scholarly journals COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY AS A COMPONENT OF PREOPERATIVE PLANNING FOR METAL TRANSITIONAL SPINE FIXATION IN THE CORRECTION OF SCOLIOTIC DEFORMITIES BY HYBRID CONSTRUCTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-146
Author(s):  
I. A. Norkin ◽  
S. V. Likhachev ◽  
V. V. Zaretskov ◽  
V. B. Arsenievich ◽  
A. E. Shul’ga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Preoperative Planning ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Type I ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Intervention Planning ◽  
Ct Data ◽  
Personalized Approach ◽  
Spine Fixation

Objective:to assess whether computed tomography (CT) data can  be used for metal transitional spine fixation in patients with thoracic  and thoracolumbar scoliosis at the stage of surgical intervention planning.Material and methods.Thirty-nine patients with grades 3 and 4  (according to V.D. Chaklin) or type I–III (according to the  classification proposed by L. Lenke) thoracic and thoracolumbar idiopathic scoliosis were examined. All the patients  underwent a comprehensive radiographic and CT examinations. The  radiomorphometric features of the spine were used to plan surgical interventions.Results.The protocol was clarified for preoperative scoliosis examination using CT data on cervicothoracic and  thoracolumbar vertebrae. A personalized approach to planning an  operation on the basis of CT examination permits one to eliminate  destabilization of the supporting elements of the corrective system  at the most. Reducing the risk of postoperative losses of correction  contributes to the use of multi-rod constructs.Conclusion.CT that enables a comprehensive assessment of existing pathology and clarification of the nature of impending surgery should be carried out in patients with thoracic  and thoracolumbar idiopathic scoliosis at the stage of preoperative  planning for metal transitional spine fixation.

scholarly journals The use of 3D modeling to determine the parameters of surgical intervention for pulmonary tuberculosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
pp. 47-51
Author(s):  
E. A. Borodulinа ◽  
A. V. Kolsаnov ◽  
P. V. Rogozhkin ◽  
A. A. Mаnukyan
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
3D Modeling ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Bronchial Tree ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Color Mapping ◽  
Vascular Structures ◽  
Tomography Data

The clinical experience demonstrates the importance of 3D modeling when planning surgical intervention in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. The 3D model was built up based computed tomography data using Avtoplan software with plug-ins for segmentation of the lung, pathological foci, vascular structures, and bronchial tree. The data obtained during 3D modeling allowed us to plan surgery and the data were fully confirmed during the operation. The 3D model with color mapping reveals syntopy, which is extremely difficult to determine using standard computed tomography and allows the wider use of minimally invasive endoscopic surgical interventions.

scholarly journals Personalized preoperative planning in children with recurrent patellar dislocation severe

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
G. P Kotel’nikov ◽  
Yu. V Lartsev ◽  
A. K Povelihin ◽  
P. V Ryzhov ◽  
D. S Kudashev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Postoperative Period ◽  
Patellar Dislocation ◽  
Preoperative Planning ◽  
Recurrent Dislocation ◽  
Knee Joints ◽  
Lateral Projection ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
Personalized Approach ◽  
Severe Degree

The aim of the study: was to improve the results of treatment in children with recurrent severe patellar dislocation, through the development of a differentiated approach to preoperative planning. Material and Methods. In SLLP Clinics Samara state medical University from 2014 to 2018 was observed 54 patients with this disease. In 37 patients recurrent severe dislocation. The average age of patients is 14.2 years. The patients underwent postural radiography of the lower extremities, radiography of the knee joint in the lateral projection, computed tomography of the knee joints, computed tomography of the hip joints. Research patients measured parameters, confirming mnohopocetny dysplastic changes of the joint angle Q, the index Insall-Salvati, the congruence angle on Merchant and anticarsia of the femoral head. Because of the severe degree of the disease, bone plastic surgery is indicated. Patients underwent corrective supracondylar derotation-dialysisa osteotomy of the femur in combination with medialization and distalization of the tibial tuberosity. During this operation, it is possible to perform a correction in all three planes. Results. In the postoperative period, 32 patients have no complications, 1 patient has relapse, 4 patients have contracture. In the long-term postoperative period 86.5% of positive results and 13.5% of unsatisfactory results, which is much lower than 36.1% - the percentage of complications according to the medical literature. Conclusion. The proposed personalized approach in preoperative planning for recurrent dislocation of the patella of severe degree, allows you to choose the best option for surgery.

scholarly journals Doppler Ultrasound and Computed Tomography Angiography Application in Planning of Lower Extremities Perforator Flaps for the Reconstruction of Acquired Maxillofacial Defects (Case Report)

2021 ◽  
pp. 74-81
Author(s):  
A. A. Trefilov ◽  
E. V. Kryukov ◽  
V. N. Troyan ◽  
S. V. Tereshchuk ◽  
V. A. Suharev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
Computed Tomography Angiography ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Preoperative Planning ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Perforator Flap ◽  
Perforator Flaps ◽  
Donor Area

The study describes a clinical case of preoperative planning of an anterolateral femur perforator flap and a peroneal autograft to eliminate a maxillofacial defect. During preparation for the surgery, an anatomical feature of the structure of both extremities circulatory system was found, which did not allow full use of the donor area tissues for subsequent surgical intervention. This feature was identified by Doppler ultrasound, but the final picture became clear only due to the study by computed tomography angiography.

scholarly journals Computed Tomographic Semiotics of Apical Vertebrae in Patients with Idiopathic Scoliosis Aged from 14 to 18 years, Depending on the Magnitude of Spinal Deformity

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-27
Author(s):  
Yu. L. Zejnalov ◽  
G. V. Diachkova ◽  
A. V. Burtsev ◽  
K. A. Diachkov ◽  
I. V. Sutyagin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Multislice Computed Tomography ◽  
Preoperative Planning ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Scoliosis Treatment ◽  
Long Term Studies

Idiopathic scoliosis, as many authors think, being idiopathic in terms of not fully clear etiology of the disease, due to the most complicated long-term studies, has a certain theory of the pathogenesis of scoliosis, which includes the disharmony of the longitudinal growth of the spine and spinal cord and the formation of vertebral torsion. The application of various versions of modern vertebral instrumentation for 20 years made it possible to develop a differentiated approach to the choice of surgical intervention, taking into account the patient’s age and the peculiarities of the deformed spine. Nevertheless, the use of current diagnostic methods indicated that not all the details of the deformed vertebral structure have been studied, in particular the apical ones, that are usually more changed being at the apex of the deformity. The application of multislice computed tomography (MSCT) and current statistical methods made it possible to reveal the structural features of the apical vertebrae in the group of adolescent scoliosis (14–18 years old), that is important for increasing the effectiveness of preoperative planning and improving the results of idiopathic scoliosis treatment being one of the most difficult problems of the spine surgery.

Effectiveness of the Chiari Health Index for Pediatrics instrument in measuring postoperative health-related quality of life in pediatric patients with Chiari malformation type I

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Georgina E. Sellyn ◽  
Alan R. Tang ◽  
Shilin Zhao ◽  
Madeleine Sherburn ◽  
Rachel Pellegrino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Type I ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Health Index ◽  
Chiari Malformation Type I ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Over Time

OBJECTIVEThe authors’ previously published work validated the Chiari Health Index for Pediatrics (CHIP), a new instrument for measuring health-related quality of life (HRQOL) for pediatric Chiari malformation type I (CM-I) patients. In this study, the authors further evaluated the CHIP to assess HRQOL changes over time and correlate changes in HRQOL to changes in symptomatology and radiological factors in CM-I patients who undergo surgical intervention. Strong HRQOL evaluation instruments are currently lacking for pediatric CM-I patients, creating the need for a standardized HRQOL instrument for this patient population. This study serves as the first analysis of the CHIP instrument’s effectiveness in measuring short-term HRQOL changes in pediatric CM-I patients and can be a useful tool in future CM-I HRQOL studies.METHODSThe authors evaluated prospectively collected CHIP scores and clinical factors of surgical intervention in patients younger than 18 years. To be included, patients completed a baseline CHIP captured during the preoperative visit, and at least 1 follow-up CHIP administered postoperatively. CHIP has 2 domains (physical and psychosocial) comprising 4 components, the 3 physical components of pain frequency, pain severity, and nonpain symptoms, and a single psychosocial component. Each CHIP category is scored on a scale, with 0 indicating absent and 1 indicating present, with higher scores indicating better HRQOL. Wilcoxon paired tests, Spearman correlations, and linear regression models were used to evaluate and correlate HRQOL, symptomatology, and radiographic factors.RESULTSSixty-three patients made up the analysis cohort (92% Caucasian, 52% female, mean age 11.8 years, average follow-up time 15.4 months). Dural augmentation was performed in 92% of patients. Of the 63 patients, 48 reported preoperative symptoms and 42 had a preoperative syrinx. From baseline, overall CHIP scores significantly improved over time (from 0.71 to 0.78, p < 0.001). Significant improvement in CHIP scores was seen in patients presenting at baseline with neck/back pain (p = 0.015) and headaches (p < 0.001) and in patients with extremity numbness trending at p = 0.064. Patients with syringomyelia were found to have improvement in CHIP scores over time (0.75 to 0.82, p < 0.001), as well as significant improvement in all 4 components. Additionally, improved CHIP scores were found to be significantly associated with age in patients with cervical (p = 0.009) or thoracic (p = 0.011) syrinxes.CONCLUSIONSThe study data show that the CHIP is an effective instrument for measuring HRQOL over time. Additionally, the CHIP was found to be significantly correlated to changes in symptomatology, a finding indicating that this instrument is a clinically valuable tool for the management of CM-I.

HOSPITAL INFECTION IN SURGICAL DEPARTMENTS AT HUE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL IN 2015

2016 ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
Dinh Binh Tran ◽  
Dinh Tan Tran
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Hospital Infections ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Objective: To study nosocomial infections and identify the main agents causing hospital infections at Hue University Hospital. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study of 385 patients with surgical interventions. Results: The prevalence of hospital infections was 5.2%, surgical site infection was the most common (60%), followed by skin and soft tissue infections (35%), urinary tract infections (5%). Surgical site infection (11.6%) in dirty surgery. There were 3 bacterial pathogens isolated, including Staphylococcus aureus (50%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterococcusspp (25%). Conclusion: Surgical site infection was high in hospital-acquired infections. Key words: hospital infections, surgical intervention, surgical site infection, bacteria

Do People Trust in Robot-Assisted Surgery? Evidence from Europe (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Torrent-Sellens ◽  
Ana Jiménez-Zarco ◽  
Francesc Saigí-Rubió
Keyword(s):  
Technology Acceptance ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Predictor Variable ◽  
Major Change ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Robot Assisted ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Robot Assisted Surgery

BACKGROUND Increasingly intelligent and autonomous robots are destined to have a huge impact on our society. Their adoption, however, represents a major change to the healthcare sector’s traditional practices, which, in turn, poses certain challenges. To what extent is it possible to foresee a near-future scenario in which minor routine surgery is directed by robots? And what are the patients’ or general public’s perceptions of having surgical procedures performed on them by robots, be it totally or partially? A patient’s trust in robots and AI may facilitate the spread and use of such technologies. OBJECTIVE The goal of our study was to establish the factors that influence how people feel about having a medical operation performed on them by a robot. METHODS We used data from a 2017 Flash Eurobarometer (number 460) of European Commission with 27,901 citizens aged 15 years and over in the 28 countries of the European Union. The research designs and tests a technology acceptance model (TAM). Logistic regression (odds ratios, OR) to model the predictors of trust in robot-assisted surgery was calculated through motivational factors, robots using experience and sociodemographic independent variables. RESULTS The negative relationship between most of the predictors of ease of use, expected benefits and attitude towards robots, and confidence in robot-assisted surgery was contrasted. The only non-sociodemographic predictor variable that has a positive relationship with trust in robots participating in a surgical intervention is previous experience in the use of robots. In this context, we analyze the confidence predictors for three different levels of robot use experience (zero use, average use, and high use). The results obtained indicate that, as the experience of using robots increases, the predictive coefficients related to information, attitude and perception of robots become more negative. Research results also determined that variables of a sociodemographic nature played an important predictive role. It was confirmed that the effect of experience on trust in robots for surgical interventions was greater among men, people between 40 and 54 years old, and those with higher educational levels. CONCLUSIONS Despite the considerable benefits for the patient that the use of robots can bring in a surgical intervention, the results obtained show that trust in robots goes beyond rational decision-making. By contrasting the reasons that generate trust and mistrust in robots, especially by highlighting the experience of use as a key element, the research makes a new contribution to the state of the art and draws practical implications of the use of robots for health policy and practice.

The diagnosis of early pneumoconiosis in dust-exposed workers: comparison of chest radiography and computed tomography

2021 ◽  
pp. 028418512110225
Author(s):  
Hideyuki Hayashi ◽  
Kazuto Ashizawa ◽  
Masashi Takahashi ◽  
Katsuya Kato ◽  
Hiroaki Arakawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Chest Radiography ◽  
Pulmonary Emphysema ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Occupational History ◽  
Exposed Workers ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ct Data ◽  
Positive Results

Background Chest radiography (CR) is employed as the evaluation of pneumoconiosis; however, we sometimes encounter cases in which computed tomography (CT) is more effective in detecting subtle pathological changes or cases in which CR yields false-positive results. Purpose To compare CR to CT in the diagnosis of early-stage pneumoconiosis. Material and Methods CR and CT were performed for 132 workers with an occupational history of mining. We excluded 23 cases of arc-welder’s lung. Five readers who were experienced chest radiologists or pulmonologists independently graded the pulmonary small opacities on CR of the remaining 109 cases. We then excluded 37 cases in which the CT data were not sufficient for grading. CT images of the remaining 72 cases were graded by the five readers. We also assessed the degree of pulmonary emphysema in those cases. Results The grade of profusion on CR (CR score) of all five readers was identical in only 5 of 109 cases (4.6%). The CR score coincided with that on CT in 40 of 72 cases (56%). The CT score was higher than that on CR in 13 cases (18%). On the other hand, the CT score was lower than that on CR in 19 cases (26%). The incidence of pulmonary emphysema was significantly higher in patients whose CR score was higher than their CT score. Conclusion CT is more sensitive than CR in the evaluation of early-stage pneumoconiosis. In cases with emphysema, the CR score tends to be higher in comparison to that on CT.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional ultrasound for knee osteophyte depiction: a comparative study to computed tomography

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeria Vendries ◽  
Tamas Ungi ◽  
Jordan Harry ◽  
Manuela Kunz ◽  
Jana Podlipská ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Automatic Segmentation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Ultrasound ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Structured Light Scanner ◽  
Joint Surfaces ◽  
Operative Planning ◽  
Rms Error ◽  
Tissue Characteristics

Abstract Purpose Osteophytes are common radiographic markers of osteoarthritis. However, they are not accurately depicted using conventional imaging, thus hampering surgical interventions that rely on pre-operative images. Studies have shown that ultrasound (US) is promising at detecting osteophytes and monitoring the progression of osteoarthritis. Furthermore, three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound reconstructions may offer a means to quantify osteophytes. The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of osteophyte depiction in the knee joint between 3D US and conventional computed tomography (CT). Methods Eleven human cadaveric knees were pre-screened for the presence of osteophytes. Three osteoarthritic knees were selected, and then, 3D US and CT images were obtained, segmented, and digitally reconstructed in 3D. After dissection, high-resolution structured light scanner (SLS) images of the joint surfaces were obtained. Surface matching and root mean square (RMS) error analyses of surface distances were performed to assess the accuracy of each modality in capturing osteophytes. The RMS errors were compared between 3D US, CT and SLS models. Results Average RMS error comparisons for 3D US versus SLS and CT versus SLS models were 0.87 mm ± 0.33 mm (average ± standard deviation) and 0.95 mm ± 0.32 mm, respectively. No statistical difference was found between 3D US and CT. Comparative observations of imaging modalities suggested that 3D US better depicted osteophytes with cartilage and fibrocartilage tissue characteristics compared to CT. Conclusion Using 3D US can improve the depiction of osteophytes with a cartilaginous portion compared to CT. It can also provide useful information about the presence and extent of osteophytes. Whilst algorithm improvements for automatic segmentation and registration of US are needed to provide a more robust investigation of osteophyte depiction accuracy, this investigation puts forward the potential application for 3D US in routine diagnostic evaluations and pre-operative planning of osteoarthritis.

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