scholarly journals Interrogative modifications of mononuclear and two-member sentences in modern Russian

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (24) ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
Alya V. Kanafieva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Models ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Interrogative Sentence ◽  
Modern Russian

The purpose of the article is to define and characterize the paradigm of interrogative modifications of mononuclear and two-member sentences that have the function of an expressive message, which do not imply a verbally expressed answer. The article substantiates the convenience of their definition as rhetorical statements. Members of each paradigm are analyzed from the point of view of their structure and semantic features, considering not only the standard meanings of denial, affirmation and subjective reflection, but also modal and emotional-evaluative shades. The article points out the peculiarities of their intonation which is different from the intonation of an interrogative sentence; the specifics of the structure (the presence of reinterpreted interrogative-pronominal words (pronominal components) and interrogative particles, that represent rhetorical formants); a complex of subjective-modal meanings. These properties create the expressiveness of the analyzed models. We also draw attention to their phraseological character, though the degree of their impenetrability is not as high as that of the actual phraseological units. Taking into consideration the above aspects, we analyze the paradigm of interrogative modifications of some mononuclear and two-member sentences with a supporting component что, also included in the analytical predicative combinations что толку, что пользы, что нужды, etc. We note the specifics of modal-temporal meanings of interrogative modifications in comparison with typical structural models of mononuclear and two-member sentences, as well as a tendency towards generalization of these meanings. Standard predicate-modal meanings of inexpediency and unimportance are enriched with various emotional shades of subjective modality. Among the analyzed models, the article highlights evaluative ones with a predicate что (что такое) in two-member models and with analytical predicate forms: что хорошего (плохого, удивительного, странного, etc.).

Linguocultural aspect of foreign language words of youth jargon

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-44
Author(s):  
Malika Zoxirovna Salomova
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
External Borrowing ◽  
Modern Russian

The article is devoted to the problems of analyzing the composition of modern youth jargon. The article outlines the specificity of youth jargon among other socialists of the modern Russian language, gives a description of internal and external borrowing as part of the vocabulary of youth jargon, describes their structural and semantic features.

scholarly journals DESCRIPTIVE VERBAL-NOMINAL CONSTRUCTIONS WITH CAUSATIVE SEMANTICS IN MODERN RUSSIAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 83-88
Author(s):  
Evgenia N. Laguzova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Language ◽  
Semantic Structure ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Formal Expression ◽  
Causative Constructions ◽  
Main Components ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Modern Russian

The article discusses descriptive verbal-nominal constructions with causative verbal components. The relevance of the study is due to the attention of modern linguistics to the problem of analyticism in the Russian language grammar, the lack of study of the structural and semantic features of analytical constructions with causatives. The novelty of the work consists in identifying the features of the semantic structure of sentences with causative verbal components. A feature of causative DVNC is recognized as dismembered semantics. Two varieties of causative constructions formed by descriptive verbal-nominal constructions are distinguished – sentences with arbitrary and automatic causation. The description of statements draws attention to the main semantic components – causative and causable subjects, methods of their formal expression. Differences in the semantic structure of sentences with spontaneous and automatic causation are shown. The purposefulness of causative action in sentences with spontaneous causation and indirectness of influence in sentences with automatic causation are due to the semantic features of the main components of causative statements with DVNC – the causative and causable subject. Constructions with spontaneous causation form polysubject monopropositive, DVNC with automatic causation form polysubject polypropositive structures. The peculiarity of the semantic structure of additional statements of DVNC unpretentious forms – participal – with causative semantics was noted. In sentences with DVNC unpretentious forms, the incentive is mitigated. Additional statements with DVNC form polypropositive constructions. The development of verbal-nominal constructions with causatives is associated with a tendency to analyticism, characteristic of the modern Russian language grammar. The materials of the article will be used in lexicographic practice – when compiling a dictionary of descriptive verbal-nominal constructions, in teaching special courses on the problem of nomination.

Word and Digit

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 484-500
Author(s):  
Yuri M. Polyakov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Literature ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Local Television ◽  
Personal Issue ◽  
National Life ◽  
Tv Shows ◽  
Modern Russian

The author analyzes the negative processes in modern Russian culture including the degradation of the Russian language use in literature, society and mass media; general substitution of Russian terms for borrowed foreign analogues; low artistic level of local television serials; openly pro-Western character of entertainment TV shows. Still these processes have a deeper layer: actual denial of the art educational and instructive role in Russia, including literature, theatre and cinema; the loss of the tradition that envisaged artistic research of social and moral state of the society. Against this background the author studies the dual-community factor of modern Russian literature: “pochvenicheskiy” and “intertextual”. The first interprets literature as part of the national life, when the last defines it as strictly personal issue. The isolation of two communities from each other, the state self-barring from the support of the most important from the point of view of self-identity issues, senses and directions in modern Russian literature, in particular, and in culture and art, in general, lead Russian literature (philology) in the direction of Russophobia commercial exploitation. An important part here is played by the degradation of the institutes of the literary community inner expertise, and in particular – the lowering of the level and quality of literary critic.

scholarly journals The Polysemy of “chɔ̂ɔp” in Thai: A Pragmatically Motivated Phenomenon

MANUSYA ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 75-82
Author(s):  
Kandaporn Jaroenkitboworn
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Semantic Feature ◽  
Transitional Period ◽  
Word Class ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Social Standing ◽  
Part Of Speech ◽  
Characteristic Behavior ◽  
Actual Use ◽  
Pragmatic Motivation

This paper analyzes the word chɔ̂ɔp in Thai, which normally signifies three different meanings, namely ‘to be right’, ‘to like’ and ‘often’. The result of the analysis shows that it is more likely that the polysemy of chɔ̂ɔp arises from pragmatic motivation. Pragmatic motivation, which covers factors such as speakers’ attitude, intention, point of view, behavior and social standing, can affect actual use of language. Pragmatically, the word chɔ̂ɔp that means ‘to be right’ can easily lead to an action of agreement. In other words, when we regard something right; we tend to agree on it without argument. This attitude is related to another meaning of chɔ̂ɔp in the way that the degree of agreeability is strengthened into the meaning ‘to like’, or even ‘to love’ and ‘to enjoy’ sometimes. Also, when we like something, or even love and enjoy some activity, this kind of feeling can motivate us to do it again and again and thus we come to have a characteristic behavior. This typical behavior can consequently cause semantic features like [habitual] and [iterative] to occur. With the semantic feature [iterative], the word chɔ̂ɔp then has yet another meaning as ‘often’. This paper also discusses the grammaticalization of the word chɔ̂ɔp from a verb which means ‘to like’ into an adverb of frequency that means ‘often’ i.e. there is a change of word class or part of speech. It was found that there are many cases of chɔ̂ɔp that appear syntactically and semantically ambiguous, or, in other words they are in a transitional period of word class change. This paper indicates that such an ambiguity or incipient grammaticalization is motivated by the speaker’s attitude and point of view.

Un análisis cognitivo-funcional de la concordancia verbal con construcciones (pseudo)partitivas del tipo [N1 + de + N2]

Revue Romane ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrien Verveckken ◽  
Bert Cornillie
Keyword(s):  
Noun Phrase ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Corpus Analysis ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Alternative Account ◽  
Indefinite Article ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Verbal Agreement ◽  
Linguistic Account

In this paper we present a corpus-based, cognitive-linguistic account of the singular/plural agreement alternation with binominal constructions belonging to the [N1singular + de + N2plural]-type. From a syntagmatic point of view, plural agreement reflects a shift from N1 as the head of the Noun Phrase towards N1 being a quantifier to N2. This view is in line with grammaticalization theory and holds for many examples, yet there are important counterexamples where we find a singular verb despite N1 being used as a quantifier. The Hispanic linguistic literature mentions several factors that would favor plural agreement with N2 such as an indefinite article, the distance between the verb and the subject, the position of the subject and pseudopartitive rather than partitive use. The corpus analysis will show that these factors are not conclusive. Our alternative account has recourse to the concept of lexical persistence and shows to what extent the quantifier use of N1 retains semantic features associated with the head use of N1. We argue that verbal agreement phenomena can be motivated by the interaction between lexical persistence and the morpho-syntactic and semantic criteria listed in literature. Lexical persistence is thus not a side effect of the grammaticalization process, but a crucial dimension of binominal constructions in that it allows us to explain quantifier uses of N1 with a singular verb.

scholarly journals THE REPRESENTATION OF SUBCONCEPT THE BRITISH IN THE RUSSIAN BÉLLES-LÉTTRES

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (11(79)) ◽  
pp. 34-37
Author(s):  
Anastasiia Plakhtii
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Public Opinion ◽  
Russian Literature ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The World ◽  
Textual Approach ◽  
Belles Lettres ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Modern Russian

The purpose of this article is to analyze the lexical means of verbalization of the subconcept “THE BRITISH” in the Russian belles-lettres. The problem of national identity is closely related to the problem of national stereotype. The stereotype, including the national one, is closely related to the linguistic factor and has a discursive nature. According to S. Filyushkina, the national stereotype also creates its own special, verbalized reality, reflecting the nation’s ideas about itself or about another, very biased as a rule. These ideas have a collective character and are inherited by the individual due to education, the influence of the environment and public opinion. From the standpoint of the textual approach, the analysis of the linguistic embodiment of the kernel and the near periphery of the modern Russian literature of various periods (over 1000 samples). Verbalization of the image of the British in the artistic picture of the world is carried out using such frames as character, appearance, clothing, behavior. The appearance of the British is often assessed negatively. In terms of character, behavior and clothing, the British are divided into gentlemen and non-gentlemen. The former receive either a positive or an ironic assessment, the latter – more often negative, sometimes ironic. The good manners of the English are highlighted, especially in the process of their meal. English speech and pronunciation are also important from the point of view of authors.

scholarly journals English Influence on Linguistic Landscape of Modern Russian Cities

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Svetlana Pitina
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Linguistic Landscape ◽  
Place Names ◽  
Urban Place ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
City Space ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Place Naming ◽  
Modern Russian

This paper provides an integral cognitive and language and cultural study of linguistic landscape diversity which is of a particular interest from the viewpoint of multilingualism expansion. The research aims to outline and analyze peculiarities of English influence on the modern urban space of Russian cities. This paper puts forward and confirms the hypothesis that English influence on linguistic landscape of the three modern Russian cities is a regular process in commercial place naming, that it is realized in various ways in different types of ergonyms to meet the demands of customers. Local city space is seen as a complex system from the point of view of language and cultural studies. Local urban naming is analyzed on the material of about 1,000 partially or completely anglicized names of language centers, tourist agencies and book shops of Yekaterinburg, Saint-Petersburg and Chelyabinsk retrieved from official websites. The data analysis has shown the existence of both general tendencies in forming urban commercial place names and realization of regional consciousness in naming. The findings prove that nomination processes in urban naming combine local and global tendencies. One of the main universal tendencies of naming is urban globalization realized in the English influence on the modern linguistic landscape in general and on the urban place names in particular. It is shown that English influence (Anglicization) is realized in glocalization, the coexistence of English and local characteristics of Russian urban place names. Anglicization tendencies and mechanisms include language fashion and creativity. The study reveals patterns of borrowing, codeswitching and language interplay. It is illustrated that blending, transliteration from English into Russian, usage of hybrid words and expressions are characteristic of the analyzed minor place names.

scholarly journals Typological Safety of the Russian Language as the Necessary Condition of Cultural and Intellectual Self-Identification of the Russian Society

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 418-428
Author(s):  
Olga Valentinova ◽  
Michail Rybakov ◽  
Alicja Pstyga
Keyword(s):  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Cultural Heterogeneity ◽  
False Result ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Modern Russian

Phenomena characteristic for speech works of all functional styles of the modern Russian literary language, which are traditionally considered from the normative-didactic point of view: violation of case coordination, the appearance of the plural in abstract nouns, the non-identification of voice, the lack of correlation between the subject of the participial construction and the subject of the sentence etc. - are discussed by the authors of the article from the standpoint of modern systemic linguistics. The method of the systemic typology of languages used by researchers makes it possible to reveal a tendency to isolation that is firmly established in modern Russian speech. The deformation of the flectionality of the Russian language, caused by the growth of the cultural heterogeneity of the language collective, while preserving such parameters of the external determinant, which determines the inflectional grammatical type, as the size of the language collective and the communication mode, not only hampers the expression of complex meanings, but also makes them ultimately unclaimed in society, reducing the continuity in the transfer of socially significant experience. If the structures of relations between signs cease to be socially unified, the language collective loses the ability to reproduce and recognize the signs of the speech flow and associate them with certain components of the extra-linguistic thinking content. The external preservation of flexion and grammatical coordination in the event of a violation of the forecast function in the designation of cause-effect relationships of the developing event, does not indicate flexiveness, and therefore statistical methods for determining the degree of flexiveness will give a false result. An objective assessment of the language and socio-cultural situation in society and scientifically grounded adjustment of the language policy could be possible only on the base of research of the measure and nature of the discrepancy between the external determinant and the grammatical type of language.

scholarly journals Social Dialects in Modern French Language

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Galina Bernetska
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Special Section ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
French Language ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Literary Language ◽  
Vertical Division ◽  
Definition Of

The article is a study of phonetic-morphological and semantic-stylistic features of argotic vocabulary in contemporary French language. The work is devoted to questions of structural-semantic and phonetic-morphological peculiarities of the argotic vocabulary in printed mass media. The conducted research has shown that the argotic vocabulary can be considered as a special lexical subsystem of spoken language, which is characterized by a steady tendency to penetrate into higher linguistic levels due to its phonetic-morphological and semantic features. The systematization of phonetic and semantic processes in the argotic dictionary is carried out. We have noticed that argot from a linguistic point of view is an expressive lexical subsystem of spoken language, which is characterized by a large expressive potential and rapid changes in vocabulary and penetrates into higher levels of the French language. From the point of view of modern linguistics, the French language can be viewed in vertical and horizontal sections. Horizontal division is caused by the existence of the dialectal partition of the French language. The vertical division is explained by the existence of social groups that use one or another sociolect. Analyzing the evolution of the definition of argot, we can assume that in its development argot passed the long way from the language taboo to the special lexical subsystem of the literary-spoken language. We have noticed that it is important to distinguish argot and spoken language. In spite of the both scientific and practical interest in the spoken language problem and the emergence of numerous studies that led to the creation of colloquialism as a special section of linguistics, a number of aspects of spoken language (approaches to its identification, differentiation of spoken language and related phenomena) remain insufficiently highlighted. The spoken language (vernacular), according to modern linguistic assertions, occupies an intermediate position between the spoken-literary language, dialects and sociolects. We have noticed that the democratization of the norms of the literary language led to the emergence of a literary-colloquial form of spoken language. Such a combination of literary and spoken language is caused by the nature of social development. Key words: argot; slang; French language; dialect; argotheistic vocabulary; non-normative variant elements; semantics; phonetics; morphology; mass media.

scholarly journals Comparative Investigation of English and Armenian Compound Patterns

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-165
Author(s):  
Sirarpi Karapetyan
Keyword(s):  
World Literature ◽  
Comparative Investigation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Compound Words ◽  
Great Gatsby ◽  
The Great Gatsby ◽  
Syntactic Relations ◽  
Linking Element

The novel “The Great Gatsby” by F. Scott Fitzgerald published in 1925 is one of the timeless classics of world literature which was investigated from different linguistic perspectives. Its vocabulary is abundant in compound words with a variety of morphological, syntactic, semantic peculiarities. In this paper, we aim at studying compound words in “The Great Gatsby” to illustrate their patterns in English and Armenian. We have investigated the compounds from the morphological-categorial point of view, from the perspective of the syntactic relations between their constituent parts. We have also briefly touched upon some of their semantic features. At the same time, a close attention was paid to the different ways in which compound patterns were translated into Armenian. The study of the main target of the paper is based on Sona Seferyan's translation of the novel “The Great Gatsby” into Armenian. A lot of examples of both synthetic (closed) and analytical (juxtaposed) compounds have been picked out. In Armenian within synthetic compounds we differentiate between those with a linking element, e. g. “աշխարհամարտ” (where “ա” is the linking element) and the ones without а linking element, e. g. “արևելք”. We assume that the peculiarities of compounds revealed in this paper will have significance not only for the description of their characteristic features but also for the general typological characterization of the languages under study.

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