scholarly journals Effect of acidulated phosphate fluoride – gel and foam – on enamel caries-like lesion of primary teeth: an in vitro study

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 316
Author(s):  
Karin Faust Souza ◽  
Carla Miranda ◽  
Izabel Cristina Santos Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Primary Teeth ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Micro Hardness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Enamel Caries ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ph Cycling

The purpose of this study was to evaluate in vitro the effect of APF, gel and foam, for 1 to 4 minutes, on artificial enamel caries-like lesion of primary teeth submitted to the pH cycling. The specimens with medium values of initial superficial enamel micro-hardness between 272 and 331KHN were selected for the formation of the artificial caries lesion. Later, they were randomly divided into 6 groups (n=15): no pH cycling control, cycled control, gel 1min, gel 4min, foam 1min and foam 4min.The no pH cycling control group was maintained in an humid environment, while the application of APF and the pH cycling were accomplished. After, the specimens were sectioned at the center for the enamel cross-sectional micro-hardness test. The values of micro-hardness of the depths from 20 to 180mm were converted into percentile of mineral volume (%Vol) and the area of mineral recovery (∆ZR) was calculated.  In spite of there is no statistically significant differences, it was observed through the analysis of the ∆ZR a difference in the values for the groups gel 1min and foam 4min (p>0.05). The evaluation of %Vol indicated a significant difference only at 60mm depth (p=0.005). This study concluded that a single application of APF gel or foam, for 1 or 4 minutes, do not remineralize artificial enamel caries-like lesion of primary teeth

scholarly journals Histological and microhardness evaluation of early artificial carious lesions in human and bovine enamel: in vitro study

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Allan Kenji Masuda ◽  
Mayra Fidelis Zamboni Quitero ◽  
Luciana Cardoso Espejo-Trung ◽  
Maria Aparecida Alves Cerqueira Luz
Keyword(s):  
Polarized Light ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Polarization Microscopy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Enamel Caries ◽  
Carious Lesions ◽  
Ph Cycling ◽  
Bovine Enamel

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Early carious lesions in bovine and humanenamel developed in vitro using a pH cycling regimenwere compared. <strong>Material and Methods: </strong>Fifteencentral bovine incisors and fifteen recently extractedhuman third molars were randomly divided into twogroups: ten for the cross-sectional microhardness test(MT) and five for polarized light microscopy (PLM)analysis. Enamel blocks measuring 5 x 5 mm weremade from the buccal face of the teeth. The blocksused for the MT were sliced into two halves: “A” and“B”. “A” slices were embedded in acrylic resin, withthe face of the dentin-enamel junction left exposedfor the MT prior to pH cycling. “B” slices and wholeblocks were coated with acid-resistant varnish,except a 3 x 3 mm central window, and submitted tothe pH cycling regimen (demineralizing solution for3 h and remineralizing solution for 21 h) over fiveconsecutive days. The “B” slices were then submittedto the MT and the whole blocks were processed forthe PLM study. <strong>Results: </strong>The PLM analysis revealedshallow, extensive lesions in the bovine enamel,hardly showing the superficial, dark and translucentzones, as well as deep cavity lesions in the humanenamel, with the body of the lesion and the darkzone evident. The MT revealed a significant decreasein microhardness in the superficial levels of thebovine enamel caries and at all depth levels of thehuman enamel caries. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>The pH cyclingregimen adopted led to the development of deeperand more demineralized carious lesions in humanenamel than bovine enamel</p><p>Keywords<br />Dental caries; Dental enamel; Microhardness tests; Polarization microscopy.</p>

scholarly journals Biomimetic Mechanism of Action of Fluoridated Toothpaste Containing Proprietary REFIX Technology on the Remineralization and Repair of Demineralized Dental Tissues: An in vitro Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiano Vieira Vilhena ◽  
Sonia Mariza Luiz de Oliveira ◽  
Marcelo Henrick Maia Matochek ◽  
Pedro Luiz Santos Tomaz ◽  
Thales de Sá Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Elemental Analysis ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dentinal Tubules ◽  
Dental Tissues ◽  
Ph Cycling

Abstract Objectives This in vitro study aimed to characterize the mineral content and surface and cross-sectional morphology of enamel and dentin tissues treated with a 1450 ppm fluoride-containing toothpaste with REFIX technology. Materials and Methods Bovine enamel blocks (n = 5) were obtained (4 × 4 × 6 mm), demineralized (artificial caries lesion), and treated (pH cycling and brushing with the toothpaste). During the pH cycling, which lasted for 7 days (demineralization and remineralization took 6 and 18 hours, respectively), the enamel was brushed for 5 minutes using an electric toothbrush before being immersed in a remineralizing solution. The dentin blocks were acid-etched for 2 minutes (0.05 M citric acid, pH 1.8) to expose the dentinal tubules (n = 5). Morphological analysis of the dentin was performed immediately and after 7 days of brushing with the dentifrice, and compared with the control group. The specimens were then cross-sectioned. The surface and cross-sectional micromorphology were assessed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The elemental analyses (weight%) were determined with an energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Results The toothpaste with REFIX technology remineralized and repaired the surface enamel effectively. The elemental analysis also demonstrated that treating the enamel with the toothpaste formed a silicon-enriched mineral layer on the enamel surface. Elemental analysis of the enamel cross-sections showed that the toothpaste induced a mineral change. The results were also consistent in the dentin, where the dentinal tubules were progressively occluded until there was complete occlusion after 7 days. Conclusions We prove the biomimetic mechanism of action of fluoridated toothpaste containing proprietary REFIX technology for obtaining silicon-enriched, remineralized and repaired dental tissues.

Comparative Study to Evaluate the Surface Detail Reproduction of Dental Stone after Immersion in Various Different Disinfectant Solutions, Under Stereomicroscope 10 X Magnification –An In-Vitro Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rathika Rai ◽  
M. A. Easwaran ◽  
K. T. Dhivya
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Immersion Method ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Surface Irregularities ◽  
Disinfectant Solution ◽  
Surface Detail ◽  
Group B

Aim: To evaluate the surface detail reproduction of dental stone this is immersed in different disinfectant solution and studied under stereomicroscope. Methodology: Total number of 30 specimens of dental stone (Type III) were made with measurements of 1.5cm diameter and 1cm height .This samples are divided in to 3 groups group A,B,C. were A is immersed in Distilled water which was taken as control group ;B is immersed in 2% Glutaraldehyde and C is immersed in 5%sodium hypochlorite. Each specimen were immersed in the disinfectant solution for 15 minutes and dried under room temperature for 24 hrs. After 24 hrs each specimens are studied under stereomicroscope for surface details. Result: The results showed no significant difference in the surface irregularities and porosities for a group 1 and group 2 except group 3 which showed significant increase in the porosities, surface irregularities and erosions after disinfection with 5% NaHOCl by immersion method. Conclusion: The surface detail reproduction capacity of die stone was adversely affected when 5% Sodium hypochlorite was used as disinfectant solution when compare d to control group and 2% Glutaraldehyde

scholarly journals In vitro study of human osteoblast proliferation and morphology on orthodontic mini-implants

2015 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 920-926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Carvalho Bueno ◽  
Roberta Tarkany Basting
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Osteoblast Proliferation ◽  
Mini Implants ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Implant Anchorage ◽  
Positive Effect

ABSTRACT Objective:  To evaluate the proliferation and morphology of human osteoblasts cultured on two brands of mini-implants after 24, 48, and 72 hours, in addition to the chemical composition found on their surface. Materials and Methods:  Two brands of mini-implant (Morelli and Neodent) were evaluated; polystyrene was used as a control group (n  =  3). Osteoblasts were cultured on the surface of sterilized mini-implants in a CO2 incubator at different time periods (24, 48, and 72 hours). Osteoblast proliferation was quantified by scanning electron microscopy using up to 5000× magnification, and cell morphology was analyzed by a single observer. For the chemical analysis, spectroscopy X-ray fluorescence was used to identify and quantify chemical components on the surface of the mini-implants. Results:  Two-way ANOVA showed no significant interaction between the factors studied (P  =  0.686). A Tukey test revealed no significant difference in osteoblast proliferation between the mini-implants at all studied periods; however, a difference in cell proliferation was detected between the Neodent and the control group (P  =  .025). For all groups, time had a direct and positive effect on osteoblast proliferation (P &lt; .001). The significant elements present in both brands of mini-implants were titanium, aluminum, vanadium, and iron. Conclusions:  Osteoblast proliferation was present on the mini-implants studied, which increased over time; however, no significant difference between brands was observed. No difference was seen between the mini-implants evaluated in terms of chemical composition. Cell adhesion after 72 hours suggests that areas of bone remodeling can be achieved, thus initiating the process of mini-implant anchorage.

scholarly journals The Effect of the Bioactive Glass and the Er:YAG Laser on the Remineralization of the Affected Dentin: A Comparative In Vitro Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-166
Author(s):  
Mohammad Javad Moghaddas ◽  
Horieh Moosavi ◽  
Sara Yaghoubirad ◽  
Nasim Chiniforush
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dentinal Tubule ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Caries Lesions ◽  
Cavity Floor

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of the bioactive glass, the glass ionomer, and the Erbium YAG laser as liners on the remineralization of the affected dentin. Methods: The present study was conducted on 64 healthy extracted human molars divided into 4 groups, 1 control group and 3 experimental groups. After artificially inducing dentinal caries lesions, each of the experimental groups was applied to the cavity floor and then restored with a composite. The samples were stored after thermocycling in an incubator for two months. Finally, the hardness of the cavity floor was measured at 3 depths of 20, 50 and 100 μm by the Vickers microhardness tester. The dentin conditions underneath the liners were also evaluated with FESEM. Statistical analysis was performed by two-way ANOVA and the post-hoc Games-Howell test (P<0.05). Results: Among the groups, the lowest microhardness value was in the control group (P<0.05) except at a depth of 100 μm; therefore, there was no significant difference between the control group and the bioactive glass (P>0.05). The laser group had the highest microhardness value, which was significantly different from the control group (P<0.05). There was a significant difference between the laser and bioactive glass (P<0.05), except at a depth of 20 μm. The laser and glass ionomer had only a significant difference at a depth of 100 μm (P<0.05). The microhardness value induced by glass ionomer was higher than bioactive glass, which in no depth was significant (P>0.05). Partial dentinal tubule occlusion was observed with FESEM in each of the experimental groups as compared to the control group. Conclusion: The microhardness values were higher in all groups than in the control group. The laser might be more successful in remineralization than the other ones.

scholarly journals Milled versus moulded mock-ups based on the superimposition of 3D meshes from digital oral impressions: a comparative in vitro study in the aesthetic area

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Cattoni ◽  
Giulia Teté ◽  
Alessandro Mauro Calloni ◽  
Fabio Manazza ◽  
Giorgio Gastaldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Test Group ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Digital Impression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Minimal Invasiveness ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Aesthetic

Abstract Background Aesthetic porcelain veneers proved to be a long-term reliable prosthetic solution, ensuring minimal invasiveness. The use of veneers requires an adhesive cementation technique, so maintaining as much enamel as possible is to ensure lasting success. A diagnostic mock-up is a key tool that allows a preview of the outcome of the aesthetic restoration: it is obtainable both in an analog and digital way. With the recent developments in impression technology and the ever so fast growing use of CAD-CAM technologies it is useful to understand the pros and cons of either one of these techniques (analog and digital) in order to identify the easier and more convenient workflow in aesthetic dentistry. Methods After taking pictures and impressions of the dental arcs of a patient in need of aesthetic rehabilitation, 52 resin models were produced and a digital drawing of the smile was outlined. Both an analog and a digital wax-up were obtained from two of the 52 models: the latter was obtained using digital impressions and a dedicated software. The analog wax-up was then used to produce 25 matrices that have later been used to mould 25 resin mock-ups using a traditional moulding protocol (Control Group - CG). The digital wax-up was used to mill 25 PMMA mock-ups. Each mock-up, both milled and moulded (total 50), was then laid on the other 50 resin models as a digital impression of it was taken. The STL. files of the milled mock-ups were compared with the 3D CAD wax-up made using a specific software. The STL. files of the analog printed mock-ups were compared with the traditional wax-up design. A statistical analysis was carried out to evaluate the difference between the groups. Results The statistical analysis showed a significant difference (P > 0.01) between the mean value of the distance between the points of the overlapping STL. meshes in GC (0.0468 mm) and in TG (Test Group - TG) (0,0109 mm). Conclusions The study showed a difference in accuracy between traditional moulded and milled mock-ups compared to their original wax-up. The data analysis reports that the digital method allows for greater accuracy. Within the limitations of this study, a fully digital workflow is to considered more reliable when it come to creating an esthetic mockup: the digital procedure has been shown to be more accurate than the one made manually which is much more operator dependent and it brings an increase to the chance of error, and that could ultimately affect the final result.

Effect of Different Intermediary Bases on Microleakage of a Restorative Material in Class II Box Cavities of Primary Teeth

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faika Y. Abdelmegid ◽  
Fouad S. Salama ◽  
Waleed M. Al-Mutairi ◽  
Saud K. Al-Mutairi ◽  
Sultan O. Baghazal
Keyword(s):  
Primary Teeth ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Introduction The aim of this in vitro study was to assess and compare the effect of different intermediary bases on microleakage between tooth and a nanocomposite interface in Class II box cavities in primary teeth. Methods Standard Class II box cavities were prepared in 52 primary molars and randomly divided into 9 groups according to the intermediary base used (Multicore Flow, Fuji II LC, SDR, Smart Dentin Replacement, and Biodentine). All specimens were subjected to thermocycling and prepared for microleakage testing and evaluation. Results There was significant difference in the mean ranks of microleakage between the 9 groups, which was observed in the gingival side (p<0.0001) and the occlusal side (p<0.0001). The mean ranks microleakage was significantly higher with experimental SDR, experimental Multicore Flow, and positive control materials when compared with the other 6 groups. The microleakage mean ranks were statistically significantly lower in experimental Fuji II LC, experimental Biodentine, and all negative control groups when compared with the other 3 groups. Conclusions Microleakage is affected by the application of intermediate material. Experimental Biodentine and Fuji II LC showed the lowest microleakage while experimental SDR and experimental Multicore Flow showed the highest microleakage.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Dentin Defect Formation during Retreatment with Hand and Rotary Instruments: A Micro-CT Study

Scanning ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayca Yilmaz ◽  
Dilek Helvacioglu-Yigit ◽  
Cansu Gur ◽  
Handan Ersev ◽  
Gullu Kiziltas Sendur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Defect Formation ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gutta Percha ◽  
Rotary Instruments ◽  
Longitudinal Length ◽  
Root Canal Retreatment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Length Changes

The purpose of this study was to compare the incidence and longitudinal propagation of dentin defects after gutta-percha removal with hand and rotary instruments using microcomputed tomography. Twenty mandibular incisors were prepared using the balanced-force technique and scanned in a 19.9 μm resolution. Following filling with the lateral compaction technique, gutta-percha was removed with ProTaper Universal Retreatment (PTUR) or hand instruments. After rescanning, a total of 24,120 cross-sectional images were analyzed. The numbers, types, and longitudinal length changes of defects were recorded. Defects were observed in 36.90% of the cross sections. A total of 73 defects were comprised of 87.67% craze lines, 2.73% partial cracks, and 9.58% fractures. No significant difference in terms of new defect formation was detected between the retreatment groups. The apical and middle portions of the roots had more dentin defects than the coronal portions. Defects in three roots of the PTUR instrument group increased in length. Under the conditions of this in vitro study, gutta-percha removal seemed to not increase the incidence of dentin defect formation, but the longitudinal defect propagation finding suggests possible cumulative dentinal damage due to additional endodontic procedures. Hand and rotary instrumentation techniques caused similar dentin defect formation during root canal retreatment.

EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF FERROUS SULFATE ON ENAMEL DEMINERALIZATION OF HUMAN DECIDUOUS TEETH: AN IN VITRO STUDY

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 83-89
Author(s):  
Johnny Holanda De Gauw ◽  
Lara Maria Melo Costa ◽  
Rodrigo Neves Silva ◽  
Natanael Barbosa Santos ◽  
Maria Dânia Holanda Tenorio
Keyword(s):  
Ferrous Sulfate ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Deciduous Teeth ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group A ◽  
Ph Cycling ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of ferrous sulfate (FS) on demineralized and non-demineralized human deciduous teeth. Additionally, it was evaluated the penetration extent of FS and its remineralizing effect on the enamel of deciduous teeth using Polarized Light Microscopy (PLM). Method: The sample comprised 44 human deciduous teeth. The 44 crowns were divided randomly into four groups: group A (FS after demineralization), group B (FS without demineralization), group C (only demineralization), and group D (control group). FS at 0.45 mol/L-1 was used daily (15 days) and demineralization was done by pH cycling (7 days). Then, three longitudinal slices of the crowns were photographed using PLM. The degree of penetration of the lesion or stain was measured in micrometers, as well as the distance between the external enamel surface and the core of lesion. Results: Group A showed a dark stain on the outer surface of enamel larger than the group B. It is suggested, a remineralizing effect when comparing groups, A and C. The mean depth and standard deviation for groups A, B, and C were 4.27µm (±1.49), 3.72 µm (±1.68) and 5.00 µm (±1.84), respectively. No dark stains were observed in group D. Conclusion: FS stained the demineralized and non-demineralized human deciduous teeth. However, dark stains in the non-demineralized teeth were smaller or absent, than in the demineralized teeth. Therefore, FS may have a protective effect against demineralization.

scholarly journals Effect of 5% Calcium Hypochlorite on Mechanical Properties of Root Dentin: An in vitro Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-59
Author(s):  
Natanasabapathy Velmurugan ◽  
Poornima Reddy ◽  
Suma Balla ◽  
Sandhya S Raghu ◽  
Garlapati T Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Chlorine Concentration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Calcium Hypochlorite ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Root Dentin

ABSTRACT Introduction The aim of this study was to compare in vitro the effect of 5% calcium hypochlorite [Ca(OCl)2] and 5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) on flexural strength and modulus of elasticity of root dentin. Materials and methods The available chlorine concentration of each solution was determined using iodometric titration. Standardized planoparallel dentin bars (n= 20) were divided into two test groups and one control group. The control, group 1, consisted of dentin bars stored in normal saline. The dentin bars in the two test groups were treated by exposure to following solutions: Group 2 to 5% Ca(OCl)2; and group 3 to 5% NaOCl. All the three test solutions were changed once in 15 minutes for 30 minutes. The dentin bars were then loaded to failure using three-point bend test. Results Available chlorine concentration was 64% in both the test solutions. There was a significant reduction in the flexural strength of 5% NaOCl group compared to 5% Ca(OCl)2-treated ones. A significant difference in modulus of elasticity was observed between the test groups and the control groups and also between the 5% Ca(OCl)2 and 5% NaOCl groups. Conclusion Within the limitations of this study, 5% NaOCl reduced the flexural strength and modulus of elasticity of root dentin bars more when compared to 5% Ca(OCl)2. How to cite this article Reddy P, Balla S, Raghu SS, Velmurugan N, Gupta GT, Sahoo HS. Effect of 5% Calcium Hypochlorite on Mechanical Properties of Root Dentin: An in vitro Study. J Oper Dent Endod 2016;1(2):56-59.

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