scholarly journals Audiometry and doping control in competitive deaf sport

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (33) ◽  
pp. 80-91
Author(s):  
Adam Michał Szulc ◽  
Ildikó Balatoni ◽  
Sylwia Kopeć
Keyword(s):  
Hard Of Hearing ◽  
World Literature ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Doping Control ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sports Events ◽  
The World ◽  
World Anti Doping Agency ◽  
Control Criterion

In the past forty years both the participating countries and the participants at the Summer Deaflympics Games have increased by 2.5-fold. Furthermore, there are approximately fifty European or World sports events organized for the hearing impaired. The aim of the paper was to discuss the procedures and requirements related to doping control in deaf people’s competitive sport in the context of the rising number of sports events and the participating athletes.For the sake of the fair play spirit of the dynamically developing deaf sports, The International Committee of Sports for the Deaf (ICSD) introduced rules governing the participation of hard-of-hearing athletes in sports events. Healthy individuals with a hearing loss of at least 55 dB are allowed. Thus, audiometric examination constitutes the first doping control criterion. Since 2004, ICSD has been cooperating with the World Anti-Doping Agency. The second criterion is, therefore, blood and urine sample control for prohibited substances. The 23rd Summer Deaflympics in 2017 involved 2858 athletes. Overall, 842 (29.5%) participants were randomly subjected to an audiological test; 9 competitors from different countries were disqualified because of non-compliance with the ICSD standards. A total of 300 randomly selected athletes underwent doping control for prohibited substances; 1 was disqualified. The world literature lacks scientific reports on deaf sports, including doping control.

scholarly journals The independence of brazilian antidoping as to the ties between the State and sports federations

1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Giordani Vasques ◽  
◽  
Flávio Py Mariante Neto ◽  
Nicole Marceli Nunes Cardoso ◽  
Marco Paulo Stigger
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Doping Control ◽  
Documentary Analysis ◽  
The World ◽  
World Anti Doping Agency ◽  
Control Authority ◽  
Pragmatic Sociology

The anti-doping globalization and harmonization processes, led mainly by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA), produced a series of interested institutions, which, according to the actors, must act independently, especially from national states and sports federations. In Brazil, however, the Brazilian Doping Control Authority (ABCD) was created in 2009 as a secretariat of the Ministry of Sports. The objective of this paper was to analyze how the actors associate and sustain a discourse of independence in the Brazilian anti-doping fight. Based on an ethnographic insertion, which included interviews and documentary analysis, this study describes, in the ways of pragmatic sociology and with the use of the Eliasian concept of interdependence, the approximations of the national anti-doping agency, especially with government actors as well as with Brazilian football federation. In this sense, we use the concepts of interdependence and harmonization to analyze associations and, thus, we reflect on the discourse of independence when presenting interests in associations between actors.

A balancing act: The revised rules of access to the ICRC Archives reflect multiple stakes and challenges

2018 ◽  
Vol 100 (907-909) ◽  
pp. 373-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valérie McKnight Hashemi
Keyword(s):  
International Committee ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World

AbstractThe International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) revised the access rules to its archives in 2017 for reasons that are complex, fascinating and deeply contemporary to our times. As these rules define when and to what extent the ICRC Archives are made available to the public, their contents are important for the institution as well as for wider audiences. The ICRC must ensure that it can implement its humanitarian mandate to protect and assist victims of armed conflicts and other situations of violence and preserve confidentiality, while sharing its past with the world at large. This article offers a historical overview of the ICRC Archives and the development of their access regulations until their latest revision in 2017. It shows that both today and in the past, the rules of access to the archives have resulted from choices made by the ICRC on how to balance its mandate and long-standing interests with contemporary opportunities and risks related to independent scrutiny.

A case of Acanthosis nigricans

1934 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 1053-1054
Author(s):  
M. Kubo ◽  
M. Kohsaka
Keyword(s):  
World Literature ◽  
Acanthosis Nigricans ◽  
Typical Case ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World

Over the past 43 years, 227 cases have been reported in the world literature. Acanth. nigric. In Europe 184 cases, in Japan 43 cases in 32 years. Autopsies were seldom performed and their number did not exceed 20. The authors had an opportunity to observe a typical case in a 59-year-old peasant.

scholarly journals Cosmopolitanism and Planetary Studies: Paradigms for Rewriting the Past

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-128
Author(s):  
Letitia Guran
Keyword(s):  
World Literature ◽  
World Order ◽  
Republic Of Letters ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Cultural Dialogue ◽  
Romanian Literature

This paper discusses recent models of world literature rewriting in light of the 2018 Romanian Literature as World Literature, which remaps some of the most representative Romanian authors and movements according to the intersectional frameworks advanced by Immanuel Wallerstein’s world systemstheory, Pascale Casanova’s world republic of letters, and others. In their plea for what the book’s editors call planetary, cosmopolitan studies, the sixteen contributors reread canonical Romanian texts and advocate for a new literary world order, within which Romanian literature is regarded in a less hierarchical/dichotomic fashion, as a literature of the world. This initiative seeks to reposition Romanian literature as a diverse, active, and dynamic partner in the world’s cultural dialogue. My essay addresses a paradox which is very much at the centre of the book: how can one promote intercultural, non-hegemonic models of dialogue when translation and marketability still restrict the participation of “marginal” cultures in the planetary, cosmopolitan exchange of ideas?

Probing for corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) in human blood for doping control purposes using immunoaffinity purification and LC-HRMS/MS

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (29) ◽  
pp. 4304-4310 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Knoop ◽  
A. Thomas ◽  
M. Bidlingmaier ◽  
P. Delahaut ◽  
W. Schänzer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Blood ◽  
Peptide Hormone ◽  
Doping Control ◽  
Corticotropin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Immunoaffinity Purification ◽  
The World ◽  
World Anti Doping Agency ◽  
Cortisol Release

Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), a peptide hormone whose secretion leads to adrenal cortisol release, is classified as prohibited substance by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA).

scholarly journals Why (Not) World Literature

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen L. Thornber
Keyword(s):  
World Literature ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World

Increasing attention to the enduring processes of cosmopolitanism, globalization, and transnationalism, together with growing frustration with the geographic, linguistic, and conceptual limitations of many fields of literature, has led in the past two decades to burgeoning interest in the discipline of world literature. Institutes, conferences, articles, volumes, and journals on various aspects of world literature are proliferating around the world as never before. But the challenges facing world literature remain significant. One of the largest is the field’s continuing biases, and in particular its tendency—despite its name—to privilege literature that not only has been embraced by Western readers but also conforms to the expectations of Western scholars. Just as important is the failure of world literature to integrate the study of literature more comprehensively with urgent matters of global significance. The pages below elaborate on the first challenge and address the second, identifying several opportunities going forward.

scholarly journals Urine Caffeine Concentration in Doping Control Samples from 2004 to 2015

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Millán Aguilar-Navarro ◽  
Gloria Muñoz ◽  
Juan Salinero ◽  
Jesús Muñoz-Guerra ◽  
María Fernández-Álvarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Doping Control ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Ergogenic Effect ◽  
Caffeine Concentration ◽  
In Doping ◽  
The World ◽  
World Anti Doping Agency ◽  
Individual Sports ◽  
Control Samples

The ergogenic effect of caffeine is well-established, but the extent of its consumption in sport is unknown at the present. The use of caffeine was considered “prohibited” until 2004, but this stimulant was moved from the List of Prohibited Substances to the Monitoring Program of the World Anti-Doping Agency to control its use by monitoring urinary caffeine concentration after competition. However, there is no updated information about the change in the use of caffeine as the result of its inclusion in the Monitoring Program. The aim of this study was to describe the changes in urine caffeine concentration from 2004 to 2015. A total of 7488 urine samples obtained in official competitions held in Spain and corresponding to athletes competing in Olympic sports (2788 in 2004, 2543 in 2008, and 2157 in 2015) were analyzed for urine caffeine concentration. The percentage of samples with detectable caffeine (i.e., >0.1 μg/mL) increased from ~70.1%, in 2004–2008 to 75.7% in 2015. The median urine caffeine concentration in 2015 (0.85 μg/mL) was higher when compared to the median value obtained in 2004 (0.70 μg/mL; p < 0.05) and in 2008 (0.70 μg/mL; p < 0.05). The urine caffeine concentration significantly increased from 2004 to 2015 in aquatics, athletics, boxing, judo, football, weightlifting, and rowing (p < 0.05). However, the sports with the highest urine caffeine concentration in 2015 were cycling, athletics, and rowing. In summary, the concentration of caffeine in the urine samples obtained after competition in Olympic sports in Spain increased from 2004 to 2015, particularly in some disciplines. These data indicate that the use of caffeine has slightly increased since its removal from the list of banned substances, but urine caffeine concentrations suggest that the use of caffeine is moderate in most sport specialties. Athletes of individual sports or athletes of sports with an aerobic-like nature are more prone to using caffeine in competition.

scholarly journals Russian and Russian-speaking prose in the situation of multiculturality: experience of Kazakhstan

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-246
Author(s):  
Uliana V. Ovcherenko ◽  
Irina V. Monisova
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Cultural Processes ◽  
Literary Process ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Post Soviet Space

The article is devoted to the modern literary process in Kazakhstan, specially its Russian and Russian-speaking segment against the background of integration movements in the world and specific cultural processes in the post-Soviet space. It reveals how much the situation and part of literature created in Russian language in the region over the past decades has changed, how a different identity, the mentality of a different culture is expressed and how in turn this culture affects Russian-language texts. An attempt is made to trace the main trends in the development of modern Kazakhstani literature in Russian, in connection with which the works of I. Odegov, G. Doronin, H. Adibaev, D. Nakipov, A. Zhaksylykov and others are analyzed. It is concluded that the Russian language, even after losing its former status, remains in demand in the literature not only by ethnic Russians, but also by Kazakh bilinguals who are successfully experimenting with Turkisms. At the same time, Russian authors are concerned about the preservation of national identity, which motivates the appeal to classics and national folklore, while Kazakhs are more focused on the space of world literature.

scholarly journals DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA AND SURGICAL APPROACHES TO THE TREATMENT OF OVARIAN TUMOR NOMINATIONS

2020 ◽  
pp. 51-54
Author(s):  
M. O. Shcherbina ◽  
I. M. Shcherbina ◽  
O. V. Saltovsky
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Optimal Algorithm ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Ovarian Tumors ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World

Resume. The aim of the work was to study modern diagnostic criteria and surgical approaches to the treatment of ovarian tumors. The objectives of the work were to highlight the arsenal of diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities of modern medicine for various ovarian tumors, discuss the advantages and disadvantages of methods and select the optimal algorithm for managing patients with this pathology. Materials and methods. A retrospective study of cases of ovarian tumors in patients over the past 5 years, studied the current data of the world literature on this topic. The conclusions of the work indicate the need for a comprehensive approach to the diagnosis and treatment of ovarian tumors and an individual approach to the patient in each case.

scholarly journals Proposed amendments to the Constitution

1985 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-53
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Executive Board ◽  
World Congress ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Task Oriented

The following amendments to ISPO's Constitution have been formulated by the Executive Board and will be discussed and voted on by the International Committee at their meeting which will be held in association with the World Congress in Copenhagen, Denmark from 29th June-4th July 1986. The main purpose of the proposed amendment to clause 4.5 of the present Constitution is to take account of how the Committee Structure has developed over the past decade and to introduce the concepts of Task Officers and Ad Hoc Committees. It is the feeling of the Executive Board that such an arrangement will result in a more efficient task oriented organization. Additionally, the proposed amendment 4.4.2.1 will regularise the position of resigning Presidents. Before the International Committee discuss these proposals Members and Fellows are invited to comment. Comments should be received by the Honorary Secretary before 1st February, 1986.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document