scholarly journals Effects of O2 Fine Bubbles on ELID Grinding Using Conductive Rubber Bond Grinding Wheel

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 657-664
Author(s):  
Katsufumi Inazawa ◽  
Hitoshi Ohmori ◽  
Nobuhide Itoh ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Surface Finishing ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Mirror Surface ◽  
Workpiece Material ◽  
Elid Grinding ◽  
Conductive Rubber ◽  
Grinding Fluid ◽  
Grinding System

This study proposes a new grinding system using grinding fluid containing oxygenic fine bubbles (O2FBs) to realize high-performance electrolytic in-process dressing (ELID) using a conductive rubber bond grinding wheel. It was found that grinding fluid containing O2FBs dramatically increases the dissolved oxygen in the grinding fluid. In addition, the O2FBs in the fluid are drawn to the conductive rubber bond grinding wheel, which is the positive pole, during ELID. These effects are thought to enhance the dressing performance of the conductive rubber bond grinding wheel. Grinding of pure titanium using the proposed grinding system was found to realize mirror surface finishing while increasing the amount of removed workpiece material, compared to when ELID was not applied and to when ELID grinding was conducted using a normal grinding fluid. Effects of ELID grinding on surface modification were also observed, confirming that the proposed grinding system is able to form a thick oxidized film on pure titanium.

scholarly journals ELID Mirror Surface Grinding for Concave Molds by Conductive Elastic Wheel Containing Carbon Black

2022 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-31
Author(s):  
Atsushi Ezura ◽  
Katsufumi Inazawa ◽  
Kazuhiro Omori ◽  
Yoshihiro Uehara ◽  
Nobuhide Itoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Black ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Surface Finishing ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Mirror Surface ◽  
Grinding Wheels ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Shape Accuracy ◽  
Elid Grinding

Elastic grinding wheels have previously been adopted for the development of the mirror surface finishing method for concave spheres. In this study, new conductive elastic grinding wheels, to which electrolytic in-process dressing (ELID) can be applied, are developed; the aim of the study is to address the challenge of maintaining a constant removal rate for rubber bond wheels. When ELID grinding is performed using a non-diene (isobutane isoprene rubber, IIR)-based wheel, a larger removal amount is achieved, and a higher-quality surface is also achieved compared to a diene (acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, NBR)-based wheel. In addition, to investigate the effect of grinding wheel bond hardness on the removal amount and ground shape accuracy, grinding wheels with various levels of hardness are prepared by controlling the amount of carbon black contained in them, and grinding experiments are conducted. Thus, a larger removal amount is achieved using a harder grinding wheel, but the roughness of the ground surfaces deteriorates. Therefore, in practice, it is necessary to select an appropriate grinding wheel that can achieve both productivity and surface quality. Finally, to obtain a high-quality mirror finish on a concave spherical surface, ELID grinding is performed on the workpieces as is done for spherical lens molds. Thus, high-quality mirror surfaces with roughness Ra < 10 nm were generated. When the work pieces are ground using a grinding wheel of the same radius, excessive removal occurs at the edge of the concave spherical profile, decreasing the form accuracy. Numerical simulation demonstrates that chamfering of the grinding wheel is effective for improving the shape accuracy. The results of this study are expected to contribute to automation and cost reduction in the mirror-finishing process for concave molds.

scholarly journals Development of a Desktop Machine Tool for Mirror Surface Grinding

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitoshi Ohmori ◽  
◽  
Yoshihiro Uehara
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Surface Grinding ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Mirror Surface ◽  
Elid Grinding ◽  
Fine Grain ◽  
Abrasive Grain ◽  
Micro Parts ◽  
Grinding Technique ◽  
Grinding System

This paper is a report on the process of developing a desktop machine tool to be used in “Micro Workshops.” It incorporates emerging technologies for the production of “micro parts and components” as a newMonotsukuriThe resultant desktop machine tool was developed after designing structures which simultaneously meet both requirements of lighter weight and sufficient rigidity and which prove to be capable of producing mirror quality finish using the electrolytic in-process dressing (ELID) grinding .system.In order to verify the successful achievement of mirror surface grinding, a fine grain (#8000) abrasive grinding wheel used in the ELID grinding system was employed to generate an aspherical surface by cross grinding technique after completion of development on the aforementioned simultaneous achievement of lightness and rigidity for mainframe structure of the machine.The grinding wheels used in this experiment were a grinding wheel of #1200 diamond abrasive grain bonded with cast iron and another type of grinding wheel of #8000 cerium oxide abrasive grain bonded with metal resin.As the basic experiment, a silica-glass workpiece was ground and finished using the cross-grinding technique. The result showed that stable grinding and finishing operations can be achieved without burning during grinding even by using a very fine abrasive grain of #8000 or higher.

Experimental study on the characteristic and function of oxide film formed on grinding wheel in ELID precision grinding

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 549-555
Author(s):  
Jia-Bo Zhang ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
Xiao-Hui Zhang ◽  
Jia-Liang Guan ◽  
Li-Yan Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxide Film ◽  
Formation Rate ◽  
Combination Method ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Precision Grinding ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Elid Grinding ◽  
Grinding Fluid ◽  
Film Forming ◽  
And Function

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the characteristic and function of oxide film formed on grinding wheel in electrolytic in-process dressing (ELID) precision grinding and improve the quality of ELID grinding. Design/methodology/approach Dynamic film forming experiments were carried out with a simulation device close to the actual processing conditions. Then, the ELID grinding experiments of bearing rings were performed using grinding wheels with good film forming effect. The experiment was designed by quadratic regression general rotation combination method. The influence of grinding depth, electrolytic voltage, duty cycle and grinding wheel linear speed on grinding effect is analyzed. Findings A mathematical model for the formation rate of oxide film was established. The experiments show that the composition of grinding wheel and grinding fluid, as well as the electrical parameters, influence the film forming effect. Thus, the oxide film plays an important role in ELID grinding. Originality/value This study provides a reference for the design and selection of grinding wheel and grinding fluid and the setting of process parameters in ELID grinding.

A Study of a New ELID Grinding Fluid by BP Neural Network Model

2011 ◽  
Vol 58-60 ◽  
pp. 1792-1796
Author(s):  
Wei Li ◽  
Yu Jie Fan
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Bp Neural Network ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Precision Grinding ◽  
Elid Grinding ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
Grinding Fluid ◽  
Hard And Brittle Materials ◽  
Ultra Precision ◽  
Bp Neural Network Model

Electronic in-process dressing (ELID) grinding will be a main technology of ultra-precision grinding which has been widely adopted to the ultra-precision and high effectively machining of hard and brittle materials. This study puts forward a new environmental friendly bamboo charcoal bonded (BCB) grinding wheel and develops a new ELID grinding fluid. An oxide layer is mostly determined by the electric performance of grinding fluid in the experiment. This paper founds a model to forecast grinding fluid’s electric performance by BP neural network and MATLAB. This method can be used in developing of ELID grinding machining fluid to improve the ELID grinding effect.

Manufacturing Technology of α-Fe Bonded Grinding Wheel Free Abrasive

2018 ◽  
Vol 780 ◽  
pp. 111-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Cai Kuai ◽  
Dmitrii V. Ardashev ◽  
Jia Qi Zhang ◽  
Hua Li Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Oxide Film ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Mirror Surface ◽  
Precision Grinding ◽  
Abrasive Particles ◽  
Elid Grinding ◽  
Abrasive Grain ◽  
Ultra Precision ◽  
Free Abrasive

ELID ultra-precision grinding mirror surface can achieve nanometer precision. However, after the grinding wheel passivates the abrasive particles in electrolysis, it is easy to scratch the ultra-precision ELID grinding surface into the grinding process. In order to solve this problem, a non-abrasive grain α-Fe bonded grinding wheel is propose, which contains no abrasive particles. After electrolysis, oxide film is formed on the surface of the wheel. In ultra-precision ELID grinding, there is no abrasive particles involved, only the polishing effect of oxide film. There is no need to worry about the scratching of exfoliated abrasive particles that have been machined on ultra-precision ELID surfaces. Thus achieving extremely high surface accuracy.

The Determination of Efficient Super Finishing Conditions for the Mirror Surface Finishing of Titanium

2011 ◽  
Vol 110-116 ◽  
pp. 3541-3550
Author(s):  
J. S. Kim ◽  
J. D. Hwang ◽  
Y.G. Jung ◽  
O. C. Shin
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Surface Finishing ◽  
Mirror Surface ◽  
Specific Strength ◽  
Machined Parts ◽  
Series Of Experiments

Recently, the demands for superfinishing machines have increased, but the development of superfinishing devices and superfinishing technology remain insufficient. And titanium, with its infinite potential, is widely known as a highly ideal material. It is therefore used in various industries that require precision-machined parts, such as the automobile, chemistry and aerospace industries, due to its outstanding specific strength and corrosion resistance compared to any other alloys. In this study, a series of experiments was performed to determine the mirror surface finishing conditions of titanium as well as efficient superfinishing conditions that can be utilized practically and economically at production sites. The applied conditions were the workpiece rotation speed, the oscillation speed, the contact pressure, the roller hardness and the type of abrasive film used when superfinishing was performed using an abrasive film for titanium-based materials such as pure titanium and titanium alloy. From the experiments, it was confirmed that efficient superfinishing conditions and mirror surface finishing conditions were determined for pure titanium and titanium alloy.

scholarly journals Study on strong spinning preparation method and mechanism of the industrial pure titanium ultrafine crystallization

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 155892501989525
Author(s):  
Yu Yang ◽  
Yanyan Jia
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Grain Structure ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Ultrafine Grain ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Spinning Process ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Material Utilization

Ultrafine crystallization of industrial pure titanium allowed for higher tensile strength, corrosion resistance, and thermal stability and is therefore widely used in medical instrumentation, aerospace, and passenger vehicle manufacturing. However, the ultrafine crystallizing batch preparation of tubular industrial pure titanium is limited by the development of the spinning process and has remained at the theoretical research stage. In this article, the tubular TA2 industrial pure titanium was taken as the research object, and the ultrafine crystal forming process based on “5-pass strong spin-heat treatment-3 pass-spreading-heat treatment” was proposed. Based on the spinning process test, the ultimate thinning rate of the method is explored and the evolution of the surface microstructure was analyzed by metallographic microscope. The research suggests that the multi-pass, medium–small, and thinning amount of spinning causes the grain structure to be elongated in the axial and tangential directions, and then refined, and the axial fiber uniformity is improved. The research results have certain scientific significance for reducing the consumption of high-performance metals improving material utilization and performance, which also promote the development of ultrafine-grain metals’ preparation technology.

Influence of Tooth Errors and Truing Principles of Grinding Wheel Abrasion for Machining Arc Enveloping Worm

2013 ◽  
Vol 652-654 ◽  
pp. 2153-2158
Author(s):  
Wu Ji Jiang ◽  
Jing Wei
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
High Precision ◽  
High Performance ◽  
New Method ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
The Mathematical Model

Controlling the tooth errors induced by the variation of diameter of grinding wheel is the key problem in the process of ZC1 worm grinding. In this paper, the influence of tooth errors by d1, m and z1 as the grinding wheel diameter changes are analyzed based on the mathematical model of the grinding process. A new mathematical model and truing principle for the grinding wheel of ZC1 worm is presented. The shape grinding wheel truing of ZC1 worm is carried out according to the model. The validity and feasibility of the mathematical model is proved by case studies. The mathematical model presented in this paper provides a new method for reducing the tooth errors of ZC1 worm and it can meet the high-performance and high-precision requirements of ZC1 worm grinding.

High Performance Metal Surface Coating Using Ta2O5 Thin Film Prepared by D.C. Magnetron Sputtering

2014 ◽  
Vol 979 ◽  
pp. 240-243
Author(s):  
Narathon Khemasiri ◽  
Chanunthorn Chananonnawathorn ◽  
Mati Horprathum ◽  
Pitak Eiamchai ◽  
Pongpan Chindaudom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Film Thickness ◽  
Metal Surface ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Grazing Incidence ◽  
Surface Finishing ◽  
Afm Micrographs ◽  
Protective Performance

Tantalum oxide (Ta2O5) thin films were deposited as the protective layers for the metal surface finishing by the DC reactive magnetron sputtering system. The effect of the Ta2O5 film thickness, ranging from 25 nm to 200 nm, on the physical properties and the anti-corrosive performance were investigated. The grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD) and the atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to examine the crystal structures and the surface topologies of the prepared films, respectively. The XRD results showed that the Ta2O5 thin films were all amorphous. The AFM micrographs demonstrated the film morphology with quite smooth surface features. The surface roughness tended to be rough when the film thickness was increased. To examine the protective performance of the films, the poteniostat and galvanometer was utilized to examine the electrochemical activities with the 1M NaCl as the corrosive electrolyte. The results from the I-V polarization curves (Tafel slope) indicated that, with the Ta2O5 thin film, the current density was significantly reduced by 3 orders of magnitude when compared with the blank sample. Such results were observed because of fully encapsulated surface of the samples were covered with the sputtered Ta2O5 thin films. The study also showed that the Ta2O5 thin film deposited at 50 nm yielded the most extreme protective performance. The Ta2O5 thin films therefore could be optimized for the smallest film thickness for highly potential role in the protective performance of the metal surface finishing products.

Grinding Fluid Flow Field Modeling and Multi-Parameter Numerical Analysis Based on Smooth Model

2010 ◽  
Vol 156-157 ◽  
pp. 948-955
Author(s):  
Guang Yao Meng ◽  
Ji Wen Tan ◽  
Yi Cui
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Flow Field ◽  
Dynamic Pressure ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Lubricating Film ◽  
Fluid Field ◽  
Grinding Fluid ◽  
Smooth Model ◽  
Area Increase

Relative motion between grinding wheel and workpiece makes the lubricant film pressure formed by grinding fluid in the grinding area increase, consequently, dynamic pressure lubrication forms. The grinding fluid flow field mathematical model in smooth grinding area is established based on lubrication theory. The dynamic pressure of grinding fluid field, flow velocity and carrying capacity of lubricating film are calculated by the numerical analysis method. An analysis of effect of grinding fluid hydrodynamic on the total lifting force is performed, and the results are obtained.

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