Provision of film-showing facilities and propaganda in the second half of the 1940s (on the materials of the Tambov Region)

2020 ◽  
pp. 211-220
Author(s):  
Violetta V. Nazarova
Keyword(s):  
Film Showing ◽  
Feature Films ◽  
Art Form ◽  
Short Films ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Mobile Cinema ◽  
Agricultural Films ◽  
Local Budget ◽  
Post War ◽  
Short Time

We examine the process of restoring the cinema network of the Tambov Region in the post-war period. This process went gradually and quickly enough. And this is despite the fact that the Tambov Region, in fact, as well as the whole country experienced the severe consequences of the Great Patriotic War. It is proved that the cinema was given a great propaganda function and this art form was actively used by the authorities. During the considered period, films were filmed catastrophically little and not the least role played here by the ideology of the film repertoire. In the Tambov Region, in addition to feature films, agricultural short films and scientific films were shown on portable film projectors. As a matter of fact, this is due to the fact that in a short time it was necessary to restore the industry. Agricultural films carried cognitive and motivating func-tions. It was for this purpose during the planting and harvesting campaigns that collective farmers, employed in the fields, were provided with mobile cinema installations. It is noted that the authori-ties actively interfered not only in the process of film production, but also in provision of film-showing facilities. In particular, much attention was paid to how much money goes to the local budget. Measures have been taken to implement the approved plans. The failure to comply was condemned in every way, and in some cases the violators were punished.

Nicht nur Slapstick: Stummfilme als unterschätzte Zeugen der Medizingeschichte

2020 ◽  
Vol 145 (25) ◽  
pp. 1818-1827
Author(s):  
Dennis Henkel ◽  
Eelco M. Wijdicks ◽  
Axel Karenberg
Keyword(s):  
Medical Profession ◽  
Silent Film ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Short Film ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Silent Cinema ◽  
Feature Films ◽  
Illegal Abortion ◽  
Art Form ◽  
Short Films

AbstractMedicine in silent film has a long history. Although the silent era in cinema was dominated by burlesques (using escaped “lunatics”) a number of themes emerged after systematic review. The cinematic representation of medicine coincided with the discovery of X-rays. During this “roentgenomania”, short films were produced showing groundbreaking X-ray images, which fitted perfectly into needs of dramatic cinema. But soon the “cinema of narration” evolved: Starting just after the turn of the century, the short film “The Country Doctor” was able to address complex interplay between duties and limitations of the medical profession. This was followed by numerous feature films on infectious diseases, which often used tuberculosis as a centerpiece of its story. Directors often took advantage of the well-known stereotype of the omnipotent physician. But in certain medical fields, such as psychiatry or surgery, a more ambivalent figure of the doctor was portrayed, f. e. in “Hands of Orlac” (1924). Silent cinema also offered interesting ideas on the healing powers of the medium itself: in “The Mystery of the Kador Cliffs” (1912) a film screening could cure the patient of fears after reenactment. Finally, a closer look at the early era of film echoes how social conflicts where dramatized, especially in the case of nationwide birth control. How illegal abortion kept the society on its edge, was most clearly shown in the adaption of the scandalous play “Cyankali” (1930).In addition to discussing various topics in the cinematic representation of medicine, this brief overview shows that silent movies were a new and true art form, representing an exceptional resource for historians of film and medicine.

scholarly journals IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CONCEPT OF THE RUSSIAN PEOPLE AS «BIG BROTHER» IN THE NATIONAL POLICY OF I.V. STALIN IN THE BSSR DURING THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR AND DURING THE POST-WAR RECONSTRUCTION

2021 ◽  
pp. 103-111
Author(s):  
А.А. Федотов ◽  
Владимир Владимирович Терентьев
Keyword(s):  
National Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Russian People ◽  
Big Brother ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Post War ◽  
Short Time

На основе материалов Государственного архива Российской Федерации и Российского государственного архива социально-политической истории показывается, что концепция русского народа как «старшего брата» имела исключительно большое значение для Советской Беларуси как в годы Великой Отечественной войны, так и в ходе послевоенного восстановления республики. Показываются конкретные меры, предпринимавшиеся Совнаркомом СССР по возрождению освобождённых от нацистской оккупации областей БССР. Автор показывает, как осуществлялась помощь в возрождении республики «снизу» - по инициативе рабочих коллективов городов РСФСР и других союзных республик. Ощущение братского единства, государства как семьи советских народов позволило не только одержать победу над нацизмом, но и в короткие сроки произвести восстановление разрушенных войной народного хозяйства и социальной сферы, благодаря сплочению людей для решения общегосударственных задач. The article, based on the materials of the State Archive of the Russian Federation and the Russian State Archive of Socio-Political History, shows that the concept of the Russian people as an «older brother» was extremely important for Soviet Belarus both during the Great Patriotic War and during the post-war reconstruction of the republic. The article shows the specific measures taken by the Soviet People's Commissar of the USSR to revive the regions of the BSSR liberated from the Nazi occupation. It also shows the assistance provided in the revival of the republic «from below» - at the initiative of the working collectives of the cities of Russia and other union republics. The sense of fraternal unity, of the state as a family of the Soviet peoples, made it possible not only to defeat Nazism, but also to restore the national economy and social sphere destroyed by the war in a short time, thanks to the unity of people to solve national problems.

Short Films from a Small Nation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Claire Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Public Information ◽  
Industrial Process ◽  
Actor Network Theory ◽  
Documentary Films ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Short Films ◽  
Post War ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Art And Architecture

The first book-length study in English of a national corpus of state-sponsored informational film, this book traces how Danish shorts on topics including social welfare, industry, art and architecture were commissioned, funded, produced and reviewed from the inter-war period to the 1960s. For three decades, state-sponsored short filmmaking educated Danish citizens, promoted Denmark to the world, and shaped the careers of renowned directors like Carl Th. Dreyer. Examining the life cycle of a representative selection of films, and discussing their preservation and mediation in the digital age, this book presents a detailed case study of how informational cinema is shaped by, and indeed shapes, its cultural, political and technological contexts.The book combines close textual analysis of a broad range of films with detailed accounts of their commissioning, production, distribution and reception in Denmark and abroad, drawing on Actor-Network Theory to emphasise the role of a wide range of entities in these processes. It considers a broad range of genres and sub-genres, including industrial process films, public information films, art films, the city symphony, the essay film, and many more. It also maps international networks of informational and documentary films in the post-war period, and explores the role of informational film in Danish cultural and political history.

RESTORATION OF THE INFRASTRUCTURE OF YALTA IN 1944

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (72) (4) ◽  
pp. 24-36
Author(s):  
N. D. Borshchik
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Southern Coast ◽  
Recreational Facilities ◽  
Soviet Leadership ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The Social ◽  
Health Resorts ◽  
Post War ◽  
Short Time

The article considers little-studied stories in Russian historiography about the post-war state of Yalta — one of the most famous health resorts of the Soviet Union, the «pearl» of the southern coast of Crimea. Based on the analysis of mainly archival sources, the most important measures of the party and Soviet leadership bodies, the heads of garrisons immediately after the withdrawal of the fascist occupation regime were analyzed. It was established that the authorities paid priority attention not only to the destroyed economy and infrastructure, but also to the speedy introduction of all-Union and departmental sanatoriums and recreation houses, other recreational facilities. As a result of their coordinated actions in the region, food industry enterprises, collective farms and cooperative artels, objects of cultural heritage and the social and everyday sphere were put into operation in a short time.

Prokofieva Tamara Aleksandrovna: Engineer-topographer of the first rank

2017 ◽  
Vol 922 (4) ◽  
pp. 48-57
Author(s):  
V.L. Kashin ◽  
N.L. Kashina
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Aerial Photography ◽  
The North ◽  
Moscow Institute ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Post War ◽  
Executive Positions

Biographic information about the veteran of geodetic service of the Soviet Union Tamara Aleksandrovna Prokofieva is provided in this article. On January 1, 2017, she turned 96 years old. T. A. Prokofieva’s biography is in many respects similar to destinies of her age-mates who met the Great Patriotic War on a student’s bench. In 1939 she entered the Moscow Institute of Geodesy, Aerial Photography, and Cartography. Since then all her life was connected with geodesy. In this article we use Tamara Aleksandrovna’s memories of a communal flat of the 1930s, peripetias of military years, of the North Caucasian and Kazakh aero geodetic enterprises where she worked with her husband Leonid Andreevich Kashin who held a number of executive positions in geodetic service of the USSR in the post-war time.

Databases, GIS and Internet technologies with the purpose of identifying the soldiers who went missing in action in the Great Patriotic War

2017 ◽  
Vol 926 (8) ◽  
pp. 49-58
Author(s):  
O.S. Lazareva ◽  
M.V. Shalaeva ◽  
S.N. Shekotilova ◽  
V.G. Shekotilov
Keyword(s):  
The Internet ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Internet Technologies ◽  
Modern Information Technology ◽  
Gis Technologies ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Automated Processing ◽  
Modern Information ◽  
Post War ◽  
Missing In Action

There was a discrepancy found between the practice of identification of the soldiers who went missing in action during the Great Patriotic War and also the reburied ones and the possibilities of automated processing of the war and post-war archive documents using modern information technology. Using the practical application of the mix of technologies of the databases, geographic information systems and the Internet as an example there is a possibility demonstrated to establish the destiny of a soldier who was considered missing in action. As far as the GIS technologies are concerned the methods of forming the atlas of rastre electronic maps and vector maps with the data from the archive sources have been the most significant. The atlas of raster electronic maps of the Great Patriotic War period for the Kalinin Battle Front and the 30th army which was formed in the process of research has been registered in Rospatent in the form of database. The functionality of the research was provided by applying various programming means

scholarly journals OPEN AIR CELEBRATIONS IN LENINGRAD'S SUBURBS IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF CULTURAL TOURISM IN THE 1950S (THE CASE OF PALACE AND GARDEN COMPLEX OF PAVLOVSK (LENINGRAD OBLAST, THE USSR))

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
Vasinskaya Mariia ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Personal Growth ◽  
Cultural Resources ◽  
Leningrad Oblast ◽  
German Occupation ◽  
Decorative Art ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Post War

Palace and garden complexes located at suburbs of Leningrad (Leningrad Oblast, the USSR) rapidly reconstructed after ruinous German occupation during the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945 became popular places for open air celebrations among Soviet citizens. The author outlines historic specifics of open air celebrations considered as a form of organization of leisure time, topics and content of cultural programs, analyses an evolution of forms of museum communication with visitors in early post-war time drawing on the example of Pavlovsk of the 1950s. The article gives the author's view on a role of integration historical and cultural resources (including monuments of architecture and decorative art) into the context of solution of personal growth, educational, recreational tasks of Soviet social pedagogics, measures aimed at state support to domestic tourism sector.

scholarly journals An analysis of the circumstances and factors that have influenced the development of Animation Industry in Iran in the 1960-2002 periods

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (SE) ◽  
pp. 61-77
Author(s):  
Naser Golmohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Policy ◽  
Animation Industry ◽  
Historical View ◽  
Feature Films ◽  
Art Form ◽  
Iranian History ◽  
The Government ◽  
Printed Materials ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

In the early part of 20th century animation emerged as a revolutionary way of making art. It evolved into a powerful means of expression and creativity of artists who could merge all art genres into one art form. The subsequent developments of animation have opened its diverse uses in entertainment business, education and political propaganda. This article attempts to examine the factors that have influenced and shaped the development of animation industry in Iran. It takes a historical view and investigates the impacts of changing socio-economic and political forces that have determined the functions of animation in the Iranian society. The study traces the establishment of the industry to the government-run centres, describing the pioneering role of artists who gave rise to the ‘golden age’ of animation in the pre-revolutionary Iran. Especial attention is throughout paid to the long and rich cultural and artistic heritages, as the thematic basis for indigenously produced animated films in Iran. The growth of the industry is considered in conjuncture with the expansion of feature films cinema and expansion of television networks. The latter is particularly important for the fact that it provides a secured market for a sizeable audience of children and young people in Iran. The study analyses the impact of the 1979 Islamic Revolution on the animation industry from a period of stagnation to a highly promoted and government sponsored artistic and industrial activity. In the post-revolutionary period, the industry was transformed from one reflecting the Iranian history and culture to the one that emphasises the Islamic-Iranian values and Islamic traditions; hence animation has become an ideological means in propagating the cultural policy of the state. Thus, animation has increasingly become a cultural industry assigned to supply growing needs of television and artistic works reserved for international festivals.This research is largely based on extensive interviews with animation artists and those who are working in the industry complemented with a sample of questionnaires addressed to both Iranian artists and foreign observers and participants in the Iranian International festivals on animation. The research methodology is also supplemented with the research on printed materials – very few and often descriptive- and personal experience of working over twenty years in the industry.

scholarly journals Mapping Film Programming across Post-War Europe (1952)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-125
Author(s):  
Thunnis van Oort ◽  
Åsa Jernudd ◽  
Kathleen Lotze ◽  
Clara Pafort-Overduin ◽  
Daniël Biltereyst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Global Level ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Aggregated Data ◽  
Feature Films ◽  
Post War

Abstract This data paper and the data collection from which it emerges aim to present a fully harmonized data set originating in several research projects on post-war cinema programming. The paper will reflect on the collection and structure of this aggregated data set, that consists of titles of feature films screened for public viewing in cinemas in the cities Bari (Italy), Antwerp and Ghent (Belgium), Gothenburg (Sweden), Leicester (United Kingdom) and Rotterdam (Netherlands) for the year 1952. As comparisons of movie-going patterns between European countries are still rare, this paper offers a model for constructing a data set which can be replicated, scaled up and used to compare, contextualize, and eventually theorize practices of cinema-going across countries at a global level.

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