scholarly journals The Effect of Night Low Temperature on Agronomical Traits of Thirty-Nine Pepper Accessions (Capsicum annuum L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherzod Rajametov ◽  
Kwanuk Lee ◽  
Hyo Bong Jeong ◽  
Myeong Cheoul Cho ◽  
Chun-Woo Nam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Agronomical Traits ◽  
Pepper Plants

Pepper plants experience complex environmental factors including abiotic and biotic stresses in field and the importance of climate changes including low and high temperatures has been emerged. Low temperature stress in the growth and development is one of the most critical issues, which directly impact on the crop yield and productivity of pepper plants. It is essential to select and breed low temperature-(LT) tolerant pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivars. The research was performed to assess the agronomical traits of 39 pepper accessions belonging to chili and bell fruit types which cultivated two different night temperature set-points at 15°C for suboptimal temperature (CT) and at 10°C for low temperature (LT), respectively. Plant heights (PH) of most pepper accessions in LT were significantly decreased compared to those in CT. The stem diameter (SD) and the length of main axis (LMA) were various depending on the genotypes under LT. Moreover, the number of flowers (NFL), the total number of fruits (NFR), fruit yield (FY), fruit fresh weight (FFW), fruit length (FL), fruit diameter (FD), and the number of seeds in a fruit (NSF) were notably declined in LT compared to CT. The evaluated agronomical traits between LT and CT were further applied for the correlation analysis, the principal component analysis (PCA), and the hierarchical cluster analysis. Notably, FY trait was correlated with other reproductive traits including NFR, FFW, FD, and FL on positive directions and LT treated-39 pepper accessions were clustered into seven groups by the clustering analysis. The selected accessions were primarily involved with the positive trends with the reproductive index including NFR, FL, FD, and FW traits and would be used for pepper breeding programs on developing LT-tolerant cultivars.

scholarly journals The Effect of Night Low Temperature on Agronomical Traits of Thirty-Nine Pepper Accessions (Capsicum annuum L.)

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1986
Author(s):  
Sherzod Nigmatullayevich Rajametov ◽  
Kwanuk Lee ◽  
Hyo-Bong Jeong ◽  
Myeong-Cheoul Cho ◽  
Chun-Woo Nam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Agronomical Traits ◽  
Pepper Plants

Pepper plants are subject to complex environmental factors including abiotic and biotic stresses in fields, as well as the significant effects of climate changes, including low and high temperatures. Low temperature stress in the growth and development of pepper plants is one of the most critical issues, and directly impacts the crop yield and productivity of pepper plants. Therefore, it is essential to select and breed low temperature-(LT) tolerant pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivars. This research was conducted to assess the agronomical traits of 39 pepper accessions belonging to the chili and bell fruit varieties which were cultivated under two different night temperature set-points: at 15 °C for a suboptimal temperature (CT) and at 10 °C for a low temperature (LT). The plant heights (PH) of most pepper accessions in a LT were significantly decreased compared to those in a CT. The stem diameter (SD) and the length of main axis (LMA) varied depending on the genotypes under LT. Moreover, the number of flowers (NFL), total number of fruits (NFR), fruit yield (FY), fruit fresh weight (FFW), fruit length (FL), fruit diameter (FD), and number of seeds in a fruit (NSF) remarkably declined in a LT compared to in a CT. The evaluated agronomical traits between LT and CT were further applied for the correlation analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), and hierarchical cluster analysis. Notably, the FY trait was correlated with other reproductive traits including NFR, FFW, FD, and FL on the positive directions and thirty-nine LT-treated pepper accessions were clustered into seven groups by the hierarchical clustering analysis. The selected accessions were primarily involved in the positive trends with the reproductive index including NFR, FL, FD, and FFW traits and could be used for pepper breeding programs to develop LT-tolerant cultivars.

scholarly journals Variability of Fruit Quality among 103 Acerola (Malpighia emarginata D. C.) Phenotypes from the Subtropical Region of Brazil

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1078
Author(s):  
Daniela Farinelli ◽  
Silvia Portarena ◽  
Daniel Fernandes da Silva ◽  
Chiara Traini ◽  
Giordana Menegazzo da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Pulp Yield ◽  
Subtropical Region ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Malpighia Emarginata ◽  
Cluster 2

Acerola fruit is one of the richest natural sources of ascorbic acid. As a consequence, acerola fruit and its products are in demand worldwide for the production of health supplements and for the development of functional products. Acerola phenotypes (103) were screened in Western Paraná State, in the Southern region of Brazil, and evaluated to obtain information on fruit quality characteristics with the aim of using them in future breeding programs. Principal Component and Hierarchical Cluster analysis were performed on all datasets to explore the variability among samples and to identify the main clusters. A great variability among phenotypes was observed, with potential for use in breeding programs. Seven phenotypes were selected as candidates in the next breeding program, characterized by high vitamin C content and yield, or higher values of fruit size and color parameters. Four belong to cluster 1 and three to cluster 2. Specifically, two phenotypes, belonging to cluster 2, showed the best performance in terms of vitamin C (2150 mg 100 g−1 pulp and 2625 mg 100 g−1 pulp respectively) and pulp yield (74.8% and 82.3% respectively), and one phenotype, belonging to cluster 1, for high pulp yield, fruit size and vitamin C content (80.3% 6.43 g and 2490 mg 100 g−1 pulp).

scholarly journals Horticultural Aspects for the Cultivated Production of Piquin Peppers (Capsicum annuum L. var. glabriusculum)—A Review

HortScience ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-75
Author(s):  
María Daniela Mares-Quiñones ◽  
Juan Ignacio Valiente-Banuet
Keyword(s):  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Direct Organogenesis ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
Pepper Plants

Piquin pepper [Capsicum annuum L. var. glabriusculum (Dunal) Heiser and Pickergill] is a semidomesticated pepper with high commercial value and wide applications as fresh or processed products. Piquin pepper plants have been difficult to domesticate and cultivate because of low seed germination, genetic and morphologic variability, insect and disease susceptibility, and limited environmental physiology information. Currently, seed sterility is no longer considered a limiting factor as hormonal, chemical, and thermal treatments have been developed to overcome seed dormancy. In vitro propagation (primarily by direct organogenesis) is still not reliable for seedling production. Cropping systems of piquin pepper plants include traditional methods such as agroforestry and full sunlight, and under protected horticulture conditions, mainly shade nets. Shade levels and water availability affect yield and vegetative growth. Piquin pepper plants can be grown under diverse geographic and edaphic conditions. Nutrition and fertilization studies are limited. Biotic stresses that can cause economic damage to piquin pepper plants include most that affect other pepper cultivars. Piquin pepper is also considered an important genetic resource as it reports resistance to some viral groups, which could be used for genetic improvement of other cultivated peppers. Current research needs involve the development of dependable plant materials (cultivated varieties) with reduced labor needs, particularly during the harvest period. In addition, research is needed to reduce the susceptibility of piquin pepper plants to other plant diseases. This review presents an analysis of the aspects related to the production of piquin peppers under cultivated conditions.

Metabolic Changes and Susceptibility to Chilling Stress in Capsicum annuum Plants Grown at Suboptimal Temperature

1997 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 759 ◽  
Author(s):  
José A. Mercado ◽  
Michael S. Reid ◽  
Victoriano Valpuesta ◽  
Miguel A. Quesada
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Temperature Regime ◽  
Chilling Stress ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Axillary Shoots ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Pepper Plants

Pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L.; hybrid Latino) were grown at temperature regimes of 29/20 and 25/14 (˚C, day/night) and the variables previously related to the cold acclimation process in temperate plants were studied. After 60 days of treatment, plants cultivated at the low temperature regime showed a 50–70% reduction in shoot length, leaf number and shoot dry weight in comparison with the high temperature regime. Root dry weight was not different between the two sets of plants, and the plants grown in the cold regime showed an increased number of axillary shoots. Analysis of the leaves at four different positions in the canopy (below the first bifurcation of the plant and in the first, second and third bifurcation) showed that chlorophyll and soluble protein content decreased with plant age at both temperature treatments, but absolute values were higher in the leaves of plants grown at low temperature, especially in the two upper leaves. The difference in the protein content could be explained by different leaf content of soluble Rubisco enzyme. Total nitrogen content was slightly higher in the leaves of plants grown at low temperature, but the percentage of the nitrate form was lower in this condition. In relation to carbohydrates, the sucrose content was lower in the leaves of the cold regime plants, except in the youngest one, whereas the starch was higher in the leaves of these plants, specially in the two upper leaves. Finally, plants grown at the lower night temperature showed an improved chilling resistance when exposed for 4 nights at 6˚C, as estimated by visual rating and measurement of leaf electrolyte leakage. The level of cold tolerance observed was similar to the level obtained in plants grown at optimal temperature treated with paclobutrazol, a plant growth regulator that ameliorates chilling stress symptoms. Differences in carbon and nitrogen metabolism are discussed in relation to the cold acclimation process of pepper plants.

scholarly journals Physiological Traits of Thirty-Five Tomato Accessions in Response to Low Temperature

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherzod Nigmatullayevich Rajametov ◽  
Kwanuk Lee ◽  
Hyo-Bong Jeong ◽  
Myeong-Cheoul Cho ◽  
Chun-Woo Nam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Physiological Traits ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Tomato Yield ◽  
Selection Indices ◽  
Positive Correlations

Tomato is often exposed to diverse abiotic stresses and cold stress is one of harsh environmental stresses. Abnormal low temperature affects tomato growth and development, leading to, e.g., physiological disorders, flower drops, and abnormal fruit morphology, and causing a decrease in tomato yield and fruit quality. It is important to identify low temperature-(LT) tolerant tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cultivars relying on different fruit types. In this study, our focus was to analyze the physiological traits of 35 tomato accessions with three different fruit types (cherry, medium, and large sizes) under night temperature set-points of 15 °C for control temperature (CT) and 10 °C for LT, respectively. Plant heights (PH) of most tomato accessions in LT were remarkably decreased compared to those in CT. The leaf length (LL) and leaf width (LW) were reduced depending on the genotypes under LT. In addition, the number of fruits (NFR), fruit set (FS), fruit yield (FY), and marketable yield (MY) were negatively affected in LT. The variation was further investigated by the correlation, the principal component (PCA), and the cluster analysis. Interestingly, positive correlations between different vegetative and reproductive traits were uncovered. Multivariate analysis including the PCA and hierarchical clustering classified the LT-treated 35 tomato accessions into four major groups. The identified accessions were associated with vegetative and reproductive parameters on positive directions. The results might be utilized for establishing breeding programs on selecting LT-tolerant tomato cultivars with different selection indices relying on fruit types during vegetative and/or reproductive stages.

scholarly journals Morphometric Traits and iPBS Based Molecular Characterizations of Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Genotypes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
İbrahim Başak ◽  
Göksel Özer ◽  
FERHAD MURADOGLU
Keyword(s):  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Morphometric Traits ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Chemical Traits ◽  
High Level

Abstract In this study, walnut genotypes that selected during two growing seasons among thousands of seedlings were analyzed in terms of detailed morphometric, phenological, and chemical traits. A multivariate analysis was conducted with valuable traits for breeding and selection such as morphometric traits, chemical composition, and phenological characteristics. Also, genotypes were characterized by a retrotransposon-based iPBS marker system. The correlation analysis showed significant positive and negative correlations between agro-morphological characters. The principal component analysis explained 71.44% of the total variance into five main components. Principal component and hierarchical cluster analysis divided genotypes into three groups, whose subgroups were identified based on both agro-morphological characters and iPBS marker systems. A high level of polymorphism ratio was observed for tested markers. Mantel’s test demonstrated relatively low correlations between molecular and morphological treats (r=0.04). The genetic similarities among all individuals ranged from 0.39 (between 018 and 015 or 045 genotypes) to 0.98 (between 090 and 094 genotypes) with a mean similarity of 0.67. Remarkable phenotypic and molecular variations were observed among the genotypes. The features of some investigated genotypes were above the acceptable thresholds for walnut selection in breeding programs and our study indicated that iPBS markers can be beneficial in walnut breeding programs, allowing the evaluation of the genetic relationship between genotypes, helping to differentiate and select the best genotypes to improve agronomic properties.

scholarly journals Physiological Traits of Thirty-Five Tomato Accessions (Solanum lycopersicum L.) in Response to Low Temperature

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherzod Nigmatullaevich Rajametov ◽  
Kwanuk Lee ◽  
Hyo Bong Jeong ◽  
Myeong Cheoul Cho ◽  
Chun Woo Nam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Physiological Traits ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Tomato Yield ◽  
Positive Correlations

Tomato is exposure to diverse abiotic stresses. Cold stress is one of harsh environmental stresses and abnormal low temperature affects tomato growth and development including physio- logical disorders, flower drops, and abnormal fruit morphology, causing the decrease of tomato yield and a fruit quality. It is important to identify low temperature-(LT) tolerant tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cultivars relying on different fruit types. This study focused on analyzing physiological traits of 35 tomato accessions with three different fruit types (cherry, medium, and large sizes) under night temperature set-points of 15°C for normal temperature (NT) and 10°C for LT, respectively. Plant heights (PH) of most tomato accessions in LT were remarkably decreased compared to those in NT. The growth of leaf length (LL) and leaf width (LW) was reduced depending on the genotypes under LT. In addition, the number of fruits (NFR), fruit set (FS), fruit yield (FY), and marketable yield (MY) were negatively affected in LT. The variation was further investigated by the correlation analysis, the principal component (PCA), and the cluster analysis. Interestingly, positive correlations between different vegetative and reproductive traits were uncovered. Multivariate analysis including the PCA and hierarchical clustering classified LT-treated 35 tomato accessions into four major groups. The identified accessions were associated with vegetative and reproductive parameters on positive directions and might be utilized for breeding programs on selecting LT-tolerant cultivars.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Agro-morphological Traits in 20 Genotypes of Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb.

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-51
Author(s):  
Waras Nurcholis
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Similarity Analysis ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Recorded Data ◽  
Number Of Leaves

The present study aimed to evaluate different agro-morphological traits among twenty genotypes of Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb. and three varieties of Curcuma zanthorrhiza Roxb. Agro-morphological data traits were investigated based on qualitative and quantitative parameters from PPVFRA descriptors with modification. All the recorded data was analyzed through SPSS 16.0 and R 3.4.2 for ANOVA and similarity analysis, respectively. Significant differences (P <0.05) were observed in the traits studied of the habit of the rhizome, the shape of the rhizome, length of primary rhizome, number of mother rhizome, plant height, pseudostem diameter, number of leaves, leaf length, leaf width, and number of shoots. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) classified the genotypes into three groups. The principal component analysis (PCA) were showed consistent with results of the HCA. These genotypes could be used as novel genotype in agricultural biochemistry for breeding programs.

Quality evaluation of tugaksheeree samples by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy using multicomponent analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikunj D. Patel ◽  
Niranjan S. Kanaki
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Quality Evaluation ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflectance ◽  
Chemometric Methods ◽  
Total Reflectance ◽  
Fingerprint Region ◽  
Ftir Technique

Background: Numerous Ayurvedic formulations contains tugaksheeree as key ingredient. Tugaksheereeis the starch gained from the rhizomes of two plants, Curcuma angustifoliaRoxb. (Zingiberaceae) and Marantaarundinacea (MA) Linn. (Marantaceae). Objective: The primary concerns in quality assessment of Tugaksheeree occur due to adulteration or substitution. Method: In current study, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) technique with attenuated total reflectance (ATR) facility was used to evaluate tugaksheeree samples. Total 10 different samples were studied and transmittance mode was kept to record the spectra devoid of pellets of KBR. Further treatment was given with multi component tools by considering fingerprint region of the spectra. Multivariate analysis was performed by various chemometric methods. Result: Multi component methods like Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA)were used to discriminate the tugaksheeree samples using Minitab software. Conclusion: This method can be used as a tool to differentiate samples of tugaksheeree from its adulterants and substitutes.

scholarly journals Multivariate Statistical Approach for Nephrines in Women with Obesity

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 1393
Author(s):  
Ralitsa Robeva ◽  
Miroslava Nedyalkova ◽  
Georgi Kirilov ◽  
Atanaska Elenkova ◽  
Sabina Zacharieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Exploratory Data Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Exploratory Data

Catecholamines are physiological regulators of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism during stress, but their chronic influence on metabolic changes in obese patients is still not clarified. The present study aimed to establish the associations between the catecholamine metabolites and metabolic syndrome (MS) components in obese women as well as to reveal the possible hidden subgroups of patients through hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis. The 24-h urine excretion of metanephrine and normetanephrine was investigated in 150 obese women (54 non diabetic without MS, 70 non-diabetic with MS and 26 with type 2 diabetes). The interrelations between carbohydrate disturbances, metabolic syndrome components and stress response hormones were studied. Exploratory data analysis was used to determine different patterns of similarities among the patients. Normetanephrine concentrations were significantly increased in postmenopausal patients and in women with morbid obesity, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension but not with prediabetes. Both metanephrine and normetanephrine levels were positively associated with glucose concentrations one hour after glucose load irrespectively of the insulin levels. The exploratory data analysis showed different risk subgroups among the investigated obese women. The development of predictive tools that include not only traditional metabolic risk factors, but also markers of stress response systems might help for specific risk estimation in obesity patients.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document