scholarly journals Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons content of Taylor Creek, Rivers State, Niger Delta Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Niger Delta ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Taylor Creek ◽  
Rivers State

scholarly journals Biodegradation Potentials of Aspergillus sydowii and Fusarium lichenicola on Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon in an Oilfield Wastewater in Rivers State

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Williams, Janet Olufunmilayo ◽  
Aleruchi Owhonka
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Culture ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aspergillus Sydowii ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Rivers State

This study investigated the potential of Aspergillus sydowii and Fusarium lichenicola as mixed cultures in the biodegradation of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons TPHs in oilfield wastewater. Oilfield wastewater was collected from an onshore oil producing platform and biodegradation of total petroleum hydrocarbons was investigated using standard methods. Fungi were isolated from oilfield wastewater contaminated soils obtained from the vicinity of the oil producing platform. Experimental control set-up and treatment with mixed culture of fungal isolates were periodically analyzed on days 7 and 21 intervals for total petroleum hydrocarbon degradation using Gas Chromatography (GC). The total amount of TPHs on day 1 recorded 381. 871 mg/l.  The amount of TPHs on days 7 and 21 in the mixed culture of fungi was 108.975 mg/l and 21.105 mg/l respectively while TPHs in control was 342.891 mg/l and 240.749 mg/l respectively. There was a significant difference between the mixed culture and the control on days 7 and 21 at p≤0.05. The results therefore revealed actual and significant reduction of TPHs in the mixed culture. In addition, there was clearance of n-alkanes by the mixed culture. This suggests that fungi have great potentials in biodegradation of TPHs and in remediation of TPH contaminated environments.

scholarly journals Phytoremediation, Vermiremediation and Efficiency Assessments of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Contaminated Surface Water from Okpoka Creek, Niger-Delta Nigeria using Cyperus odoratus, Colocasia esculenta, Phoenix roebelenii and Eisenia fetida

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
C. Fawole ◽  
S. J. Salami ◽  
D. A. Dashak ◽  
A. C. Harmony
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Niger Delta ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Gas Chromatograph ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Us Epa ◽  
Surface Water Samples

The liquid-liquid extraction of Petroleum contaminated surface water samples were conducted in accordance with standard procedure of US EPA. Identification and quantification of TPHs was performed by Gas chromatograph with Mass spectrometric detection (GC/MSD) in accordance with standard analytical method of US EPA 8270;625. The TPHs raw sample showed an elevated value of 104762.42 mg/L above the DPR/EGASPIN maximum contamination limit (MCL). At week 5, TPHs phytoremediations in the monoculture reactors removal efficiency was (31.28 mg/L) 99.97% and mixedculture indicated (19.72 mg/L) 99.98%; their concentrations were above DPR/EGASPIN MCL while polyculture indicated (8.91 mg/L) 99.99% value was below DPR/EGASPIN MCL. The combination of phytoremediation and vermiremediation techniques in polyculture reactors showed better and spectacular results as the biotas demonstrated good potentiality of hyperbioaccumulation to serve as hydrocarbon sinks from the ecotoxics of TPHs.

scholarly journals An Analytical Investigation Study of Potential Human Health Risks Caused by Petroleum-contaminated Surface Water Containing Various Toxic Heavy Metals at the Okpoka Creek, Niger-Delta, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Fawole Charles ◽  
S. J. Salami ◽  
D. A. Dashak ◽  
H. A. Chimezie-Nwosu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Niger Delta ◽  
Analytical Investigation ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metal ◽  
Us Epa

Surface water samples were collected from the Okpoka Creek, Niger-Delta using the grab samples method and were analytically investigated for petroleum contamination. The liquid-liquid extraction of petroleum hydrocarbons was carried out following standard procedures of U.S EPA 3510; 1664 method and ASTM D3695 -95(2013). The US EPA 3005A method was adopted for acid wet digestion (Aqua regia mixture of concentrated HNO3 and HCl  in ratio 1:3) for toxic heavy metal (HMs) determination. Total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) was analytically identified and quantified with the representative extract (sample) using Gas chromatography mass spectrometry detection (GC-MSD) Agilent Technologies 7890A in adherence to the standard analytical method of U.S EPA 8270;625. Atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) Buck Scientific 210VGP in adherence in to the manufacturer’s specifications was employed for HMs. The recorded elevated levels of the TPHs were significantly above the permissible limit of DPR/EGASPIN and HMs were also overwhelmingly above permissible limits of relevant regulatory agencies. The elevated concentrations of these contaminants of concern provided evidences of severe contamination in the study site and severe threats to environment and human health.

scholarly journals Assessment of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Wastewater from Selected Flow Stations in Agbada II, Rivers State

2021 ◽  
pp. 31-40
Author(s):  
Akpan Esther Emmanuel ◽  
Obi Chidi ◽  
Kinigoma Boma
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Polycyclic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Rivers State

Aims: This study evaluates total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) and polycyclic hydrocarbons (PAHs) concentrations in wastewaters from three locations of the oil-producing flow station in Rivers State. Study Design: By experiment and the results obtained by analytical means. Place and Duration of Study: This work was conducted at the Department of Industrial Chemistry/Petrochemical Technology, School of Science and Laboratory Technology, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Rivers State, Nigeria between February and August, 2021. Methodology: The evaluation was done using gas chromatography-Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID), and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer Detector (GC-MSD). Results: Results obtained showed low levels of total petroleum hydrocarbons ranging from 0.051, 0.119, and 0.07 mg/l and 0.01, 0.06, and < 0.01 mg/l for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons for the three locations, respectively. The results also revealed that the concentrations of the total petroleum hydrocarbons of the samples from the three locations were highest at carbon atom 17 suggesting a biogenic contribution of organic matter. The chromatographs obtained gave evidence that the nature of the contamination was minimally crude oil, because crude oil normally distributes in broad range, as observed in the locations samples as against the narrower carbon range of C8 to C40 characteristics of refined products. The pristane/phytane ratios, which were 0.925, 0.891 and 0.372 for the three samples, depicted an oxygenated environment. The C17/pristane ratios (39.53, 38.93, and 31.48) for all three locations revealed that the wastewaters were slightly weathered. The low concentrations as well as absence of high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and higher concentrations of low molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons support the petrogenity of the wastewaters.  The phenanthrene/anthracene ratios (1.26, 0, and 0) for the three samples confirm the nature of the wastewaters. In addition, the absence of benzo(a)anthracene to chrysene ratio for all three samples point to proper treatment of the wastewaters. Conclusion: From this study, the level of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) and polycyclic hydrocarbons (PAHs) obtained from all the samples were lower than the maximum recommended levels by the Department of Petroleum Resources (DPR). This study recommends constant monitoring in the total petroleum hydrocarbons and polycyclic hydrocarbons concentrations because even at its low concentrations can be injurious to health of the people residing within the facility and beyond.

scholarly journals Phytoremediation Of Crude Oil Impacted Soil Using Purple Nutsedge

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 475-479
Author(s):  
E.O. Nwaichi ◽  
C.O. Chukwuere ◽  
P.J. Abosi ◽  
G.I. Onukwuru
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Control Site ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Bioaccumulation Factor ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Purple Nutsedge ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Rivers State

The present study investigated the viability of purple nutsedge in the phytoremediation of a crude oilcontaminated land in the Kom-Kom community, Oyigbo, Rivers state, Nigeria. 150g of soil samples were randomly collected from two (2) different points on the polluted site and a control site and analyzed for Petroleum Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH) and Heavy metals ( Pb, Cd, Cr & Ni). in soils and plants before and after phytoremediation. Plants were transplanted into the contaminated and contaminated soil after soil sample collection.After planting,the progress of plant growth was observed and recorded biweekly for 3 months before harvesting. From the results obtained, over 80% and 66% PAHs and TPHs phytodegradation efficiencies were achieved using the plant while Cd, Pb and Cr were removed by 90%, 67% and 39.2% respectively. The Bioaccumulation Factor (B.F) of the heavymetals in study plant were found to be greated than 1 which makes it suitable for phytoextraction of heavy metals. Therefore, the study suggests that purple nutsedge can be useful in the phytoremediation of a crudeoil polluted soil. Keywords: Hydrocarbons, Heavy metals, Phytoremediation, Crude oil, Purple nutsedge

scholarly journals Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons Contamination of the Surface Water and Sediments of Orashi River, Engenni, Ahoada West, Rivers State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-76
Author(s):  
Edori E S ◽  
Edori O S ◽  
Bekee D
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Present Condition ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Allowable Limit ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Rivers State

The level of contamination of Orashi River by total petroleum hydrocarbons were investigated through the collection of surface water samples and sediment samples from four locations along the river. Determination of the level of contamination was done with the use of gas chromatography-flame ionization detector after following laid down clean-up procedures. The results obtained showed that total petroleum hydrocarbons in the surface water were 10.913±2.2022mg/L, 7.645±2.683mg/L, 9.074±2.1654mg/L and 12.212±3.3034mg/L for stations 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively with a mean value of 9.961±2.5885mg/L, while in the sediment samples concentration values recorded were 22.3925±5.2104mg/Kg, 35.1071±9.9652mg/Kg, 50.4431±15.9916mg/Kg and 29.3869±8.0410mg/Kg for stations 1, 2 3 and 4 respectively with a mean value of 34.3324±9.8021mg/Kg. The partition coefficient calculations revealed that the sediment phase is more stable for total petroleum hydrocarbons as compared to the water phase. The analysis of the randomly collected samples revealed that total petroleum hydrocarbons have contaminated the river and therefore adequate steps should be taken to remedy the present condition of the Orashi River in order to mitigate any probable rise in the quantity of total petroleum hydrocarbons in the river above allowable limit.

scholarly journals Fungal Population Dynamics Associated with Active-phase of Hydrocarbon Degradation in Oil-polluted Soil

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
A. U. Okoye ◽  
C. B. Chikere ◽  
G. C. Okpokwasili
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Active Phase ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Hydrocarbon Degradation ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Fungal Population ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Rivers State ◽  
Chromatographic Mass

Fungal population dynamics was monitored in an oil-polluted soil undergoing remediation by enhanced natural attenuation (RENA) at Ibaa, Emohua L. G. A. Rivers State. Total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined from baseline [pre-RENA (POL B)] and sampling days 0 (POL 0), 9 (POL 9), 18 (POL 18), 36 (POL 36) and day 56 (POL 56)] using gas chromatographic-mass spectrometry.  The baseline TPH and PAHs were 9,146.65 ppm and 3,454.10 ppm in the polluted soil (pre-RENA) and 479.67 ppm and 279.72 ppm for unpolluted soil (pristine control) respectively. By day 56, percentages of contaminants degradation were 97% and 89% for TPH and PAHs respectively. Higher counts for both heterotrophic fungal (THF) counts and culturable hydrocarbon utilizing fungal (HUF) counts were obtained on day 36 with values of 5.6 x 105 cfu/g and 4.77 x 106 cfu/g respectively. Out of the 47 HUF isolated and characterized, 34 hydrocarbon utilizing fungi were isolated in the active phase between day 9 (POL 9) to day 36 (POL 36).  These recovered hydrocarbon degrading fungal isolates associated with the active phase of hydrocarbon degradation (Mucor sp., Malbranchia sp., Prototheca sp., Cladosporium spp., Trichosporon sp., Acremonium spp., Rhizomucor spp.). RENA treatment effectively reduced the pollutant levels in the impacted soil.

scholarly journals Temporal (Monthly) Distribution and Variation of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons Content in the Water and Sediments from Orashi River, Engenni, Rivers State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-36
Author(s):  
Edori E. S. ◽  
Edori O. S.
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Sample Pretreatment ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Contamination Source ◽  
Monthly Distribution ◽  
Laboratory Procedures ◽  
The Government ◽  
Rivers State

The total petroleum hydrocarbons content of the surface water and the sediments from the Orashi River were investigated between December 2019 and June 2020 at two months intervals to find out the level of contamination of the river. The total petroleum hydrocarbons were determined by GC-FID using Agilent 5890N, after following due laboratory procedures of sample pretreatment and clean-up. The results recorded from the surface water were December, 5.844±1.231 mg/L; February, 8.767±2.501 mg/L, April, 16.886±3.157 mg/L and June, 7.271±1.110 mg/L. Variation in concentration showed that April > February > June > December. Results recorded in the sediments were December, 39.8427±13.5 mg/Kg; February, 29.5322±5.301 mg/Kg; April, 50.5040±16.813 mg/Kg and June; 16.6545±3.35 mg/Kg. The variation in concentration showed that April > December > February > June. The variations observed in of total petroleum hydrocarbons content in the river indicated that the contamination source was primarily anthropogenic. It is therefore recommended that effective measures and adequate steps be taken by the government to mitigate the effect that may result from the accumulation of the total petroleum hydrocarbons in the river and on the aquatic inhabitants and man who depends on the river for daily living.

scholarly journals Chemometrics, Health Risk Assessment and Probable Sources of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Atmospheric Rainwater in Rivers State, Nigeria.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Omokpariola ◽  
John Nduka ◽  
Henrietta Kelle ◽  
MaryAnn Mgbemena ◽  
Emily Iduseri
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Carbon Preference Index ◽  
Preference Index ◽  
June July August ◽  
June July ◽  
Rivers State

Abstract Total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs)-(aliphatic and aromatic) were analysed for in atmospheric rainwater between April- June; July – August; September–October depicting early, mid, late rain of 2019. Sampling at Rumuodomaya/ Rumuodome and Ogale in Rivers State using basins fastened to a table 2 M above ground and 120 M from high features, Rainwater was analysed after treatment using Agilent GC-FID. Results show cumulative TPHs at R/R were 56.6551mg/L, 39.5201mg/L and 7.2283mg/L, Ogale: 9.1217mg/L, 59.4923mg/L and 21.9825mg/L. Aliphatic hydrocarbons: C5 – C8 were < 1, low contamination, other carbon aggregates (C9 – C16, C17– C35, and C36 – C40) indicate high contamination. Chemometric assessment showed high contamination. TPHs aggregates at Rumuodomaya/ Rumuodome were- C8 – C11 (1.034 and 1.005) early rain, C18 – C25 and C26 – C33 has Carbon preference index of 1.287 and 1.630 (mid-rain), C26 – C33 has CPI of 1.288 (late-rain), Ogale area, C26–C33 has CPI of 1.732 (early-rain), mid-rain C8 – C11 (2.768) and C12–C17 (5.368). Pristane/phytane ratio indicated biogenic and pyrogenic sources. Average carbon length of TPHs for odd n-alkanes were C9 – C11 (9.446) and C35 – C39 (38.980), C9 – C11(10.238), C35 – C39 (36.510); C9 – C11 (10.240) and C35 – C39 (36.934). Average daily intake depicted possible health issues for children and adults as hazard index > 1 for aromatics.

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