A study on perception on Covid- 19 vaccination among general public

Background: The SARS COVID-19 is a highly transmittable and pathogenic viral infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2. Developing an effective and safe COVID-19 vaccine is global public health vitality in constraining the pandemic. Aim: This study was aimed to assess the level of perception towards COVID-19 Vaccination among public and to associate the level of perception towards COVID-19 vaccination with selected demographic variables. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among general public in selected areas. Sample size was 50 selected through snowball sampling technique was used. Data was collected using modified rating scale questionnaire. Results: The study results showed that the mean perception score was 58.7 and standard deviation perception score was 8.579. Among 50 subjects 24 (48%) subjects had favorable perception, 23 (46%) subjects had neutral perception and 3 (6%) subjects had unfavorable perception towards COVID-19 Vaccination among public. Conclusion: The study result predicated that there was no significant association (p>0.05) with demographic variables such as age, sex, educational status, occupation, income. Majority of the subjects 24 48%) had favorable perception towards COVID-19 Vaccination.

Evaluating knowledge retention and perceived benefits of medical webinar for professional development among Indonesian physicians

Purpose: To assess knowledge retention of physicians after participating in a webinar series and its perceived benefits on daily practice and career development.Methods: The webinar series comprised six separate webinars about daily practice. Online questionnaires were sent to all participating physicians via email 3 months after the webinars. The questionnaire assessed knowledge retention through the difference between initial and follow-up post-test as well as the webinar series’ benefits on daily practice and career development. Participants’ demographic information, including their age, gender, education, year of graduation, and work details, were collected to compare outcomes between demographic groups.Results: A total of 689 responses were gathered, and 622 were analyzed. At follow-up, the median knowledge score was significantly lower than the initial median knowledge score (Z=-6.973, p<0.001). Participants’ perception of the webinar series’ benefits on daily practice and career development was very positive. A significant weak negative correlation was found between age and knowledge score at follow-up (rs=-0.157, p<0.001). Physicians who graduated more recently and worked for less than 3 years scored significantly higher on knowledge tests at follow-up. Meanwhile, perception score towards webinar series’ benefits on daily practice was significantly higher among physicians with more extended work history. Male physicians scored significantly higher on perception score towards webinar series’ benefits on career development.Conclusion: Online continuing medical education programs like webinars can encourage physicians to maintain their competence, but further research on improving knowledge retention over time is necessary. Overall, physicians perceived webinars to be beneficial for their professional development.

Post Operative Pain Management and Patient Satisfection : Experience at a Tertiary Care Hospital

Background: Pain is an inevitable part of the postoperative experience. Current study was designed to assess the pattern of analgesic use, the adequacy of post operative pain control by documenting pain scores and patient satisfaction by documenting the pain perception score of the postoperative patients 48 hours after surgery. Materials and methods: This was a formative research and includes a mix of descriptive cross-sectional study carried out in the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, General Surgery and Orthopedics Surgery of Chattagram Maa-O-Shishu Hospital Medical College (CMOSHMC) during the month of January, 2018 to July, 2019. Results: A total of 180 patients underwent surgery were included in this study. Baseline data were collected both retrospectively and prospectively. Only analgesic used immediately after operation in three departments were Pethidine (100%). Diclofenac sodium suppository were used in appendectomy and cesarean section (50/60, 83%) and (26/60, 43%) respectively. Mostly, Diclofenac Sodium IV (55/60, 91%) was used in lower limb surgery. The maximum pain score were 5.3 (SD=2.3), 5.6 (SD =1.9), and 6.1 (SD =1.3) during coughing in the first 8 hour and minimum pain score 2.4 (SD =1.0), 2.2 (SD = 0.8) and 1.7 (SD=1.3) at rest 48 hours after cesarean section, appendectomy and lower limb surgery respectively. But pain score eventually increased during coughing 48 hours after surgery. After 48 hours of surgery maximum pain perception score 3.9 (SD = 0.9) in lower limb surgery and minimum perception score were 3.5 (SD =1.8) in cesarean section. Majority of the appendectomy patient (76%) satisfied with pain management where as only 43% satisfied in case of cesarean section. Conclusion: This study enabled the researchers to get a precise picture of the current state of POPM in different hospitals, as well as identify particular needs for improving such practices in health care facilities and implementing an educational intervention in order to improve the post operative pain management. Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.20 (2); July 2021; Page 69-73

A cluster-randomized trial study on effectiveness of health education based intervention (HEBI) in improving flood disaster preparedness among community in Selangor, Malaysia: a study protocol

Background Flood disaster preparedness among the community seldom received attention. Necessary intervention must be taken to prevent the problem. Health Education Based Intervention (HEBI) was developed following the Health Belief Model, particularly in improving flood disaster preparedness among the community. The main objective of this study is to assess the effect of HEBI on improving flood disaster preparedness among the community in Selangor. This study aims to develop, implement, and evaluate the impact of health education-based intervention (HEBI) based on knowledge, skills, and preparedness to improve flood disaster preparedness among the community in Selangor. Method A single-blind cluster randomized controlled trial will conduct at six districts in Selangor. Randomly selected respondents who fulfilled the inclusion criteria will be invited to participate in the study. Health education module based on Health Believed Theory will be delivered via health talks and videos coordinated by liaison officers. Data at three-time points at baseline, immediate, and 3 months post-intervention will be collected. A validated questionnaire will assess participants’ background characteristics, knowledge, skill, and preparedness on disaster preparedness and perception towards disaster. Descriptive and inferential statistics will be applied for data analysis using IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 25. Longitudinal correlated data on knowledge, skills, preparedness, and perception score at baseline, immediate post-intervention, and 6 months post-intervention will be analyzed using Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE). Discussion It is expected that knowledge, skills, preparedness, and flood disaster perception score are more significant in the intervention group than the control group, indicating the Health Education Based Intervention (HEBI). Trial registration Thai Clinical Trial TCTR20200202002.

Farmers’ Perception of the Feasibility of Mithun (Bos frontalis) Farming and its Constraints in Nagaland, India

The present study was conducted on a sample of 126 mithun farmers randomly drawn from three districts of Nagaland to assess the perception of the farmers regarding the feasibility of mithun farming and its constraints that can contribute to a better understanding of the mithun production systems and its declining population in Nagaland. The farmer’s perception of the feasibility of mithun farming and its constraints was measured using a 3 and 5 point continuum Likert scale, respectively, drawing various inferences based on the respondents’ responses. A low mean perception score (MPS) of 1.06, reveals that the majority (99.21%) of the respondents are in disagreement with the statement that mithun farming is not profitable. Mithun farming according to them is very profitable which needs the right hand-holding support from financial institutions for the exploitation of its marketable potential. Due to the lack of institutional efforts in promoting mithun rearing as bankable and insured schemes, 99.21 percent of farmers held a strong perception (MPS=2.98) that mithun farming, in the long run, may not be feasible and may result in discontinuity of mithun farming in some villages. Also, the high cost of inputs for fencing (Mean value=3.91) and constant predator attack on the animal particularly the young calves (Mean value= 3.88) renders mithun farming difficult with the existing system of rearing. The findings indicate that though mithun farming is profitable, there is a strong need to promote a scientific and alternative semi-intensive method of mithun rearing and encourage the diversified use of mithun for meat, milk, hide, and draught potential to stop the slaughter of mithun for table purpose only. Therefore, considering the socio-cultural linkages of the tribes with the mithun proper strategies and policies are essential for its conservation.

A STUDY TO ASSESS THE PERCEPTION TOWARDS ONLINE CLASSES AMONG NURSING FACULTY OF SELECTED NURSING COLLEGES AT JAMMU

Objectives: 1. to assess the perception towards online classes among nursing faculty. 2. To determine the association between perceptions towards online classes among nursing faculty with selected socio-demographic variables. Assumptions:Nursing faculty may have positive perception towards online classes. Conceptual Framework:Community of Inquiry Model has been used. Methodology: Quantitative research approach, a descriptive research design was used. 81 Samples were selected from the nursing colleges purposively. After obtaining the consent form, self- structured 5-point Likert scale has been sent to them in the form of Google Form to assess their level of perception towards online classes. The results of the study revealed that 76 (93.8%) nursing faculty had medium level of perception towards online classes and 05 (6.2%) nursing faculty had high perception towards online classes. The mean perception score were found to be 73.5± 9.72 among nursing faculty. Conclusion: Nursing faculty had moderate level of perception towards online classes. It can become high if there will be the availability of proper sources to evaluate the students properly as well as to teach them theoretically and practically if pandemic persists.

Exploring the perception of forensic science among police investigators in Nigeria: The role of sociodemographic markers

Underlining the application of forensic science methods in police investigations is investigators’ perceptions of the methods. The premise is that a positive perception indicates a willingness to apply forensic science in criminal investigations, regardless of prior forensic training. This study compared common sociodemographic markers with regard to perceptions of forensic science application in criminal investigations among investigating police officers in Nigeria, controlling for forensic training. The six sociodemographic markers were: gender, age, marital status, highest educational qualification, rank, and years in service. The survey used a self-administered questionnaire for data collection. Based on a total population of 3771 investigating police officers, a sample size of 347 was determined using Krejcie and Morgan’s formula ( Krejcie RV and Morgan DW (1970) Determining sample size for research activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement 30(3): 607–610). A potential 20% dropout rate was added giving a sample size of 416. No difference was found across the sociodemographic markers with regards to the perception of forensic science utilization in criminal investigations ( p > .05), except for the highest educational qualification ( p = .008) and rank ( p = .042) of the respondents. The perception score was higher in the primary school category than in the secondary school and diploma certificate categories. Comparison between the categories secondary certificate and degree/HND certificate indicated a statistically significant lower perception score in the secondary certificate category. The perception score was lower in the diploma category than in the degree/HND certificate and postgraduate categories. For police rank, pairwise comparison showed that the officer category had a higher perception score than the constable category. There was also a statistically significant higher perception of forensic science among inspectors than among constables. It is recommended that educational qualification and rank should be considered when deploying police personnel to the criminal investigation department.

Knowledge and Perceptions of Undergraduate and Postgraduate Nursing Students About the Use of 3D Digital Printing in Healthcare

3D printing is applicable in various fields. The purpose of this study was to explore the knowledge and perceptions of undergraduate and postgraduate nursing students in relation to the use of 3D printing. A questionnaire was developed including questions about demographics, the students’ knowledge about, and the student’s attitude towards the 3D printing technology. Descriptive statistics and correlations were examined. The average knowledge score was 2.6 out of 6 and the perception score was 7.7 out of 10. Only gender was found to be related with 3D printing knowledge. Gender, age, and educational level were related with students’ attitude towards 3D printing.

Post Operative Pain Management (POPM) and Patient Satisfection : A Tertiary Care Hospital Experience

Background: Pain is an inevitable part of the postoperative experience. Current study was designed to assess the pattern of analgesic use, the adequacy of post operative pain control by documenting pain scores, and patient satisfaction by documenting the pain perception score of the postoperative patients 48 hours after surgery. Materials and methods: This was a formative research and includes a mix of descriptive cross-sectional study carried out in the department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, General surgery, and Orthopedics surgery of Chattagram Maa -O- Shishu Hospital Medical College (CMOSHMC) during the month of January, 2018 to July, 2019. Result: A total of 180 patients undergoing surgery were included in this study. Baseline data were collected both retrospectively and prospectively. Only analgesic used immediately after operation in three departments were Pethidine (100%). Diclofenac sodium suppository were used in appendectomy and cesarean section (50/60, 83%) and (26/60, 43%) respectively. Mostly, Diclofenac Sodium IV (55/60, 91%) was used in lower limb surgery. The maximum pain score were 5.3 (SD=2.3), 5.6 (SD =1.9), and 6.1 (SD =1.3) during coughing in the first 8 hour and minimum pain score 2.4 (SD =1.0), 2.2 (SD = 0.8) and 1.7 (SD=1.3) at rest 48 hours after cesarean section, appendectomy and lower limb surgery respectively. But pain score eventually increased during coughing 48 hours after surgery. After 48 hours of surgery maximum pain perception score 3.9 (SD = 0.9) in lower limb surgery and minimum perception score were 3.5 (SD =1.8) in cesarean section. Majority of the appendectomy patient (76%) satisfied with pain management where as only 43% satisfied in case of cesarean section. Conclusion: This study enabled the researchers to get a precise picture of the current state of POPM in different hospitals, as well as identify particular needs for improving such practices in health care facilities and implementing an educational intervention in order to improve the post operative pain management.

Patients’ perception of the outpatient pharmaceutical service quality in hospital pharmacies with auditable pharmaceutical transactions and services in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

ObjectiveTo ensure the availability of quality pharmaceutical products and effective pharmaceutical services, a package of interventions named auditable pharmaceutical transactions and services (APTS), was implemented in the tertiary and secondary hospitals across Ethiopia since 2014. This study aimed to evaluate outpatients’ perception of pharmaceutical service quality in hospitals with APTS in Ethiopia.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingSeven hospitals of Tigray, Ethiopia.Participants794 patients coming for pharmaceutical services.Main outcome measuresSERVQUAL instrument was employed to collect the patient’s perception of pharmaceutical services. The mean perception score of pharmaceutical service quality was the main outcome measurement.ResultsOut of 810 patients approached, 794 participated in the study (response rate of 98.02%). Overall, the mean perception score of the service quality was 3.1 of 5. Among the five dimensions of SERVQUAL, dimension of empathy achieved the highest result with a mean score of 3.71, and tangibility was the second (3.19), followed by responsiveness (3.08), assurance (2.87) and reliability (2.81). The perception of patients in tertiary hospitals of service quality was more positive compared with patients in secondary hospitals (3.265>3.011, p=0.04). However, the difference was only significant in the dimension of assurance when considering the five dimensions separately. Respondents who were older, widowed, illiterate, farmer, retired or Orthodox were found to have better quality service experience compared with others (p=0.001).ConclusionGenerally, outpatients’ perception of pharmaceutical service quality was positive. However, two dimensions of the service quality (assurance and reliability) were negatively perceived. To improve the service quality, we recommended the following: (1) managers should provide more training for pharmacists to strengthen their professional knowledge and encourage them to cooperate with other professionals; (2) the government needs to develop guidelines on information provided to patients and train the pharmacists to follow them; (3) hospitals can apply various procurement methods and efficient inventory management methods.