scholarly journals Asupan Energi, Protein dan Lemak dengan Kejadian Gizi Kurang pada Balita Usia 24-59 Bulan di Desa Suci, Gresik

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 341
Author(s):  
Shafira Roshmita Diniyyah ◽  
Triska Susila Nindya
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Nutritional Problem ◽  
Food Recall

 Background: Undernutrition is still the major of nutritional problem in Indonesia. Toddlers are one of age group that are susceptible to nutritional problems.  One of the direct cause of malnutrition  is nutrient intake.  Low intake of energy, protein and fat causes the utilization of nutrient intake become not optimal and susceptible to infectious diseases. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyze the correlation between energy, protein and fat intake with underweight toddlers aged 24-59 months. Methods: This research used a cross sectional study design with a sample size of 62  toddlers that living in the Suci Village Gresik. Data were collected by interview with questionnaires that related to the characteristic of toddlers and parents, form food recall 2x24 hours and measurement of weight toddlers based on WAZ index.  Data were analyzed using fisher exact test. Results: Underweight toddlers have lower intake of energy, protein and fat intake than non underweight toddlers. The results showed that there are 79.0% non underweight toddlers and 21.0% underweight, most of toddlers have adequate levels of energy, protein and fat intake. There was a correlation between energy (p=0.007), protein(p=0.039) and fat intake(p=0.010) with nutritional status of toddlers based on WAZ index.  Conclusions: It was suggested to increase the varied  and  food sources of  high energy, protein and fat, so the malnutrition can’t getting worse.ABSTRAK Latar Belakang:  Gizi kurang masih menjadi masalah gizi utama di Indonesia. Balita merupakan salah satu kelompok usia yang rentan mengalami masalah gizi. Penyebab langsung terjadinya gizi kurang salah satunya dipengaruhi oleh asupan zat gizi. Asupan energi, protein dan lemak yang rendah menyebabkan pemanfaatan zat gizi tidak optimal dan rentan mengalami penyakit infeksi.         Tujuan: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis hubungan asupan energi, protein dan lemak dengan kejadian gizi kurang balita usia 24-59 bulan. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi cross sectional  dengan jumlah sampel 62 balita yang tinggal di wilayah Desa Suci Gresik. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara dengan kuesioner terk1q`3aq15b`6aait karakteristik balita dan orangtua, form food recall 2x24 jam dan pengukuran berat badan balita menggunakan indikator BB/U. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji fisher exact.Hasil:  Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan balita dengan status gizi baik 79,0% dan balita gizi kurang 21,0%. Sebagian besar balita memiliki tingkat asupan energi, lemak dan protein dalam kategori cukup. Terdapat  hubungan antara asupan energi (p=0,007), protein (p=0,039) dan lemak (p=0,010) dengan status gizi balita berdasarkan indeks BB/U. Kesimpulan: Balita gizi kurang memiliki tingkat asupan energi, protein dan lemak lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan balita gizi baik. Perlu meningkatkan asupan bahan makanan sumber energi, protein dan lemak yang tinggi serta bervariasi agar kondisi gizi kurang tidak semakin memburuk.

scholarly journals Asupan Energi, Protein dan Lemak dengan Kejadian Gizi Kurang pada Balita Usia 24-59 Bulan di Desa Suci, Gresik

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 341
Author(s):  
Shafira Roshmita Diniyyah ◽  
Triska Susila Nindya
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Nutritional Problem ◽  
Food Recall

 Background: Undernutrition is still the major of nutritional problem in Indonesia. Toddlers are one of age group that are susceptible to nutritional problems.  One of the direct cause of malnutrition  is nutrient intake.  Low intake of energy, protein and fat causes the utilization of nutrient intake become not optimal and susceptible to infectious diseases. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyze the correlation between energy, protein and fat intake with underweight toddlers aged 24-59 months. Methods: This research used a cross sectional study design with a sample size of 62  toddlers that living in the Suci Village Gresik. Data were collected by interview with questionnaires that related to the characteristic of toddlers and parents, form food recall 2x24 hours and measurement of weight toddlers based on WAZ index.  Data were analyzed using fisher exact test. Results: Underweight toddlers have lower intake of energy, protein and fat intake than non underweight toddlers. The results showed that there are 79.0% non underweight toddlers and 21.0% underweight, most of toddlers have adequate levels of energy, protein and fat intake. There was a correlation between energy (p=0.007), protein(p=0.039) and fat intake(p=0.010) with nutritional status of toddlers based on WAZ index.  Conclusions: It was suggested to increase the varied  and  food sources of  high energy, protein and fat, so the malnutrition can’t getting worse.ABSTRAK Latar Belakang:  Gizi kurang masih menjadi masalah gizi utama di Indonesia. Balita merupakan salah satu kelompok usia yang rentan mengalami masalah gizi. Penyebab langsung terjadinya gizi kurang salah satunya dipengaruhi oleh asupan zat gizi. Asupan energi, protein dan lemak yang rendah menyebabkan pemanfaatan zat gizi tidak optimal dan rentan mengalami penyakit infeksi.         Tujuan: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis hubungan asupan energi, protein dan lemak dengan kejadian gizi kurang balita usia 24-59 bulan. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi cross sectional  dengan jumlah sampel 62 balita yang tinggal di wilayah Desa Suci Gresik. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara dengan kuesioner terk1q`3aq15b`6aait karakteristik balita dan orangtua, form food recall 2x24 jam dan pengukuran berat badan balita menggunakan indikator BB/U. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji fisher exact.Hasil:  Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan balita dengan status gizi baik 79,0% dan balita gizi kurang 21,0%. Sebagian besar balita memiliki tingkat asupan energi, lemak dan protein dalam kategori cukup. Terdapat  hubungan antara asupan energi (p=0,007), protein (p=0,039) dan lemak (p=0,010) dengan status gizi balita berdasarkan indeks BB/U. Kesimpulan: Balita gizi kurang memiliki tingkat asupan energi, protein dan lemak lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan balita gizi baik. Perlu meningkatkan asupan bahan makanan sumber energi, protein dan lemak yang tinggi serta bervariasi agar kondisi gizi kurang tidak semakin memburuk.

scholarly journals Analisis Hubungan Status Gizi Lansia Di Puskesmas Limboto Barat

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 024
Author(s):  
Herman Hatta ◽  
Ririn Pakaya ◽  
Marlina Laiya
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Nutritional Problem

Nutritional problem have been found in the elderly which can be inform of lack of nutrient intake. The research aimed to find out thefactors related with the nutrient status of the elderly, the study wasthe quantitative research which was also naturally an analyticalresearch with the cross sectional study approach. The sample of theresearch was as many as 121 respondents which were determined byusing the purposive sampling technique. The finding of the researchfrom 121 respondents was showing that there was 9 elderly with theundernutrition status (7,4%) while there were 69 (57,0%) of them are innormal nutriention status. In addition, there were 43 of them (35,5%)was overnutrition. Based on the analysis bivariate by using thefisher’s exact test was showing that there was no relationship betweenthe physical activity with the nutrientional status in the elderly withthe value ρ = value 0,056 > ɑ 0,05, there was also no relationshipbetween income with the nutrientional status on elderly with the valueof ρ = value 0,001 > ɑ 0,05. However, there was a relationshipbetween the education with the nutrientional status on elderly with thevalue of ρ = value 0,003 > ɑ 0,05.

A year of hepatocellular carcinoma at a glance. Demographics, biochemical and radiological characteristics and treatment modalities from a specialized facility of Pakistan

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Laima Alam
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Tumour Staging ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Team Meetings ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ct

Objectives:Relation of demographics of hepatocellular-carcinoma with the aetiology.Tumour characteristics in relation to anti-viral therapy and presence of viral-DNA/RNATreatment modalities offeredMethods: This cross-sectional study enrolled all the patients aged 18-70 years with diagnosed hepatocellular carcinoma either through Triphasic Contrast-Enhanced-CT scan and/or Magnetic Resonance Imaging or biopsy presenting to the Outpatient-Department or multi-disciplinary-team meetings for the year 2019. Demographic variables, biochemical analysis including liver profile and stage of cirrhosis, viral-status, tumour staging and the treatment modalities offered were all noted. ANOVA (normal) and Kruskal-Wallis (non-normal) tests were used to compare quantitative data whereas chi-square-test and fisher-exact-test were used to compare qualitative-data.Results: Out of 195 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, 76% were males in their fifth to sixth decades of life, 96% had cirrhosis, 94% corresponded to viral hepatocellular-carcinoma (82% Hepatitis-C-Virus, 9% Hepatitis-B-Virus and 3% coinfection), 60% of the cirrhotics landed in Child-Pugh A category with tumour staging BCLC-B being the predominant one (43.6%) and single and multiple bilateral nodules were the commonest lesions encountered. Platelets and Alanine-Transaminase had a significant relation across aetiological groups. Lymph-nodes were the most common extra-hepatic organs for metastasis and the presence of viral PCR had a significant impact on the tumour aggressiveness. Thirty-two percent of the patients were amenable to curative treatment.Conclusion: Viral infection is the main cause of rising prevalence of this tumour in Pakistan. Treatment modalities are expensive and expertise are lacking. A nationwide cancer registry is required for the exact disease burden and tumour behaviour for our population. Continuous....

scholarly journals Future Living Arrangement for Aging Parents and Its Associated Factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahmi Setiyani ◽  
Made Sumarwati ◽  
Dian Ramawati
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Living Arrangement ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Family Type ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test

Background: Shift in demographic structure in Indonesia has raised concern over number of issues, including change in living arrangement of older people. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to examine adult children’s choice of future living arrangement for elderly parent and its associated factors. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 300 young adults in Central Java, Indonesia. Descriptive statistics, Chi-Square and Fisher exact test were used to analyze the data. Results: Majority of respondents (97.3%) preferred parents to live at home, in multi-generational household with children and/or grandchildren (84.5%) in their old age. The choice was significantly influenced by children gender, marital status of parent, and family type (p=0.00; p=0.05, and p=0.05 respectively). Conclusions: In certain circumstances, living in multigenerational household still became a favorable option of living arrangement for elderly parents. Children gender, parent’s marital status and family type were likely to influence the choice. Further researches are needed to investigate which best living arrangement that support older people well-being.

scholarly journals Sero-Surveillance of Brucellosis in Cattle of Chitwan District, Nepal

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-371
Author(s):  
Sabita Subedi ◽  
Meera Prajapati ◽  
Bhojan Dhakal
Keyword(s):  
Social Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
The Social ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
And Control

A cross sectional study was conducted in Eastern and Western parts of Chitwan district from November 2015 to April, 2016  in two parts, the social study followed by biological to determine and compare the prevalence, distribution of antibodies, and level of awareness of farmers  against Brucella abortus in cattle of the two regions of same district. Altogether blood samples of 92 cattle were taken for detection of Brucella antibodies by using RBPT test and the positive samples were further retested by Indirect ELISA test through ID Vet iELISA kit 2016. The samples which showed positive on both tests were confirmed as seropositive. Chi -square test and Fisher Exact test was used to find out the association between various variables. The result showed that 14.13% (13/92) and 10.86% (10/92) sample were positive by RBPT and iELISA test respectively. There was no significant prevalence differences (p>0.05) on location, age group, breed type, and method of service (artificial and natural) used in cattle. Comparing abortion with prevalence of Brucellosis, there was significant differences (p<0.05) in the result of both RBPT and iELISA test. Inferring from this result, there is association between the abortion and occurrence of Brucellosis. The higher significant prevalence differences (p<0.01) was according to the time of abortion where higher seropositivity was obtained in the cattle aborted on 5-7th month of pregnancy and cattle of 3rd parity. The study showed the existence of Brucellosis in Chitwan district with no adoption of any preventive measures against this disease, so here is current need of the strategies for its prevention and control in order to mitigate such overwhelming situation.Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 4(3): 365-371

scholarly journals D-1 / PD-L1 EXPRESSION IN INVASIVE BREAST CARCINOMA / CANCER

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
Sammeen Salim ◽  
Muhammad Asif ◽  
Rabia Ahmed ◽  
Muhammad Tahir Khadim
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Tumor Grade ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Clinicopathological Parameters ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Prevalent Subtype

Objective: To investigate the immunohistochemical expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 in breast cancer cases and itscorrelation with clinicopathological factors. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Histopathology department, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology Rawalpindi, form Jan to Jun 2019. Methodology: Sixty five cases of breast cancer were retrieved. Clinicopathological parameters like age, gender,tumor grade and receptor status were noted. Immunohistochemistry for PD-1 and PD-L1 was applied. The datawas entered and statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 21. The associations between variables werefound using the Fisher exact test. Results: Sixty five cases of breast cancer were investigated from tumour registry. The sample included femalepatients, having mean age of 50.86 ± 11.1 Years. Invasive mammary (ductal) carcinoma, NST was the most prevalent subtype 60 (92.3%) and most tumors were grade I/II 53(82%). PD-1 expression was seen in TIL’s 31 (48%) and PD-L1 expression was observed in tumour cells 30 (46%). Expression of PD-1/PD-L1 expression was more common in premenopausal age group and grade I/II tumors. Among molecular subtypes, PD-L1 expression was detected in 11 (52%) TNBC, 5 (71%) in HR-/HER2+ and 12 (32)% in HR + HER2 - and PD-1 expression was observed in 13 (62%) TNBC, 5 (71%) in HR-/HER2+ and 13 (35%) in HR+ HER2-. Conclusion: A large proportion of breast cancer cases show expression of PD-1 / PD-L1. Anti PD-1 and PD-L1therapy may benefit these patients.

scholarly journals PERBANDINGAN ANTARA KADAR KALIUM SERUM DENGAN ATAU TANPA TERAPI INSULIN PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE 2

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Andi Syamsudduha ◽  
S. V Sembiring ◽  
R DN Pakasi
Keyword(s):  
Serum Level ◽  
Insulin Therapy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Diabetic Mellitus ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Type 2 Dm

Diabetic patients can suffer from hipokalemia because of prolonged osmotic diuretic and management diabetic mellitus with insulinif does not associate with kalium intake. The aimed of this study was to evaluate kalium serum level on type 2 DM, and comparisonof kalium serum level on type 2 DM patients with or without insulin therapy. A cross-sectional study was done on 33 patiens type 2diabetic mellitus that admission on Stella Maris Hospital who examined kalium serum level. The data were colected from Medical Recordperiode January to December 2007. Data were analyzed with Fisher Exact test using SPSS versi 11.5. From 33 samples found normalkalium level 9 samples (27.3%) and decreased 6 samples (18.2%) and without insulin therapy found decresed 3 samples (9.1%) andnormal Kalium level 15 samples (45.5%). Comparison of Kalium serum level of type 2 DM patiens with or without insulin therapydid not statistically significant with P = 0.135. Kalium serum level of type 2 DM patiens with or without insulin therapy commonly inreference value.

scholarly journals Knowledge of pregnant women about anemia is related with adherence to iron tablets

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Baksono Winardi ◽  
Elga Caecaria Grahardika Andani
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Almost All

Objectives: to identify association between knowledge of pregnant women about anemia and the adherence to consume iron tablets in BPM Titik Suharti, Surabaya, IndonesiaMaterials and Methods: Observational analysis cross sectional study. Population consisted of 55 trimester pregnant women in BPM Titik Suharti, Surabaya, in March-April 2017. Samples were recruited using consecutive sampling. The number of sample was 35 respondents. Data were analyzed using chi-square test.Results: This research showed that all of the less knowledgeable women on anemia (100.00%) were non-adherent to consume iron tablets, almost all moderately knowledgeable women (92.9%) were adherent, and all of the fully knowledgeable women (100.00%) were adherent. Fisher exact test in significance level of 0.05 revealed p value equal to 0.0001, indicating association between knowledge about anemia and adherence to consume iron tablets at BPM Titik Suharti, Surabaya, Indonesia.Conclusion: There is an association between knowledge of pregnant women about anemia with adherence to iron tablets.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN KEBIASAAN MEROKOK DENGAN KEJADIAN HIPERTENSI PADA LANSIA LAKI-LAKI DI DESA BEKKU KECAMATAN AWANGPONE KABUPATEN BONE

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 898-903
Author(s):  
Ruslang Ruslang ◽  
Nirmawati Darwis ◽  
Tetti Surianti ◽  
Riki Rusanda
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Smoking Habits ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Elderly Men ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT The prevalence of hypertension increases in line with the lifestyle of elderly men that harm their own health, namely smoking which without them knowing it can cause hypertension. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between smoking habits and the incidence of hypertension in elderly men in Bekku Village, Awangpone District, Bone Regency. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between smoking habits and the incidence of hypertension. This type of research is quantitative research with a Cross Sectional Study approach. Data were collected through a questionnaire given to each respondent. The analysis test used a computer program, namely SPSS 21 to assess the frequency statistical data and the Chi-Square test on the bivariate variable obtained the Fisher exact test value, on the smoking habit variable the value of = 0.01 < 0.05, so it can be stated that there is a relationship between Smoking Habits with Hypertension Incidence in Elderly Males in Bekku Village, Awangpone District, Bone Regency. The researcher's suggestion is for elderly men in Bekku Village to reduce their smoking habits so that their hypertension does not continue. Keywords : Hypertension, Smoking, Elderly Male ABSTRAK Prevalensi hipertensi meingkat sejalan dengan gaya hidup lanjut usia laki-laki yang merugikan kesehatan mereka sendiri yakni kebiasaan merokok yang tanpa mereka sadari dapat menyebabkan terjadinya hipertensi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui Hubungan Kebiasaan Merokok Dengan Kejadian Hipertensi Pada Lanjut Usia Laki-Laki Di Desa Bekku Kecamatan Awangpone Kabupaten Bone. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan kebiasaan merokok dengan kejadian hipertensi. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional Study. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner yang diberikan kepada masing-masing responden. Uji analisis menggunakan program komputer yaitu SPSS 21 untuk menilai data statistik frekuensi dan uji Chi-Square pada pada variabel bivariat diperoleh nilai fisher exact test, pada variabel kebiasaan merokok diperoleh nilai ρ=0,01< α=0,05, sehingga dapat dinyatakan ada hubungan antara Kebiasaan Merokok Dengan Kejadian Hipertensi Pada Lanjut Usia Laki-Laki Di Desa Bekku Kecamatan Awangpone Kabupaten Bone. Adapun saran peniliti yaitu bagi para lanjut usia laki-laki di desa bekku agar kebiasaan merokoknya dikurangi agar penyakit hipertensi yang dideritanya tidak terus berlanjut. Kata Kunci : Hipertensi, Merokok, Lanjut Usia Laki- Laki

scholarly journals The Comparison of Er α Expression Between Endometriosis with No Endometriosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
D. Irsat Syafardi ◽  
Hendry Salim Siregar ◽  
Yostoto B Kaban ◽  
Edy Ardiansyah
Keyword(s):  
Estrogen Receptors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Dominant Form ◽  
Normal Endometrium ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Ectopic Tissue

Estrogen receptors (ER) play an important role in mediating action. The ER α has a higher affinity for estrogen and the dominant form of the normal endometrium. A cross-sectional study from an ectopic  tissue of endo-metriosis and normal was examined for immunohistochemistry. This research was conducted from November 2015 until the sample complete. The analysis was performed using Fisher Exact test, p <0.05 was considered to any difference of estrogen alpha receptor expression between endometriosis patients with no endometriosis. REα is more dominant in normal endometrium, whereas in the case of endometriosis in the presence of many negative expression of REα then the assumption that REβ is a receptor that many encountered. There is a dif-ference in the expression of REα between endometriosis with no endometriosis.

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