scholarly journals Does Causation hold for Panel Data in between SDP and NTR among Indian States?

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-15
Author(s):  
Alok Kumar Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Panel Cointegration ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
Federal System ◽  
Indian States ◽  
Indian Economy

Inadequate revenue sources, uncontrolled growth of current expenditures and failure of central transfers to grow as fast as the states ‘own revenues’ have been the major sources of fiscal imbalance at states level. The existence of nexus in between NTR and SDP can be examined in several ways like growth rates relating to SDP and NTR, proportion of NTR to SDP, several policies relating to accelerate SDP and NTR, etc. So far as inter-state non-tax revenue and state domestic product in India is concerned, limited studies have been done. Present study tries to explore the stationarity and cointigration between Non Tax Revenue and State Domestic Product of twenty major states of Indian federal system in panel data structure for the period 1980-81 to 2011-12.The objectives of the study are: to test the panel stationary of Domestic Production and Non Tax Revenue of the major states of the Indian federal system for the period 1980-81 to 2011-12 in terms of total and growth rate and to test the panel cointegration in between SDP and NTR for the Indian federal system of twenty major states state for the period 1980-81 to 2011-12 in terms of total and growth rate. In the present study data has been taken from Handbook of Statistics on Indian Economy and State Finance for twenty major states; Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Manipur, Nagaland, Orissa, Punjab, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Tripura and Uttar Pradesh (Handbook of Statistics on Indian Economy 2011-12).In the present study, LLC (2002) and IPS (2003) tests of stationarity have been used. Kao (1999) test of panel cointegration shows that the SDP and NTR and NTR and SDP for the twenty states for the period under study are cointegrable. The results of the study suggest that state domestic product of the states are causing the non tax revenue of the states  and  the non tax revenue of the states  are also causing state domestic product of the states for Indian federal system.

scholarly journals Incidence of treatment for postabortion complications in India, 2015

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. e002372
Author(s):  
Susheela Singh ◽  
Rubina Hussain ◽  
Chander Shekhar ◽  
Rajib Acharya ◽  
Melissa Stillman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
National Level ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Legal Abortion ◽  
Indian States ◽  
Medication Abortion ◽  
Postabortion Care

Abortion has been legal under broad criteria in India since 1971. However, access to legal abortion services remains poor. In the past decade, medication abortion (MA) has become widely available in India and use of this method outside of health facilities accounts for over 70% of all abortions. Morbidity from unsafe abortion remains an important health issue. The informal providers who are the primary source of MA may have poor knowledge of the method and may offer inadequate or inaccurate advice on use of the method. Misuse of the method can result in women seeking treatment for true complications as well as during the normal processes of MA. An estimated 5% of all abortions are done using highly unsafe methods and performed by unskilled providers, also contributing to abortion morbidity. This paper provides new representative abortion-related morbidity measures at the national and subnational levels from a large-scale 2015 study of six Indian states—Assam, Bihar, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Uttar Pradesh. The outcomes include the number and treatment rates of women with complications resulting from induced abortion and the type of complications. The total number of women treated for abortion complications at the national level is 5.2 million, and the rate is 15.7 per 1000 women of reproductive age per year. In all six study states, a high proportion of all women receiving postabortion care were admitted with incomplete abortion from use of MA—ranging from 33% in Tamil Nadu to 65% in Assam. The paper fills an important gap by providing new evidence that can inform policy-makers and health planners at all levels and lead to improvements in the provision of postabortion care and legal abortion services—improvements that would greatly reduce abortion-related morbidity and its costs to Indian women, their families and the healthcare system.

Inclusiveness and the Progress of Indian States: Evidence from Inclusive Development Index Between 2011 and 2018

2021 ◽  
pp. 097370302110086
Author(s):  
Suresh Chand Aggarwal
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Inclusive Development ◽  
Indian States ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Policy Initiatives ◽  
Low Performance ◽  
Simple Average

This article examines the progress of the Indian states in inclusiveness between 2011 and 2018, based on the “Inclusive Development Index” (IDI), which includes many important aspects of the economy and people. The study has followed the broad guidelines of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development—OECD (2008) to construct IDI, and it is based on two pillars of growth—the process and the outcome. The index includes 26 sub-pillars represented by 104 indicators. The weights of the indicators are obtained separately for 2011 and 2018 by applying the principal component analysis at the indicator level, and then a simple average has been computed at the sub-pillar and pillar levels to obtain the composite IDI for the 19 major Indian states. The composite IDI shows that in 2018, while the most inclusive states are Himachal Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Gujarat, Chhattisgarh and Kerala, the least inclusive are the states of Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh (UP), Madhya Pradesh (MP), Assam, Jharkhand and Bihar. The performance of the states, however, varies among pillars, sub-pillars and indicators in both 2011 and 2018. The study may help the states to identify their spheres of “low” performance and learn from their “front-runner” peers, so as to take the necessary policy initiatives.

scholarly journals Temporal evolution of COVID-19 in the states of India using SIQR Model

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alok Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Temporal Evolution ◽  
Reproduction Number ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
National Average ◽  
Indian Government ◽  
Indian States ◽  
Steady Rate ◽  
Entire Nation ◽  
Second Wave

ABSTRACTCOVID 19 entered during the last week of April 2020 in India has caused 3,546 deaths with 1,13,321 number of reported cases. Indian government has taken many proactive steps, including strict lockdown of the entire nation for more than 50 days, identification of hotspots, app-based tracking of citizens to track infected. This paper investigated the evolution of COVID 19 in five states of India (Maharashtra, UP, Gujrat, Tamil Nadu, and Delhi) from 1st April 2020 to 20th May 2020. Variation of doubling rate and reproduction number (from SIQR) with time is used to analyse the performance of the majorly affected Indian states. It has been determined that Uttar Pradesh is one of the best performers among five states with the doubling rate crossing 18 days as of 20th May. Tamil Nadu has witnessed the second wave of infections during the second week of May. Maharashtra is continuously improving at a steady rate with its doubling rate reaching to 12.67 days. Also these two states are performing below the national average in terms of infection doubling rate. Gujrat and Delhi have reported the doubling rate of 16.42 days and 15.49 days respectively. Comparison of these states has also been performed based on time-dependent reproduction number. Recovery rate of India has reached to 40 % as the day paper is written.

scholarly journals Estimating Optimal Level of Taxation for Growth Maximization in Asia

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeeban Amgain
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Quadratic Model ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
Optimal Size ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Growth Maximization ◽  
Quadratic Models ◽  
Unbalanced Panel Data

What level of tax revenue in GDP is suitable for a country to maximize the growth rate in Asia? To address this question, this paper estimates the optimal size of taxes which maximizes growth rate, using Scully and quadratic models, from the unbalanced panel data of 32 Asian countries. Both methods approve that tax revenue around 18 percent of GDP maximizes the growth rate. However, quadratic model provides more consistent result than the Scully model. Most importantly, the findings clearly show the existence of inverse U-shaped relationship between taxes and growth.

Tax Performance and Taxable Capacity: Analysis for Selected States of India

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dipankor Coondoo ◽  
Amita Majumder ◽  
Robin Mukherjee ◽  
Chiranjib Neogi
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
State Level ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
Capacity Measurement ◽  
Indian States ◽  
Transfer Policy ◽  
Revenue Collection ◽  
Equity And Efficiency ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Capacity Formulation

Abstract In a federal form of government structure, the state-level governments generally receive supplementary budgetary resources from the central/federal government as support for the formers’ public expenditure activities. Such devolution of funds from the centre to the states takes the form of share of the revenue raised by central taxes and grants-in-aid. It is felt that such resource transfers should be made according to a policy based on the criteria of equity and efficiency. Formally, these criteria are defined with reference to individual state’s tax revenue collection relative to its taxable capacity. Formulation of a concrete transfer policy, however, crucially requires measures of individual state’s taxable capacity. Given an appropriate definition of a state’s taxable capacity, measurement of taxable capacity of states involves both conceptual and econometric issues. This paper proposes an econometric approach to the measurement of taxable capacity, which is similar to estimating a frontier production function using panel data. To illustrate the proposed method, it is applied to the panel data on annual state tax revenue and related variables of some selected Indian states for the period 1986-87 to 1996-97 and the relative taxable capacity and tax efforts of the states are compared.

scholarly journals Spatial Growth and Instability Analysis of Area, Production and Yield of Sugarcane in India

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhim , Singh
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Madhya Pradesh ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Sugarcane Production

In the present study, spatial compound growth rates were estimated to know the growth pattern and instability in the area, production, and productivity of sugarcane in major sugarcane growing states of India. A secondary time series data of major sugarcane producing states of India like Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Bihar, Andhra Pradesh, Haryana, Gujarat, Punjab, Madhya Pradesh, and Odisha for the period thirty years from 1990-91 to 2019-20 have been utilized for the present study. The compound growth rates were computed with the help of exponential function, and instability/variability has been computed by using techniques of co-efficient of variation and Cuddy Della-Valle Index method. Student’s t-test was applied to check the significant differences in area, production, and productivity trends using compound growth rates (CGR). CGR of sugarcane production was 1.13 per centpercent in India during the study period with a significant growth rate in area (1.12%) and yield (0.39%). The statistically significant instability in sugarcane production was high at 9.67 percent than area (7.20%) and yield (5.26%) in the study period. The state-wise compound growth rate of sugarcane production was positively significant in Madhya Pradesh (5.31%), Bihar (3.65%), Maharashtra (3.39%), Karnataka (1.42%), and Uttar Pradesh (1.36%). The highest negative growth rate was observed in Odisha (-5.45%) and Andhra Pradesh (-1.63%). The instability of sugarcane production was highest at 44.06 percent than area (36.66%) in Odisha and yield (14.80%) in Madhya Pradesh.

scholarly journals Preliminary Analysis of Excess Mortality in India During the Covid-19 Pandemic (Update August 4, 2021).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher T Leffler ◽  
Joseph D. Lykins ◽  
Edward Yang
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Excess Mortality ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Madhya Pradesh ◽  
Systems Science ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Indian States ◽  
All Cause Mortality

Background. As both testing for SARS Cov-2 and death registrations are incomplete or not yet available in many countries, the full impact of the Covid-19 pandemic is currently unknown in many world regions. Methods. We studied the Covid-19 and all-cause mortality in 18 Indian states (combined population of 1.26 billion) with available all-cause mortality data during the pandemic for the entire state or for large cities: Gujarat, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal, Delhi, Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Assam, Bihar, Odisha, Haryana, Rajasthan, Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, and Uttar Pradesh. Excess mortality was calculated by comparison with available data from years 2015-2019. The known Covid-19 deaths reported by the Johns Hopkins University Center for Systems Science and Engineering for a state were assumed to be accurate, unless excess mortality data suggested a higher toll during the pandemic. Data from Uttar Pradesh were not included in the final model due to anomalies. Results. In several regions, fewer deaths were registered in 2020 than expected. The excess mortality in Mumbai (in Maharashtra) in 2020 was 137.0 / 100K. Areas in Tamil Nadu, Kolkata (in West Bengal), Delhi, Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka, Haryana, and Andhra Pradesh saw spikes in mortality in the spring of 2021. Conclusions. The pandemic-related mortality through June 30, 2021 in 17 Indian states was estimated to be 132.9 to 194.4 per 100,000 population. If these rates apply to India as a whole, then between 1.80 to 2.63 million people may have perished in India as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic by June 30, 2021. This per-capita mortality rate is similar to that in the United States and many other regions.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Jumlah Penduduk dan Produk Domestik Regional Bruto Terhadap Penerimaan Pajak Daerah Pada 19 Kabupaten dan Kota Di Sumatera Barat Tahun 2015-2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-95
Author(s):  
Gerry Hamdani Putra ◽  
Evinda Rosliani
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
Government Revenue ◽  
The People ◽  
Panel Data Regression ◽  
Data Regression ◽  
Direct Compensation

Regional tax is an obligatory contribution to the region owed by an individual or entity that is compelling based on law without receiving direct compensation and is used for regional needs for the greatest prosperity of the people. This study aims to examine the Total Population and Gross Regional Domestic Product of Regional Tax Revenues in 19 districts and cities in west sumatera. This study uses local government revenue realization data in 19 districts and cities of west sumatera for the 2015-2019 period published by the Central Statistik Agency (BPS). Hypothesis testing uses panel data regression using the eviews 8.0 program. The results showed that population has a negative and significant effect on local tax revenue and gross regional domestic product has a positive and significant effect on local tax revenue.

Growth Determinants of India in Post-economic Reform Period

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Capital Formation ◽  
Fixed Capital ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Growth Strategies ◽  
Vector Autoregressive ◽  
Indian Economy ◽  
Fixed Capital Formation

The economic reforms of the 90s had furnished two props liberalization and globalization, which later changed the growth strategies of the Indian economy. Contextually, the present study made an effort to comprehend the growth rate prevailed in the gross domestic product, gross fixed capital formation, exports and imports via compound growth rate from 1990 to 2017. Further, the study also investigated how well the growth determinants were cointegrated in the post-1990 era. Therefore, a restricted vector autoregressive model was applied. The compound growth rate results articulated that the Indian economy enjoyed a high growth in exports and imports in the post-liberalized era. The findings of the VAR model state that gross fixed capital formation and Export’s had a positive and significant impact on India’s gross domestic product in the long run. On the contrary, imports had a negative and significant impact, implying that an increase in imports will lead to a decline in India’s gross domestic product, which is a well-observed fact in the economic domain. The study observed one-way causality from Gross Domestic Product and Exports. Additionally, a bi-directional causal relationship was observed among export and gross fixed capital formation. The policy perception that the study suggested that government should utilize gross fixed capital formation in those sectors which have preferably more social outreach and potential to strengthen the exports and at the same time also minimize country dependence on imports.

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