scholarly journals Heroic memoratives in the Russian toponymicon

Neophilology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 596-604
Author(s):  
Sergey A. Popov
Keyword(s):  
Hot Spots ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
The State ◽  
War Of 1812 ◽  
Russian Civil War ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Effective Role

We consider the place of heroic memoratives in the toponymic space of Russian Federation (at the level of oikonymy, urbanonymy, oronymy). The purpose of research is to show the effective role of commemorative practices, which are part of the state toponymic policy and aimed at preserving the historical memory of the heroic past of our country for posterity, using the example of Russian toponymy. We conclude that the state ideology is one of the main reasons for the ap-pearance of toponyms-memoratives, gives the main categories of heroic personalities after whom geographical objects were named (heroes of military battles of the initial period of Russia before the 18th century, Patriotic War of 1812, October Revolution of 1917 and Russian Civil War, Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945, fighting in “hot spots” in peacetime, heroes of labor). In conclusion, we note that in the names of geographical objects considered, different historical epochs were intertwined, in which our ancestors showed courage and heroism in defending the Fatherland from external and internal enemies, and also performed labor feats for the benefit of their native country.

scholarly journals On some formation features of the historical memory of the new generations

2020 ◽  
pp. 82-87
Author(s):  
Nikolay L. Myslivets
Keyword(s):  
Historical Memory ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Empirical Basis ◽  
Decisive Influence ◽  
Great Patriotic War

The article considers the issues relating to the formation and preservation of the memory of the Great Patriotic War in the minds of younger generations. The results of two studies conducted in 2010 and 2018 were used as the empirical basis. The trends in the historical memory of the war are described, the sources of information, the role of social institutions that have a decisive influence on its formation and functioning are analyzed.

scholarly journals Accounting and disciplinary methods in fishery management

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 218-249
Author(s):  
Stefania Servalli ◽  
Antonio Gitto
Keyword(s):  
Fishery Management ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
The State ◽  
Fish Stock ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Papal States

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to contribute to the research related to “the interplay between accounting and the state, politics, and local authorities in the broad government and administration of food for sustainability of populations” (Sargiacomo et al., 2016). Considering contemporary examples and investigating the genealogy of an 18th-century reform of fishery management (the New Plan), the authors explore the role played by accounting and calculative practices when local authorities intervene using forms of discipline based on control systems that acted on commons (fish), people and space.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is historically grounded on archival research on a fish provisioning case during the 18th century in Ancona, an Italian town on the Adriatic coast. The investigation adopts an approach focussed on the use of disciplinary methods in the terms highlighted by Foucault. This perspective offers a lens capable of revealing the key role of accounting in a period when discipline became “general formulas of domination” (Foucault, 1977) and the Papal States were looking for food provisioning solutions (Foucault, 2007). The study highlights similarities with contemporary fishery management.FindingsThe paper shows that governability of fishery in a commons' logic is not limited by the properties of the good, but rather “it is achieved through the objects and instruments that are deployed to make it possible” (Johnsen, 2014, p. 429). It reveals forms assumed by economic calculation in different eras and their contribution in the art of governing realised by the state (Hoskin and Macve, 2016). The study unveils how accounting effectively operates using “naming and counting” activities (Ezzamel and Hoskin, 2002) based on a system of documents and accounting registers; these have a pivotal role in redefining fishery management and in keeping goods (fish) and people (fishermen) under control. The investigation also highlights the importance of properly quantifying data in fishery management, confirming the literature on the topic (Beddington et al., 2007, p. 1713). In contemporary situations, data refer to quantifying the fish stock in the sea and the consequent estimation of fish catch. In the historical investigation, although environmental protection was not an issue, quantification refers to the fish that entered the town of Ancona, whose estimation was the result of a new calculative approach adopted by local authorities facing fish needs. In addition, it offers early evidence of organised and rational-based control mechanisms that were the result of Enlightened ideas emerging in the Papal States context.Originality/valueDespite the fact that fish represent a fundamental good for governments to act on in response to a population's needs, there has been no attention paid to how governmental authorities have used disciplinary mechanisms to intervene in fishery management or the role played by accounting. This study's novelty is its investigation of fishery, using Foucauldian disciplinary methods to understand accounting's contribution in fishery governance. In addition, this investigation permits to unveil the role of accounting to support one of the main principles of the governance of commons that is represented by the congruence between rules and local conditions (Fennell, 2011, p. 11; Ostrom, 1990, p. 92).

Environmental Non-Governmental Organizations and Russian Environmental Governance: Accountability, Participation and Collaboration

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 341-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Sofronova ◽  
Cameron Holley ◽  
Vijaya Nagarajan
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Governance ◽  
The State ◽  
Collaborative Relationship ◽  
Accountability Measures ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Effective Role ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis article examines the role of environmental non-governmental organizations (ENGOs) in Russia and the impact of tightening governmental accountability measures. Drawing on 18 interviews conducted in 2012–13 with Russian and international ENGOs, the article examines three key governance issues, namely: the collaborative relationship between the state and ENGOs, the impact of accountability measures on ENGO activities, and the relationships between ENGOs themselves. The findings reveal that ENGOs maintain a legitimate and effective role within Russian environmental governance. However, their legitimacy and success is significantly limited and threatened by increasing accountability measures and state actions. The article accordingly identifies a number of recommendations for increasing the likelihood of successful ENGO action in Russian environmental governance, including improving ENGO collaboration with the state and resolving tensions between participation and accountability.

AGITATION AND PROPAGANDA PROTECTION OF STATE INTERESTS IN THE IVANOVO REGION IN 1941

2020 ◽  
pp. 58-65
Author(s):  
Vladimir Okolotin
Keyword(s):  
Initial Period ◽  
The State ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Soviet Government ◽  
Radio Broadcasting ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Defense

The article is devoted to the study of the actions of the Soviet state on agitation and propaganda protection of state interests in the Ivanovo region in 1941. It reflects the measures of the Soviet government and the state defense Committee of the USSR to prevent uncontrolled forms of dissemination of information that arouses alarm among the population and measures of responsibility for these actions. Important attention is paid to such official means of countering German propaganda in the Ivanovo region as radio broadcasting, periodicals and film production. It shows the specifics of their activities in the most difficult conditions of the initial period of the great Patriotic war, the degree of perception of the population of the region of the information they bring. The article is based on the materials of the Russian state archive of socio-political history, the state archive of the Ivanovo region and the local periodical press. The results of this research may be of interest to specialists in the history of the great Patriotic war, students of higher educational institutions, as well as the General public.

scholarly journals Historical Memory of the Great Patriotic War as a Soft Power Resource of Modern Russia

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
A.O. Naumov
Keyword(s):  
Soft Power ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Brics Countries ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
History Of ◽  
Second World

The article is devoted to the study of the role of historical memory of the Great Patriotic War as a resource of soft power of the Russian Federation. The research methods used are the method of historicism, institutional approach and comparative analysis. In this context, the countries that are members of the Eurasian Economic Union (Russia, Belarus, Armenia, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan) and the BRICS (Russia, Brazil, India, China, South Africa) are considered as objects of implementation of the domestic soft power policy. The author reveals the awareness of the peoples of these states about the history of the Second World War and the Great Patriotic War, the attitude of political elites to the events of 1939-1945, peculiarity of state politics of historical memory in relation to this global conflict. Based on this analysis, proposals are formulated to optimize the Russian strategy of soft power in the EEU and BRICS countries. The author concludes that the narrative of the Great Victory is potentially a very effective resource of modern Russia’s soft power.

scholarly journals Historical memory of the Great Patriotic War: reasons for pluralism

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-35
Author(s):  
Galina S. Shirokalova
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Young People ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Emotional Reaction ◽  
The State ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Network Resources ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
Great Patriotic War

The article analyzes the results of a sociological study of the historical memory of students about the World War II in general (and the Great Patriotic War in particular), conducted by the Russian Society of Sociologists in 2020, as well as materials from surveys of other research teams. The author comes to the conclusion that historical memory is formed, first of all, by the information field, set by state institutions or encouraged by them (school, mass media, network resources). Contradictory assessment of the events of the twentieth century led to the rupture of the historical memory of generations and the formation of a large group of people ready to accept the revision of the geopolitical results of the war from the standpoint of history falsifiers. The attitude of young people to the past, without taking into account the cause-and-effect liaison of the events of that time, is explained not only by the extinction of communicative memory for the departure of war generations, the desacralization of their life, deed, death. The range of factors is much wider. Since there is no integral picture of the history of the USSR, there is no value core for assessing events of the Great Patriotic War either. In the absence of historical hygiene in the Russian Federation, the entire Soviet period turns into historical antiques for new generations. They treat this in different ways: with reverence, condescension, aggressiveness, indifference, but it is excessive for the daily life of the majority. The slogan “If required, we repeat / can repeat”, replicated on May 9, is nothing more than a short-term emotional reaction, including to PR management, but not the readiness / mindset / promise of action in a real war. The opposition of the state to the country, that is reflected in the popular among young people song of the group Lumen, actually testifies to alienation from both the state and the country, since there is no one without the other. Questions are inevitable: how adequate are the methodologies and techniques based on which social scientists choose the range of factors that form the portrait of modern youth and predict the direction of further socialization of its individual groups? How many meaningful collaborators should there be to lose / win a civilizational battle in which historical memory is only one of the components? According to the author, the conditions and opportunities for the realization of the desired worldview values ​​in modern Russia adjust the attitude to the present and the life strategies of young people to a greater extent than historical memory.

scholarly journals On the role of national education in formation of identity

2020 ◽  
pp. 62-74
Author(s):  
Svetlana Igorevna Skorokhodova
Keyword(s):  
Religious Education ◽  
Educational System ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Religious Philosophy ◽  
The West ◽  
National Education ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Education Concept

The object of this research is national education, viewed on the example of educational system of white émigré during the 1920s – 1940s. The article is dedicated to topical questions of national education related to ideological orientation of pedagogy, role of philosophy and religious education, concept and content of Russian Orthodox pedagogy, relevance of the spiritual heritage of the Slavophiles, etc. The author draws parallels between the post-revolutionary and post-Soviet emigration, determines the origins, objectives and mechanisms that existed within the system of education of Russian refugees during the 1920s – 1940s. The author reveals the fundamental religious and philosophical ideas that underlied the emigrant education. The succession between the philosophical and pedagogical ideas of Slavophiles and Russian thinkers who left Russia after the revolution is demonstrated. The conclusion is made that the educational system of white émigré in the West and the East in the 1920s – 1940s leant on the national traditions and history; it was oriented towards preservation of national identity and historical memory, and associated with the question of survival; it was based on the ideas of Russian religious philosophy, which comprised the ideological framework and included political component. It had impact upon the culture of other nations, and resulted in the fact that many immigrants actively fought against fascists during the Great Patriotic War.

scholarly journals Memory of the Students About the Great Patriotic War: Сommon and Special

2020 ◽  
pp. 299-330
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Ustinkin ◽  
◽  
Natalia M. Morozova ◽  
Pavel I. Kukonkov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Historical Memory ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Historical Consciousness ◽  
The State ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Social Self ◽  
Youth Groups ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Young Students ◽  
State Educational

Changes in Russian society, happened in the last three decades, determine the contradictory process of socialization of the younger generation. The blurry of perceptions about the type of personality demanded by society and the state, in many ways, determines the chaotic process of forming the values of young people, which proceed under the influence of random and sometimes divergent factors. Changing objective living conditions in modern Russian society leads to a significant complication of social self-determination processes, the formation of the problematic identity of various youth groups. The authors of the article focused on identifying local-territorial and sociocultural features of the memory of the Great Patriotic War of the students of the large regional centers of the Volga Federal District. The dynamics of this process are analyzed on the basis of data obtained during the research of historical memory of students of Nizhny Novgorod region and cities of the Volga Federal District in 2005–2015. The Volga branch of FCTAS RAS and LUNN, as well as the all-Russian sociological study of the Russian society of sociologists in 2020. The authors of the article substantiate the conclusion that the structure of the historical memory of young students is very selective, often without sufficient justification fixes attention on some events and ignores others, contributing to the mythologization of historical consciousness, disorienting it and creating a favorable ground for the emergence and strengthening of social destruction. The authors’ conclusion is convincing that without special eff orts of society, the state, educational institutions aimed at forming the historical consciousness of young students, it is impossible to maintain the attitude to the Great Patriotic War, as a landmark event in world and national history.

scholarly journals Cross-cultural communication during the lend-lease supplies via the Arctic route

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 00003
Author(s):  
Elena Aleksandrova ◽  
Elena Kokanova
Keyword(s):  
Cross Cultural ◽  
The State ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Cultural Communication ◽  
Cultural Mediation ◽  
Cross Cultural Communication ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
State Archives ◽  
Professional Translator

The article presents the overview of the ways in which cross-cultural communication was carried out during the lend-lease supplies via the Arctic convoys. It reflects on the importance of non-professional translation and cross-cultural mediation in such spheres as medicine, hospitality, transport, customs, etc. The skills of a professional translator are viewed in contrast to those necessary for successful linguistic mediation. The authors emphasise the role of international seamen's clubs in the establishment of contacts between the represantatives of different nationalites. Much of the information provided in the article has never been published before as it was obtained in the state archives of Murmansk and Arkhangelsk, some of which have been open for research in recent years. A number of documents concerning details of cross-cultural mediation during the period of the Arctic convoys were lost or destroyed during the Great Patriotic War, so some information can be obtained only from the participants of the events of that period who are not numerous nowadays.

Role of S. V. Korolenko in Evacuation of the Poltava Literary and Memorial Museum of V. G. Korolenko to Sverdlovsk in 1941

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (10) ◽  
pp. 368-383
Author(s):  
A. S. Mokhov ◽  
K. R. Kapsalykova
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Cultural Property ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Memorial Museums ◽  
Memorial Museum ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation

The article is devoted to the problem of the evacuation of cultural values during the Great Patriotic War. The relevance of the research is due to the fact that in historiography insufficient attention is paid to the salvation of the treasures of provincial museums in 1941—1942. The question is raised about the lack of a unified plan for the evacuation of museum collections from the western regions of the USSR in the initial period of the war. The novelty of the research is in the introduction into scientific circulation of a unique document — a report on the evacuation of the literary and memorial museum of V. G. Korolenko from Poltava to Sverdlovsk. The question of the history of the creation of the museum and its work in the pre-war period is considered. The authors dwell on the history of the creation of literary and memorial museums in the USSR in the 1920s-1930s. The composition of the archive of V.G.Korolenko is characterized. It is shown that the graduates of the higher female Bestuzhev courses played a significant role in this process. Particular attention is paid to the activities of the museum director, the writer’s eldest daughter, Sofya Vladimirovna Korolenko. It has been proven that she is credited with saving the museum collection from the front line. According to the authors, the history of the evacuation of cultural property during the war is a poorly studied issue, the solution of which depends on the publication of sources.

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