scholarly journals Análisis coste-beneficio de las estructuras inteligentes = Cost-benefit analysis of intelligent structures

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Felix Ruiz Gorrindo ◽  
Pau Martí Colom ◽  
Ariadna Llorens Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Smart Structure ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Intelligent Structures ◽  
Initial Cost ◽  
Net Benefits ◽  
The One

Resumen Definimos estructura inteligente como aquella estructura dotada de unos sensores (en especial continuos y de fibra óptica), de manera que es capaz de transmitir datos de interés sobre su estado de salud (deformaciones, fisuraciones, oxidaciones, etc.). Esta tecnología puede facilitar el mantenimiento preventivo de los edificios y la gestión de su salud estructural. Por ello, un aspecto de interés necesario a analizar para saber si la tecnología es aplicable o no, es evaluar su rentabilidad. Así, el objeto de este artículo es realizar un análisis coste-beneficio de las estructuras inteligentes, estudiando por un lado cuál es el incremento de coste inicial que supone la implementación de la propuesta, y por otro lado evaluar cuál es el ahorro de dinero a lo largo del tiempo que supone la aplicación de la misma, lo que permite establecer el periodo de retorno de la inversión inicial, y a partir de qué momento se pueden esperar beneficios netos. Abstract Smart structure is defined as that structure equipped with sensors (especially continuous and composed of fiber optic), so that it is capable of transmitting data of interest about its state of health (deformations, cracks, oxidations, etc.). This technology can facilitate the preventive maintenance of buildings and the management of their structural health. Therefore, an aspect of interest necessary to analyze in order to know if the technology is applicable or not, is to evaluate its profitability. Thus, the objective of this article is to perform a cost-benefit analysis of smart structures, studying on the one hand which is the initial cost increase involved in the implementation of the proposal, and on the other hand to evaluate which is the saving of money to over the time that the application of it represents, what allows to establish the payback period of the initial investment, and from which moment you can expect net benefits.

WELFARE-REDUCING GROWTH AND COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS: ESSAY IN MEMORY OF E.J. MISHAN

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (03) ◽  
pp. 1640013 ◽  
Author(s):  
YEW-KWANG NG
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
One Child Policy ◽  
Child Policy ◽  
Biased Sex Ratio ◽  
The One

Mishan’s emphasis on the costs of economic growth half a century ago is becoming more important in this era of environmental concerns. More recently, another possible source of immiserizing growth is the one-child policy (recently relaxed) of China. This resulted in a biased sex-ratio and higher competition to earn incomes (to increase the probability of getting a wife), resulting in positive effects on GDP but negative effects on welfare. The implications of welfare-reducing growth for cost-benefit analysis and the legalization of prostitution are also discussed.

Risk in Public Sector Project Appraisal: It Mostly Does Not Matter!

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 301-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Moore ◽  
Anthony E. Boardman ◽  
Aidan R. Vining
Keyword(s):  
Risk Premium ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Public Project ◽  
Aggregate Consumption ◽  
Project Appraisal ◽  
Expected Values ◽  
Net Benefits ◽  
Special Circumstances

Public project appraisal using cost-benefit analysis (CBA) requires analysts to project risky net benefits and to convert these into present values using a social discount rate (SDR). We consider which types of risk matter for CBA. For small projects with only idiosyncratic risks, expected net benefits should be discounted at a risk-free SDR. If projects are large or expected net benefits are correlated with aggregate consumption, the alternatives are to replace expected net benefits with their certainty equivalents (CEs) and to discount these at a risk-free SDR, or to discount expected net benefits using a higher SDR that includes a risk premium. These methods are equivalent under special circumstances that are unlikely; the first approach is the correct one. We examine when replacing expected values with CEs will matter, and how this might be done. For most projects, analysts should discount expected values of net benefits at a risk-free SDR.

A comparative cost-benefit analysis of mobile and sedentary pastoral production systems in selected villages in Northern Tanzania.

2020 ◽  
pp. 59-98
Author(s):  
Lucas E. Yamat ◽  
Claude G. Mung'ong'o
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Null Hypothesis ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Comparative Cost ◽  
Pastoral Production ◽  
To Come ◽  
The One

Abstract Despite a growing body of evidence that highlights the economic, social and environmental benefits of mobile pastoralism, few governments are ready to tolerate mobility and many policy makers promote knowingly or inadvertently the policies of sedentarization. This production system seems not to be clearly understood by many and has been characterized as backward, environmentally destructive and economically unsustainable; and the view is that it should be replaced with more sedentary forms of livestock production or other beneficial land uses. The overriding question is whether sedentary livestock keeping is more productive and utilizes fewer resources and less space than the mobile pastoral system. This study carried out a comparative cost-benefit analysis of the two production systems in selected villages of Kiteto and Karatu districts. The aim was to come up with credible data to test this hypothesis. Two alternatives were compared in terms of their net present value (NPV) to test a null hypothesis. The alternative with an NPV greater than zero or higher than its alternative was accepted to be more viable compared with the one with an NPV less than zero or less than its alternative. Whenever the NPV of the sedentary production system in the analysis was shown to be greater than zero and/or greater than the NPV of the mobile pastoral production system the null hypothesis was accepted and vice versa. The study was conducted in Makame village of Kiteto District and Dofa village of Karatu District. Makame village represents a mobile pastoral production system while Dofa village represents a sedentary production system. The study employed a quantitative approach using a household survey in the two villages. The comparative cost-benefit analysis was carried out using monetary values derived from the livestock unit statistical approach. The findings have revealed that the average cost of maintaining a mobile pastoral and sedentary production systems are TSh90,096,333 and TSh112,295,200, respectively. The cost-benefit ratios are 1:0.5 for a mobile pastoral production system and 1:0.25 for the sedentary one.

scholarly journals Analisis Kelayakan Proyek Investasi Teknologi Informasi menggunakan Metode Cost-Benefit Analysis pada Jumbo Swalayan Manado

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-91
Author(s):  
Ahmad Maulana Fikri ◽  
Bragatama Pertiwibowo ◽  
Dorce Berkat Tandirau ◽  
Enjellia Priscilla Br. Pangaribuan ◽  
Faisal Fachrureza
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Information Economics ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
Internal Rate Of Return ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Internal Rate

Setiap organisasi perlu dalam melakukan investasi teknologi informasi untuk memastikan kinerja TI yang lebih baik. Namun, kebutuhan dana untuk melakukan investasi teknologi informasi tidaklah sedikit. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan suatu analisis terkait investasi TI untuk memastikan kelayakan keputusan investasi TI. Pada penelitian ini, akan dilakukan analisis investasi teknologi informasi pada Jumbo Swalayan Manado. Data-data untuk melakukan analisis akan merujuk pada penelitian oleh Rembang, Chandra S. dkk (2012). Dalam penelitian sebelumnya, telah dilakukan analisis untuk mengtahui keefektifan sebuah investasi TI, dimana digunakan metode Information Economics (IE). Pada penelitian ini, akan dilakukan analisis untuk mengetahui kelayakan sebuah investasi TI menggunakan metode Cost-Benefit Analysis. Perhitungan yang akan dilakukan dalam penelitian ini antara lain Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Profitability Index (PI) dan Payback Period. Hasil yang didapatkan dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa proyek investasi teknologi informasi dinilai layak dan menguntungkan bagi Jumbo Swalayan Manado. Selain itu, 3 Bulan 9 Hari merupakan jangka waktu untuk mengembalikan dana investasi berdasarkan perhitungan yang dilakukan. Kata Kunci: Analisis Kelayakan, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Investasi Proyek TI .

scholarly journals Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA) Program Pemberian Makanan Tambahan (PMT) Susu Pada Karyawan di PT. Trisula Textile Industries Tbk Cimahi Tahun 2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayu Laili Rahmiyati ◽  
Asep Dian Abdillah ◽  
Susilowati Susilowati ◽  
Dinna Anggaraini
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Internal Rate Of Return ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Cost Rate ◽  
Textile Industries ◽  
Benefit Cost

Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA) digunakan untuk proses identifikasi, pengukuran dan perbandingan sosial manfaat dan biaya proyek atau program investasi dalam mengevaluasi penggunaan sumber daya ekonomi yang langka agar dapat digunakan secara efisien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perhitungan manfaat dan biaya dari program Pemberian Makanan Tambahan (PMT) susu di PT. Trisula Textile Industries Tbk Tahun 2018 dan untuk menetukan kelayakan akan keberlangsungan program atau kebijakan dari PMT susu. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif.Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara, observasi, dan telaah dokumen. Analisis perhitungan menggunakan Payback Period (PP), Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate Of Return (IRR), dan Benefit Cost Rate (BCR). Hasil perhitungan nilai NPV pada program PMT susu adalah Rp. 23.534.448,76,-. Kesimpulannya adalah program PMT susu dapat diterima karena NPV > 0. Hasil perhitungan rasio benefit-cost adalah sebesar 2,50 (hasil rasio ≥ 1), artinya program PMT susu tersebut layak untuk tetap berlangsung. PT. Trisula Textile Industries Tbk diharapkan dapat melanjutkan program PMT susu pada karyawan. Data dasar penelitian dapat dijadikan bahan kajian bagi perusahaan untuk menyusun program kesehatan atau peningkatan kesehatan bagi karyawan melalui PMT atau program lain yang lebih prioritas. 

scholarly journals Technical and economical viability of a greywater recycling system employing an integrated preliminary settlement & filtration process

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen ShiGuang ◽  
Chen QiuLi ◽  
Zhang Yu
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Filtration Process ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Recycling Systems ◽  
Benefit Cost

Abstract The collection and reuse of greywater has become an important strategy for achieving the goal of sustainable development. In this work, an integrated preliminary settlement and filtration process was developed for treating shower water which was obtained from a college bathroom toilet. The system's pollutant removal efficiency was examined for three different filter media: manganese sand, quartz sand and ceramsite. The results showed that for ceramsite, the average removal of turbidity, CODcr, NH3-N, and anionic surfactant was 93.3%, 68.6%, 78.9, and 83.5% respectively. For manganese sand, the values were 84.6%, 61.5%, 57.8 and 59%, while for quartz, they were 88.9%, 47.9%, 39.5% and 51.9%. A cost benefit analysis revealed that the payback period of greywater recycling systems ranges from 3.16–5.30 years and benefit-cost ratios are in the range of 1.23–1.67, depending on tank size. The proposed system provides a new strategy for enhancing water-use efficiency in buildings in a more decentralised way.

scholarly journals Techno-economics of Biochar and Biogas viability in Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
Eric Fifi Ankamah ◽  
Pax Davies Dzamboe ◽  
Patience Mamle Agbedor ◽  
Godfred Tottimeh ◽  
Joseph Yao Amoah
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Capital Cost ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Total Capital ◽  
Welfare Change ◽  
Benefits And Costs

Biogas and voucher are technological solutions that deal with sanitation and other environmental problems. The technology for producing biogas from faeces is termed bio-toilet and production of biochar from the same human waste is by means of Sol-char toilet. The study evaluated economic benefits and costs of sol-char toilet and compared with empirical benefits and costs estimates of bio-toilet. Cost Benefit Analysis was used to judge welfare change attribution of investment into Sol Char Toilet and Bio Toilet. The pyrolysis plant was fed with 4000 tons of faeces for which Sol char toilet incurred Total capital cost of US$ 3,140,940.38, Net Present Value (NPV) of US$9,718,817.4788, Profitability Index (PI) of 4.0942381271 and 1.4 years payback period. Bio toilet values for a total of 4000 m3 (100 units of 40 m3 each) were; - Total capital cost of US$ 36,026.05, NPV of US$89,152.75, PI of 3.4746 and 3.46 years payback period. Sol char toilet is faced with high capital requirement challenges, compared with an advantage in smaller payback period and a marginal difference in PI. The study concluded that complementary roles of sol char toilet and bio toilet in the Ghanaian economy is preferred.Keywords: Biogas; Biochar; Cost Benefit Analysis; Profitability Index; Payback period.

scholarly journals Cost-Benefit Analysis of a Children's Spectacle Reimbursement Scheme: Evidence for Including Children's Spectacles in Mongolia's Social Health Insurance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ai Chee Yong ◽  
Chimgee Chuluunkhuu ◽  
Ving Fai Chan ◽  
Tai Stephan ◽  
Nathan Congdon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Social Health Insurance ◽  
Vision Impairment ◽  
Social Health ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Reimbursement Scheme ◽  
Net Benefits

Background and aim: Globally, 12.8 million children have vision impairment due to uncorrected refractive error (URE). In Mongolia, one in five children needs but do not have access to spectacles. This cost-benefit analysis aims to estimate the net benefits of a children's spectacles reimbursement scheme in Mongolia. Methods: A willingness-to-pay (WTP) survey using the contingent valuation method was administered to rural and urban Mongolia respondents. The survey assessed WTP in additional annual taxes for any child with refractive error to be provided government-subsidised spectacles. Net benefits were then calculated based on mean WTP (i.e. benefit) and cost of spectacles. Results: The survey recruited 50 respondents (mean age 40.2 +/- 9.86 years; 78.0% women; 100% response rate) from rural and urban Mongolia. Mean WTP was US$24.00 +/- 5.15 (95% CI US$22.55 to 25.35). The average cost of a pair of spectacles in Mongolia is US$15.00. Subtracting the average cost of spectacles from mean WTP yielded a mean positive net benefit of US$9.00. Conclusion: A spectacle reimbursement scheme is a potentially cost-effective intervention to address childhood vision impairment due to URE in Mongolia. These preliminary findings support the inclusion of children's spectacles into existing Social Health Insurance. A much larger random sample could be employed in future research to increase the precision and generalisability of findings.

Radio Broadcasters and the Challenge of Television: A New Orleans Case

1980 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-329
Author(s):  
C. Joseph Pusateri
Keyword(s):  
New Orleans ◽  
Case History ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Chief Executive ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Classic Case ◽  
Broadcasting Station ◽  
Show Business ◽  
The One

This is a classic case history in entrepreneurship — the successful introduction of innovation — in which a conservative, contented chief executive of a richly successful AM broadcasting station, a manager whose real talents and interests lay entirely outside the field of “show business,” is pitted against another executive whose knowledge of electronic entertainment was profound. If any name can be given to the one trait that the former did not have and that the latter had in abundance and which, as Dean Pusateri shows, led on to victory, it was an enlightened enthusiasm of the kind that is not readily expressed in logical terms nor subjected to cost-benefit analysis. For WWL-TV, enthusiasm won, and the rest is history.

scholarly journals Spatial cost‐benefit analysis of blue restoration and factors driving net benefits globally

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phoebe Stewart‐Sinclair ◽  
Carissa Klein ◽  
Ian J Bateman ◽  
Catherine E. Lovelock
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Net Benefits
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