scholarly journals Nutrient Supplementation Configures the Bioactive Profile and Production Characteristics of Three Brassica L. Microgreens Species Grown in Peat-Based Media

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 346
Author(s):  
Christophe El-Nakhel ◽  
Antonio Pannico ◽  
Giulia Graziani ◽  
Marios C. Kyriacou ◽  
Anna Gaspari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Brussels Sprouts ◽  
Nutrient Supplementation ◽  
Total Anthocyanins ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
Production Characteristics

Brassica L. microgreens are a fresh microscale vegetable crop of high antioxidant value and naturally dense in nutrients without the intervention of biofortification or genetic engineering. A climate chamber experiment on peat-based substrate was set up to test microgreens growth and accumulation of secondary metabolites in response to nutrient supplementation. Microgreens mineral content was analyzed through ion chromatography and total ascorbic acid through UV-Vis spectrophotometry, while carotenoids and phenolic acids were quantified by HPLC-DAD and UHPLC-HRMS, respectively. Brussels sprouts and cabbage yield was only reduced by 10%, while nitrate was reduced by 99% in the absence of nutrient supplementation. Rocket yield was prominently reduced by 47%, with a corresponding nitrate reduction of 118%. Brussels sprouts secondary metabolites were not improved by the absence of nutrient supplementation, whereas cabbage microgreens demonstrated a 30% increase in total ascorbic acid and a 12% increase in total anthocyanins. As for rocket, the absence of nutrient supplementation elicited an extensive increase in secondary metabolites, such as lutein (110%), β-carotene (30%), total ascorbic acid (58%) and total anthocyanins (20%), but caused a decrease in total phenolic acids. It is hereby demonstrated that growing microgreens on a commercial peat-based substrate without nutrient supplementation can be feasible for certain species. Moreover, it might elicit a species-dependent spike in bioactive secondary metabolites.

scholarly journals Carotenoids, Polyphenols, and Ascorbic Acid in Organic Rosehips (Rosa spp.) Cultivated in Lithuania

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 5337
Author(s):  
Brigita Medveckienė ◽  
Jurgita Kulaitienė ◽  
Elvyra Jarienė ◽  
Nijolė Vaitkevičienė ◽  
Ewelina Hallman
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Active Substance ◽  
Phenolic Acid ◽  
Polyphenolic Compounds ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Organic Farm ◽  
Β Carotene

Carotenoids, polyphenols, and ascorbic acid are valuable and important biologically active compounds that contribute to the health benefits of different foods, and rosehips are known for their high biologically active substance contents. The aim of this research is to identify and compare the contents of carotenoids, polyphenols, and ascorbic acid in the flesh and seeds of different rosehip species grown organically. A field experiment was conducted during the period 2017–2018 on an organic farm in Lithuania. Rose fruits were collected at full ripening in September. The quantitative and qualitative determinations of polyphenols and carotenoids in rosehips flesh and seeds were conducted by HPLC methods. The following polyphenolic compounds were identified: five different flavonoids (rutin, kaempferol-3-O-glucoside, luteolin, quercetin, and quercetin-3-O-glucoside) and five phenolic acids (gallic, chlorogenic, caffeic, p-coumaric, and ferulic) from different rose fruit fleshes and seeds species. In addition, six carotenoids (β-carotene, α-carotene, lutein, zeaxanthin, cis-lycopene, and trans-lycopene) in rosehip flesh and five different carotenoids in rosehip seeds (α-carotene, lutein, zeaxanthin, cis-lycopene, and trans-lycopene) were identified. Overall, the results of this study demonstrate that the highest content of total phenolic acid is in rosehip seeds, while higher concentrations of carotenoids, flavonoids, and ascorbic acid are present in rosehip flesh.

scholarly journals Bioactive Compounds, Vitamins and Minerals Composition of Freeze-dried Grewia asiatica L. (Phalsa) Pulp and Seed Powder

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiran Bala ◽  
Aradhita Barmanray
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
Total Phenols ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Total Anthocyanins ◽  
Β Carotene

Present study was directed to analyze and compare the bioactive compounds (total phenols, total anthocyanins), vitamins (ascorbic acid, β-carotene, vitamin A), minerals including Ca, Mg, Na, P, K, Fe, Cu, Zn, Co, Mn and heavy metals (Cd, Hg, Pb) of freeze-dried (lyophilized) phalsa pulp and seed powder. In lyophilized pulp powder (LPP) higher amount of total phenols (78.11 mg/100g), total anthocyanin (82.94 mg/100g), ascorbic acid (5.21 mg/100g), β-carotene (0.54 µg/100g), vitamin A (0.89 I.U.) were observed than lyophilized seed powder (LSP). Na, K, Mg and Co (0.41, 0.39, 1.08, 0.46 mg/100g, respectively) were higher in LPP as compared to LSP (0.29, 0.11, 0.76 and 0.40 mg/100g, respectively) whereas, Ca, P and Cu were detected more in LSP. This study opens the prospect of using dry phalsa powder in the preparation of various nutraceutical and functional foods for their therapeutic as well as prophylactic purposes.

ASCORBIC ACID AND CAROTENE VALUES OF NATIVE EASTERN ARCTIC PLANTS

1967 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. 1859-1862 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Hoffman ◽  
F. S. Nowosad ◽  
W. J. Cody
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Native Plants ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Far North ◽  
Arctic Plants ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Β Carotene

Leaves, stems, roots, and berries of a number of native plants which were collected in the Ungava Bay region of northern Quebec were analyzed for ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and β-carotene (vitamin A) in a laboratory set up near Fort Chimo.The results indicated that some plants from the Eastern Arctic were remarkably vitamin-rich. These findings demonstrated that wild plants represent a valuable natural resource which might be utilized under survival conditions or as required to ensure proper nutrition in the far North.

scholarly journals Influence of Chitosan-Based Coatings with UV Irradiation on Quality of Strawberry Fruit During Cold Storage

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erdinç Bal
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Strawberry Fruit ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Total Anthocyanins ◽  
Uv C

The objective of this work was to determine the effects of UV-C and chitosan coatings, alone or in conjunction, on the quality of strawberry fruit during storage. The treated fruits were examined for weight loss, respiration rate, soluble solids content, titratable acidity, ascorbic acid contents, total anthocyanins, total phenolic contents, decay incidence and sensory analysis of strawberry fruit were investigated during cold storage 1±0.5°C and 90±5% RH for 15 days. The result showed that chitosan coating with UV-C irradiation could further reduce decay incidence of strawberry fruit, restrain increase of respiration rate and weight loss of strawberry fruit compared to other treatments. Moreover, the total anthocyanins and total phenolic contents were maintained at higher level, and the decrease of ascorbic acid was restricted during storage period. Likewise, sensory analysis results also showed the effectiveness of UV-C + chitosan treatment by retaining the quality of strawberry fruit. Control and individual UV-C treatment had similar effects on respiration rate and weight loss. The results showed that UV-C + chitosan treatment can be an effective method for enhancing the phytochemical content and delaying fruit senescence of strawberry fruit during cold storage.

scholarly journals Metabolic Profiling and Chemical-Based Antioxidant Assays of Green and Red Lettuce (Lactuca sativa)

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1801300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Ha Park ◽  
Hyeon Ji Yeo ◽  
Thanislas Bastin Baskar ◽  
Jae Kwang Kim ◽  
Sang Un Park
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Metabolite Profiling ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Peroxide Radical ◽  
Β Carotene

Lettuce ( Lactuca sativa) is an important leaf vegetable crop worldwide. The total phenolic content was higher in the red skirt methanol extracts with a level of 64.9 ± 0.3 mg GA/g, and phenolic content of green skirt was 49.4 ± 0.3 mg GA/g. The total flavonoid content in the methanol extract of red skirt showed the highest concentration (291.6 ± 9.0 mg rutin/g), followed by green skirt (223 ± 9.8 mg rutin/g). The red skirt showed a higher content of anthocyanin (23.7 ± 0.8 mg/100 g) compared to the green skirt (7.4 ± 0.9 mg/100 g). Seven carotenoids i.e., lutein, β–carotene, 9 Z–β–carotene, 13 Z–β–carotene, violaxanthin, zeaxanthin, and α–carotene were detected in both cultivars. The polar metabolites are strongly associated with the metabolites that participate in the TCA cycle. Correlations between primary and secondary metabolites were easily achieved by gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOFMS)-based metabolite profiling method. Red skirt methanol extract showed 77.5 ± 0.4% 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) activity, 50.8 ± 0.8% hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging assay and absorbance value (0.052) reducing power assay at 250 μL/mL, having significantly higher activity than the green skirt extract. The red lettuce extract also showed higher levels of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and anthocyanins, and it possesses more antioxidant properties compared to the green skirt extract. In this study we compared two cultivars of lettuce, red skirt and green skirt, for various nutritional parameters and to understand the association of secondary metabolites with their corresponding primary metabolites. From the overall analysis, it is confirmed that GC-TOFMS-based metabolite profiling is an appropriate method for determining biochemical reactions and also acts as a combined resource to understand primary and secondary metabolism.

scholarly journals Effects of Native Arbuscular Mycorrhizae Isolated on Root Biomass and Secondary Metabolites of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan-Hong Wu ◽  
Hai Wang ◽  
Min Liu ◽  
Bo Li ◽  
Xin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizae ◽  
Salvia Miltiorrhiza ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Symbiotic Associations ◽  
Acaulospora Laevis ◽  
Metabolites Production

Arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMFs) are a group of soil-dwelling fungi that form symbiotic associations with plants, to mediate the secondary metabolism and production of active ingredients in aromatic and medicinal plants. Currently, there is little research on Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. inoculation with native AMFs and the concomitant effects on growth and secondary metabolites. In this study, S. miltiorrhiza was treated with eight AMFs, i.e., Glomus formosanum; Gl. tenebrosum; Septoglomus constrictum; Funneliformis geosporum; Rhizophagus manihotis; Ambispora gerdemanii; Acaulospora laevis; Ac. tuberculata, to investigate the influence of AMF inoculation on biomass and secondary production under greenhouse conditions in S. miltiorrhiza roots. The results showed that mycorrhiza formation rates were between 54.83 and 86.10%. Apart from Ac. laevis and Gl. tenebrosum treatment, the roots biomass of the other treatment groups was effectively increased, and the fresh and dry weight of the plant inoculated with Fu. geosporum were increased by 86.76 and 86.95%, respectively. Specifically, AMF treatments also impacted on phenolic acids production; inoculation with both Fu. geosporum or Ac. laevis significantly reduced total phenolic acids, whereas the other treatments effectively increased these levels, of which Gl. formosanum generated significant levels. Most AMF-plant symbiotic experiments facilitated phenolic acid accumulation in the secondary metabolites of S. miltiorrhiza (except Ac. laevis). This study showed that most native AMFs inoculation with S. miltiorrhiza promoted roots growth and increased secondary metabolites production (especially phenolic acids). Going forward, inoculation of native AMF is a promising method to improve the quality and yield of S. miltiorrhiza and should be considered during production.

Microchemical Components and Antioxidant Activity of Different Morphological Parts of Thai Wild Purslane (Portulaca oleracea)

Weed Science ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 182-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sirithon Siriamornpun ◽  
Maitree Suttajit
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Phenolic Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Β Carotene

Purslane weed has long been used for animal feed in Thailand but has been underutilized, and no published data exist on the chemical and nutritional qualities of Thai wild purslane. In this study, we aimed to determine the microchemical components of purslane stem, leaf, and flower, including the phenolic acid, flavonoid, ascorbic acid, β-carotene, and fatty acid content. The water extract of the flower fraction contained the highest total phenolic acid content and had the highest O2-scavenging activities, whereas leaf contained the highest amount of total flavonoids and ascorbic acid. The β-carotene content was not significantly different in leaf and flower fractions but was significantly greater than that in stem (P < 0.05). The predominant phenolic acid was chlorogenic acid for all fractions. Rutin was the major flavonoid found in leaf, and myricetin was highest in flower and stem. Alpha linolenic acid (18:3n-3) content ranged from 16% (149 mg per 100-g sample) of total fatty acid in stem to 50% (523 mg per 100-g sample) in leaf. We suggest that Thai wild purslane could be considered a nutritional source for animal feed or an excellent vegetable in the human diet.

scholarly journals Evaluation of biochemical and tasting parameters of Prunus cerasus L. fruits

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-57
Author(s):  
Natallia Y. Kolbas ◽  
Aliaksandr P. Kolbas ◽  
Andrei S. Domas ◽  
Dejan Prvulović
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Sour Cherry ◽  
Prunus Cerasus ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Total Anthocyanins ◽  
Organoleptic Parameters

Data on the effect of the content of phenolic compounds, including anthocyanins, phenolic acids and flavonols on the organoleptic parameters of fruits of 9 varieties of sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) are presented in this article. The total phenolic content varied from 72.52 to 180.61 mg of gallic acid per 100 g of fresh weight (FW) fruit. The total anthocyanins content varied from 32.69 to 259.45 mg of cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside, the total phenolic acids content varied from 48.45 to 75.20 mg of caffeic acid and the total flavonols content varied from 8.53 to 21.46 mg of quercetin per 100 g of FW fruit. The anthocyanins and sugars content of significantly affect in the tasting parameters of sour cherry fruits.

scholarly journals The effect of cluster thinning on phenolic maturity of Vitis vinifera cv. Xinomavro grapes

OENO One ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evangelos H. Soufleros ◽  
Konstantina Stavridou ◽  
Vagia Dagkli
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Control Plot ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Uv Spectrophotometry ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Tannin Content ◽  
Northern Greece ◽  
Cluster Thinning ◽  
Total Anthocyanins

<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Aims</strong>: The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of cluster thinning at veraison stage on berry phenolic maturity of the red Hellenic <em>Vitis vinifera</em> grape variety «Xinomavro » and more precisely on the anthocyanin content. It is noted that this variety is relatively poor in anthocyanins, but it has a high level of astringency.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Methods and results</strong>: This study was conducted in four experimental vine-plots within a vineyard located in the VQPRD area of Naoussa and more specifically at Giannakoxori Imathia (Northern Greece). Cluster removal was done manually on three vine-plots (the 4th one being the control) leaving one cluster per sprout (shoot). The sampling was started almost a month before grape-harvest and was repeated 2, 3 or 4 times during the ripening, depending on the vine-plot, with an interval of 3 to 7 days between each sampling. A total of 17 berry samples, coming from the vineyard mentioned above, were studied. The total phenols were assessed by UV spectrophotometry and the concentration of phenolic acids and catechin of seeds was determined by UV-HPLC.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Conclusions and significance of the study</strong>: The concentration of total anthocyanins during grape ripening in vine-plots that had been thinned out was increased compared to the control vine-plot. This increase varied from 52 to 89% for the study plots and 10% for the control plot. The skin tannin content was increased by 56.2 to 114% for plots that had been thinned out and only by 17.7% for the control plot. In contrary, the seed tannin content decreased during ripening by 27.2 to 50.6% compared to 23.5% for the control plot. As for phenolic acids and catechin in seeds, we conclude that catechin was the most abundant compound. Consequently, cluster thinning appeared to have contributed to the increase of the total phenolic content of the specific « Xinomavro » Greek variety and more precisely of the anthocyanins.</p>

scholarly journals Bioactive Compound Contents and Antioxidant Activity of of Fermented Lead Tree (Leucaena leucocephala (lmk.) de Wit) Seeds

Molekul ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 194
Author(s):  
Venty Suryanti ◽  
Soerya Dewi Marliyana ◽  
Gracia Lasma Rohana ◽  
Elyna Wahyu Trisnawati ◽  
Widiyanti Widiyanti
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Leucaena Leucocephala ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Tree Seeds ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
Tree Seed

Leucaena leucocephala (lmk.) de Wit) (leed tree) seeds have been fermented by Indonesian as a traditional food which is called tempeh. The fermentation products of legume seeds are good functional foods, since they contain many bioactive compounds. The objective of this study was to determine the bioactive compound contents of fermented lead tree seed, such as total phenolic, ascorbic acid, β-carotene and a-tocopherol. Antioxidant activity testing was carried out using the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) method. Analysis of total phenolics, ascorbic acid, β-carotene and a-tocopherol were carried out using the folin-ciocalteu method, iodine titration, spectrophotometry and iron (III) chloride-thiocyanate, respectively. Rhizopus oligosporus was used to ferment lead tree seeds for 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 days. Fermented leed tree seed powder was extracted with petroleum ether followed by ethanol. In comparison to unfermented leed tree seed powder, the β-carotene and a-tocopherol of the fermented seed powder increased. The greatest enhancement of β-carotene and a-tocopherol contents were observed at day 2 of fermentation. The highest antioxidant activities of fermented leed tree seeds were also obained at day 2 of fermentation with 55.55±4.59 and 74.46±3.49% inhibition in petroleum ether and ethanol extracts, respectively. The results show that lead tree seed tempeh has high antioxidant activity due to the bioactive compounds contains, such as  phenolics, β-carotene and a-tocopherol. Therefore, leed tree seed tempeh could be used for possible commercial production of functional food to alleviate oxidative stress.

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