scholarly journals Effect of Kembang Bulan Leaf (Tithonia diversifolia) Ethanolic Extract to SGOT and SGPT Levels in Diabetic Rats (Rattus norvegicus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
Achmad Firdaus Pamudya Wardhana ◽  
Arifa Mustika ◽  
Citrawati Dyah Kenconowungu

Introduction: Kembang Bulan (Tithonia diversifolia) is one of Indonesian traditional medicine that contains saponins, flavonoids, and, tannins and is predicted has a lowering effect on blood-glucose. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a disease caused by insufficient insulin secretory by the pancreas or ineffective usage of insulin that produced by the body thus cause a hyperglycemia condition. Hyperglycemia can cause an increase in Reactive Oxygen Species which can cause free radicals. Free radicals can cause damage to liver cells. Method: This was an experiment with posttest control group design. Samples were 40 rats, divided into five different groups (P1, P2, P3, P4 and P5). Each group were induced by multiple low doses STZ. P1 (give the extract of Tithonia diversifolia at a dose 50 mg/100 gr BB), P2 (give the extract of Tithonia diversifolia at a dose 150 mg/100 gr BB), and P3 (give the extract of Tithonia diversifolia at a dose 450 mg/100 gr BB), P4 was treated with metformin, P5 was not treated. After STZ induction and give the extract to diabetic rat model, the resulting liver cell damage will be measured using the SGOT and SGPT measurement methods. Result: On the average results of SGOT levels in the five treatments, using the ANOVA test p value was 0.877 (p> 0.05) which means there were no significant differences. Furthermore, on the average results of SGPT levels in all five treatments, using the ANOVA test p value was 0.822 (p> 0.05) which means there were no significant differences. But from all results obtained P4 (given metformin) with the results closest to normal levels (SGOT: 197.5 ± 37.25; SGPT: 90.33 ± 29.36). From the treatment given Tithonia diversifolia extract obtained P1 (with a dose of 50 mg / 200gr BB) with the results closest to normal levels compared to P2 and P3. Conclusion: The Extract of kembang Bulan Leaf (Tithonia diversifolia) obtained less significant results compared to the untreated group. However, there is no significant difference. And giving ethanol extract of the leaves of kembang Bulan (Tithonia diversifolia)  at a dose of 50 mg / 100gr BB is the most effective way to reduce levels of SGOT and SGPT.

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 276
Author(s):  
Yusari Asih ◽  
I Gusti Ayu Mirah WS

<p><span>Baby Massage and Spa was a traditional effort that uses a holistic approach through comprehensive care using a combination of massage and water therapy methods that are carried out in an integrated manner to balance the body, mind, and feelings. Age 3-6 months is the right time for babies to do massage and spa. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of baby massage and spa on the growth of infants aged 3-5 months in Pringsewu District in 2018. This study uses a quasi-experimental approach with research design pre and post-test with control group design. The purposive sampling technique was taken with a sample of 30 infants as the intervention group and 30 infants as the control group. Data were processed using computerization and analyzed using the T-Test. The results showed that there were significant differences between body weight, body length and baby head circumference in the pre and post-treatment. There was no significant difference in the average increase in infant weight between babies who were carried out by baby massage and spa with babies who were not carried out by baby massage and spa with p-value 0.116. There is a significant difference in the baby's body length and head circumference performed by baby massage and spa with those not carried out by baby massage and spa with p-value 0.000. Baby Massage and Spa has a significant effect on increasing the growth of babies aged 3-5 months.</span></p><p><span> </span></p>


2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-441
Author(s):  
Nora Veri ◽  
Nila Suci Ramadhani ◽  
Alchalidi Alchalidi

ABSTRACT Background: Emesis gravidarum can get worse into hyperemesis gravidarum which causes the body to become weaker, paler, and the frequency of urination decreases. As a result, decreased body fluids and hemoconcentration of blood can cause tissue damage. Non pharmacological treatment is very important because it reduces the pharmacological effects that appear in pregnant women. The herbal therapy that has been proven to be beneficial is the administration of peppermint, but research on the effects of Pamelo fruit related to nausea and vomiting in pregnant women is still rare.Objective: To determine the comparison of the effectiveness of peppermint and Pomelo orange on the intensity of nausea and vomiting in pregnant womenMethods: The research design was a quasi experimental study with a pretest posttest control group design approach. The number of samples was 24 pregnant women who were grouped into 3 groups.Results: The average intensity of nausea and vomiting in the peppermint group at pretest was 2.38 and decreased at posttest to 1 with P-value 0.004. The intensity of nausea and vomiting in the Pomelo group at pretest was 6.38, falling to 1.75 at posttest with P-value 0.000. The result of further test showed that there was no significant difference in the intensity of nausea and vomiting between the two groups with Sig. 0.428.Conclusion: Peppermint and pomelo are effective in reducing the intensity of nausea and vomiting in trimester I pregnant women.Suggestion : This research needs to be refined by enlarging the research sample and measuring the intensity of nausea and vomiting can be done every day during the study considering that this study only measured twice the number of 24 respondents. Keywords : Nausea, Vomiting, Pregnancy, Peppermint, Pomelo ABSTRAK Latar Belakang : Emesis gravidarum dapat bertambah berat menjadi hiperemesis gravidarum yang mengakibatkan tubuh semakin lemah, pucat, dan frekuensi buang air kecil menurun. Akibatnya cairan tubuh berkurang dan hemokonsentrasi darah yang dapat menimbulkan kerusakan jaringan. Pengobatan non farmakolgis sangat penting karena mengurangi efek farmakologis yang muncul pada ibu hamil. Terapi herbal yang sudah terbukti bermanfaat adalah pemberian peppermint, namun penelitian efek buah Pamelo yang berkaitan dengan mual muntah pada ibu hamil masih jarang.Tujuan Penelitian : Untuk mengetahui  perbandingan efektifitas pemberian peppermint dan Jeruk Pomelo terhadap intensitas  mual dan  muntah pada ibu hamilMetode Penelitian : Rancangan penelitian ini adalah quasi experimental dengan pendekatan pretest posttest control group design. Jumlah sampel  adalah sebanyak 24 orang ibu hamil yang dikelompokkan kedalam 3 kelompok.Hasil Penelitian : Rata-rata intensitas mual muntah pada kelompok peppermint saat pretest adalah 2,38 dan menurun pada saat posttest menjadi 1 dengan P-value 0,004. Intensitas mual muntah kelompok Pomelo pada pretest adalah 6.38 turun menjadi 1,75 pada saat posttest dengan P-value 0,000. Hasil uji lanjut didapatkan tidak ada perbedaan bermakna intensitas mual muntah antara kedua kelompok dengan Sig. 0,428.Kesimpulan : Pemberian Peppermint dan pomelo efektif dalam menurunkan intensitas mual dan muntah pada ibu hamil trimester I.Saran : Penelitian ini perlu disempurnakan dengan memperbesar sampel penelitian dan pengukuran intensitas mual muntah dapat dilakukan setiap hari selama penelitian mengingat penelitian ini hanya mengukur sebanyak dua kali pada 24 responden. Kata kunci : Mual, Muntah, Kehamilan, Peppermint, Pomelo 


2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-160
Author(s):  
Mulyono Mulyono ◽  
Wahyu Susiloningsih

In physical activity, in addition to forming free radical compounds, the body will form antibodies in the form of endogenous antioxidants. In the event of an imbalance in the formation of free radicals with antioxidants (oxidative stress) exogenous antioxidant administration will help to restore the balance of free radicals with - antioxidants. Provision of vitamins and massage manipulation immediately after physical exercise is expected to help in decreasing levels of MDA Plasma as one indicator of the degree of free radical in the blood and helps speed up the recovery of the body.It is an experimental research with post-test control group design with sample of 20 college students of Unipa Surabaya. Which is divided into 2 groups with each group amounted to 10 college students. The group is Control group and Vitamin E group. The all group performed 2.4 km run, the treatment was given after the sample did the physical activity. After 1 hour of treatment each group was taken by radially to see blood MDA plasma levels.After processed data got average of plasma MDA level of each group that is control group with mean 8,0870 nmol/ml, vitamin E group with average 2,9020 nmol/ml. From the statistical t test obtained of P value < 0.05. Thus, there was significant difference of MDA Plasma level between control group and vitamin E after physical exercise.ABSTRAK Dalam aktivitas fisik, selain membentuk senyawa radikal bebas, tubuh akan membentuk antibodi dalam bentuk antioksidan endogen. Jika terjadi ketidakseimbangan dalam pembentukan radikal bebas dengan antioksidan (oksidatif stres) maka pemberian antioksidan eksogen akan membantu mengembalikan keseimbangan radikal bebas dengan - antioksidan. Penyediaan vitamin dan manipulasi pijat segera setelah latihan fisik diharapkan bisa membantu dalam menurunkan kadar MDA Plasma sebagai salah satu indikator tingkat radikal bebas dalam darah dan membantu mempercepat pemulihan tubuh.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan desain kelompok kontrol post-test dengan sampel 20 mahasiswa Unipa Surabaya. Yang terbagi menjadi 2 kelompok dengan masing-masing kelompok berjumlah 10 mahasiswa. Kelompok ini adalah Kelompok kontrol dan kelompok Vitamin E. Semua kelompok melakukan lari 2,4 km, perlakuan diberikan setelah sampel melakukan aktivitas fisik. Setelah 1 jam pengobatan, masing-masing kelompok diambil secara radial untuk melihat tingkat plasma darah MDA.Setelah data yang diolah didapatkan rata-rata kadar MDA plasma masing-masing kelompok yaitu kelompok kontrol dengan rata-rata 8,0870 nmol/ml, kelompok vitamin E dengan rata-rata 2.9020 nmol/ml. Dari uji statistik diperoleh nilai P <0,05. Dengan demikian ada perbedaan tingkat MDA Plasma yang signifikan antara kelompok kontrol dan vitamin E setelah latihan fisik.Penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa dengan pemberian vitamin E setelah latihan fisik dapat membantu menurunkan kadar MDA Plasma yang merupakan indicator tingkat radikal bebas.


2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-55
Author(s):  
Hafiko Andresni ◽  
Zahtamal Zahtamal ◽  
Winda Septiani ◽  
Mitra Mitra ◽  
Lita Lita

ABSTRACT Toilet training is an effort to train children to be able to control and urinate (BAK) and defecate (BAB). Toilet training is one of the main tasks of children at toddler age. Toilet training is one of the main tasks of children in toddler age which is very important to be done to create independence in children in controlling BAK and BAB and children know the parts of the body and their functions. Data in 2012 shows that ± 60% of parents do not teach toilet training to children from an early age. The aim of the study was to find out the effectiveness of toilet training education on maternal behavior and toilet skills in toddler age training (18-36 months). The study was conducted in July-August 2018. This type of quantitative research used the design of the Quasy pretest and posttest experiment with non-equivalent control group design. Samples were 36 mothers and 36 children with purposive sampling technique. Data analysis used Paired t test, Wilcoxon test, Man-Whitney test an Independent t test. The results showed that toilet training education through lecture methods, modules and maze games was more effective than toilet training education through lecture and leaflet methods on children's knowledge and abilities. Conversely, for the role of mothers in supervision there is no significant difference in effectiveness. Health education is recommended in health promotion programs to increase maternal knowledge, the role of mothers and the ability of toilet training children independently. Keywords: Toilet training, Lecture method, Module, Maze game, Leaflet, Knowledge, Role of mother, Children's ability.


2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Siti Harwanti ◽  
Budi Aji ◽  
Nur Ulfah

ABSTRACT Low back pain ( LBP ) is a musculoskeletal disorder that occurs in the lower back which can be caused by various diseases and  activity of the body being less good. One effort to overcome the LBP is back exercise. The research purpose is to find out the effect of back exercise therapy which concern to lowering painful complaint of batik artisants in Kauman village Sokaraja subsdistrict. This research is using Quasi Experiment technique phenomenological non equivalen control group design (pre -post test). Sample taking is using purposive sampling technique. Data analysis use Friedman experiment for treatment group and Repeated Annova experiment for control group. Experiment analysis is different between treatment group and control group with using Mann Whitney experiment. The result of Friedman experiment in treatment group shows that p-value=0,000(p<0,05), it means the therapy those given is effective to lowering painful complaint. The result of Repeated Annova experiment in control group shows that p-value=0,234(p>0,05), it means the painful complaint seems not different in control group. The result of Mann Whitney experiment shows that p-value=0,000(p<0,05) it means there are differences between painful complaint in treatment group and control group after doing back exercise. There is the effect by giving back exercise therapy which concern to lowering the complaint of low back pain for batik artisants in Kauman village Sokaraja subdistrict.   Key words: Handmade Batik, Low back pain, back exercise


2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-119
Author(s):  
Andika Siswoaribowo ◽  
Mateus Sakundarno ◽  
Muhammad Mu’in

Background: Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disease that requires treatment for long periods of time so it can cause physical and psychological problems for sufferers and families (caregiver). Caregiver's role is expected to provide support for people with diabetes mellitus. Family psychoeducation is a strategy that can be applied for caregiver in overcoming problems that arise during the treatment of patients with diabetes mellitus.Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of family psychoeducation on caregiver support in the treatment of patients with diabetes mellitus type II.Methods: This research used a quasi experiment with  pre-test post-test control group design. A total of 46 caregivers and patients with diabetes mellitus were recruited puposively, with 23 respondents assigned in the experiment and control group. Caregiver support scale was used to measure caregiver support, and Hensarling Diabetes Family Support Scale (HDFSS) for measuring perception of patients toward the treatment of caregiver.  Data were analyzed using paired t-test and independent t-test. Results: Findings showed there was an increase of caregiver knowledge from 5.39 to 9.09 and an improvement of caregiver treatment from 40.30 to 67.04 after given family psychoeducation. There was a significant difference of caregiver support in the experimental and control group with p-value <0.001 (<0.05).Conclusion: Family psychoeducation can increase caregiver support in the treatment of diabetes mellitus patients. The intervention can be one of nurses interventions in the empowerment of family in improving the treatment of chronic diseases, particularly in diabetes mellitus.


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 136
Author(s):  
Rini Rahmiyati ◽  
Didit Aspriyanto ◽  
Beta Widya Oktiani

Background: Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) is a biological fluid derived from the gingival sulcus and can be elevated in the inflammatory state of periodontal tissue, such as gingivitis. In previous studies, the number of GCF could also increase after panoramic radiographic exposure. Increase in GCF due to panoramic radiography is a sign of cell damage. Objective: To analyze the effects of panoramic radiography on the volume of GCF in wistar rats with gingivitis. Method: This type of research was true experimental with post test only and control group design. The sampling technique used was simple random sampling. A total of 25 wistar rats were classified into two control groups without exposure (state without gingivitis and gingivitis) and three groups treatment of exposure (state of gingivitis with 1 time, 2 times, and 3 times the exposure). GCF sampling using filter paper was carried out 10 minutes after panoramic radiographic exposure. The filter paper was stained by 2% ninhydrin solution, after that the GCF volume was calculated. Results: There was a significant difference in the number of GCF (p<0.05) in the group without gingivitis and exposure compared to all other groups, the gingivitis group without exposure compared to the gingivitis group with 3 times exposure, and the gingivitis group with 1 time exposure compared to the gingivitis group 3 times with exposure. Conclusion: Panoramic radiography can cause an increase in the volume of GCF in wistar rats with gingivitis. Keywords: GCF, gingivitis, panoramic radiography


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Setiawandari Setiawandari ◽  
Eka Deviany Widyawaty

The immunizations that must be given to children include the Diphtheria Pertussis Tetatus-Hepatitis B-Hemophilus Influenza type B vaccine or better known as Pentabio DPT. The DTwP / HB / HiB vaccine is given to babies in 3 doses at 1 month intervals. This immunization caused a systemic reaction, one of which was a fever of 0.85% in the first 30 minutes and increased to 14.03% on the day after immunization. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of shallots (Allium ascalonicum L) in reducing the body temperature of feverish children after Pentabio DPT immunization. This type of research was quasi-experimental study, with pre and post test with control group design. The sample in this study were babies who received DPT immunization as many as 20 respondents. DPT Pentabio immunization was given a dose of 0.5 ml in the intervention group and the control group. The statistical test used was the T test. The results showed that there was a significant effect of shallots on in reducing the body temperature of feverish children after Pentabio DPT immunization, with a p-value of 0.000. Keywords: shallots; body temperature; fever; Pentabio DPT immunization ABSTRAK Imunisasi yang wajib diberikan kepada anak-anak diantaranya adalah vaksin Diphtheria Pertusis Tetatus-Hepatitis B-Hemophilus Influenza type B atau lebih dikenal dengan DPT Pentabio. Vaksin DTwP/HB/HiB diberikan kepada bayi sebanyak 3 dosis dengan interval 1 bulan. Imunisasi ini menimbulkan reaksi sistemik salah satunya berupa demam 0,85% pada 30 menit pertama dan meningkat menjadi 14,03% pada satu hari pasca imunisasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui efektifitas bawang merah (Allium ascalonicum L) terhadap penurunan suhu tubuh anak demam pasca imunisasi DPT Pentabio. Jenis penelitian quasi eksperimen dengan pre and post test with control group design. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah bayi yang mendapat imunisasi DPT sebanyak 20 orang responden. Pemberian imunisasi DPT PENTABIO Pentabio dosis 0,5 ml pada kelompok intervensi dan kelompok kontrol. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah Uji T. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada pengaruh yang signifikan dari bawang merah dalam menurunkan suhu tubuh anak demam pasca imunisasi DPT Pentabio, dengan p-value 0,000. Kata kunci: bawang merah; suhu tubuh; demam; imunisasi DPT Pentabio


2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-167
Author(s):  
Syaukia Adini ◽  
Bedjo Santoso ◽  
Sarkum Sarkum ◽  
Sudirman Sudirman

Background: Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) is one of the causes of infection in the hospital and the main cause of death due to nosocomial infection. The strategy to prevent VAP is by oral hygiene. Honey may be a good solution for oral hygiene.Objective: This study aims to compare the effect of the use of 20% honey solution and 0.2% chlorhexidine as oral hygiene on VAP prevention in patients on mechanical ventilation.Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with posttest only control group design in an incentive care unit of a general hospital in Indonesia. Thirty respondents were selected using consecutive sampling, which 15 respondents assigned in a 20% honey group and 0.2% chlorhexidine group. Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score (CPIS) was used to measure Ventilator Associated Pneumonia. Data were analyzed using Independent t-test.Results: The mean of CPIS in the honey group was 3.33 and the chlorhexidine group was 3.53. Independent t-test showed p-value 0.618 (>0.05), which indicated that there was no significant difference of the effect of honey and chlorhexidine on VAP event.Conclusions: The 20% honey solution has the same effect with 0.2% chlorhexidine in preventing VAP events in patients on mechanical ventilation.


2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Cecep Muhammad Alawi ◽  
Hamidie Ronald Daniel Ray

Two kinds of carbohydrates that are used with the body as energy, is blood glucose and muscular glycogen. Savings glycogen in muscular is one of the factors that is affecting muscular endurance when physical exercise. The aim of this study is to find out the significant influence of consuming palm sugar to muscular endurance before physical exercise. The method that is used in this study is to experiment with design pretest-posttest control group design. Total of sample of this study is 18 trained mans that is divided into three groups. The first experiment group is given palm sugar that is dissolved in water, the second experiment group is given sugar that is dissolved in water, and the control group is given mineral water. The instrument of this study is used push up test, sit up test, and squat jump test to measures the upper muscular endurance, middle, and bottom. All of the samples have done pretest and posttest in different day. When posttest, all of the sample is consumed beverage based on the treatment 30 minutes before do the posttest. Data analysis by Paired Sample t-test and continued by One Way ANOVA to see the influence and comparison between groups. The result of this study has showed that there is a significant difference, the raising of muscular endurance is proved by the score (sig) 0.00>0.05, which the highest increasing is the palm sugar group. Therefore, it could be concluded that there is a significant influence of consuming palm sugar to muscular endurance before physical exercise.


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