scholarly journals The effect of cluster thinning on phenolic maturity of Vitis vinifera cv. Xinomavro grapes

OENO One ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evangelos H. Soufleros ◽  
Konstantina Stavridou ◽  
Vagia Dagkli
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Control Plot ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Uv Spectrophotometry ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Tannin Content ◽  
Northern Greece ◽  
Cluster Thinning ◽  
Total Anthocyanins

<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Aims</strong>: The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of cluster thinning at veraison stage on berry phenolic maturity of the red Hellenic <em>Vitis vinifera</em> grape variety «Xinomavro » and more precisely on the anthocyanin content. It is noted that this variety is relatively poor in anthocyanins, but it has a high level of astringency.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Methods and results</strong>: This study was conducted in four experimental vine-plots within a vineyard located in the VQPRD area of Naoussa and more specifically at Giannakoxori Imathia (Northern Greece). Cluster removal was done manually on three vine-plots (the 4th one being the control) leaving one cluster per sprout (shoot). The sampling was started almost a month before grape-harvest and was repeated 2, 3 or 4 times during the ripening, depending on the vine-plot, with an interval of 3 to 7 days between each sampling. A total of 17 berry samples, coming from the vineyard mentioned above, were studied. The total phenols were assessed by UV spectrophotometry and the concentration of phenolic acids and catechin of seeds was determined by UV-HPLC.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Conclusions and significance of the study</strong>: The concentration of total anthocyanins during grape ripening in vine-plots that had been thinned out was increased compared to the control vine-plot. This increase varied from 52 to 89% for the study plots and 10% for the control plot. The skin tannin content was increased by 56.2 to 114% for plots that had been thinned out and only by 17.7% for the control plot. In contrary, the seed tannin content decreased during ripening by 27.2 to 50.6% compared to 23.5% for the control plot. As for phenolic acids and catechin in seeds, we conclude that catechin was the most abundant compound. Consequently, cluster thinning appeared to have contributed to the increase of the total phenolic content of the specific « Xinomavro » Greek variety and more precisely of the anthocyanins.</p>

scholarly journals Composition of Commercial Strawberry Cultivars and Advanced Selections as Affected by Season, Harvest, and Postharvest Storage

HortScience ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (9) ◽  
pp. 1134-1143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanina Perez Cayo ◽  
Steven Sargent ◽  
Cecilia do Nascimento Nunes ◽  
Vance Whitaker
Keyword(s):  
Cold Storage ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
University Of Florida ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Total Anthocyanins ◽  
The University ◽  
Strawberry Breeding

Strawberries are one of the most important food crops grown in Florida, with a harvested area of ≈10,000 acres. The University of Florida strawberry breeding program develops cultivars adapted to this region and its particular weather conditions, with a major aim of increasing overall quality. The objective of this study was to compare the fruit of advanced breeding selections to those of commercial cultivars, for compositional attributes. Seven different strawberry genotypes were compared at harvest and after 7 days at 4 °C across multiple harvest dates during two consecutive years. Compositional attributes were highly influenced by year, harvest date within a year, genotype, and storage. Overall, compared with other genotypes, selection FL 09-127 exhibited consistently higher soluble solids and total sugar (TS) contents at harvest and after cold storage. Higher ascorbic acid (AA) and phenolic contents at harvest were observed in selection FL 07-193. However, its anthocyanin content was among the lowest. In contrast, FL 10-47 exhibited relatively low AA content at harvest but consistently high total anthocyanins (TACs) and total phenolic (TP) contents after storage. Overall, results from this study provide valuable information to the breeding process by identifying new genotypes with improved compositional attributes combined with suitable quality characteristics after cold storage.

scholarly journals Seasonal variations in phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity ofCornus stoloniferaplant material: Applications in agriculture

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 725-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cara K. Isaak ◽  
Jay C. Petkau ◽  
O Karmin ◽  
Kim Ominski ◽  
Juan Carlos Rodriguez-Lecompte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Cornus Stolonifera ◽  
Total Anthocyanins

Isaak, C. K., Petkau, J. C., O, K., Ominski, K., Rodriguez-Lecompte, J. C, and Siow, Y. L. 2013. Seasonal variations in phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity of Cornus stolonifera plant material: Applications in agriculture. Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 725–734. The present study was carried out to establish the antioxidant capacity of plant material of Cornus stolonifera (syn. Cornus sericea, Red Osier Dogwood) grown in Manitoba, by measuring total phenolic content and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) over a 3-yr period. The presence and concentrations of flavonoids that might account for antioxidant abilities were investigated using ultra-performance liquid chromatography and a total anthocyanins assay. Both ORAC levels and phenolic content increased during the spring, peaked during the summer months (1631.65±166.30 µmol trolox equivalents g−1DW in July 2011, 220.38±2.29 mg gallic acid equivalents g−1DW in August 2012), and then declined during the fall in all 3 yr. Analysis of individual flavonoids in 2010 samples revealed that high levels of rutin, a glycoside of quercetin, were present ranging from 7.46±0.09 (July 2010) to 18.77±0.23 mg g−1dried sample (October 2010). Anthocyanin content was high in the spring, very low in the summer months, and increased in the fall over all 3 yr. Although polyphenolic and antioxidant content in Cornus spp. plants have been largely attributed to their berries, results from this study demonstrate that other plant material may also be an abundant source of these compounds.

scholarly journals LC-ESI-QTOF/MS Characterisation of Phenolic Acids and Flavonoids in Polyphenol-Rich Fruits and Vegetables and Their Potential Antioxidant Activities

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunhe Gu ◽  
Kate Howell ◽  
Frank R. Dunshea ◽  
Hafiz A. R. Suleria
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Tannin Content ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Plant Foods

Polyphenols are naturally occurring compounds found largely in fruits and vegetables. The antioxidant properties of these polyphenols including total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), tannin content, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical (DPPH), 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzo-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) scavenging abilities and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were measured among sixteen (16) plant foods (mango, blueberry, strawberry, black carrot, raspberry, dark grapes, garlic, ginger, onion, cherry, plum, apple, papaya, peach, pear and apricot) by modifying, standardising and translating existing antioxidant methods using a 96-well plate reader. Eighteen targeted phenolic acids and flavonoids were characterised and quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography-photometric diode array (HPLC-PDA) and verified by modifying an existing method of liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray-ionisation triple quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-QTOF/MS). While most of these compounds were accurately detected by the HPLC-PDA at a low concentration, a few polyphenols in low concentrations could be only be characterised using the LC-ESI-QTOF/MS method. Our results showed that mango possessed the highest overall antioxidant activity, phenolic acid and flavonoid content among the selected fruits. Factor analysis (FA) and Pearson’s correlation tests showed high correlations among ABTS, DPPH, FRAP and phenolic acids, implying the comparable capabilities of scavenging the DPPH/ABTS free radicals and reducing ferric ions from the antioxidant compounds in the samples. Phenolic acids contributed significantly to the antioxidant activities, and flavonoids contributed more to tannin content based on the correlations. Overall, methods modified and standardized in this study can provide better understanding of high throughput technologies and increase the reliability of antioxidant data of different plant foods.

scholarly journals Phenolic compounds and properties of antioxidants in grapevine roots (Vitis vinifera L.) under drought stress followed by recovery

2011 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanisław Weidner ◽  
Monika Karolak ◽  
Magdalena Karamać ◽  
Ryszard Amarowicz
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Caffeic Acid ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Fresh Matter

Grapevine seedlings<em> Vitis vinifera</em> were grown in a greenhouse under optimum conditions (soil moisture ca 70%) and under drought stress (soil moisture ca 35%). In addition, some of the plants subjected to drought underwent subsequent regeneration under optimum conditions. Drought stress caused accumulation of total phenolic compounds in grapevine roots, which may indicate that these compounds play an important role in the adaptation of roots to growth under stress conditions. Phenolic acids found in the roots occurred in the ester-bound form only. p-coumaric acid was present in the highest concentrations (6.2 to 10.5 µg/g fresh matter). The content of ferulic acid was lower, ranging from 2.4 to 4.6 µg/g fresh matter. The lowest concentration in grapevine roots was achieved by caffeic acid (2.4 to 2.9 µg/g fresh matter). The levels of p-coumaric and ferulic acids in roots rose significantly under the drought stress, while the concentration of caffeic acid increased during the post-drought recovery period. This may suggest that some of the phenolic acids protect plants under stress conditions. All the extracts from grapevine roots had antioxidative properties, but the antiradical activity of the extracts obtained from roots subjected to drought stress was inferior to the control. The same extracts were also characterised by depressed reducing power. The results imply that tolerance of grapevine to soil drought may be associated with the value of antioxidative potential in root tissues of these plants.

scholarly journals Anthocyanin Pigment and Total Phenolic Content of Three Vaccinium Species Native to the Pacific Northwest of North America

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 959-964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jungmin Lee ◽  
Chad E. Finn ◽  
Ronald E. Wrolstad
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Anthocyanin Pigment ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Total Anthocyanins

The total anthocyanin and total phenolic content of wild (samples from 4 populations) and cultivated (samples from 32 populations) Pacific Northwestern American Vaccinium species (V. membranaceum, V. ovalifolium, and V. deliciosum) were evaluated. The total monomeric anthocyanin content of all huckleberry samples analyzed ranged from 101 to 400 mg/100 g (expressed as cyanidin-3-glucoside), and the total phenolics varied from 367 to 1286 mg/100 g (expressed as gallic acid). Cluster analysis separated the samples into four different groups based on their anthocyanin and total phenolic content. Two groups had greater anthocyanin pigment and total phenolics; one consisted entirely of cultivated V. ovalifolium (LIG10, VAC485, VAC487, LIG33, LIG9, LIG2, and VAC349) and the other consisted of just cultivated V. membranaceum (LIG25). Significant variations in total anthocyanins, total phenolics, and the ratio of the total anthocyanins and total phenolics were observed among the different V. membranaceum, V. ovalifolium, and V. deliciosum populations cultivated in the Willamette Valley, Ore. The profile of the individual anthocyanins of the wild V. membranaceum, wild V. ovalifolium, and V. corymbosum `Rubel' were conducted by high-performance liquid chromatography. The chromatograms of V. membranaceum, V. ovalifolium, and `Rubel' were distinctly different in the amounts of delphinidin, cyanidin, and malvidin glycosides.

scholarly journals Impact of Germination Time on Resveratrol, Phenolic Acids, and Antioxidant Capacities of Different Varieties of Peanut (Arachis hypogaea Linn.) from China

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1714
Author(s):  
Ziying Zhou ◽  
Zhili Fan ◽  
Maninder Meenu ◽  
Baojun Xu
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Phenolic Profile ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Germination Time ◽  
Antioxidant Capacities ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power ◽  
Highly Correlated

In China, peanut sprouts are popular among consumers as functional vegetables. This study reports the change in total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), monomeric anthocyanin content (MAC), vitamin C, trans-resveratrol content, antioxidant capacities, and phenolic profile of three different varieties of peanut during 8 days of germination. The TPC, TFC, and antioxidant capacity of peanut samples were reduced and then increased with an increase in germination time. TFC values were highly correlated with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) values. MAC values of peanuts were first increased and then decreased during 8 days of germination. The TFC, DPPH, and FRAP values of germinated peanuts were lower compared to the non-germinated peanut. Germination of peanut samples enhanced the total phenolic acids and trans-resveratrol content, but the vitamin C content of peanut sprouts was lower than ungerminated peanuts.

scholarly journals Nutrient Supplementation Configures the Bioactive Profile and Production Characteristics of Three Brassica L. Microgreens Species Grown in Peat-Based Media

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 346
Author(s):  
Christophe El-Nakhel ◽  
Antonio Pannico ◽  
Giulia Graziani ◽  
Marios C. Kyriacou ◽  
Anna Gaspari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Brussels Sprouts ◽  
Nutrient Supplementation ◽  
Total Anthocyanins ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
Production Characteristics

Brassica L. microgreens are a fresh microscale vegetable crop of high antioxidant value and naturally dense in nutrients without the intervention of biofortification or genetic engineering. A climate chamber experiment on peat-based substrate was set up to test microgreens growth and accumulation of secondary metabolites in response to nutrient supplementation. Microgreens mineral content was analyzed through ion chromatography and total ascorbic acid through UV-Vis spectrophotometry, while carotenoids and phenolic acids were quantified by HPLC-DAD and UHPLC-HRMS, respectively. Brussels sprouts and cabbage yield was only reduced by 10%, while nitrate was reduced by 99% in the absence of nutrient supplementation. Rocket yield was prominently reduced by 47%, with a corresponding nitrate reduction of 118%. Brussels sprouts secondary metabolites were not improved by the absence of nutrient supplementation, whereas cabbage microgreens demonstrated a 30% increase in total ascorbic acid and a 12% increase in total anthocyanins. As for rocket, the absence of nutrient supplementation elicited an extensive increase in secondary metabolites, such as lutein (110%), β-carotene (30%), total ascorbic acid (58%) and total anthocyanins (20%), but caused a decrease in total phenolic acids. It is hereby demonstrated that growing microgreens on a commercial peat-based substrate without nutrient supplementation can be feasible for certain species. Moreover, it might elicit a species-dependent spike in bioactive secondary metabolites.

scholarly journals The Total Antioxidant Capacity and the Total Phenolic Content of Rice Using Water as a Solvent

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
C. Priyanthi ◽  
R. Sivakanesan
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Condensed Tannin ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Tannin Content ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Background. The present study evaluates the antioxidant properties of some Sri Lankan red rice varieties using water extracts. Methods. Water extracts of rice varieties Attakkari, Bg2907, and Bg407 were used in this study. The total antioxidant capacity was measured by ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, and reducing power assays. The total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), monomeric anthocyanin, and condensed tannin contents were measured by Folin-Ciocalteu, aluminium chloride, pH differential, and vanillin assays, respectively. Results. It was observed that mean FRAP, DPPH, reducing power, TPC, TFC, monomeric anthocyanin content, and condensed tannin content were in the range of 0.561 ± 0.113 to 0.695 ± 0.077   mmol / 100   g fresh weight (FW), 26.07 ± 3.08 to 53.66 ± 7.61   mg / mL   FW , 33.49 ± 4.105.14 to 40.81 ± 3.65   mg / mL , 0.676 ± 0.078 to 0.900 ± 0.057   mg tannic acid equivalent (TAE)/g, 5.36 ± 0.75 to 6.38 ± 0.82   mg   TAE / g   FW , 0.0202 ± 0.005 to 0.0292 ± 0.009   mg / g   FW , and 0.078 ± 0.015 to 0.104 ± 0.017   mg   TAE / g   FW , respectively. Significant differences were observed in DPPH, reducing power, and TPC among rice varieties ( p < 0.05 ). Rice variety Attakkari had the highest total antioxidant capacity (TAC), scavenging activity, reducing power, TPC, TFC, monomeric anthocyanin content, and condensed tannin content followed by Bg2907 and Bg406. Conclusion. Total phenolic compounds, total flavonoid, and condensed tannin are the major antioxidants in all three varieties of rice while the monomeric anthocyanin is only a minor antioxidant.

scholarly journals Silicates of Potassium and Aluminium (Kaolin); Comparative Foliar Mitigation Treatments and Biochemical Insight on Grape Berry Quality in Vitis vinifera L. (cv. Touriga National and Touriga Franca)

Biology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Rupesh Kumar Singh ◽  
Jessica Afonso ◽  
Marta Nogueira ◽  
Ana A. Oliveira ◽  
Fernanda Cosme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Grape Berry ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Sunshine Hours ◽  
Berry Quality ◽  
Total Anthocyanins ◽  
Berry Composition ◽  
Monomeric Anthocyanins

Grapevine physiology is influenced by several environmental factors, such as temperature, precipitation, potential evapotranspiration, and sunshine hours. Due to climatic changes, effects in grapevine physiology and consequently on the grape berry composition and quality have been observed. This work aims to make a comparative study of the effect of foliar mitigation treatment with kaolin (5%) and potassium silicates (0.1% and 0.05%) on the grape berry quality; namely on berry weight, pH, probable alcohol, total phenolics, tannins, total anthocyanins, monomeric anthocyanins, calcium, potassium, and magnesium composition from Portuguese grapevines (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Touriga Nacional and Touriga Franca). The results suggested that the phenolic composition and anthocyanin content differs between treatments while other parameters showed distinct behavior among the different applications. Qualitative parameters observed in the present study suggested non-significant changes upon both the applications.

scholarly journals Correlations Between Phenolic Composition and Perceived Astringency of Wines

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 8020
Author(s):  
Kyeong-Ok Choi ◽  
Dong Hoon Lee ◽  
Seo Jun Park ◽  
Dongjun Im ◽  
Youn Young Hur
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Tannin Content ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Total Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Grape Breeding

The astringent sensation of wines is attributable to the composition and concentration of phenolic compounds. However, in many cases, experimental results have shown a gap in relation to sensory astringency. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationships between the experimental evidence of astringent attributes and perceived astringency. To this end, the concentrations of phenolic compounds, namely, the total phenolic content (TPC), the polymeric tannin content (PTC), the proanthocyanidin content (PAC) and the total anthocyanin content (TAC), in wines made from a variety of grape breeding lines were estimated and their relationships to perceived astringency were evaluated. The TPC and the PTC showed strong positive correlations with perceived astringency. In contrast, the PAC showed a moderate correlation with perceived astringency, which was lower than that shown by the PTC despite their similar phenolic compositions. Unlike the other attributes, the TAC showed a weak correlation with perceived astringency. We concluded that the TPC and the PTC showed good correlations with perceived astringency and could be used as an index for predicting the astringency of wines.

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