scholarly journals Analytical Study of General Insurance in India

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-129
Author(s):  
Sumeet Gupta
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Insurance Industry ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Striking Difference ◽  
General Insurance ◽  
The World ◽  
Insurance Density ◽  
Insurance Penetration

There is a striking difference between developed and developing nations in terms of general insurance penetration and density. It was highest for United States in 2008. It was very closely followed by Switzerland. In fact, General insurance density and penetration both has always been high for these two countries. In this way, these two countries can be regarded as the world leader in general insurance industry. General insurance penetration has not shown much change over the years. For developed countries the average General insurance penetration for 2008 was 3.40 while that of developing nations was just 2.90. Also, there have been no major changes in these values since 2001.  Among developing countries, South Africa and Taiwan are fast gaining momentum. Russia is also a close competitor in terms of general insurance penetration. In the Indian sub-continent, it is Sri Lanka that has shown the maximum general insurance penetration and density. India is the next in the rank.

A Comparative Analysis of South Africa as a Semi-Industrialised Developing Country

1988 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 473-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Knight
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Industrialised Countries

South Africa has neither a developed nor a typical underdeveloped economy. Too often it has been wrongly classified, along with, say, Australia and New Zealand, as one of the peripheral developed countries, because only a part of the economy and population have the characteristics we associate with that group. Yet its economy is distinctly different from others in sub-Saharan Africa. South Africa falls squarely into the category which the World Bank classifies as ‘upper middle-income’ developing economies, with G.N.P. per capita in 1982 ranging from $2,000 to $7,000 and averaging $2,500, thereby including South Africa, with $2,700.1 (By contrast, Kenya's G.N.P. per capita was $400 and Britain's $10,000). The World Bank's group includes Algeria, Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Mexico, South Korea, Venezuela, and Yugoslavia. South Africa shares many structural economic characteristics with these semi-industrialised countries.

scholarly journals “Conquering COVID: How Global Vaccine Inequality Risks Prolonging the Pandemic”

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard L Oehler ◽  
Vivian R Vega
Keyword(s):  
Modern Science ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Vaccine Production ◽  
The World ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Developed Nations ◽  
Vaccine Availability

Abstract The development of effective vaccines during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has been credited as a towering achievement in modern science. Since the end of 2020, the vaccine rollout has offered the promise of vanquishing the pandemic in the United States and other developed countries. Even as the U.S. and other wealthier nations encounter both setbacks and successes in their COVID-19 eradication efforts, developing countries around the world are likely to face far less fortunate fates. With much of the world’s vaccine production and distribution capacity reserved by wealthier nations, impoverished countries stand to face devastating financial, social, and health-related impacts. The consequences of this disparity will resonate deeply into the collective fabric of these countries, ensuring that the economic and geopolitical imbalance between developed and developing nations will widen even more substantially. Wealthier countries must do more to eliminate the inequality that exists in widespread SARS-CoV-2 vaccine availability in less-developed nations. Like HIV, TB, Malaria, and other global epidemics, COVID-19 cannot be forgotten just because the pandemic is eventually contained from the shores of wealthier nations. For as long as the pandemic rages in any corner of the globe, the world will never be truly rid of COVID-19. And all nations, rich or poor, will suffer the consequences.

scholarly journals A comparison of rural crimes in Australia (NSW) and South Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Willie Johannes Clack
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Levels

Rural criminology as a topic of scholarly study, neglected over the past two to three decades, has bounced into the spotlight, with claims now being made that rural criminology is receiving justified attention among the academic fraternity. This paper presents a comparative analysis of the major challenge facing two countries with different levels of development as identified by the United Nations Human Development Index. A predicament for rural criminology is that the world is not equal: rural crimes is researched in developed countries but not in developing countries. This paper compares the types and prevalence of agricultural crimes in Australia (NSW) and South Africa to determine whether significant differences or similarities exist.

Positive Action to Promote Women in Politics: Some European Comparisons

2003 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 587-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meg Russell ◽  
Colm O'Cinneide
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Women In Politics ◽  
Women's Representation ◽  
Women’S Representation ◽  
The Us ◽  
Positive Action ◽  
The World ◽  
The Uk

The issue of women's under-representation in politics continues to be controversial and pressing in countries all over the world. According to the Inter Parliamentary Union, only 14.7 per cent of the world's legislators are women.1 In no country do women achieve parity with men in terms of parliamentary representation. The record of many of the world's most developed countries is particularly poor. Looking at lower houses of the legislature, in the US women's representation is only 14 per cent, in the UK 18 per cent, France 12 per cent and Italy 10 per cent. These countries are considerably out-performed by others such as South Africa and Argentina, both at 30 per cent.2

scholarly journals Strategies for Establishing Astronomy in Developing Countries

1998 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 888-889
Author(s):  
Mazlan Othman
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Developing World ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Political Commitment ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Political Economic

Developing countries have their own particular political, economic and cultural circumstances. There are, therefore, no unique solutions. However there are some factors which are common to all or most of them, namely the lack of human and financial resources and in most cases an absence of a political commitment to the advancement of science. Such situations are in a sense not peculiar to developing nations because in some developed countries astronomy has a ‘developing’ status. Even in countries where astronomy is well established, the commitment and allocations required to maintain the status quo need to be continuously addressed. Hence strategies for fighting this “constant battle” are relevant to all astronomers of the world, while being especially vital to those in the developing world.

scholarly journals The International Year of Crystallography

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (a1) ◽  
pp. C1287-C1287
Author(s):  
Claude Lecomte ◽  
Gautam Desiraju
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South America ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Hands On ◽  
International Collaborations ◽  
The World ◽  
High Level ◽  
Different Parts

IYCr2014 aims at improving public awareness of the field, boost access to instrumentation and high-level research, nurture "home-grown" crystallographers in developing nations, and increase international collaborations for the benefit of future generations. The IUCr-UNESCO OpenLab is a network of operational crystallographic laboratories based mainly in Africa, Asia and South America, and implemented in partnership with industry. The OpenLabs will enable students in far-flung lands to have hands-on training in modern techniques and expose them to cutting-edge research in the field. Such project was started based on the strong experience gained through the IUCr Initiative in Africa . The Summit meetings are intended to bring together scientists from countries in three widely separated parts of the world. Karachi (Pakistan), Campinas (Brazil) and Bloemfontein (South Africa). These meetings, attended by scientists from academia and industry and by science administrators, will focus on high-level science, and also highlight the difficulties and problems of conducting competitive scientific research in different parts of the developing world. Moreover, a worldwide crystal-growing competition aims at attracting and inspiring youngsters.

Genomic Technologies and the Emergence of BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa)

2016 ◽  
pp. 189-212
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Research Organization ◽  
Population Census ◽  
Literacy Rate ◽  
Genomic Technologies ◽  
Beijing Genomic Institute ◽  
The World ◽  
Abundant Evidence ◽  
Genomic Science

In this chapter, we will discuss China being on record as one of the most progressive member of BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa). The huge population census, the high literacy rate, coupled with the training and graduation of over 300,000 technical experts annually are abundant evidence for China to become a leader in genomic science among the BRICS. The state-of-the-art technological resources for sequencing, which were recently acquired in China, has facilitated the accomplishment of innovative sequencing of animals, plants, and insects, which are components of the ecological fauna and flora of Asia. The Beijing Genomic Institute is the largest genome-based research organization in the world. Other progressing developing nations such as Brazil, Russia, India, and South Africa are making steady progress in genomic science.

Epidemiology of bovine and human tuberculosis in the Federal Capital Territory of Nigeria, Abuja

2005 ◽  
Vol 2005 ◽  
pp. 209-209
Author(s):  
A. A. Abubakar ◽  
P. H. Brooks ◽  
S. U. Abdullahi ◽  
A. C. Kudi ◽  
O. Okaiyeto
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Green Area ◽  
Unpasteurized Milk ◽  
The World ◽  
Genus Mycobacterium

Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic debilitating disease of man and animals caused by members of the genus Mycobacterium. TB is a major health problem with 8-9 million new cases a year in the world and 3 million deaths (WHO, 2002), and the majority of these are in developing nations. Infection due to due to M. bovis was once a major problem in developed countries but following eradication programmes, the incidence reduced to the extent that some areas are now free of the disease (Caffery, 1994). However, the infection continues in developing countries due to lack of rigorous control measures. In Nigeria there have been limited studies to determine the prevalence/relationship between bovine and human TB especially with the eating culture of ‘fura da nono’ i.e. unpasteurized milk. Abuja is the new capital of Nigeria with the population of 4 million continues to increase due to the influx of people from all states of the federation. The number of people diagnosed with TB is also on the increase. The semi forest vegetation of the Federal Capital Territory (FCT) also encourages migration of Fulani nomads in search of green area for their animals. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of bovine and human TB in the capital as well as to establish whether there is a link between animal and human TB.

Fifty Years of Experimental Agriculture

1983 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Great Change ◽  
Winter Rainfall ◽  
Half Century ◽  
The World

The first number of the Empire Journal of Experimental Agriculture, of which this journal is the immediate successor, appeared in April 1933. It was part of a significant collaborative trend which included the Empire Marketing Board, the Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, and the International Wheat Pool, and led in time to the Commonwealth Secretariat and, indirectly, to FAO. The new journal was intended to serve agricultural progress in all the countries of the world which were connected with Britain, including South Africa and the Sudan. In the subsequent half-century of great change many new general and specialist journals have arisen, particularly in the more developed countries, in the Commonwealth and elsewhere; and this journal has come to be concerned mainly with production-oriented agricultural research in tropical, sub-tropical and winter-rainfall environments.

scholarly journals Insurance market development: An empirical study of African countries

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 319-330
Author(s):  
Athenia Bongani Sibindi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Life Insurance ◽  
Insurance Industry ◽  
Insurance Market ◽  
Market Development ◽  
Insurance Markets ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Life Insurance Industry ◽  
Insurance Density

The insurance industry plays a very crucial role in an economy by fostering intermediation and by its mechanism of risk bearing. As such it could be argued that the insurance industry fosters economic growth. In this article we analyse the global insurance market development trends, particularly focusing on Africa. Our sample comprise of the 10 African countries namely—South Africa, Angola, Nigeria, Kenya, Mauritius, Namibia, Algeria, Tunisia, Morocco and Egypt. We employ three insurance market development metrics namely; premium volumes, insurance density and insurance penetrations ratios to establish trends in the level of development of global insurance markets. Our results document that the African countries (excluding South Africa) have the least developed insurance markets. For most of the countries in our sample, the non-life insurance industry dominates the life-insurance industry. As such, it is imperative that their respective governments put in place measures that will grow their economies in order to stimulate the development of insurance markets in Africa.

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