Facial expression recognition accuracy of valence emotion among high and low indicated PTSD

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azra Kurtić ◽  
Nurka Pranjić
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Recognition Accuracy ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stressful Event ◽  
Harvard Trauma Questionnaire ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Expressed Emotions ◽  
Experimental Group

Introduction: Emotional experience of stressful event reflects itself in form of inability to start and maintain social contact, to cope with stress and sometimes distorted cognitive outages. Aim: To test hypothesis that facially expressed emotions were useful monitor in practice as mediator for understanding nature of emotionally difficulties of traumatized forty-two individuals are facing with. Primary task was assessed whether psychologically traumatized individuals differ in facial recognition accuracy, and secondary, accuracy positive versus negative emotions among two studied groups. Subject and methods: The total sample of participants were divided in two groups based on score results of DSM- IV Harvard Trauma Questionnaire, Bosnia and Herzegovina version which was expressed perception of their PTSD symptoms self- assessed used of the score results of DSM- IV Harvard Trauma Questionnaire– Bosnia and Herzegovina version (the experimental group with high indicative PTSD and control group without moderate PTSD). Accuracy of recognition of seven facially expressed emotions was investigated. The authors presented results of significantly lower (p<.05) recognition accuracy in experimental group for all studied emotions with exception of emotion of sadness. Also, recognition of negative emotions are more accurate (p<.05). These findings suggest that emotional stress leads to a less accurate recognition of facially expressed emotions especially positive valence emotions.

Brief psycho-education for caregivers of persons with first episode psychosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Praful Prabhuappa Kapse ◽  
Manisha Kiran
Keyword(s):  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Expressed Emotions ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Group Family

Caring for the persons with first episode psychosis is challenging and demanding. It may lead to the increased burden, expressed emotions among the caregivers. The numerous studies have shown that high burden and negative expressed emotions among caregivers can lead to early relapse in the patients with first episode psychosis. To evaluate the effects of the brief psychoeducation on the caregivers burden and expressed emotions. A quasi experimental - before and after with control group research design was adopted for the study. A total of 60 caregivers have participated in the study, of which 30 caregivers in experimental group and 30 caregivers in the control group. Family Burden Interview Schedule (Pai and Kapoor, 1981) and Attitude Questionnaire (Sethi et al., 1981) was used to assess caregiver's burden and expressed emotions. At end of the psychoeducation intervention, burden among caregivers and negative expressed emotions of the caregivers have significantly reduced. The positive expressed emotions have been increased. Study results demonstrates the importance of psychoeducation intervention in reducing the burden and negative expressed emotions.

scholarly journals Effects of Depressive Symptoms, Feelings, and Interoception on Reward-Based Decision-Making: Investigation Using Reinforcement Learning Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 508
Author(s):  
Hiroyoshi Ogishima ◽  
Shunta Maeda ◽  
Yuki Tanaka ◽  
Hironori Shimada
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Reinforcement Learning ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Learning Task ◽  
Experimental Manipulation ◽  
Detection Task ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Experimental Group

Background: In this study, we examined the relationships between reward-based decision-making in terms of learning rate, memory rate, exploration rate, and depression-related subjective emotional experience, in terms of interoception and feelings, to understand how reward-based decision-making is impaired in depression. Methods: In all, 52 university students were randomly assigned to an experimental group and a control group. To manipulate interoception, the participants in the experimental group were instructed to tune their internal somatic sense to the skin-conductance-response waveform presented on a display. The participants in the control group were only instructed to stay relaxed. Before and after the manipulation, the participants completed a probabilistic reversal-learning task to assess reward-based decision-making using reinforcement learning modeling. Similarly, participants completed a probe-detection task, a heartbeat-detection task, and self-rated scales. Results: The experimental manipulation of interoception was not successful. In the baseline testing, reinforcement learning modeling indicated a marginally-significant correlation between the exploration rate and depressive symptoms. However, the exploration rate was significantly associated with lower interoceptive attention and higher depressive feeling. Conclusions: The findings suggest that situational characteristics may be closely involved in reward exploration and highlight the clinically-meaningful possibility that intervention for affective processes may impact reward-based decision-making in those with depression.

scholarly journals GRAMMATICAL DEVELOPMENT AND THE USE OF GRAMMATICALLY COMPLEX SENTENCES IN CHILDREN WHO STUTTER AND CHILDREN WHO DO NOT STUTTER

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-26
Author(s):  
Mirza Sitarević ◽  
◽  
Leila Begić ◽  
Zamir Mrkonjić ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Schools ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Spontaneous Speech ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Complex Sentences ◽  
Grammatical Development ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Experimental Group

The main aim of the research was to determine the development of grammar and the use of grammatically complex sentences in stuttering and non-stuttering children, and to determine whether there are differences in the above abilities between these two groups of respondents. The sample of respondents consisted of a total of 64 children aged 56-83 months. Respondents are divided into two groups. The experimental group consisted of 32 stuttering children, of whom 19 were male and 13 female. The control group consisted of 32 children who did not stutter, and who compared with age and gender, were equal with the respondents of the experimental group. The research was conducted in preschools and elementary schools in the area of the Tuzla and Una-Sana Cantons in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The results of the study showed that stuttering children show statistically lower abilities during repetition of sentences, as well as recognition, understanding and use of common morphological forms. However, it is important to point out that children who stutter, regardless of significantly lower results than their fluent speaking peers, have shown above-average grammatical abilities. Also, the results showed that both children who stutter and children who do not stutter in their spontaneous speech use complex sentences.

scholarly journals Effect of Comprehensive Nursing on Cervical Cancer Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 98-101
Author(s):  
Xiaoyun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Nursing Intervention ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Central Hospital ◽  
Experimental Group

Objective: To explore the effect of comprehensive nursing on patients with cervical cancer. Methods: A total of 100 cervical cancer patients, treated in Weihai Central Hospital from May 2020 to May 2021, were included in this study. The patients were cared for by different methods. They were divided into two groups, the control group and the experimental group, in which routine nursing and comprehensive nursing were given, respectively. The effect of the two different nursing methods on the patients were compared and analyzed. Results: After nursing intervention, the incidence of complications and the scores of depression and anxiety of the experimental group were significantly lower compared with the control group, P < 0.05. Conclusion: The application of comprehensive nursing among patients with cervical cancer has a positive significance on their recovery. It reduces the incidence of adverse reactions, improve patients’ negative emotions, and improve their satisfaction.

Morphometric analysis of peroxisomes in hepatocytes of alcohol-fed rats

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 1100-1101
Author(s):  
D.C. Dominguez ◽  
J.T. Ellzey
Keyword(s):  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Volume Density ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Numerical Density ◽  
Cacodylate Buffer ◽  
Paired Control ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Liver Peroxisomes ◽  
Single Lesion

Peroxisomes which participate in 1ipid metabolism have been shown to be altered in several metabolic disorders and toxic conditions. In alcoholic liver disease, the single lesion most frequently found is lipid accumu1ation in hepatocytes. However, the mechanisms for this 1ipid accumu1ation are not clear. The occurrence of modifications of liver peroxisomes due to excess alcohol consumption has not been subjected to a controlled study. We utilized a combination of cytochemica1 and morphometrictechniques to study the size and number of liver peroxisomes in rats fed an alcohol-supplemented diet compared to those of matched-paired control animals.Male Sprague-Daw1ey rats (400-500 g) received a liquid diet. The experimental group (N = 5/group) was fed a diet containing 30% ethanol-derived calories (EDC) and the control group was fed an isocaloric diet to 30% EDC. A pair feeding procedure was employed to control for caloric intake. Small pieces of liver randomly selected, were fixed in 2.3% -glutaraldehyde in 0.1 M sodium cacodylate buffer, pH 7.2, incubated in a DAB medium and postfixed with. 2% aqueous osmium tetroxide. EM photographs were taken from sections of 3 tissue blocks from each sample (7,200X) with a Zeiss EM10-A (60 kV). With the use of a point counting method and a digital planimeter the volume density (Vv) and numerical density (Nv) were determined.

Values and intergroup perceptions of East Germans and West Germans in 1998 1This research was supported by a grant from the German Research Society (We 1106/3-1).

1999 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-272
Author(s):  
Jörg Doll ◽  
Michael Dick
Keyword(s):  
Research Society ◽  
Frame Of Reference ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Perceived Similarity ◽  
The West ◽  
Need For Uniqueness ◽  
German Research ◽  
East German ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
East West

The studies reported here focus on similarities and dissimilarities between the terminal value hierarchies ( Rokeach, 1973 ) ascribed to different groups ( Schwartz & Struch, 1990 ). In Study 1, n = 65 East Germans and n = 110 West Germans mutually assess the respective ingroup and outgroup. In this intra-German comparison the West Germans, with a mean intraindividual correlation of rho = 0.609, perceive a significantly greater East-West similarity between the group-related value hierarchies than the East Germans, with a mean rho = 0.400. Study 2 gives East German subjects either a Swiss (n = 58) or Polish (n = 59) frame of reference in the comparison between the categories German and East German. Whereas the Swiss frame of reference should arouse a need for uniqueness, the Polish frame of reference should arouse a need for similarity. In accordance with expectations, the Swiss frame of reference significantly reduces the correlative similarity between German and East German from a mean rho = 0.703 in a control group (n = 59) to a mean rho = 0.518 in the experimental group. Contrary to expectations, the Polish frame of reference does not lead to an increase in perceived similarity (mean rho = 0.712).

Rorschach Characteristics in Adolescents with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

2006 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Santoantonio ◽  
L. Yazigi ◽  
E. I. Sato
Keyword(s):  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Control Study

The purpose of this study was to investigate the personality characteristics in adolescents with SLE. The research design is a case-control study by means of the Rorschach Method and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale. Study group: 30 female adolescents with lupus, 12–17 years of age. The SLE Disease Activity Index was administered during the period of psychological evaluation. Control group: 32 nonpatient adolescents were matched for age, sex, and socioeconomic level. In the Wechsler Intelligence Scale the mean IQ of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group (77 and 98, respectively, p < .001). In the Rorschach, the lupus patients showed greater difficulty in interpersonal interactions, although they displayed the resources to process affect and to cope with stressful situations. A positive moderate correlation (p = .069) between the activity index of the disease and the affect constriction proportion of the Rorschach was observed: the higher the SLEDAI score, the lower the capacity to process affect. There is a negative correlation between the activity index of the disease and the IQ (p = .001): with a higher activity index of the disease, less intellectual resources are available.

In a Working Mood?

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard Reinecke ◽  
Sabine Trepte
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Prior Experience ◽  
Computer Game ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mood Management ◽  
Management Processes ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Personal Media ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Subsequent Task

Abstract. This quasi-experimental study examined the effects of exposure to a computer game on arousal and subsequent task performance. After inducing a state of low arousal, participants were assigned to experimental or control conditions via self-selection. Members of the experimental group played a computer game for five minutes; subjects in the control group spent the same amount of time awaiting further instructions. Participants who were exposed to the computer game showed significantly higher levels of arousal and performed significantly better on a subsequent cognitive task. The pattern of results was not influenced by the participants' prior experience with the game. The findings indicate that mood-management processes associated with personal media use at the workplace go beyond the alteration of arousal and affect subsequent cognitive performance.

Impact of an educative program on dialysis patients’ knowledge and mental health: controlled before and after program

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 20204
Author(s):  
Laetitia Idier ◽  
Aurélie Untas ◽  
Nicole Rascle ◽  
Michèle Koleck ◽  
Maider Aguirrezabal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Vascular Access ◽  
Educational Program ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Emotional Change ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group

Introduction:Psychological impact of Therapeutic Patient Education (TPE) for dialysis patients is rarely evaluated since the focus of many studies is on medical variables (i.e., adherence).Objectives:The aims of this study were: 1) to estimate the impact of a TPE program on knowledge, depression and anxiety, 2) to examine change in knowledge as a mediator of the effects of a TPE program on mental health.Method:This study was conducted in three hemodialysis units and comprised two groups: an experimental group with education and a control group with routine care. The program was based of 5 educative sessions. Knowledge, depressive and anxious symptoms were assessed with self-reported outcomes measured before and 3 months after the program.Results:The sample comprised 125 patients. Knowledge about vascular access and nutrition (p < 0.01) and depressive symptoms increased in the experimental group (p < 0.01). Analysis of mediation showed that changes in knowledge about vascular access were a significant mediator of the effects of the program on depressive symptoms (F = 4.90;p = 0.01).Discussion:Knowledge acquired during an educational program could lead to an emotional change. Improving knowledge often leads to an awareness of the risks that can modify the psychological state of patients by reminding them of their vulnerability. This study shows that it is required to be attentive to the way of transmitting knowledge. It’s necessary adapting this transmission to the needs of patients and promoting the acquisition of psychosocial competence too.Conclusion:This study shows that knowledge acquired during an educational program can lead to an emotional change in the short term. A long-term follow-up of the population should be interesting to observe these emotional effects.

Соматические дисфункции у детей с задержкой речи

2017 ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
E. L. Kuznetsova ◽  
L. A. Dultsev ◽  
E. V. Safin
Keyword(s):  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Complex Therapy ◽  
Osteopathic Treatment ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Experimental Group

Goal of research - the study aims to examine the osteopathic profi le of children with dysarthria and to develop recommendations for osteopathic correction of somatic dysfunctions in 2-3 year old children presenting this pathology.Materials and methods. 30 2-3 year old children with the symptoms of dysarthria took part in the research. All the children were divided into 2 groups: the control group of 15 children received standard treatment, and the experimental group of 15 children received both standard and osteopathic treatment. The dysarthria severity and the osteopathic profi le were evaluated with account of the number of somatic dysfunctions at global, regional, and local levels.Results. The osteopathic correction was shown to have a positive effect on dysarthria severity. The study established a correlation between the dysarthria severity in children and the number of somatic dysfunctions at the local level.Conclusion. The study suggests using osteopathic correction of somatic dysfunctions in the complex therapy of dysarthria in children.

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