RIGHTS REALIZATION PROBLEMS OF THE PATIENTS WITH ONCOPATHOLOGY TO PALLIATIVE CARE

2018 ◽  
pp. 113-118
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Nikolayevna Pronina
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Narcotic Analgesics ◽  
Specialized Knowledge ◽  
Medical Interventions ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Oncological Diseases ◽  
The Russian Federation

We investigate the problem of legal support rights realization problems of the patients with oncopathology to palliative care. Palliative care in the legislation is defined as a set of medical interventions aimed at relieving from pain and other severe manifestations of the disease in order to improve the life quality of terminally ill citizens. The choice of the category of patients is due to the fact that malignant neoplasms are one of the main causes of death worldwide, they are the second cause of death in the Russian Federation. We analyze the current regulatory framework governing the provision of palliative care for cancer, establishing the rights of patients; were define the main problems of legislation implementation in this area, more specifically: the problems of staffing offices, departments and centers of palliative care, the need to create such a specialty as a doctor for palliative care, the problem of registration of obtaining narcotic analgesics for patients with oncological diseases and reporting on their use, the lack of specialized knowledge of doctors about schemes of anesthetization, the lack of information about routing in obtaining palliative care and information about the rights of patients.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF QUALITY OF RENDERING PALLIATIVE CARE TO THE ONCOLOGY PATIENTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 177-187
Author(s):  
E.P. Gladunova
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Medical Assistance ◽  
Oncology Patients ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
The World ◽  
Oncological Diseases ◽  
Prevalence Of Cancer ◽  
Palliative Patients

The analysis of prevalence of cancer in the world, in Russia and on the territory of the Samara Region. The results of analysis of neglect of oncological diseases in the Samara region; the results of regression analysis of growth of oncological diseases are presented. The organization of rendering palliative care in the Samara Region is studied and assessment of provision of palliative patients with berths is carried out. The estimate of provision of patients with malignant neoplasms with drugs for pain management. Factors that reduce the quality of rendering of medical assistance to the oncology patients are revealed. Directions of improving the quality of pharmaceutical care of patients with cancer are suggested.

Radiation Contribution Assessment to Development of Multiple Oncological Diseases in the Late Period of Acute Radiation Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-48
Author(s):  
I. Galstyan ◽  
M. Konchalovsky ◽  
M. Kozlova ◽  
V. Nugis
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Effects ◽  
Acute Radiation ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Early Diagnostics ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Oncological Diseases ◽  
The Given

Purpose: On clinical examples to estimate a probable contribution of the postponed earlier external radiation of all body in the doses exceeding 1 Gy at development of multiple malignant neoplasms of different localization and a leukaemia. Material and methods: At 8 of 164 patients, it is long observed after the postponed acute radiation syndrome (ARS), multiple oncological diseases are revealed. Dynamics of consecutive forming of solid tumors at 2 patients and also malignant neoplasms and a myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) with transformation in an acute leukamia at 1 patient is tracked. Observation duration – 31 years, 43 years and 32 years. Results: Availability of medical care to the patients who transferred ARS and high quality of its rendering at all stages (out-patient, stationary) allowed to reveal malignant neoplasms at early stages of development and to achieve an absolute recovery. However eventually at these patients development and other oncological diseases was observed. The given clinical observations allow to assume that at presented cases radiation acted on various stages of carcinogenesis, and its contribution to development of different oncological diseases in all patients was not identical. Conclusion: The analysis of clinical observations allows to assume that radiation contribution to genesis of various oncological diseases at the persons which underwent radiation in the doses causing development of ARS is various. Now in our country there are no approaches to quantitative assessment of a contribution of radiation effects to development of malignant neoplasms in each case. The patients who underwent acute single exposition in doses over 1 Gy have to be considered as having predisposition to development of multiple tumors in the remote terms. In this regard they for life need medical follow up for the purpose of early diagnostics and adequate treatment of the developing malignant neoplasms.

scholarly journals Statistical evaluation of the quality of working life of employees in the russian federation

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 42-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera V. Zholudeva ◽  
Nadezhda F. Melnichenko
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Working Life ◽  
Quality Of Working Life ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
The Russian Federation

Quality of life is one of the most important characteristics that reflects a comprehensive description of the level and living conditions. Nowadays quality of working life is an integral feature of “Quality of Life”. Quality of working life identifies working conditions and labor management. The quality of working life allows us to determine the working conditions, its organization from the perspective of the optimal realization of the abilities of employees.The article analyzes the domestic approaches to the definition and evaluation of the quality of working life. The conducted research allowed the authors to draw the following conclusions: the quality of working life is characterized by a multitude of indicators, and the required condition for studying the quality of working life is the development of techniques that allow the evaluation of the studied category.The goal is to evaluate the quality of working life in Russia.Methods. A number of indicators are presented to estimate the quality of working life of employees in the Russian Federation. According to the authors, those indicators are employment, labor safety, work safety, salary, and competence level and workforce productivity. The analysis that is based on data from Federal State Statistics Service has been done in view of gender factors and federal district differences. According to this analysis, the general part of workforce has jobs with harmful or dangerous working conditions. Extractive and process industries are considered the most hazardous.The article describes the method of integrated assessment of working life quality, based on the study of social and labor sphere of the Federal districts of Russia. Based on this author’s method, the integral indicators of the quality of working life of the population of the Russian Federation in the context of Federal districts are calculated and analyzed and the rating of each of them is determined.Results. The article notes that the quality of working life reflects not only the working conditions and its payment, but also the relations in the working collective, the motivation of the personnel to work. The most important motivational factors and characteristics of the socio-psychological climate of the enterprise are determined. The set of indicators, proposed by the authors and the methods of assessing the quality of the working life of the population can be useful to local governments for determining the rating of the quality of working life of officers in municipalities, and thus for making various managerial decisions.

scholarly journals Neither Last nor Least: Integration of Early Palliative Care Into Standard Oncology Care

2020 ◽  
pp. 36-41
Author(s):  
Roland Kunz
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Oncological Treatment ◽  
Early Palliative Care ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Oncology Care ◽  
Care Capacity

Traditionally, medical oncology has concentrated on the development, implementation, and application of anticancer therapies, therefore in a number of cancers long- and short-term survival has been significantly improved.1 However, for most patients, quality of life is crucial, irrespective of the clinical course of the illness or the duration of survival.2 It is estimated that by 2060, over 16 million people will die from malignant neoplasms and experience serious health-related suffering annually, which is double the number compared with 2016.3 Consequently, building non-specialist palliative care capacity among all healthcare providers by integration of palliative care in the oncological treatment as early as possible is crucial.2,4 But how can we do that?

scholarly journals Principles of questionnaires’ validation on the example the Caregiver Quality of Life-Cancer (CQOL-C) questionnaire

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 26-29
Author(s):  
Marta Gawlik ◽  
Donata Kurpas
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
English Language ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Burnout Syndrome ◽  
World Health ◽  
Polish Version ◽  
Four Levels

In Poland, the statistics on the number of people diagnosed with cancer reveal an increase in the enormity of the problem. In consequence, these include an increase in the number of people taking care of cancer patients at homes. There are currently no available Polish version questionnaire, which allows the assessment of the quality of life for home caregivers. English-language questionnaire examining the quality of life of cancer patients’ caregivers has been developed by the team supervised by M.A.Weitzner and has been widely used since 1999. It contains 35 questions, which are aimed at assessing the level of functioning on four levels: mental, emotional, spiritual and financial. The validation of this questionnaire fulfils the guidelines of translation and validation for the questionnaires, which are deterrmined in a document about the process of translation and adaptation of the instruments of the World Health Organization. Cultural adaptation was an indispensable element for validation, which has met four criteria: allegiance to the translation of the questionnaire into Polish language, the criterion of functional equivalence, the principle of the facade equivalence and the criterion of accuracy reconstruction. The main goal of therapeutic teams in the palliative care is continuous enhancement of their patients and families life quality, including home environments. Both the Polish validation and the application of the questionnaire assessing the life quality of the cancer patients’ caregivers will make it possible to focus on the issues and needs of that population better. The scale may become a useful research tool for evaluation and prevention of the burnout syndrome experienced among family members providing care for cancer patients. Polish version of the CQOL-C questionnaire has met all the validation criteria and can be applied by the therapeutic teams in the palliative care.

scholarly journals Palliative Care in Gynaecological Oncology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nalezinska Monika ◽  
Chovanec Josef
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Curative Intent ◽  
Aggressive Cancer ◽  
Life Prognosis ◽  
Patient’S Autonomy ◽  
Postmenopausal Status ◽  
Oncological Diseases

Palliative care in gynaecologic oncology focuses on specific and severe symptoms resulting from affected abdominal and pelvic organs and feminine genitals. These symptoms are mainly connected to advanced gynaecologic malignancies. Patients with locally advanced or recurrent gynaecologic cancers may present with various symptoms. Among those we discuss vaginal bleeding, vaginal discharge and fistulas. Vice versa non-malignant diseases and non-pelvic site diseases such as inflammations, overdose of anticoagulants, wounds or pressure ulcers may have similar clinical manifestation. Some symptoms may result from aggressive cancer treatment (oncological surgery, radiotherapy) with curative intent. Some symptoms get worse on account of the postmenopausal status (natural or artificial following any type of ovarian failure). For advanced gynae-oncological diseases it has been in practise, that the best palliative care is offered and practised simultaneously with curative treatment. The problematics of gynaecologic symptoms in palliative care represents delicate and intimate sphere and it may disturb patient’s autonomy and dignity. The mission of physicians, nurses and caregivers is to consider treatment options thoroughly in context of patient’s quality of life, prognosis and life conditions to fulfil the ideals of the best symptomatic and supportive care.

Organizational and legal aspects of the quality of palliative care for cancer patients at the present stage

2020 ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Ertel
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
High Quality ◽  
The Russian Federation

This article discusses some of results of the change in legislation governing the provision of palliative care for cancer patients. Patients are provided with medical and social services with consideration of their individual needs. Priority of social home services for patients remains when determining the form of social services. It is noted that some measures have been taken to organize affordable and high-quality palliative care to eliminate legislative and law-enforcement difficulties in the Russian Federation at the present stage.

Cervical cancer in the Russian Federation and the risks of vaginal fistula

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-54
Author(s):  
M. N. Saryev ◽  
R. K. Valiev ◽  
M. I. Nechushkin ◽  
M. B. Nurberdyev ◽  
I. V. Panichenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Vaginal Fistula ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Relevant Task ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Oncological Diseases ◽  
The Russian Federation

This review aims to provide up-to-date information on the factors associated with an increased risk of vaginal fistula in women with cervical cancer, as well as on methods of their prevention and treatment. It includes data on various types of vaginal fistulas in cervical cancer patients and risk factors for their development, according to foreign and Russian research articles published over the last 20 years. Cervical cancer is one of the most challenging oncological diseases in the Russian Federation, because it is detected at stage III–IV in more than 30 % of women. Such a high incidence of cervical cancer and the need for radiotherapy determine high risk of fistulas, which significantly impairs the quality of life. Thus, identification of factors associated with vaginal fistulas, as well as methods of their prevention and treatment remains a highly relevant task for the Russian healthcare system.

Fisioterapia Paliativa Aplicada ao Paciente Oncológico Terminal

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Daiane Bruna Leal Burgos
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
The Body ◽  
Terminal Cancer ◽  
Physiotherapy Treatment ◽  
Terminal Cancer Patients ◽  
Complementary Techniques

Câncer é o nome dado ao grupo de doenças malignas caracterizadas pelo crescimento celular anormal e que pode se espalhar para várias regiões do corpo. O tratamento dos pacientes oncológicos terminais, sem perspectivas curativas, necessita da multidisciplinaridade da equipe de saúde, incluindo a fisioterapia, que dispõe de técnicas complementares aos cuidados paliativos, tanto na melhora dos sintomas quanto na qualidade de vida desses pacientes. Assim, o presente artigo tem como objetivo descrever os benefícios da atuação do fisioterapeuta nos cuidados paliativos do paciente com câncer terminal. A revisão bibliográfica foi realizada nas bases de dados Lilacs, Medline e SciELO. Sendo os descritores de saúde utilizados: câncer terminal, fisioterapia, oncologia e cuidados paliativos de artigos publicados nas línguas inglesa, espanhola e portuguesa, no período de 2000 a 2014. Dos dez trabalhos incluídos para compor a discussão, oito apresentaram a importância da fisioterapia na equipe multidisciplinar, que trabalha com pacientes oncológicos terminais, sendo estes resultados apresentados por meio dos benefícios de suas técnicas aplicadas a esses pacientes, evidenciada principalmente na dor e na imobilidade. Apenas dois artigos apresentaram objeções quanto ao encaminhamento do tratamento fisioterapêutico paliativo direcionado para pacientes oncológicos terminais, pois em seus estudos, o resultado encontrado foi a falta de investimento público nessa área, o que resulta em desconhecimento da atuação de profissionais fisioterapeutas especialistas em oncologia. Os estudos encontrados mostram que a fisioterapia tem um papel relevante nos cuidados paliativos, entretanto necessita-se de uma maior oferta e implementação deste tratamento nos serviços de saúde.Palavras-chave: Câncer Terminal. Fisioterapia. Oncologia. Cuidados Paliativos.AbstractCancer is the name given to the group of malignant diseases characterized by the abnormal cell growth and can spread to various parts of the body. The treatment of oncological terminal patients without healing perspectives needs a multidisciplinary health team, including physiotherapy that offers complementary techniques to palliative care, both in the symptoms improvement and life quality of these patients. It describes the benefits of the physiotherapist’s role in palliative care of patients with terminal cancer. A literature review was performed using the following databases: Lilacs, Medline and Scielo. The health descriptors used are: terminal cancer, physiotherapy, oncology and palliative care articles published in English, Spanish and Portuguese from 2000 to 2014. Out of the ten papers included to compose the discussion, eight had the importance of the physiotherapy in the multidisciplinary team that works with terminal cancer patients, these results presented through the benefits of its techniques applied to these patients primarily evidenced in pain and immobility. Only two articles had objected to the referral palliative physiotherapy treatment to terminal cancer patients because in their studies, the result found was the lack of public investment in this area which results in a lack of performance from expert physiotherapists in oncology. These studies show that physiotherapy plays an important role in palliative care but a greater supply and implementation of this treatment in health services are needed.Keywords: Terminal Cancer. Physiotherapy. Oncology. Palliative Care.

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