scholarly journals FORMATION OF CORN PRODUCTIVITY IN CROP ROTATION DEPENDING ON LONG-TERM FERTILIZATION AND LIMING

2021 ◽  
Vol 358 (57) ◽  
pp. 29-40
Author(s):  
Oleh STASIV ◽  
◽  
Yuriy OLIFIR ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Joint Application ◽  
Aluminum Compounds ◽  
Corn Productivity ◽  
Fertilizer System ◽  
Hydrolytic Acidity

Corn (Zea mays L.) is one of the main source of feed and food resources. The importance of this culture in the world economy continues to grow. In Ukraine corn is an export-oriented crop of universal purpose and high potential. Based on the results of research in the ninth rotation of long-term stationary experiment, it was found that in the Western Forest-Steppe in four-field crop rotation on Albic Stagnic Luvisol the highest productivity of corn 73 t . ha–1 is formed by organo-mineral fertilizing system with systematic joint application of 10 t . ha–1 manure, N65Р68К68 on the background of periodic liming with 1.0 n CaCO3 by hydrolytic acidity. It is shown that long-term unilateral application of mineral fertilizer system (more than 50 years) on acidic soil along with the accumulation of nitrogen compounds increases the acidity and content of mobile aluminum compounds, leads to blocking the activity of enzyme systems, reducing absorption and transformation of nutrients and in consequence the formation of low-yield corn at the level of control without fertilizers.

scholarly journals Carbon dioxide emission and humus status of Albic Stagnic Luvisol under different fertilization regimes

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 320-328
Author(s):  
Y. M. Olifir ◽  
A. J. Habryiel ◽  
T. V. Partyka ◽  
O. S. Havryshko
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Buffering Capacity ◽  
Ph Buffering ◽  
Humus Status ◽  
Ph Buffering Capacity ◽  
Hydrolytic Acidity

The increase in the carbon dioxide content in the atmosphere, which enhances the greenhouse effect and leads to climate change, is the fundamental scientific problem of nowadays. Modern approaches to fertility management technologies of acid soils based on the principles of resource conservation and environmental safety are presented. They are based on the results of the study of carbon dioxide emission intensity, humus status, and crop rotation productivity in a classic long-term agricultural experiment under the influence of long-term use of various fertilizer systems with the application of ameliorant doses calculated by pH buffering capacity and hydrolytic acidity. The organo-mineral fertilizer system with the addition of 10 t of manure per ha of crop rotation area + N65P68K68, liming with a CaCO3 dose calculated according to pH buffering capacity (2.5 t/ha) contributes most to the optimization of soil processes. At the same time, it ensures the rational use of fertilizers and ameliorants, preservation of fertility, optimizes the processes of humus formation and carbon dioxide release. A high level of productivity of Albic Stagnic Luvisols forms under these conditions – 7.38 t/ha of grain units. Application of 1.0 and 1.5 lime norms calculated according to soil hydrolytic acidity with organic-mineral and mineral fertilizer systems on Albic Stagnic Luvisols in a short four-field crop rotation is not only a high-cost measure. However, it causes significant carbon loss in the form of CO2 due to additional mineralization. It is accompanied by calcium leaching and creates environmental problems in the conditions of the periodic washing-off water regime. Therefore, liming by CaCO3 dose calculated according to acid-base buffering capacity should be carried out before each of the following rotations in order to harmonize the environmental and productive functions of Albic Stagnic Luvisols in the short crop rotation. The obtained research results will be used to improve the methodology for determining carbon dioxide emissions and predicting the effect of various fertilizer and liming systems on its balance in the soil.

scholarly journals Redox potential change of light grey forest surface-gleyed soils depending on the long-term anthropogenic impact

2017 ◽  
pp. 71-79
Author(s):  
Oleg Havryshko ◽  
Yuriy Olifir ◽  
Tetiana Partyka
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Redox Potential ◽  
Buffer Capacity ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Ph Buffer ◽  
Fertilizer System ◽  
Hydrolytic Acidity

Influence of prolonged application of various fertilizer systems and periodic liming on the dynamics of redox potential (ROP) of light grey forest surface-gleyed soils under different crop rotations is presented in the research results. The obtained ROP indexes showed significant variability in variants of experiment depending on the fertilizer, lime and terms of determination in both fields of winter wheat and spring barley. The highest ROP values in variants with organo-mineral and mineral fertilizer systems with background of liming were observed in spring. They decreased during the period of maximum growth and development of winter wheat and spring barley together with the growth of microbiological activity and the intensity of CO2 release, and slightly increased before harvesting. It was established that the application of organo-mineral and mineral fertilizer systems with the background of liming with CaCO3 dose, calculated according to hydrolytic acidity, to the greatest extent increase ROP, especially during the period of intensive growth and development of plants. Compared to similar fertilizer system with the background of liming with a CaCO3 dose, calculated according to the pH- buffer capacity, it contributes to one-sided growth of oxidation processes and additional mineralization of humus. Thus, the organo-mineral fertilizer system with the application of 10 tons of manure per hectare of crop rotation and one norm of mineral fertilizers (N65P68K68) with the background of liming with CaCO3 dose, calculated according to the pH-buffer capacity (2.5 t/ha), contributes to rational use, preservation and fertility protection of light grey forest surface-gleyed soils, optimizing the redox potential during whole growing season of crops, and provides high yields. Studies have shown that during whole growing season of winter wheat and spring barley the lowest values of oxidation were obtained with the long-term use (for 50 years) of mineral fertilizer system with the introduction of one norm of mineral fertilizers only. It led to a decrease in the actual soil acidity to 4,03 pHKCl units and the increase of hydrolytic acidity to 5.11 mg-eq/100 g of soil. This once again emphasizes the importance of periodic liming of acid light grey forest surface-gleyed soils as a factor weakening the negative influence of mineral fertilizers. Key words: light grey forest surface-gleyed soils, redox potential, mineral fertilizers, manure, lime.

scholarly journals Influence of ecological and agrochemical factors on the level of soybean yield

2019 ◽  
pp. 16-18
Author(s):  
V. T. Sinegovskaya ◽  
E. T. Naumchenko
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Soybean Yield ◽  
Organic Mineral ◽  
Annual Grasses ◽  
Fertilizer System

The article presents the results of studies on the effectiveness of the use of mineral and organic-mineral fertilizer systems in a long-term stationary 5-course soy-grain crop rotation depending on agro-ecological factors. The goal of research is to study the effect of long-term application of mineral (annually N42 P48 kg of active ingredient / ha of crop rotation area) and organic-mineral (annually N24 P30 kg of active ingredient + 4.8 t of manure per 1 ha of crop rotation area) fertilizer system on the productivity of soybean in crop rotation. The objects of research were mid-ripening and early-ripening soybean varieties, preceding crops - annual grasses (soy-oat mixture) and spring wheat. The preceding crops, variety and hydrothermal conditions under which soybean was grown from 1963 to 2017 were considered as agro-ecological factors. It was established that the highest yield of soybean was obtained when placing soybean crops after wheat, while by the number of years, the yield level of 1,8 – 2,0 t/ha was repeated 16 % more often than when growing soybean after annual grasses. The maximum increase in yield relative to the control (0, 17 t/ha) was formed by the long-term use of organic-mineral fertilizer system for soybean cultivated after wheat. In cold wet years, the use of organic-mineral fertilizer system ensured plant resistance to unfavorable weather conditions, stimulating an increase in the soybean yield relative to the control by 0,18 t/ha. The most responsive to fertilizer application were the mid-ripening soybean varieties: the increase in grain yield amounted to 0,03 – 0,20 t/ha relative to the control, and the realization of potential yield of the variety increased by 2–7 %.

scholarly journals WAYS TO INCREASE THE EFFICIENCY OF LONG-TERM APPLICATION OF DIFFERENT FERTILIZER SYSTEMS IN SHORT-TERM CROP ROTATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
L. V. Potapenko ◽  
L. М. Skachok ◽  
N. I. Horbachenko
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Podzolic Soil ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Fertilizer System ◽  
Nutrient Reserves

Objective. To evaluate the influence of different fertilizer systems in combination with microbial preparations on the change of nutritional regime of sod-podzolic soil and the yield of crops of short-term crop rotation in the Polissia region. Methods. Fields — stationary experiment, laboratory, mathematical and statistical. Results. On the basis of studies conducted in a long-term stationary experiment on sod-podzolic soil, analysis and determination of dependence between the content of available compounds of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium on fertilizer systems and microbial preparations was performed. It was found that the highest nutrient reserves in the soil were in the organo-mineral fertilizer system “manure + green manure + NPK” in combination with microbial preparations: the content of mineral compounds of nitrogen — 82.32 kg/ha, available phosphorus — 223 mg/kg of soil, and exchangeable potassium — 122 mg/kg, which is 1.8, 1.4 and 1.6 times higher than the parameter of the mineral fertilizer system, respectively. At the same time, due to the inoculation of seeds nitrogen reserves in the soil can increase up to 26 %. The application of the fertilizer system “manure + green manure + NPK” provides an optimal level of root nutrition of crops of short-term crop rotation and, as a consequence, the highest productivity of crops, which amounted to: winter rye — 5.2 FU (fodder units), potatoes — 7.7 FU, oats — 3.3, lupine — 3.8 FU on background without inoculation and 5.7, 8.3, 3.9 and 4.4 FU, respectively, when microbial preparations were applied. The increase due to inoculation with this fertilizer system amounted to 0.5 fodder units (FU) for winter rye, 0.5 FU for potatoes, and 0.6 FU for oats, and 0.6 FU for lupine. Conclusion. The nutrient regime of sod-podzolic soil depends on the use of various fertilizer systems in combination with microbial preparations. Organic-mineral fertilizer system “manure + green manure + NPK” under the use of microbial preparations is most effective for growing crops on sod-podzolic soil in short-term crop rotation. This combined fertilizer system contributes to the greatest accumulation of nutrient reserves: nitrogen mineral compounds — 82.3 kg/ha, available phosphorus — 220 mg/kg of soil and exchangeable potassium — 122 mg/kg.

FERTILIZATION SYSTEM AS A WAY OF SOIL FERTILITY AND STABILIZATION OF FIELD CROP ROTATION PRODUCTIVENESS

1970 ◽  
pp. 38-41
Author(s):  
V. T. Sinegovskaya ◽  
E. T. Naumchenko
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Rotation System ◽  
Mobile Phosphorus ◽  
Crop Rotation System ◽  
Fertilizer System

The article presents the results of comparative evaluation of the efficiency of the long-term application of mineral and organic fertilizers in the crop rotation system. It was found that the application of the mineral fertilizer system increased the value of hydrolytic acidity of the soil from 4,30 to 5,29 mg-eq per 100 g of soil, the indicator of metabolic acidity decreased from 5,2 to 4,9 pH units. By the end of the 11th rotation for both fertilizer systems, the content of mobile phosphorus increased by more than 4 times relative to the initial value, its mobility indicator – by 2,2-3,2 times compared with the control. The use of the organo-mineral system was accompanied by an increase in the content of humus by 0,35 % and a decrease in the C:N ratio from 11,2 to 8,9. The increased productivity of wheat was revealed when applying nitrogen and nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizers against the background of prolonged use of the mineral and organo-mineral fertilizer system. The change in wheat productivity by 56 % depended on the content of mineral nitrogen, mobile phosphorus, humus in the topsoil, and on the phosphate ion mobility. Soybean productivity depended on soil fertility indicators only by 24 %: the relationship between soybean productivity and the mineral forms of nitrogen and phosphorus is weak and direct, between productivity and P2O5 mobility - weak and inverse, with humus - moderate and direct.

Productivity and quality of soybean seeds with different fertilization on podzolized chernozem

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (97) ◽  
pp. 136-144
Author(s):  
H.M. Hospodarenko ◽  
◽  
I.V. Prokopchuk ◽  
K. P. Leonova ◽  
V.P. Boyko
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Different Doses

The productivity of agricultural crops is the most variable and integral indicator of their vital activity, which accumulates their genetic potential, soil fertility, weather conditions and components of agricultural technology. Soybean under optimal growing conditions (the reaction of the soil is close to neutral, sufficient phosphorus and potassium nutrition, the use of nitraginization) assimilates from the air about 70 % of the total nitrogen requirement. Therefore, it is believed that it is enough to apply only a starting dose of nitrogen fertilizers (20–40 kg/ha a. s.), to get a high yield with good indicators of grain quality. The results of studies of the influence of long-term (8 years) application of different doses and ratios of fertilizers in field crop rotation on podzolized chernozem in the conditions of the Right -Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine on the yield and quality of soybean seeds preceded by spring barley were presented. It was found that crop yields could be increased by 18–77 % owing to different doses, ratios and types of fertilizers. The highest indicators of seed yields for three years of the research (3,02 t/ha) were obtained under the application of mineral fertilizers at a dose of N110P60K80 per 1 ha of crop rotation area, including under soybean – N60P60K60. Exclusion of the nitrogen component from the complete fertilizer (N60P60K60) reduced its yield by 26 %, phosphorus – by 17, and potassium by 11 %. There was no significant decrease in soybean yield in the variant of the experiment with a decrease in the proportion of potassium in the composition of complete mineral fertilizer (N60P60K30) for three years of study. The largest mass of 1000 soybean seeds was formed at doses of N60К60 fertilizers, and their protein content — under the application of complete mineral fertilizer in doses of N60P60K60 and N60P60K30.

scholarly journals Productivity of topinambur on podzolic degradated soils

Bioenergy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Lopushniak ◽  
B. Barchak ◽  
T. Yakubovski ◽  
H. Hrytsuliak
Keyword(s):  
Plant Community ◽  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Soil System ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Dry Biomass ◽  
Fertilizer System ◽  
Hydrolytic Acidity

Purpose of research. To determine rational fertilization systems for growing topinambur on low fertility soil to increase the productivity of plant community in order to strengthen the feedstock base for the production of bioethanol. Methods. Field, accounting, laboratory, and analytical. Results. It was established that the topinambur can be successfully grown on degraded eroded podzolic low fertility soil. A rational organo-mineral fertilizer system with the introduction of 15–20 t/ha of manure and N40–65P40–53K40–70 as well as the introduction of the microbiological formulation Filazonit MC (10 L/ha) improves the productivity and green weight of Jerusalem artichoke significantly compared without fertilizer. The total yield of dry biomass increases by 7.3–7.5 t/ha or by 100–102%. However, in the process of using plantations for 3–4 years, the yield of dry biomass is significantly reduced. Therefore, re-fertilization is required. Fertilizer systems exert unequal influence on the formation of the nutrient regime of degraded soil. The organo-mineral fertilizer system is characterized by a certain ameliorative effect on the soil system and helps to reduce the acidity of the soil environment, reducing hydrolytic acidity by 0.23–0.42 mmol/100 g of soil, or by 14–26%. As the proportion of organic fertilizers in the fertilizer system increases, the hydrolytic acidity index decreases. Fertilizing causes an increase in the content of the available basic mineral nutrients in the soil. Conclusions. Organo-mineral fertilizer system for artichoke has significant advantages over organic and mineral ones, because of the best agrochemical indices of soil, the highest yield of green mass and the tubers, which leads to the highest yield dry weight of the harvest. During fertilization, the green mass increases more intensively than the tuber crop. The use of fertilizers in smaller quantities increases the yield of aboveground biomass, and the increased rates of complete mineral fertilizers (ΣNPK = 390 kg/ha of active substance) provide an increase in the proportion of tubers in the total dry matter yield. An additional factor in increasing biological productivity of artichoke’s plant community is the introduction of biologically active agents, such as Filazonitu MC, which contributes insignificantly artichoke tubers improve yield and yield a significant increase in aboveground biomass through activation of microbiological processes in soil and plant growth processes.

scholarly journals CHANGE IN THE AGROPHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF LEACHED CHERNOZEM DEPENDING ON MINIMIZING THE BASIC SOIL TILLAGE

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
Mars Ilyasov ◽  
Irina Suhanova ◽  
Liliya Bikkinina ◽  
Valentin Sidorov
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Leached Chernozem ◽  
Primary Tillage ◽  
Fertilizer System

The possibility of minimizing the main tillage in crop rotation, the use of a fertilizer system in order to develop methods for increasing productivity and improving agrophysical characteristics on leached chernozem of the Republic of Tatarstan is investigated. The stationary field experience in crop rotation was laid in 2016 on a busy pair (vetch-oat mix), where various systems of primary tillage were studied: annual dump plowing - control option; dump plowing, planar loosening, longline plowing, chisel loosening - in subsequent years by surface peeling. The data obtained in field experiments indicate that, using various primary tillage and fertilizer systems, agrophysical properties can be regulated, and conditions can be created for the conservation and reproduction of soil fertility of leached chernozem. The organic and mineral fertilizer system contributed to an increase in the moisture content in the meter soil layer by 2.1-16.1 mm compared to the mineral fertilizer system. Studies have shown that the introduction of manure at a rate of 60 tons per hectare before rotation of the crop rotation in 2016 contributed to a decrease in bulk density in the 0-40 cm layer compared to the LSG to 0.04 g/cm3. The water permeability of the soil depended on the depth and system of tillage, its moisture content and the crop grown. The use of a tiered soil cultivation system contributed to an increase in wheat yields for both fertilizer backgrounds by 0.8 tons per hectare (OMSU) and 0.7 tons per hectare (MSU), respectively, in comparison with the control variant. Calculations showed that the use of longline plowing in combination with small-scale processing using the organic-mineral fertilizer system ensured a reduction in the cost of main products compared to traditional waste processing to 12%, a net income growth from 1 ha to 15% and a profitability level to 22% .

scholarly journals Maize (Zea mays L.) yield stability dependence on crop rotation, fertilization and climatic conditions in a long-term experiment on Haplic Chernozem

2013 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srđan Šeremešić ◽  
Ivica Đalović ◽  
Dragiša Milošev ◽  
Đorđe Jocković ◽  
Borivoj Pejić
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Yield Stability ◽  
Term Experiment ◽  
Long Term Experiment

scholarly journals Influence of long-term fertilization on yield and quality of spring triticale grain

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hryhorii Hospodarenko ◽  
◽  
Vitalii Liubych ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Spring Triticale ◽  
National University ◽  
Fertilizer System

Triticale (×Triticosecale Wittmack) is a promising cereal crop that has a number of economically valuable properties that are absent in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The research was conducted at Uman National University of Horticulture (Ukraine) in a long-term stationary experiment, founded in 1964. The aim of the work was to study the influence of long-term application of different fertilizer systems (mineral, organic and organo-mineral) on the yield and grain quality of spring triticale. It has been established that in the conditions of high air temperature and soil moisture deficit, mineral and organo-mineral fertilizer systems have an advantage. In sufficient wet conditions, all studied fertilizer systems are highly efficient. Spring triticale (Kharkiv Hlibodar variety) has a high reaction to fertilizers, as grain yield increases from 6.3–6.6 to 9.0–9.5 t ha-1 (р≤0.05). Mineral and organo-mineral fertilizer systems have the greatest effect on protein content. In conditions of sufficient moisture, all levels of mineral and organo-mineral fertilizer systems significantly increase the protein content in spring triticale grain. In arid conditions, saturation of crop rotation area with N90P90K90 (M2), N135P135K135 (M3) and Manure 9 t +N46P68K36 (OM2), Manure 13.5 t + N69P102K54 (OM3) is preferred. It should be noted that spring triticale is quite reactive with fertilizers, as the protein content increases from 13.2–14.0 to 15.2–16.0% (р≤0.05) depending on the fertilizer system. The high influence of fertilizer system and year factors on yield and protein content in triticale grain has been established. It should be noted that spring triticale grain yield varies most from the weather conditions of the growing season.

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