The Influence of Health Education Through Booklet on Knowledge and Practice of Menstrual Hygiene

<div class="Section1"><p>Abnormal discharge from the vagina and infections of the reproductive tract can be prevented by practicing good menstrual hygiene. The ease by which adolescents are able to access information will affect the level of knowledge adolescents have about menstrual hygiene. This study aimed to determine the differences in levels of knowledge and practices of menstrual hygiene in boarding school students in rural and urban areas, before and after having being given health education using booklet media. This study was quasi experimental research. The research took place at MTs Al Falaah Pandak Bantul representing the rural area and MTs Mu'allimat Yogyakarta representing the urban area between December 2016 and January 2017. Knowledge and practice of menstrual hygiene was measured by a questionnaire. There was no statistically significant difference between knowledge of menstrual hygiene in the boarding schools of both rural and urban groups p=0.473, whereas the difference between hygiene practice regarding menstruation in both groups showed a significant difference p=0.000. There were significant differences in the levels of knowledge and practice of menstruation hygiene between the boarding school students in both the rural areas and urban areas before and after health education using a booklet. A higher mean value was indicated by the boarding school students in urban areas.</p></div>

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Impact of adenotonsillectomy on the quality of life of patients operated on at the Hospital de Clínicas, Paraguay

International Journal of Medical and Surgical Sciences ◽

10.32457/ijmss.v8i4.1650 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Carlos Mena Canata ◽

Rebeca Noemí Ruiz Vallejos

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽

Sleep Apnea ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

The Impact

The objective of this study is to determine the impact of adenotonsillectomy on the quality of life of postoperative patients.The study is observational, cross-sectional, and retrospective. The files of all postoperative adenotonsillectomy patients in Otorhinolaryngology Service, Hospital de Clínicas, San Lorenzo Paraguay. The Obstructive sleep apnea – 18 questionnaire (OSA 18) was applied, asking patients about symptoms before and after surgery. An effective sample of 143 postoperative patients was obtained. The average age was 6.05 ± 2.08 years, 55.10% (81) were male and 44.89% (66) were female, 65.30% (96) were from urban areas and 34.69% (51) from the rural areas. The t test was performed for means of two paired samples, comparing the results of the Obstructive sleep apnea – 18 questionnaire surveys before and after surgery which presented a significant difference (p <0.05) with a tendency to improve the quality of life after surgery. It has been shown that there is a significant difference, a considerable improvement in the quality of life of patients after adenotonsillectomy.

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ASSESSMENT OF IMMUNIZATION OF UNDER FIVE CHILDREN OF RURAL AND URBAN AREAS OF UDAIPUR DISTRICT, RAJASTHAN

10.36106/1404087 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 5-6

Author(s):

Ganesh Salvi ◽

Maitri Hathi

Keyword(s):

Economic Development ◽

Health Education ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Social Groups ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

Socio Economic Development ◽

Level Of Knowledge ◽

The Impact

Background: The impact of immunization is not uniform in different social groups till today despite of EPI since long. Current study was held to assess the level of knowledge and actual practice of immunization by mothers of under ve children in a rural and urban belt of Udaipur district. A cross sect Methods: ional study was conducted in blocks Binder, Badgav, Ladiya , Kotra, Girva and Salumber of Udaipur district. Randomly 400 families (200 urban, 200 rural) were selected. Ample health education should be given to parents residing in rural areas to rai Result and conclusion: se their knowledge regarding immunization. In rural areas anganwadi workers, ASHA etc should play a signicant role in bringing awareness about immunization and their benets. The group based approach, frequent camps would be more rewarding compared to area approach due to poor socio-economic development of marginalized group likes rural area for programmes like immunization of children.

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Measurement and Decomposition of Consumption Inequality in Nepal

Journal of Business and Social Sciences Research ◽

10.3126/jbssr.v4i2.29483 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 53-69

Author(s):

Pravat Uprety

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Gini Index ◽

Household Head ◽

Living Standard ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Female Headed Households ◽

Measures Of Inequality

This study aims at computing, comparing and decomposing the different inequality indices by rural and urban areas, sex of household head and ecological belt, so that policy maker can make the policy to reduce the inequality in Nepal. This study is based on the raw data taken from the 3rd Nepal Living Standard Survey-2011 conducted by the Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS). The study has used real consumption as the main variable to measure the inequality. In most of the cases five measures of inequality; Coefficient of variation (CV), Quantile Ratio Index, Gini Index, Generalised Entropy Index with parameter 0 and 1 were computed. The Gini index, Theil’s L and Theil’s T indices are 0.328, 0.175 and 0.194, respectively. The study has found no significant difference in inequality between male- and female-headed households; and the inequality in urban areas is higher than that in the rural areas. By ecological belts, the inequality is highest in hills and lowest in mountains. The country should place focus on urban areas and hilly belt to reduce inequality.

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Knowledge, Perceptions and Practices of Malaysian Hajj Pilgrims for Prevention of Influenza-like illness (ILI) in 2013 Hajj Season

IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia ◽

10.31436/imjm.v18i3.204 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Salmuna ZN ◽

Hashim S ◽

Hasan H ◽

Abdul Aziz A ◽

Nyi NN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Education ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

Randomized Control ◽

Knowledge And Practice ◽

Hygiene Compliance ◽

Hajj Season ◽

Perception Score

Introduction: Influenza-like illnesses (ILI) were defined as a triad of cough, sore throat and fever. The aim of this study is to determine the changes in knowledge, perceptions and practices towards preventive measures of succumbing to ILI before and after hajj among Malaysian hajj pilgrims. Methodology: An openlabeled randomized control trial study performed on five hundred Malaysian hajj pilgrims in the year 2013. After validated pre-hajj questionnaires completed, 250 subjects were given health education, benzalkonium -based handrub and demonstration of the handrub usage together with pamphlets and labelled as an intervention group. Another 250 subjects from another flight batch were given the same questionnaires without health education with unmedicated hand lotion as a control group. The knowledge, perception, practices and compliances to the handrub practice in both groups were compared with the pre-hajj results. Results: No significant difference between pre and post hajj knowledge and practice among hajj pilgrims in intervention group. Pre hajj perception score [ M (IQR) = 30 (5.00), Z= -2.441, p < 0.05 ] is much higher compared to post hajj perception [ M (IQR) = 29 (6.00), Z = -2.441, p < O.O5 ]. No significant difference between pre and post hajj knowledge, perception and practices among hajj pilgrims in control group. Hand hygiene compliance was not improved with provision of health education and free handrub supply. Conclusion: No significant changes in knowledge, perceptions and practices of Malaysian hajj pilgrims pre and post-hajj in both groups. Provision of handrub did not improved hajj pilgrims compliance.

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FENOMENA NOMOPHOBIA PADA ANAK USIA DINI BERDASARKAN TIPOLOGI WILAYAH DAN HUBUNGANNYA TERHADAP PERILAKU PROSOSIAL DAN ANTISOSIAL

JKKP (Jurnal Kesejahteraan Keluarga dan Pendidikan) ◽

10.21009/jkkp.081.09 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (01) ◽

pp. 91-107

Author(s):

Dian Novita ◽

Kenty Martiastuti

Keyword(s):

Early Childhood ◽

Social Behavior ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

T Test ◽

Average Score ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

The Social ◽

Significant Difference

Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi fenomena nomophobia pada anak usia dini di wilayah perdesaan dan perkotaan, menganalisis perbedaan perilaku nomophobia dan perilaku sosial antara kedua wilayah, serta menganalisis hubungan perilaku nomophobia terhadap perilaku sosial. Penelitian ini dilakukan di dua wilayah yaitu di Kabupaten Kuningan (representatif wilayah perdesaan) dan Kota Depok (representatif wilayah perkotaan) dengan responden masing-masing sebanyak 50 orang, sehingga total responden adalah 100 orang. Data yang dikumpulkan dari penelitian ini adalah perilaku nomophobia yang menggunakan instrumen NMP-Q (Yildirim,2015) dan perilaku sosial diukur berdasarkan dimensi yang dikembangkan oleh Hurlock (1978) yang terdiri atas perilaku prososial dan antisosial. Melalui uji independent sample t-test, hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan signifikan pada perilaku nomophobia antara wilayah perdesaan dan perkotaan. Skor rata-rata perilaku nomophobia di perdesaan adalah 35,61 sedangkan di perkotaan adalah 35,72 yang termasuk kategori rendah. Perilaku sosial di kedua wilayah sebagian besar menunjukkan kategori tinggi (64%) dan tidak ada perbedaan perilaku sosial secara umum baik di perdesaan maupun perkotaan. Hasil uji korelasi menunjukkan tidak adanya hubungan signifikan antara perilaku nomophobia dan perilaku sosial namun koefisien korelasi negatif yaitu -0,085 menjadi indikasi bahwa semakin tinggi perilaku nomophobia maka akan semakin rendah perilaku sosial anak usia dini. Hal ini perlu mendapat perhatian bersama, mengingat dampak buruk yang dapat ditimbulkan dari adanya fenomena nomophobia terutama pada anak usia dini. Kata Kunci: anak usia dini, nomophobia, perilaku sosial Nomophobia Phenomenons in Early Childhood based on Regional Typology and Its Relationship to Prosocial and Antisocial Behaviors Abstract This study aims to identify the phenomenon of nomophobia in early childhood in rural and urban areas, to analyze differences in nomophobic behavior and social behavior between the two regions and to analyze the relationship between nomophobic behavior and social behavior. This research was conducted in two areas, namely Kuningan District (rural area representative) and Depok City (urban area representative) with 50 respondents each, so that the total number of respondents was 100 people. The data collected from this study were nomophobic behavior using the NMP-Q instrument (Yildirim, 2015) and social behavior was measured based on the dimensions developed by Hurlock (1978) which consisted of prosocial and antisocial behavior. Through the independent samples t-test, it was found that the results of the study showed no significant difference in nomophobic behavior between rural and urban areas. The average score of nomophobic behavior in rural areas is 35,61, while in urban areas it is 35,72 which is in the low category. Most of the social behavior in the two regions shows the high category (64%) and there is no difference in social behavior in general, both in rural and urban areas. The results of the correlation test showed that there was no significant relationship between nomophobic behavior and social behavior, but the negative correlation coefficient, namely -0,085, is an indication that the higher the nomophobic behavior, the lower the social behavior of early childhood. This needs mutual attention, considering the bad effects that can be caused by the phenomenon of nomophobia, especially in early childhood. Keywords : early childhood, nomophobia, social behavior

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ESTABLISHING THE WELL-BEING OF THE RURAL-URBAN ELDERLY POPULATION: A CASE STUDY OF INDONESIA

The Hong Kong Journal of Social Work ◽

10.1142/s0219246210000124 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 44 (02) ◽

pp. 105-120 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

SAIDATULAKMAL MOHD ◽

AZLINDA AZMAN ◽

JAMALLUDIN SULAIMAN ◽

ISMAIL BABA

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Elderly Population ◽

Well Being ◽

The Elderly ◽

Urban Elderly ◽

Contributing Factors ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

Significant Difference

This study determines and compares the influence of various demographic factors in achieving well-being of the elderly population in the rural and urban areas in Indonesia. Age, marital status, social class, perceived health and economic condition are some of the main contributing factors in measuring well-being. In addition, social aspects such as living and familial arrangement were also investigated to establish elderly population well being. Data were collected using a survey-interview method. A total of 157 elderly in the urban areas and 145 elderly in the rural areas were surveyed. A causal model of well-being was employed to analyse the data obtained. The model of well-being was then tested using path analysis to test the causal relationships among the variables. Although the study indicated that there was no significant difference of well-being between the rural and urban elderly, the social support variables generally help improve the well-being of the elderly population.

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Difference of Height, Body Mass Index and Self-Assessment Among High-School Students in Constanta County- A Comparison between Rural and Urban Areas

ARS Medica Tomitana ◽

10.2478/arsm-2014-0026 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 144-149

Author(s):

Chirilâ S. ◽

Hangan L.T ◽

Broascâ V. ◽

Severin Beatrice ◽

Mocanu Elena

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

High School Students ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Weight Status ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

School Students ◽

Score Distribution ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract The increasing prevalence of obesity among high-school students is a public health problem, as more and more children are facing it.[5] Education has a great impact on the way young people deal with this problem. A significant effect on the behaviour of the pupils is the background they have, differences between children from rural areas compared to children from urban areas in terms of BMI being documented. A number of 185 high-school students from two schools in Constanta, from urban and rural areas were interviewed and data about height and weight was collected. The results show that there is no statistically significant difference of the height between teenagers from urban and rural area, but there is a statistically significant association between area and BMI-z score distribution. Also, a higher number of teenagers from urban area underestimate their weight status compared to teenagers from rural areas.

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PERBEDAAN TINGKAT DEPRESI ANTARA LANSIA DI PEDESAAN DAN PERKOTAAN

KOSALA : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan ◽

10.37831/jik.v4i2.96 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Tunjung Sri Yulianti ◽

Anggit Ike Prascika

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Geriatric Depression Scale ◽

Depression Scale ◽

The Elderly ◽

Economic Changes ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Urban And Rural Areas ◽

The Village

AbstractElderly will fail maintaining a balance of physiological conditions, thereby increasingvulnerability to depression. Factors that influence is the socio-economic changes, socialvalues, awareness among individuals and others. More urban environment isindividualistic and socioeconomic pressures are higher, while rural areas have theeducational background lower. The results showed not a few elderly people who returnedto the village because they felt pressured by the situation in the city, the elderly should bealone in the house and no neighbors who could be invited to communicate, so it isdifficult to be happy. But there are also elderly who live in the village reveal feelingdepressed and showed signs of depression. Purpose of the study to determine the levelof depression in the elderly in urban, rural and differences in the level of depressionamong the elderly who live in rural and urban areas.Subjects were elderly who live in the village of Palur Sukoharjo and Kampung SewuSurakarta. Methods of analytical study comparative research design. Measuringinstrument used is the Geriatric Depression Scale. Test data normality using theKolmogorov-Smirnov Test. Statistical test with independent t test.The results of the study obtained significancy value of t-test (two-tailed) 0.001.Conclusion of research is significant difference in rates of depression among the elderlyin urban and rural areas, the elderly in urban areas have higher levels of depression thanelderly people in rural areasKeywords: Elderly Depression Level, Rural, Urban

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How socio-demographic and mass media factors affect sanitary item usage among women in rural and urban India

Waterlines ◽

10.3362/1756-3488.21-00003 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 40 (3) ◽

pp. 160-178

Author(s):

Karan Babbar ◽

Deepika Saluja ◽

Muthusamy Sivakami

Keyword(s):

Mass Media ◽

Rural Women ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Social Stigma ◽

Menstrual Hygiene ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

Urban And Rural Areas ◽

Major Factors ◽

Media Channels

Our study’s objective is to examine the various socio-demographic and mass media factors of sanitary item usage among rural and urban women in India. We have used data from the Indian version of the Demographic and Health Survey, conducted in 2015–16 for this study, with a sample of 247,833 women in the age group of 15 to 24 years. Binary logistics regression was performed separately for urban and rural women to understand the various determinants of sanitary item usage. We found that three-quarters of women in urban areas use sanitary items compared to half of the women in rural areas. Indian women in rural areas appear to be at a considerable disadvantage compared to their urban counterparts with regard to sanitary item usage. Factors determining sanitary item usage did not vary between urban and rural areas. However, education, wealth, mass media, and toilet facility were the major factors in understanding the improvement in sanitary item usage in urban and rural areas. At the policy level, there is need to focus on (a) disseminating knowledge about menstrual hygiene management (MHM) practices and provisioning of sanitary items; and (b) providing exposure to traditional media channels to potentially reduce the social stigma associated with these issues and bring critical conversations to the forefront, especially among the socio-economically disadvantaged groups.

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Comparing the risk of falls between rural and urban elderly

Acta Scientiarum Health Sciences ◽

10.4025/actascihealthsci.v40i1.33449 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 33449

Author(s):

Guilherme Tavares de Arruda ◽

Cyntia Scher Strelow ◽

Áureo Júnior Weschenfelder ◽

Michele Adriane Froelich ◽

Hedioneia Maria Foletto Pivetta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

The Elderly ◽

Total Sample ◽

Lower Limbs ◽

Impaired Hearing ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Risk Of Falls

The aim of this study was to compare the risk of falls and characterize them in the urban and rural elderly. Observational study with elderly from urban and rural areas in the interior of the State of Rio Grande do Sul, evaluated by the Fall Risk Score and further criteria for the evaluation and characterization of the last fall within 12 months. A total of 125 elderly, 89 urban and 36 rural was evaluated. There was a high prevalence of medication use (93.6%), impaired vision (35.2%) and previous falls (81.6%) in the total sample of individuals as well as the risk of falls (76.8%) without differences between the groups. The variables of statistical significance were impaired hearing (p = 0.009) and impairment of the lower limbs (p = 0.04). Both the elderly living in rural areas and in urban areas showed high risk for falls in the group studied, with no significant difference between them. Thus, it is worth highlighting the importance of making a health work for guidance on falls.

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