scholarly journals The Dynamics And Vicissitudes of China- India Relations in The Post-2017 Border Conflict

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 429
Author(s):  
Ngboawaji Daniel Nte ◽  
Oluka Nduka Lucas ◽  
Awajiowa Daniel Nte ◽  
Awwal Isah
Keyword(s):  
Diplomatic Relations ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Southern Asia ◽  
Terrorist Groups

This study argued that one of the primary reasons China-India renewed diplomatic intercourse after the border conflict of 2017 was the fear of emergent cross-border terrorism in the Southern Asia region. It also argued that, although both nations have different approaches to terrorism, there was a need for a collective fight against the emerging cross-border terrorist groups believed to have been strengthened by ISIS affiliation. Furthermore, the study revealed that India and China’s rising economic posture contributed to the renewed diplomatic ties. On these premises, this study is posed to examine the reasons and benefits of China-India’s renewed economic, diplomatic intercourse after the border conflict of 2017.Keywords: China-India, Economic Relations, Diplomatic Relations, Cross- border terrorismTulisan ini berargumen bahwa salah satu alasan utama China-India memperbarui hubungan diplomatik setelah konflik perbatasan tahun 2017adalah karena ketakutan akan terorisme lintas batas yang muncul di kawasan Asia Selatan. Tulisan ini juga berpendapat bahwa, meskipun kedua negara memiliki pendekatan berbeda terhadap terorisme, ada kebutuhan untuk perjuangan kolektif melawan kelompok teroris lintas batas yang diyakini telah diperkuat oleh afiliasi ISIS. Lebih lanjut, tulisan ini mengungkapkan bahwa postur ekonomi India dan China yang sedang rising berkontribusi terhadap hubungan diplomatik kedua negara paska konflik perbatasan 2017. Berdasarkan premis-premis tersebut, penelitian ini diajukan untuk mengkaji alasan dan manfaat hubungan ekonomi dan diplomatik China-India yang diperbarui setelah konflik perbatasan tahun 2017.Kata-kata Kunci: China, India, Hubungan Ekonomi, Hubungan Diplomatik, Terorisme lintas batas

scholarly journals Ukrainian-Polish trade and economic relations in modern conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 36-46
Author(s):  
Borys Sulym
Keyword(s):  
Free Market ◽  
Trade In Services ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Polish Economy ◽  
Trade And Investment ◽  
Cross Border Cooperation

The main directions of development of Ukrainian-Polish trade relations are considered in the article. The positive and negative effects of cross-border cooperation in trade and investment are substantiated, as well as a number of recommendations for building mutually beneficial relations on the basis of national interests.The purpose of this article is to assess the Ukrainian-Polish trade and economic relations in modern conditions in order to form scientifically sound recommendations for the development of mutually beneficial cross-border cooperation, taking into account national interests.Research methods. Methods of scientific analysis are used in the critical assessment of the concept of free market and free trade; comparison in the study of the dynamics of Ukrainian-Polish trade relations; graphical method for displaying and comparing trade in goods and services and investment between Poland and Ukraine; method of generalization in the development of proposals to improve the efficiency of cross-border trade and investment between countries, taking into account national characteristics and interests.Results. An assessment of Ukrainian-Polish trade and economic relations over the past ten years is given. It is proved that Ukrainian-Polish relations in the field of trade in goods do not have significant benefits for the Ukrainian economy, as their balance is negative during the period under study. Emphasis is placed on mutual exits in the field of trade in services, where the Polish side actively uses Ukrainian enterprises to order services for processing material resources through cheap labor, which stimulates the inflow of funds into Ukrainian business, job creation and more. There is a significant predominance of Polish investment in the national economy over Ukrainian investment in the Polish economy, due to the higher development of the Polish economy and interest in building branches and subsidiaries of Polish enterprises.A number of measures have been proposed to increase the economic complexity of the domestic economy in order to increase technological exports to Poland and equalize the trade balance between the countries; the directions of development of trade in services (in particular medical services in the conditions of COVID-19), as well as measures to increase the volume of Polish investment are substantiated.

scholarly journals Why 20 Years of the Great Agreement did not Save Ukraine from Russian Military Aggression?

2018 ◽  
pp. 641-655
Author(s):  
Hryhorii Perepelytsia
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Strategic Partnership ◽  
Diplomatic Relations ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Implementation Period ◽  
Partnership Status ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Russian Military

The article analyses significance of the Agreement on Friendship, Cooperation and Partnership between Ukraine and the Russian Federation. The author outlines the statement of the President of Ukraine Petro Poroshenko about the termination of the Agreement on Friendship, Cooperation and Partnership between Ukraine and the Russian Federation, analyses the reasons for delaying the breakdown of diplomatic relations with the aggressor country, and studies the trade-economic and financial reasons for such a delay. Fear of large-scale armed invasion in Ukraine, the existence of certain arrangements with negative consequences for the ownership of Ukrainian oligarchs in Russia and so on are distinguished among the reasons for the delay of denouncing this treaty. Therefore, Ukraine legally preserved strategic partnership relations with Russia and continued to develop trade and economic relations. The domestic policy of both states was characterized within the context of Russian-Ukrainian war; the main content of the analysis of the Great Agreement and its 20-year implementation period was revealed. Fundamental changes in relations between the West and Russia were formulated. The analysis of the interpretation of the main points and theses of the Agreement were carried out. After analyzing the Great Agreement the author considers it obvious that Ukraine and Russia have different conceptual views on the role of the Treaty in their development as well as in development of their interstate bilateral relations. The article analyses Russia’s ignoring of the main points and norms of the Agreement on Friendship, Cooperation and Partnership and describes the reasons for radicalization of relations both in political and social dimensions that have been provoked by the Russian-Ukrainian war. The author concludes that Russia under cover of the Great Agreement, created all conditions necessary for committing its military aggression against Ukraine and gives examples of war crimes. Keywords: Great Agreement, Ukraine, Russian Federation, diplomatic relations, partnership, status.

China — Mongolia — Russia Economic Corridor Program: Problems and Prospects for Implementation

2021 ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Makarov
Keyword(s):  
Diplomatic Relations ◽  
Economic Base ◽  
Infrastructure Projects ◽  
Railway Network ◽  
Energy Infrastructure ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Current State ◽  
Bilateral Cooperation ◽  
The Creation

The 100-th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between Russia and Mongolia, which the two neighboring countries will celebrate on November 5, 2021, gives a serious reason to assess the current state of bilateral cooperation, existing problems and prospects for its development. In recent years, the issues of intensification of Russian-Mongolian relations have been considered in the context of the trilateral «Program for the creation of the China-Mongolia-Russia economic corridor». Despite the lack of concrete results within the framework of this program, the implementation of a number of infrastructure projects is being prepared, which will seriously strengthen the economic base of cooperation between Russia and Mongolia and China. The paper analyzes the problematic issues of the implementation of plans for the development of transport and energy infrastructure through Mongolia, which are considered as the basis for trilateral cooperation. Particular attention is paid to plans for the development of the railway network. The promising directions for the development of cross-border infrastructure in the framework of the program for the creation of the Mongolian corridor are identified.

“Cultural diplomacy” in the absence of diplomatic relations: Pushkin’s “Vsevolozhsky Writing book” returns to Russia

2020 ◽  
pp. 251-268
Author(s):  
Aleksandr A. Silkin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Diplomacy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Diplomatic Relations ◽  
Complex Phenomenon ◽  
Social Contacts ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Literary Heritage ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Past ◽  
Over Time

The return of the “Vsevolozhsky Writing Book” from Belgrade to Moscow (1933) is of interest not only from the point of view of studying and preserving literary heritage, but also as an important episode in the history of Russian-Serbian relations. These relations are a complex phenomenon, the evolution of which, according to Miroslav Jovanović, took course at “various levels of the historical past: in the plane of politics and diplomacy; spiritual and church, social and cultural ties; relatively frequent migrations from one environment to another; fragmented economic relations; and, finally, in the plane of individual, personal contacts, connections and impressions”. It is obvious what of the above in particular came to the fore during the period of mutual non-recognition between the USSR and Yu-goslavia (1918-1940). The correspondence between the Serbian philologist and translator Jovan Maksimović and Vladimir Bonch-Bruevich that resulted in the acquisition of the Pushkin manuscript by the Literary Museum refers to the type of informal contacts that maintained relations between Russia and Serbia even when political ties were interrupted. “Over time, cultural, spiritual, and social contacts developed into what is today called traditional in Serbian-Russian relations, and what greatly influenced the formation of collective memory, mentality, and mutual perception”. As for the Serbs, one of the peculiarities of this perception was the widespread Russophilia or the idea of “real/fictional proximity” with the Russians. Without this, Pushkin's manuscript would not have returned to Russia.

The Portuguese Republic and the People’s Republic of China: Impact and Trends of Economic Diplomacy

2020 ◽  
Vol 03 (02) ◽  
pp. 2050003
Author(s):  
Francisco B. S. José Leandro ◽  
Danilo Lemos Henriques
Keyword(s):  
People’S Republic Of China ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
Diplomatic Relations ◽  
People's Republic Of China ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Economic Diplomacy ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Relationship

This paper will examine the interplay and relationship between bilateral diplomatic relations and economic relations through the lens of political factors, examining the concrete case of the Republic of Portugal and the People’s Republic of China. It will consider their common past — the nations’ historical similarities, their common aims and ideological differences, and analyze the alignment and the synergy developed in the modern era in developing common platforms of aims and will, in terms of political agenda-setting, such as through the issue of the status of the territory of Macao and the relationship with Portuguese-speaking countries (PSCs). It further analyzes the past few decades through the signing of diplomatic protocols, engaged bilateral and multilateral economic diplomacies, and growing commerce and trade links to identify the key trends and extrapolate relevant correlations. We examine the progresses in the relationship between the advancement of Sino-Portuguese diplomatic relations and the development of economic interplay post the 1979 period, following the formal establishment of bilateral diplomatic relations. We argue in favor of an existing positive correlation between acts of economic diplomacy and the development of bilateral economic relations. This paper presents a methodological, theoretical-inductive, and constructivist perspective, combining qualitative, quantitative, and non-participated observation.

scholarly journals Internationalisation and Cross-Border Mobility in Indian Higher Education

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
N.V. Varghese
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Diplomatic Relations ◽  
Economic Rationality ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Internationalisation Of Higher Education ◽  
Indian Higher Education ◽  
Global Affairs ◽  
The Cold War

With the end of the Cold War political returns on foreign aid diminished.Many countries came to recognise trade as a more development-friendlymodality than aid. Internationalisation of higher education also shiftedfrom aid related cooperation agreements to market mediated cross-bordertrade arrangements within the framework of the General Agreementon Trade in Services (GATS). This article examines the changing face ofinternationalisation of higher education with a focus on the Indian experience.It argues that while internationalisation and cross-border mobilityare mediated by market processes and economic rationality in most countries,the Indian government’s initiatives to internationalise Indian highereducation are motivated by extending diplomatic relations to enable thecountry to play a more prominent role in global affairs.

Cross-border cooperation in the Czech-Austrian borderland

2019 ◽  
pp. 68-79
Author(s):  
Yu. I. Budiak ◽  
B. A. Giter ◽  
E. A. Grechko
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Fire Department ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Significant Progress ◽  
Economic Space ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Cross Border Cooperation

After WWII the transformation of the Czech-Austrian borderlands is connected with destruction of single ethno-cultural and economic space, lengthy period of the border impenetrability, social and economic backwardness of the borderlands. That period of Czech-Austrian relations has had lasting impact, strengthening the mental borders between the Austrian and the Czech that slows the recovery of the ties. The Czech-Austrian interaction within the framework of euroregions play a significant role in the revival of relationships. Among the existing in the Czech Republic euroregions with the participation of Austria (Shumava, Pomoraví, Silva Nortica), only Silva Nortica completely based on bilateral Czech-Austrian cooperation for the sustainable development of border areas. The article examines causes and consequences of the Czech-Austrian ties destruction, as well as the process of their recovery using the case of the Euroregion Silva Nortica. In the paper, we showed the importance of non-economic factors in the development of cross-border cooperation. Despite significant progress in the economic relations between Austria and the Czech Republic, especially in trade and tourism, the interaction in the borderlands remains low. To enhance this interaction, the countries attempts to create new “points of attraction” by consolidation of public services, for example, fire department within the euroregions

scholarly journals NEW FORMS OF CROSS-BORDER COOPERATION

Management ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-107
Author(s):  
Olena V. Zarichna
Keyword(s):  
European Integration ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Scientific Technical ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cross Border Cooperation

Introduction. Active engagement of Ukraine and its regions in the system of international cooperation in the context of the development of world integration processes is possible due to the use of cross-border cooperation tools. in the form of jointly developed programs of trade and economic, scientific-technical, environmental-ecological, cultural, historical-religious cooperation.The hypothesis of scientific research. Using cross-border cooperation will solve the problems of accelerating the socio-economic development of transboundary regions, improve the personnel infrastructure training of regions and the country as a whole in order to deepen cooperation with the EU, to solve urgent issues with the neighbors of the post-Soviet space; accelerate European integration processes.The purpose of the article is to develop theoretical propositions to substantiate the effective algorithm of cross-border cooperation development on the basis of synergistic combination of integration processes and innovations in all types of cooperation.Methods of research: an interdisciplinary approach – for combining a set of general scientific and special research methods; systemic and structural-functional analysis – to determine the system of international cross-border links; institutional approach – to determine the impact on cross-border cooperation created by political institutions; situational approach – for correlating the development of cross-border cooperation with a specific socio-economic situation; a comparative analysis – for comparing processes of cross-border cooperation in different countries of Europe and post-Soviet space.Results: the experience of the international community in implementing the system of cross-border cooperation is analyzed; the legal-legal and methodological principles of cross-border cooperation as a direction of European integration processes in Ukraine are researched; The mechanisms of development of foreign economic relations in the border regions of Ukraine in the conditions of realization of its European integration aspirations are revealed.Conclusions: development of theoretical positions on the substantiation of the active development of the regions as one of the elements of the pan-European system of priorities, which corresponds to the principled integration of states through the integration of regions, which represent joint actions aimed at establishing and deepening economic, social, environmental, scientific, technical, cultural and other relations between territorial communities, various institutions of transboundary regions with the relevant authorities of other states within the competence defined s national legislation.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF ECOLOGY ON INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC RELATIONS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Марія Шкурат ◽  
Каріна Тукіла
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
International Economic Relations ◽  
The World ◽  
Terrorist Groups ◽  
The Impact

Today the acute problems are pollution oceans, global warming, lack of resources, the increasing number of war and terrorist groups. All of this have adversely effects on the world environment and causes many problems in relations between countries. The issues of the impact of ecology on the world economy were revealed in their works economists such as K. Sitnik, M. Budiko, M. Reimer and many others. The main porpoise is to analyze the impact of ecology on the formation of economies in Europe and Ukraine, effects and suggest ways to solve problems. One of the main principles of domestic and foreign policy of any country is the preservation of the environment and its components. The main objectives of the article are to identify and analyze the main environmental problems of the world; to analyze the consequences of economic dangers and their impact on international economic relations; to analyze the consequences of energy consumption and propose alternative solutions for Ukraine; to investigate the problems and prospects of waste recycling in the world by proposing ways to solve the problem for Ukraine based on the experience of foreign countries; to identify the negative impact of solid waste recycling and suggest ways to solve the problem. Thus, there is a need to identify and study the main problems that stand in the way of building international economic relations in Ukraine and the world as a whole and to identify the main ways to solve these problems. The article analyzes the level of ecology worldwide. The basic environmental problems that have a negative impact in terms of all sectors of society. The main factors that cause negative impact on the environment are considered. Methods of pollution control at the level of the European Union and Ukraine are researched and offered. Ukraine's prospects for improving the environmental situation, which will help reach a new level in the world rankings, have also been identified.

scholarly journals ФОРМУВАННЯ ІННОВАЦІЙНОЇ ІНФРАСТРУКТУРИ НА ЗАСАДАХ ТРАНСКОРДОННОГО ПАРТНЕРСТВА

2019 ◽  
Vol 125 (4) ◽  
pp. 30-37
Author(s):  
Олена Володимирівна Зарічна
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Public Private Partnerships ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Business Incubators ◽  
Business Climate ◽  
Related Services ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Innovation Infrastructure ◽  
The One

The paper discusses the research findings on building innovation infrastructure in the framework of cross-border partnerships within the European vector of foreign economic relations development. The key strategic areas for creating business incubators and enhancing integration processes in terms of cross-border partnerships are identified. The alternative ways of funding innovative projects and providing support for innovation infrastructure in the context of cross-border collaboration in the form of public-private partnerships are suggested. The paper argues that public-private partnerships in cross-border cooperation involves not the whole spectrum of relations between communities within the territories of neighbouring states but only those that are associated with general use public infrastructure development and related services provision. Evidence is given that, on the one hand, cross-border infrastructure itself acts as an object of investment, and on the other one, is an essential prerequisite of investment attractiveness and economic growth. It is briefly explained that building an innovation infrastructure on the basis of cross-border partnerships will contribute to: improving the business climate and building environment for investments inflow into Ukrainian economic regions; increasing turnover, boosting small and medium entrepreneurship; creating and maintaining cross-border economic and business incubators, clusters, enhancing and further developing of infrastructure. It is specified that the integration of the developed innovation infrastructure with education, research and business brought together provides for building efficient industry innovation chains, implementing the full cycle of competitive scientific and technological product development – from a research idea to a large-scale manufacturing.

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