scholarly journals Hubungan ASI Eksklusif dengan Perkembangan Balita yang Memiliki Riwayat Berat Badan Lahir Rendah (BBLR) di Puskesmas Tanah Kali Kedinding Surabaya

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Hasniyah Rizka Kumala ◽  
Windhu Purnomo
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Simple Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Extra Food ◽  
History Of ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
The Relationship

Latar Belakang: Bayi dengan berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR) atau bayi yang lahir <2500g, memilikiperkembangan cenderung lebih lambat dibandingkan anak yang lahir dengan berat badan normal.Pada kasus BBLR sangat jarang diberikan ASI secara eksklusif karena keinginan ibu untukmenaikkan berat badan bayi secara cepat, sehingga diberikan makanan tambahan selain ASI. Balitadengan riwayat BBLR sangat beresiko mengalami gangguan tumbuh kembang.Tujuan: Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah menganalisis apakah ada hubungan antara ASI ekslusif denganperkembangan balita dengan riwayat BBLR di Puskesmas Tanah Kali Kedinding Kota Surabaya.Metode: Jenis penelitian analitik observasional yang bersifat cross sectional. Populasi ibu yangmemiliki bayi usia 12-36 bulan dengan riwayat Berat Badan Lahir Rendah sebanyak 34 responden,menggunakan tehnik simple random sampling ditemukan besar sampel 32 responden. Variabelindependen ASI eksklusif, variabel dependen pertumbuhan. Pengumpulan data menggunakankuesioner dan uji statistic menggunakan spearman.Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari penghitungan menggunakan uji spearman diperolehp=0, 000 yang berarti ada hubungan yang signifikan antara ASI eksklusif dengan perkembangan padabalita dengan riwayat BBLR.Kesimpulan: Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini semakin bayi diberi ASI eksklusif maka perkembanganbalita akan semakin baik.ABSTRACTBackground: Babies with Low Birth Weight or babies born ≤2500gr, having a development of tend tobe slower than children born with normal weight. In the case LBW was given exclusive breastfeedingrarely because the mother want to raised the baby weight quickly, so given extra food other thanbreastfeeding. The growth of toddler with LBW history is very at risk of growth disorder.Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between exclusivebreastfeeding with development of toddlers who had LBW history in Puskesmas Tanah Kali KedindingSurabaya The population involved the mother with a baby 12-36 months of age with a history of lowbirth weight as much as 34, respondents using simple technique random sampling found big 32respondents.Methods: This research using cross sectional approach. The independent variable, exclusive breastmilk the dependent variable growth and development. The collection of data using a questionnaire andtest it statistic use spearman correlation.Results: The results p value of test spearman p=0.000 which means significant exists correlationbetween breastfeeding exclusively with development.Conclusion: The conclusion this study, the more babies are given exclusive breastfeeding, the betterthe toddler's development will be.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN ANTARA TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN TENTANG IMPLANT DENGAN PEMAKAIAN KONTRASEPSI IMPLANT PADA AKSEPTOR DI BPS NY. HJ. FAROHAH DESA DUKUN GRESIK

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taqiyyah Barroh Thoyyib ◽  
Yunik Windarti
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Hormonal Contraceptive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Relationship

The purposed to find out the relationship between the knowledge about implant and implant contraceptive used of acceptors at BPS Farohah Gresik. Implant is one of hormone contraceptive methode with high effectiveness. But, know fact that there were acceptors refused to use implant. The caused factor is the less off acceptors knowledge about implant. Therefore, this research was purposed to find out the relationship between the knowledge about implant and implant contraceptive used of acceptors at BPS Farohah Gresik. The type of this research was analytic by cross sectional methode. The population involved 42 acceptors of hormonal contraceptive who attended on June at BPS Farohah Gresik. 38 respondents were taken as the samples using simple random sampling technique. The independent variable was knowledge where as, the dependent one was the used of implant. Questionnaires was used to collect the data. Analyzed by using MannWhitney test with the significance level α = 0,05. The result of this research showed that most of respondents (60,5%) had less knowledge and almost all respondents (89,5%) did not use implant. Furthermore, the statistic test has obtarned p = 0,039 < α = 0,05. So H0 was refused that there was a relationship between knowledge about implant and the used of implant contraceptive at BPS Farohah Gresik. The research concluded that the less of acceptors knowledge about implant. The used of this contraceptive is vower. Hence, the health workers should improve the counselling and implant extension to people.

scholarly journals Riwayat Komplikasi Maternal terhadap Insiden Kelahiran Prematur di RSUD Dr. H. Chadan Boesoirie Ternate

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
Siska Nawang Ayunda Maqfiro ◽  
Irmasanti Fajrin
Keyword(s):  
Premature Birth ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Neonatal Morbidity ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maternal Complication ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship

Premature birth is one of the most important factors in neonatal morbidity and mortality. Based on the survey shows an increase in the incidence of premature birth at dr. H. Chasan Boesoirie hospital in 2015-2017. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the history of maternal complication and the incidence of premature birth at dr. H. Chasan Boesoirie hospital used an analytic correlation research design with a cross-sectional approach. The population is all multiparity and grand multiparity at dr. H. Chasan Boesoirie hospital on January-December 2018, the sampling technique used simple random sampling, with the total sample are 196 respondents. The results show that 66,3% do not have the history of maternal complication and 85,7% do not have an incidence of premature birth. Then, that were analyzed using Spearman-rank. The results show that p-value is 0,001 (p-value<α). The conclusion that there is a relationship between the history of maternal complication and the incidence of premature birth at dr. H. Chasan Boesoirie hospital. So, it is necessary to provide information and education to pregnant women in order to plan their pregnancy well and build a referral system with primary care facilities.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Hypertension During Pregnancy And The Incidence Of Neonatory Asphysia In Kotamobagu Regional Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Sitti Nurul Hikma Saleh ◽  
Asmiati Asmiati ◽  
Hairil Akbar
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Regional Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

Asfiksia neonatorum adalah keadaan bayi baru lahir mengalami kegagalan bernafas spontan dan teratur. Asfiksia neonatorum merupakan urutan pertama penyebab kematian di negara berkembang yaitu sebesar 21,1%, salah satu penyebabnya dari faktor ibu yaitu preeklampsia dan eklampsia. Berdasarkan data di RSUD Kota Kotamobagu diperoleh data tahun 2018 kasus asfiksia sebanyak 23 kasus. Tahun 2019 asfiksia sebanyak 81 kasus. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis hubungan hipertensi saat hamil dengan kejadian asfiksia neonatorum di RSUD Kota Kotamobagu. Jenis penelitian adalah observasional analitik dan rancangan penelitian cross sectional. Lokasi penelitian RSUD Kota Kotamobagu. Populasi yaitu seluruh bayi yang lahir di RSUD Kotamobagu tahun 2019-2020 sebanyak 987 bayi. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 100 bayi. Teknik pengambilan sampel simple random sampling. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian ada hubungan hipertensi saat hamil berhubungan dengan kejadian asfiksia neonatorum di RSUD Kota Kotamobagu (p-value=0,025). Saran bagi ibu hamil untuk rutin melaksanakan kunjungan ANC untuk mendeteksi sedini mungkin apabila adanya kelahiran prematur dan post matur.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN BERAT BADAN LAHIR DAN STATUS GIZI BAYI UMUR 1-6 BULAN BERDASARKAN INDEKS BB/U

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Afita Rokhimawaty ◽  
Sri Umijati Martono ◽  
Tri Utomo
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
The Relationship

AbstrakLatar Belakang: Pada tahun 2012, persentase BBLR di Jawa Tengah sebesar 3,75%, naik menjadi sebesar 5,10% pada tahun 2015, dan kemudian turun menjadi 4,40% pada tahun 2016. Hal serupa juga terjadi di Kota Pekalongan. Namun angka kejadian gizi buruk di Kota Pekalongan mengalami kenaikan. Pada tahun 2015, di Kota Pekalongan ditemukan 29 kasus gizi buruk pada balita, dan menjadi 37 kasus pada tahun 2016. BBLR merupakan growth channels pada pertumbuhan anak. Pertumbuhan ini akan mempengaruhi status gizi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menentukan hubungan berat badan lahir dengan status gizi bayi umur 1-6 bulan berdasarkan indeks BB/U. Metode: Penelitian cross sectional ini dilakukan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Buaran, Kota Pekalongan. Variabel bebasnya adalah berat badan lahir dan variabel terikatnya adalah status gizi bayi umur 1-6 bulan berdasarkan indeks BB/U. Sampel penelitian ini adalah bayi umur 1-6 bulan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Buaran yang terpilih dan memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Sampel diambil selama Maret-April 2019 dengan menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Penilaian yang dilakukan menggunakan berat badan dan umur untuk menghitung nilai Z-score dari indeks BB/U berdasarkan standar WHO 2005. Penentuan hubungan kedua variabel dengan menggunakan Uji Pearson pada tingkat kemaknaan α = 0,05. Hasil: Sebesar 93,4% bayi memiliki berat badan lahir cukup. Prevalensi status gizi baik pada bayi umur 1-6 bulan berdasarkan BB/U adalah sebesar 92,1%. Berat badan lahir berhubungan dengan status gizi bayi umur 1-6 bulan berdasarkan indeks BB/U (p=0,004). Kesimpulan: Berat badan lahir berhubungan dengan status gizi bayi umur 1-6 bulan berdasarkan indeks BB/U. Abstract Background: In 2012, the percentage of LBW in Central Java was 3.75%, up to 5.10% in 2015, and then rose to 4.40% in 2016. The same thing happened in Pekalongan City. However, the number of malnutrition in Pekalongan City is increasing. In 2015, in Pekalongan City there were 29 cases of underweight in children under five, and 37 cases in 2016. LBW was a channel of growth in the growth of children. This change will improve nutritional status. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between birth weight and nutritional status of infants aged 1-6 months. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the working area of the Buaran Community Health Center, Pekalongan City. The independent variable is birth weight and the independent variable is the nutritional status of infants aged 1-6 months. The samples of this study were infants aged 1-6 months in the work area of the selected Buaran Health Center and fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Samples were taken during March-April 2019 using a simple random sampling technique. The assessment was carried out using body weight and age to calculate the Z-score from the WAZ index based on the 2005 WHO standard. Determination of the relationship between the two variables using the Pearson Test at the significance level α = 0.05. Results: 93.4% of babies have adequate birth weight. The prevalence of good nutritional status in infants aged 1-6 months based on WAZ is 92.1%. Birth weight is related to the nutritional status of infants aged 1-6 months based on the WAZ index (p = 0.004). Conclusion: Birth weight related to the nutritional status of infants aged 1-6 months based on index WAZ. 

scholarly journals PENGETAHUAN IBU TENTANG PENANGGULANGAN DIARE DENGAN PENATALAKSANAAN DIARE BALITA USIA 1-5 TAHUN

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chori Elsera ◽  
Wiwin Rohmawati ◽  
Parmiyati Parmiyati
Keyword(s):  
Survey Research ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
The Relationship

Mother's knowledge about prevention of diarrhea can cause diarrhea deteriorate that leads to death or getting better, depend on the management of diarrhea that mother do. The purpose of the present study is to find out the relationship between mother's knowledge on diarrhea prevention against treatment of diarrhea in children 1-5 years. This research method is a survey research with cross sectional approach and point-time models.The population of the study is all mothers who have children 1-5 years old in April 2015 amounted to 235 people. The sampling technique used was simple random sampling by lottery technique. The data is analyzing by Kendall tau. The results of the research are 22 respondents (46.8%) have good knowledge and management of diarrhea in children 1-5 years, 13 respondents (27.7%) have quite good knowledge and management of diarrhea in children 1-5 years, one respondent (2, 1%) lack of knowledge and management of diarrhea in children 1-5 years. There is a relationship between mother's knowledge on diarrhea prevention against treatment of diarrhea in children 1-5 years old at Jemowo village in 2015 with a p-value = 0.000 (p <0.05). The conclusion from this study showed there was relationship between mother's knowledge on diarrhea prevention against treatment of diarrhea in children 1-5 years old at Jemowo village in 2015. It is expected for mothers to increase knowledge and increase awareness in the prevention and treatment of diarrhea.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Obesity and Smoking to Hypertension Incidence

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 286
Author(s):  
Tifani Lasianjayani ◽  
Santi Martini
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACTHypertension is a disease that causes morbidity and mortality about 20–50% of all deaths. In the worldwide, about 927 people suffer hypertension and that number will be increase to 29,2 in 2025. Obesity and smoking are one of risk factors to hypertension incidence. The purpose of this research was to analayze the relationship between obesity and smoking to hypertension incidence. The cross sectional design is used in this research and involved 75 samples who ware selected from cardiology’s patients at Haji Hospital Surabaya by simple random sampling on May 2014. The variables are sex, obesity, and smoking behavior. In the smoking behavior data, the history of smoking, filters used, smoking periode, total cigarette, and types of cigarette are used. In this research, crosstabulation with Chi Square test is used on data analysis. There are 45 people (60%) had hypertension and 64,4% from sample with hypertension was women. The result of this research showed that there was a significant relationship between obesity and hypertension (p = 0,014) with coeffisient contingension about 0,299. Otherwise, there was no a significant relationship between history of smoking (p = 0,211), filters used (p = 0,378), smoking periode (p = 1,000), smoker criteria (p = 0,848), and types of cigarette (p = 0,673) to hypertension incidence. The conclution of this research was only obesity which had a relationship with hypertension incidence.Keywords: hypertension, sex, obesity, smoking behavior

scholarly journals Hubungan antara dukungan keluarga dengan perilaku perawatan hipertensi yang dilakukan oleh keluarga di rumah

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-88
Author(s):  
Elly Daziah ◽  
Sri Rahayu
Keyword(s):  
Family Support ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Caring Behavior ◽  
Correlational Research ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Relationship

Latar Belakang: Angka prevalensi hipertensi akan terus meningkat secara global dan diprediksikan pada tahun 2025 sebanyak 29% orang dewasa di seluruh dunia akan mengalami hipertensi. Hipertensi yang tidak mendapatkan penanganan yang baik akan menyebabkan komplikasi yang merupakan penyebab kematian nomor 5 pada semua kelompok umur. Agar terhindar dari komplikasi maka dibutuhkan dukungan keluarga untuk melakukan perawatan hipertensi.Tujuan: untuk mengetahui hubungan antara dukungan keluarga dengan perilaku perawatan hipertensi yang dilakukan oleh keluarga di rumah.Metode Penelitian: desain penelitian korelasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Sampel yang bersedia menjadi responden sejumlah 35 responden dengan teknik simple random sampling. Uji Chi-Square digunakan untuk menganalisa data.Hasil: Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara dukungan keluarga dengan perilaku perawatan hipertensi yang dilakukan oleh keluarga di rumah dengan nilai p-value = 0,003. Sedangkan bentuk dukungan keluarga yang berhubungan dengan perilaku perawatan hipertensi yang dilakukan oleh keluarga di rumah adalah dukungan instrumental (p-value = 0,001), dukungan informasi (p-value = 0,000) dan dukungan emosional (p-value = 0,004). Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa dukungan keluarga perlu diperhatikan dalam melakukan perawatan hipertensi di rumah.Kata kunci: dukungan keluarga, hipertensi, perilaku perawatan AbstractBACKGROUND: Hypertension prevalence rates will continue to increase globally and it is predicted in 2025 as many as 29% of adults worldwide will experience to have hypertension. Hypertension with inadequate treatment will cause complications which is the number fifth cause of death in all ages. In order to avoid complications, family support was required to treat hypertension. OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between family support and caring behavior of hypertension by families at homeMETHODS: Correlational research design with cross sectional approach was used. A sample of 35 respondents willing to join by simple random sampling. Chi-Square Test was used to analyze the data. RESULTS: There was a significant relationship between family support and caring behavior of hypertension by families at home with value p-value = 0,003. While the domain of family support which related to the caring behavior of hypertension are instrumental support (p-value = 0,001), informational support (p-value = 0,000) and emotional support (p-value = 0,004). Finally, it can be concluded that family support have to be considered in treating hypertension at home.Keywords:  caring behavior, family support, hypertension

scholarly journals Hubungan bullying dengan ketidakberdayaan pada remaja

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 159
Author(s):  
Tantri Widyarti Utami ◽  
Alma Fadilah ◽  
Livana PH
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Learned Helplessness ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Well Being ◽  
P Value ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

Bullying merupakan salah satu permasalahan yang terjadi pada remaja yang tidak hanya berampak terhadap harga diri saja tetapi juga terhadap pendidikan, kesejahteraan fisik dan mental.Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara bullying dan ketidakberdayaan pada remaja Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian cross sectional dengan metode simple random sampling yang melibatkan 231 siswa SMA. Instrument yang digunakan adalah instrument Revised Olweus Bully/Victim Questionairre (OBVQ), dan Learned Helplessness Scale. Sample menggunakan simple random sampling dengan kriteria inklusi remaja usia 15-17 tahun, berada  ditempat saat pengambilan data. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara bullying dan ketidakberdayaan pada remaja remaja (p value = 0,000). Kata kunci: Bullying , ketidakberdayaan, remaja. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BULLYING ANDHELPLESSNESS IN ADOLESCENT ABSTRACTBullying is one of the problems that occur in adolescents that is  not only affect to self-esteem but also on education, physical and mental health  well-being. The aim of te study was to determine the relationship between bullying andhelplessness in adolescent. This study used a cross sectional study design with a simple random sampling method involving 231 high school students. the instrument used is Revised Olweus Bully/Victim Questionairre(OBVQ), and Learned Helplessness Scale. Sample technique used simple random sampling with the inclusion criteria of adolescents aged 15-17 years, and is there when taking data.Data analyis used the chi square test . Results shown there was an relationship  between bullying and helplessness in adolescent (p value = 0.0001). Keywords: bullying, helplessness, adolescent 

scholarly journals THE RELATIONSHIP OF KNOWLEDGE ABOUT COVID-19 WITH COMMUNITY PERCEPTIONS OF THE COVID-19 VACCINATION PROGRAM

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Ninik Murtiyani ◽  
Yulianto Yulianto ◽  
Lailatul Adhimah
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Vaccination Program ◽  
Community Perceptions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: There are so many issues that affect information about the Covid-19 vaccine, such as safety and vaccines that have not been proven to be effective in preventing someone from being infected with Covid-19 again. Knowledge will also affect the public's perception of the Covid-19 vaccination program. Methods: The design of this study was a cross-sectional approach. with a population of 127 respondents and a sample of 96 people. The sampling method uses simple random sampling, data collection uses a questionnaire. The variables in this study are the dependent variable on perceptions of the Covid-19 vaccination program in the community and the independent variable on knowledge about Covid-19. Spearman Rho test with < 0.05. Result: respondents' knowledge (88.5%) is good. Respondents' perception of the COVID-19 vaccination program (90.6%) was positive. The results of the Spearman rho test showed = 0.018 < = 0.05. Conclusion: there is a relationship between knowledge about Covid-19 and the perception of the Covid-19 vaccination program in the community in Sumari Hamlet, Sumari Village, Sitsampeyan District, Gresik

scholarly journals PENGGUNAAN DIAPERS MEMPERLAMBAT KESIAPAN TOILET TRAINNING PADA TODDLER

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Kamariyah ◽  
Mutmilah Tukhusnah
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Statistical Test ◽  
Toilet Training ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
The Relationship

Toddlers should have been done the training to use the toilet, but in fact there were many mothers who did not teach about toilet training to her children because of that her children were still not able to implementation toilet training. Therefore, the research was purposed to analyze the relationship between the diapers using and the readiness of toilet training in toddler in RW 04 Keboan Anom village Gedangan district Sidoarjo regency. The design applied in this research was analytic cross sectional. The population involved 56 mothers having babies 18-36 months old in RW 04 Keboan Anom village Gedangan district Sidoarjo regency in which 49 respondents were taken as the samples by using the simple random sampling technique. The independent variable of this research is diapers using and dependent variable is the readiness of toilet training in toddler Moreover, the instruments used to collect the data were questionnaires. The collected data were then analyzed by applying Spearman’s Rank test with the level of significance α = 0,05. The results of research showed that nearly half of the 49 respondents (46.9%) use the diapers for 12-24 hours / day to her children and the majority (53.1%) had poor toilet training readiness. Based on result of the statistical test, it showed that ρ = 0,000 which meant that ρ < α = 0,05 so that H0 was rejected. Thus, it also proved that there was a relationship between the use of diapers and the readiness of toilet training in toddler. In conclusions, the higher frequency use of diapers can result in the bad effect for the child, they will have a lack toilet training readiness. The medics are expected to be more frequent for providing information about toilet training and for parents, they need to increase the guidance and the direction about toilet training to their children.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document