽  
C Storage ◽  
High Storage Temperature ◽  
Florida Citrus ◽  
Citrus Varieties

Navel oranges are reportedly susceptible to postharvest peel disorders, including chilling injury and aging/stem end rind breakdown. These and other physiological disorders are sometimes given the common term “navel rind breakdown.” California citrus industry reports on recent incidences of navel rind breakdown suggested that some instances of this disorder were similar to “postharvest pitting,” a disorder that we have observed in a number of Florida citrus varieties. Thus, we decided to define the morphology and etiology of pitting of `Washington' navel orange (Citrus sinensis L.) peel. The disorder was characterized by the collapse of clusters of oil glands and was stimulated by wax application and high temperature (≥13 °C) storage. Internal ethanol levels of waxed fruit stored at high temperature (13 or 21 °C) were significantly higher among fruit that developed pitting than those that did not. The pitting observed in these studies is comparable to previously observed navel orange disorders that have occurred without known cause. Navel orange pitting is morphologically and etiologically distinct from chilling injury and aging/stem end rind breakdown, but is similar to postharvest pitting of Florida citrus fruit.

scholarly journals Expression and functional analysis of the nobiletin biosynthesis-related gene CitOMT in citrus fruit

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mao Seoka ◽  
Gang Ma ◽  
Lancui Zhang ◽  
Masaki Yahata ◽  
Kazuki Yamawaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Citrus Fruit ◽  
Satsuma Mandarin ◽  
Important Health ◽  
Nutritional Qualities ◽  
Citrus Varieties ◽  
Ponkan Mandarin ◽  
Methylation Activity ◽  
New Strategies

Abstract Nobiletin, a polymethoxy flavone (PMF), is specific to citrus and has been reported to exhibit important health-supporting properties. Nobiletin has six methoxy groups at the 3′,4′,5,6,7,8-positions, which are catalyzed by O-methyltransferases (OMTs). To date, researches on OMTs in citrus fruit are still limited. In the present study, a novel OMT gene (CitOMT) was isolated from two citrus varieties Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.) and Ponkan mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco), and its function was characterized in vitro. The results showed that the expression of CitOMT in the flavedo of Ponkan mandarin was much higher than that of Satsuma mandarin during maturation, which was consistent with the higher accumulation of nobiletin in Ponkan mandarin. In addition, functional analysis showed that the recombinant protein of CitOMT had methylation activity to transfer a methyl group to 3′-hydroxy group of flavones in vitro. Because methylation at the 3′-position of flavones is vital for the nobiletin biosynthesis, CitOMT may be a key gene responsible for nobiletin biosynthesis in citrus fruit. The results presented in this study will provide new strategies to enhance nobiletin accumulation and improve the nutritional qualities of citrus fruit.

scholarly journals Oxidative Metabolism in ‘Valencia’ Sweet Orange (Citrus sinensis Osbeck) Abscission Zone Tissue Treated with the Abscission Agent 5-Chloro-3-Methyl-4-Nitro-1H-Pyrazole

HortScience ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 377-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naveen Kumar ◽  
Robert C. Ebel
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Metabolism ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Sweet Orange ◽  
Malonic Dialdehyde ◽  
Citrus Fruit ◽  
Abscission Zone ◽  
Specific Activities ◽  
Orange Trees

5-Chloro-3-methyl-4-nitro-1H-pyrazole (CMNP) is an abscission agent, standardized for the mechanical harvesting of late season ‘Valencia’ sweet oranges in Florida. This work was conducted to investigate the role of CMNP to induce oxidative stress in the abscission zone (AZ) of ‘Valencia’ sweet orange. Fully mature ‘Valencia’ sweet orange trees in a commercial grove were sprayed with 2.0 mm of CMNP. The experiment was repeated three times during the Apr.–May 2013 harvest season. Fruit were harvested at 0, 1, 2, and 3 days after CMNP application. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentration and malonic dialdehyde (MDA) concentration, as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APOD), glutathione reductase (GR), peroxidase (POD), and lipoxygenase (LOX) specific activities were measured 0, 1, 2, and 3 days after CMNP treatment (DAT). Rate of lipid peroxidation remains unchanged throughout the abscission period. However, LOX activity increased 1 DAT in AZ of treated fruit, which might produce jasmonic acid (JA), known to promote abscission in citrus. Levels of H2O2 were similar in the AZ of control and treated fruit except at 3 DAT. The specific activity of SOD declined at 2 DAT, which showed compromised SOD defense against superoxide radicals (O·−). APOD activity declined sharply at 3 DAT. Interestingly, GR activity was 1.9-fold higher in CMNP-treated fruit at 3 DAT. Higher GR and low APOD activity reflects limited functioning of the APOD/GR cycle (e.g., APOD and GR) in scavenging of H2O2 at 3 DAT. Guaiacol POD activity transiently increased at 1 DAT and then declined. POD plays an important role in cell wall lignification and indole acetic acid (IAA) oxidation. The decline in POD activity may cause a decrease in lignification while higher activity made the AZ sensitive to ethylene and thus promote abscission in citrus fruit. This work also showed that CMNP-induced abscission is a collaborative effort of oxidative metabolism in flavedo tissue (FT) and AZ.

scholarly journals Numerical Modelling Observations of Settlement for Pad Footings Supported on Soft Clay Soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 1200 (1) ◽  
pp. 012032
Author(s):  
O A Arab ◽  
A J M S Lim ◽  
S Y Sim ◽  
N A A Guntor
Keyword(s):  
Water Table ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Soft Clay ◽  
Shallow Foundations ◽  
Optimal Size ◽  
Numerical Techniques ◽  
Concentrated Load ◽  
Settlement Calculation ◽  
Elastic Settlement ◽  
The Subject

Abstract Settlement calculation is an important part in the design of shallow foundations resting on soft soils. The size of the foundation, the depth of the footings, and the rise in ground water level are thought to influence settlement and have been the subject of much research for many years. Thus, this study compared several pad footing sizes using numerical techniques as the basis. The first objective of this study was to analyse soil and pad footing settlement, and to determine the optimal size of footing that withstands excessive settlement due to variation in the water table and the depth of the foundation. Three footing embedment depths of 1.5, 2, and 3m with three water table positions, at the GL (0m), 1.5, and 3m with an applied foundation concentrated load of 440 kN using five footing models of 1.5mx1.5m, 2mx1.5m, 2 m x 2 m, 2.5x1.5m, and 2.5x1.5m pad footing with a uniform thickness of 0.5m were considered. In this study, a 3D Plaxis simulation is used for predicting the settlement of shallow foundations on soft clay soils. Settlement results were discovered at various water table positions and foundation depths. The study found that the 2.5x2m footing was deemed the best among the simulated foundations, and the 3m foundation embedment was considered the best at shallow depths due to less excessive settlement than the other tested foundations. The settlement had a significant impact on the size of the foundation and the depth of the footing. The depth of the water table has a small impact on the settlement. Parametric analysis is also being used to gain a better understanding of the behaviour of the elastic settlement of various shallow foundations. It is found that the footing area increases, settlement decreases and vice versa.

Quantification of Carotenoids in Citrus Fruit by LC-MS and Comparison of Patterns of Seasonal Changes for Carotenoids among Citrus Varieties

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 2356-2368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hikaru Matsumoto ◽  
Yoshinori Ikoma ◽  
Masaya Kato ◽  
Takeshi Kuniga ◽  
Naoko Nakajima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Citrus Fruit ◽  
Citrus Varieties

scholarly journals IDENTIFIKASI POTENSI SARI BUAH JERUK MENJADI LISTRIK SEBAGAI SUMBER BELAJAR FISIKA MATERI ARUS LISTRIK SISWA SMP KELAS IX

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fitriyaningsih . ◽  
Partono .
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Study ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Citrus Fruit ◽  
Lemon Juice ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Anova Analysis ◽  
Learning Resource ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Citrus Varieties

The purpose of this study was 1. To know potential of different citrus fruit juice varieties into electricity. 2. To know juice of citrus varieties that have the potential to be superior in electrical 3. To know piece of research that can be used as a learning resource. 4. To know learning resources that can be generated from the research. The place is a laboratory study was conducted of science, University of Muhammadiyah Metro May 25, 2014. Oranges juice were taken from five different varieties are citrus, lime, tangerine, grapefruit, and lime. There are three variations of existing experiments in the study of differences in varieties, differences in the distance between the electrodes, and the difference in volume. There are five treatments and five repetitions in this experiment. In the process the research data used ANOVA analysis of non-parametric Kruskal Wallis test. The experimental results showed that the juice that comes from different varieties have different potentials in into electricity. Lemon juice is the most superior varieties as electricity. Part of research that can be used as a learning resource that the pH value of each citrus varieties, the use of digital multitester, and the voltage generated. The results of this study can benefit as a learning resource in the form of worksheets. 

scholarly journals 567 Effects of Mancozeb, NOVA, GA, and Yeast-like Fungi on Stylar-end Russeting of Navel Orange

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 544B-544
Author(s):  
E.W. Stover ◽  
M. Myers ◽  
R.M. Sonoda ◽  
Z. Guo
Keyword(s):  
Citrus Fruit ◽  
Rhodotorula Glutinis ◽  
Navel Orange ◽  
Pome Fruit ◽  
Liquid Suspension ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Repeated Applications ◽  
Florida Citrus ◽  
Orange Trees

Stylar-end russetting (SER) is a cosmetic defect of Florida citrus fruit most frequently associated with navel orange. SER is evident as spots or streaks of corky tissue that often form a network of intersecting lines. Occurrence of SER is reported to vary widely from year to year, but some orchards have a history of severe SER, with fruit culled annually for this defect. Growers report that SER is typically first evident in August. The cause of SER has not been determined. Reports of yeast-like fungi inducing russet in pome fruit suggest that similar organisms may be implicated in SER. Yeast-like fungi were isolated on acid PDA from navel oranges in an orchard with frequent severe SER. Strains were selected with a wide range of colony morphology, but were not identified taxonomically. These strains, and strains of Aureobasidium pullulans and Rhodotorula glutinis that caused russetting in pome fruit, were grown in liquid suspension and sprayed on navel orange trees with three repeated applications during July and Aug. 1998. No increase in SER was observed on strain-inoculated trees compared to controls. Two broad-spectrum fungicides were sprayed on other navel orange trees to further explore the possibility that fungi may be involved in SER. GA (gibberellic acid) was also applied in this experiment because it can reduce russetting in apples. All applications were made five times at 3-week intervals in June through Sept 1998. SER was assessed in fruit harvested late Sept. 1998. The proportion of fruit with less than 10% of the surface exhibiting SER was 51% for controls, increased to 69% where myclobutanil was applied at 74 mg a.i./L and increased further to 93% where manganese ethylenebisdithiocarbamate was applied at 1775 mg a.i./L. GA did not significantly influence SER.

scholarly journals NAA and 3,5,6-TPA Control Mature Fruit Drop in California Citrus

HortScience ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 1296-1299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael F. Anthony ◽  
Charles W. Coggins
Keyword(s):  
Untreated Control ◽  
Citrus Fruit ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Navel Orange ◽  
Synthetic Auxins ◽  
Fruit Drop ◽  
Equivalent Basis ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Orange Trees

The synthetic auxins NAA and 3,5,6-TPA were investigated for reducing abscission of mature citrus fruit in California (CA). NAA was investigated on navel orange trees in San Joaquin Valley and southern CA locations. Of the seven NAA experiments presented, five had substantial fruit drop. In these five experiments, a treatment of NAA reduced drop by 31% to 88% compared to the untreated control. Although NAA treatments as low as 25 mg·L-1 (acid equivalent) reduced drop, the greatest reductions in drop were obtained by spray concentrations in the 100 to 400 mg·L-1 range. 3,5,6-TPA was investigated for fruit drop control properties on navel orange and grapefruit grown in various CA locations. The untreated control in seven of the ten 3,5,6-TPA experiments had substantial fruit drop. In each of these cases, a treatment of 10, 15 or 20 mg·L-1 (acid equivalent) of 3,5,6-TPA reduced drop 69% to 96% compared to the untreated control. A strong linear response from 3,5,6-TPA in these seven experiments indicates maximum fruit drop reduction from the highest rate investigated. On an acid equivalent basis 3,5,6-TPA seems to be comparable to 2,4-D. Both NAA and 3,5,6-TPA were effective in controlling preharvest fruit drop in citrus under CA conditions. Both materials provided fruit holding late into the harvest season. NAA, and in particular 3,5,6-TPA, offer the potential to provide a substitute for 2,4-D which is commonly used for controlling fruit drop in many countries. Chemical names used: naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA); 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinyloxyacetic acid (3,5,6-TPA, triclopyr); 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D).

scholarly journals Выделение и изучение биотипов в популяции сорта винограда Мускат янтарный

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.L. Studennikova ◽  
Z.V. Kotolovets
Keyword(s):  
Clonal Selection ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Grapevine Cultivar ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Productivity Indicators ◽  
Selection Of

Представлены результаты работы по клоновой селекции винограда сорта Мускат янтарный на промышленных насаждениях ООО Качинский (г. Севастополь) площадью 11,5 га. Установлено, что популяция сорта Мускат янтарный варьирует по параметрам (длина, ширина, средний вес) грозди. В результате проведенных исследований выделены три группы кустов (биотипов), различающиеся по величине и массе грозди. Приведены морфологические и биолого-хозяйственные признаки биотипов сорта винограда Мускат янтарный, а также механический состав их гроздей и ягод. Показано, что урожайность промышленных насаждений сорта Мускат янтарный, наряду с другими факторами, определяется соотношением биотипов в них. Экономически оправдан отбор протоклонов биотипа III, которые по показателям продуктивности превышают контроль на 2,0 кг/куст, сохраняя качество ягод.The paper presents the results of the work on clonal selection of Muscat Yantarniy grapevine cultivar in commercial vineyards of OOO Kachinsky (Sevastopol) occupying 11.5 ha. The study established that population of cv. Muscat Yantarniy varies by bunch parameters (length, width, average weight). The study singled out three groups of bushes (biotypes) varying in bunch size and weight. Morphological, biological and economic features of cv. Muscat Yantarniy biotypes are given along with mechanical composition of bunches and berries. It is demonstrated that the yield from cv. Muscat Yantarniy commercial plantations, among other factors, is determined by the ratio of the biotypes. Thus, selection of the biotype III protoclones exceeding control productivity indicators by 2 kg/bush while maintaining quality of the berries is economically feasible..

scholarly journals Antioxidant capacity in fruit of Citrus cultivars with marked differences in pulp coloration: Contribution of carotenoids and vitamin C

2020 ◽  
pp. 108201322094401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime Zacarías-García ◽  
Florencia Rey ◽  
José-Vicente Gil ◽  
María J Rodrigo ◽  
Lorenzo Zacarías
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Citrus Fruit ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Citrus Fruits ◽  
Weak Correlation ◽  
Total Carotenoid Content ◽  
Lipophilic Antioxidant ◽  
Citrus Varieties ◽  
Specific Contribution

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the specific contribution of carotenoids and vitamin C to the lipophilic and hydrophilic antioxidant capacity, respectively, of the pulp of citrus fruits using the genetic diversity in pigmentation and in the carotenoid complement. To this end, six citrus varieties were selected: two mandarins, Clemenules ( Citrus clementina) and Nadorcott ( C. reticulata); two grapefruits ( C. paradisi), Marsh and Star Ruby; and two sweet oranges ( C. sinensis), Valencia late and Valencia Ruby. Total carotenoid content and composition in the pulp of fruits were very different, in relation to their color singularities. Valencia Ruby and Nadorcott had the highest carotenoid content, accumulating the former large amounts of linear carotenes (phytoene, phytofluene, and lycopene) and Nadorcott of β-cryptoxanthin. Orange fruits contained the highest amount of vitamin C while in Nadorcott mandarin it was substantially lower. Analysis of antioxidant capacity, evaluated by 2,2’-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline sulfonate) (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays, in the pulp of the different fruit varieties indicated a high and positive correlation between vitamin C content and hydrophilic antioxidant capacity. Nevertheless, a weak correlation was observed between carotenoids content and lipophilic antioxidant capacity in the pulp extracts assayed by ABTS. Overall, vitamin C in the pulp of citrus fruit had an important contribution to the hydrophilic antioxidant capacity, whereas that of carotenoids to lipophilic antioxidant capacity was very variable, being the highest that of Valencia Ruby orange, with large concentrations of lycopene and phytoene, followed by Nadorcott mandarin, with high β-cryptoxanthin content.

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