scholarly journals The Role Of Hydroxyapatite Materials On Collagen Synthesis In Alveolar Bone Defects Healing

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Yosefin Adventa ◽  
Nanik Zubaidah
Keyword(s):  
Collagen Synthesis ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Natural Substances ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Egg Shells ◽  
Collagen Type 1

Background: There are several cases in dentistry that cause alveolar bone defects, including periodontal disease, major trauma after tooth extraction, post-cyst enucleation, and post-surgery. Healing of alveolar bone defects can be treated in the form of bone grafting to restore the function and structure of damaged bone tissue. Hydroxyapatite has been proven to have some good properties such as biocompatible, bioactive, and osteoconductive. Osteoconductive materials serve as scaffold for osteoblasts to attach, grow, and differentiate to form new bone. Osteoblasts will synthesize collagen type 1 which functions to mineralize the bone matrix. Objective: To explain the role of hydroxyapatite on collagen synthesis in alveolar bone defects healing. Reviews: In this review article discusses the healing process of alveolar bone defects, the characteristics of the hydroxyapatite material, collagen synthesis and also 4 kinds of natural substances that can be used as a source of hydroxyapatite material for supporting the bone healing process. These natural materials include bovine bones, egg shells, crab shells, and calcite rocks. Conclusion: Hydroxyapatite material has a role in collagen synthesis in the healing process of alveolar bone defects.

scholarly journals Macrophage Polarization and Alveolar Bone Healing Outcome: Despite a Significant M2 Polarizing Effect, VIP and PACAP Treatments Present a Minor Impact in Alveolar Bone Healing in Homeostatic Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle de Campos Soriani Azevedo ◽  
Angélica Cristina Fonseca ◽  
Priscila Maria Colavite ◽  
Jéssica Lima Melchiades ◽  
André Petenuci Tabanez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Healing ◽  
Host Response ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Macrophage Polarization ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Trabecular Thickness ◽  
Bone Healing Process

Host inflammatory immune response comprises an essential element of the bone healing process, where M2 polarization allegedly contributes to a favorable healing outcome. In this context, immunoregulatory molecules that modulate host response, including macrophage polarization, are considered potential targets for improving bone healing. This study aims to evaluate the role of the immunoregulatory molecules VIP (Vasoactive intestinal peptide) and PACAP (Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide), which was previously described to favor the development of the M2 phenotype, in the process of alveolar bone healing in C57Bl/6 (WT) mice. Experimental groups were submitted to tooth extraction and maintained under control conditions or treated with VIP or PACAP were evaluated by microtomographic (µCT), histomorphometric, immunohistochemical, and molecular analysis at 0, 3, 7, and 14 days to quantify tissue healing and host response indicators at the healing site. Gene expression analysis demonstrates the effectiveness of VIP or PACAP in modulating host response, evidenced by the early dominance of an M2-type response, which was paralleled by a significant increase in M2 (CD206+) in treated groups. However, despite the marked effect of M1/M2 balance in the healing sites, the histomorphometric analysis does not reveal an equivalent/corresponding modulation of the healing process. µCT reveals a slight increase in bone matrix volume and the trabecular thickness number in the PACAP group, while histomorphometric analyzes reveal a slight increase in the VIP group, both at a 14-d time-point; despite the increased expression of osteogenic factors, osteoblastic differentiation, activity, and maturation markers in both VIP and PACAP groups. Interestingly, a lower number of VIP and PACAP immunolabeled cells were observed in the treated groups, suggesting a reduction in endogenous production. In conclusion, while both VIP and PACAP treatments presented a significant immunomodulatory effect with potential for increased healing, no major changes were observed in bone healing outcome, suggesting that the signals required for bone healing under homeostatic conditions are already optimal, and additional signals do not improve an already optimal process. Further studies are required to elucidate the role of macrophage polarization in the bone healing process.

scholarly journals Current approach to bone augmentation with allogeneic cortical graft: A case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (Suppl. 1) ◽  
pp. 299-302
Author(s):  
Utku Nezih Yılmaz ◽  
Fatma Eriş Derkuş
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Dental Implant ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Current Approach ◽  
Autogenous Bone ◽  
Bone Augmentation ◽  
Alveolar Crest

Aim: Today, dental implant applications have become the most preferred option in the treatment of tooth deficiencies. Long-term successful results in dental implant applications depend largely on the volume and quality of the hard and soft tissues in the relevant region. Insufficient soft tissues and alveolar crest resorption complicate implant applications. Grafts and additional surgical procedures are required to compensate for resorption and to provide bone augmentation. Shell technique, one of the augmentation methods used in the treatment of alveolar bone defects, is an important procedure for guided bone regeneration. The purpose of this case report is to describe the treatment of vertical and horizontal bone loss with the Shell technique using allogeneic cortical grafts. Methodology: A 58-year-old female patient without any systemic disease was admitted to our clinic with the complaint of tooth loss in the right posterior mandibular region. In the intraoral and radiological examinations, it was determined that the bone volume in the relevant region was not sufficient for dental implant. Two-stage surgical treatment was planned for the patient. First, vertical and horizontal bone defects were augmented with allogeneic cortical graft application under local anesthesia. After the healing process, dental implants were placed in the sufficient volume of the alveolar bone and the patient's treatment was completed. Conclusion: Allogeneic grafts in the treatment of alveolar crest defects; it is a good alternative to autogenous bone grafts,there is no need for a second surgical field and the resulting reduction in morbidity.   How to cite this article: Eriş Derkuş F, Yılmaz UN. Current approach to bone augmentation with allogeneic cortical graft: A case report. Int Dent Res 2021;11(Suppl.1):299-302. https://doi.org/10.5577/intdentres.2021.vol11.suppl1.44     Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.

scholarly journals Effect of platelet-rich plasma on implant bone defects in rabbits through the FAK/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 311-317
Author(s):  
Wei Liu ◽  
Ben Chen ◽  
Youyang Zheng ◽  
Yuehua Shi ◽  
Zhuojin Shi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Bone Healing ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tissue Healing ◽  
Bone Healing Process

AbstractPlatelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been shown to be a beneficial growth factor for bone tissue healing and is used in implantology. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of PRP on bone defects in rabbits. Twenty rabbits were used to establish the implant bone defect model in this study. An intrabony defect (5mm × 5mm × 3mm) was created in alveolar bone in the lower jar of each rabbit. The wound was treated with PRP. The expression of platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGFBB) was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and related phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT (protein kinase B) levels were measured by Western blot. The results show that PRP could significantly improve the bone healing process when compared with control, and 10% PRP could markedly increase fibroblast proliferation 48-h post treatment. PDGFBB was higher in the PRP group than that in the control group. PRP treatment also could elevate the phosphorylation of FAK and PI3K/AKT, although the inhibitor of PDGFR could reverse this trend. These results suggest that PRP treatment improves the bone healing process through the FAK/PI3K/AKT pathway.

scholarly journals Osseous Healing in Surgically Prepared Bone Defects Using Different Grafting Materials: An Experimental Study in Pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Savvas Titsinides ◽  
Theodore Karatzas ◽  
Despoina Perrea ◽  
Efstathios Eleftheriadis ◽  
Leonidas Podaropoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Bone Substitutes ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Beta Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Tissue Specimens

Regeneration of large jaw bone defects still remains a clinical challenge. To avoid incomplete bone repair, bone grafts have been advocated to support the healing process. This study comparatively evaluated new bone formation among a synthetic graft substitute, a human bone derivative, and a bovine xenograft. Materials were placed in 3 out of the 4 bone cavities, while 1 deficit was left empty, serving as a control, in mono-cortical defects, surgically prepared in the porcine calvaria bone. Animals were randomized in 2 groups and euthanized at 8 and 12 weeks. Harvested tissue specimens were qualitatively evaluated by histology. New bone formation was quantitatively measured by histomorphometry. Maximum new bone formation was noticed in defects grafted with beta-tricalcium phosphate b-TCP compared to the other bone substitutes, at 8 and 12 weeks post-surgery. Bovine and human allograft induced less new bone formation compared to empty bone cavity. Histologic analysis revealed that b-TCP was absorbed and substituted significantly, while bovine and human allograft was maintained almost intact in close proximity with new bone. Based on our findings, higher new bone formation was detected in defects filled with b-TCP when compared to bovine and human graft substitutes.

scholarly journals Effects of Anadara granosa shell combined with Sardinella longiceps oil on oesteoblast proliferation in bone defect healing process

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Rima Parwati Sari ◽  
Eddy Hermanto ◽  
Dinda Divilia ◽  
Indra Candra ◽  
Wisnu Kuncoro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bone Defect Healing ◽  
Bone Damage ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sardinella Longiceps ◽  
Anadara Granosa

Background: Alveolar bone damage is the most common case in dentistry. One way to fix the bone damage is by using bone graft. Anadara granosa shell is a potential bone substitute since it is rich in calcium which can be processed into hydroxyapatite. The addition of Sardinella longiceps oil rich in omega-3 can modulate inflammation, thus accelerating the healing process. Purpose: This study aimed to determine effects of application of Anadara granosa shell combined with Sardinella longiceps oil on osteoblast proliferation in the healing process of bone defects. Method: The subjects were 32 male rats type Wistar divided into 4 groups (n = 8). Making defect was performed on the right bone of the femurs with a half of the diameter of round Mcisinger® Germany bur sized 18. The first group (K) is a negative control group that was not given anything. The second group (AG) was given Anadara granosa pasta. The third group (AM10) was given Anadara granosa pasta combined with 10% Sardinella longiceps oil. And, the fourth group (AM30) was given Anadara granosa pasta combined with 30% Sardinella longiceps oil. Next, preparations and animal euthanasia were performed on the 7th day after the treatment. The number of osteoblasts then was measured after making preparations for HPA with Hematoxylin eosin staining (HE). Afterward, tabulation of data followed by statistical analysis of Anova and HSD Tukey was carried out. Result: The average number of osteoblasts in Groups K, AG, AM10, and AM30 was 19.00, 34.63, 33.50, and 38.50. The results of Anova test showed a significant difference (p<0.05). Similarly, the results of Tukey-HSD test also showed significant differences (p<0.05) between Group K and all other groups (AG, AM10, and AM30). Nevertheless, there were no significant differences between Group AG and Groups AM10 and AM30, as well as between Group AM10 and Group AM30. Conclusion: The application of the combination of Anadara granosa shell and Sardinella longiceps oil can not increase the proliferation of osteoblasts in the healing process of bone defects.

scholarly journals Experimental Acute Sepsis Reduced Number of Osteocalcin Immunolabeled Cells in Periodontal Ligament

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-151
Author(s):  
Gabriela Veloso Vieira da Silva Pinheiro ◽  
Robinson Sabino-Silva ◽  
Melissa Rodrigues de Araujo ◽  
Shaiene Patrícia Gomes ◽  
Stephanie Wutke Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Cecal Ligation ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Cecal Ligation And Puncture ◽  
Sepsis Induction ◽  
Collagenous Fibers ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analyses

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of acute sepsis in the periodontal ligament, alveolar and furcation bone in absence of periodontitis induction through histological and immunohistochemical analyses. A septic rat model was established by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Twelve rats were randomly divided into CLP (n=6) and Sham (n=6) groups. The animals were euthanized at 24 h and hemimandibles were submitted to histomorfometric (bone matrix, collagenous fibers, fibroblasts, osteocytes, inflammatory cells, and blood vessels) and immunohistochemical (BMP-2/4, RANKL and osteocalcin) evaluation in alveolar bone, furcation bone and periodontal ligament. Our results demonstrated that histomorphometric parameters were similar in alveolar bone, furcation bone and periodontal ligament of Sham and CLP rats. Regarding to immunohistochemical analyses, the number of BMP-2/4 and RANKL immunolabeled cells was also similar in both groups. Furthermore, it was detected a reduction in the osteocalcin immunolabeled cells in periodontal ligaments of CLP compared to Sham rats (p=0.0014). In conclusion, the acute sepsis induction resulted in reduced number of osteocalcin labelled cells in periodontal ligament region. Moreover, no significant histological differences were observed in the periodontium of rats under acute sepsis. Considering the role of osteocalcin in bone remodeling, the study contributes to revealing the importance of careful periodontal evaluation in the presence of sepsis.

METHODOLOGY OF PLAYING ACTIVITY IN REHABILITATION PRACTICE

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 2543-2548
Author(s):  
Petya Kasnakova
Keyword(s):  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Thought Processes ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Movement Skills ◽  
Movement Training ◽  
Motor Movement

The games play a special role in rehabilitation practice. The positive emotions they cause in patients cannot be achieved by other methods and means of modern rehabilitation. The role of game playing activity in practice is crucial to the achievement of one of the important tasks in implementing rehabilitation measures, namely to evacuate the patient from the depressed mental state, to distract him from the disease process and to focus on mobilizing his healing powers. The mood, the emotional charge and the dynamics that the games create are particularly suited to awakening the patient's interest in the healing process, their attraction and their active involvement in the rehabilitation activities. The connection between the actions in the game and the movements in the analytical exercises accelerates the formation of motor habits, physical qualities and skills not only in children but also in adult patients with various pathological injuries. Rehabilitation games are suitable for all ages by enhancing the health of the occupants, developing their mental qualities, improving the activity of the vestibular, visual and motor analyzers. The basis of the motor movement training game methodology and the improvement of motor movement skills is the activation of the thought processes and emotional experiences, the development of the functions of the musculoskeletal system, the cardiovascular system and the respiratory system.

scholarly journals Role of Autologous Platelet Gel (APG) in Bone Healing: A Rabbit Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 395
Author(s):  
Antonio Scarano ◽  
Francesco Inchingolo ◽  
Biagio Rapone ◽  
Alberta Greco Lucchina ◽  
Erda Qorri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Size ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Platelet Gel ◽  
Woven Bone ◽  
Rapid Healing ◽  
Rabbit Bone ◽  
Autologous Platelet ◽  
New Zealand Rabbits

Purpose: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the influence and efficacy of autologous platelets on bone regeneration in a rabbit defects model. Materials and Methods: A total of 12 critical size tibial defects were produced in six New Zealand rabbits: A total of six defects were filled with autologous platelet gel (APG) and six defects were maintained as untreated controls. No membranes were used to cover the bone osteotomies. The histology and histomorphometry were performed at four weeks on retrieved samples of both groups. Results: No complications were reported in any of the animals nor for the defects produced. A significantly higher lamellar and woven bone percentage was reported for the APG group with a lower level of marrow spaces (p < 0.05). Evidence of newly formed bone was found in the superficial portion of the bone defect of APG samples where no aspects of bone resorption were observed. Conclusions: The evidence of the present research revealed that APG increases new bone formation restricted to the cortical portion and induces more rapid healing in rabbit bone defects than in untreated defects.

scholarly journals The role of inhibition of osteocyte apoptosis in mediating orthodontic tooth movement and periodontal remodeling: a pilot study

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Kaplan ◽  
Zana Kalajzic ◽  
Thomas Choi ◽  
Imad Maleeh ◽  
Christopher L. Ricupero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Tartrate Resistant Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Osteocyte Apoptosis ◽  
Saline Administration ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) has been shown to induce osteocyte apoptosis in alveolar bone shortly after force application. However, how osteocyte apoptosis affects orthodontic tooth movement is unknown. The goal of this study was to assess the effect of inhibition of osteocyte apoptosis on osteoclastogenesis, changes in the alveolar bone density, and the magnitude of OTM using a bisphosphonate analog (IG9402), a drug that affects osteocyte and osteoblast apoptosis but does not affect osteoclasts. Material and methods Two sets of experiments were performed. Experiment 1 was used to specifically evaluate the effect of IG9402 on osteocyte apoptosis in the alveolar bone during 24 h of OTM. For this experiment, twelve mice were divided into two groups: group 1, saline administration + OTM24-h (n=6), and group 2, IG9402 administration + OTM24-h (n=6). The contralateral unloaded sides served as the control. The goal of experiment 2 was to evaluate the role of osteocyte apoptosis on OTM magnitude and osteoclastogenesis 10 days after OTM. Twenty mice were divided into 4 groups: group 1, saline administration without OTM (n=5); group 2, IG9402 administration without OTM (n=5); group 3, saline + OTM10-day (n=6); and group 4, IG9402 + OTM10-day (n=4). For both experiments, tooth movement was achieved using Ultra Light (25g) Sentalloy Closed Coil Springs attached between the first maxillary molar and the central incisor. Linear measurements of tooth movement and alveolar bone density (BVF) were assessed by MicroCT analysis. Cell death (or apoptosis) was assessed by terminal dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay, while osteoclast and macrophage formation were assessed by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining and F4/80+ immunostaining. Results We found that IG9402 significantly blocked osteocyte apoptosis in alveolar bone (AB) at 24 h of OTM. At 10 days, IG9402 prevented OTM-induced loss of alveolar bone density and changed the morphology and quality of osteoclasts and macrophages, but did not significantly affect the amount of tooth movement. Conclusion Our study demonstrates that osteocyte apoptosis may play a significant role in osteoclast and macrophage formation during OTM, but does not seem to play a role in the magnitude of orthodontic tooth movement.

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