scholarly journals Radioisotopes in Agricultural Industry

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Mansoureh Pourjafar
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Reactors ◽  
Current Paper ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
Canned Food ◽  
Agricultural Industry ◽  
Food Grains ◽  
Agricultural Produce ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Vast Range

<p>In environment there are approximately 300 nuclei, containing of different components and their isotopes. Isotopes are nuclei having the similar number of protons and different number of neutrons. Radioisotopes can be applied in vast range of agricultural systems. Scientists are solving the mysteries of multitude agricultural difficulties, which could not have been conceivable with formal ways. Radioisotopes were used in many range of application such as killing insects which damage the food grains by radiations, determining the function of fertilizers in different plants and increase the agricultural produce. Fruits, cereals, canned food and vegetables can be stored for longer periods by moderately exposing them to radiations. Uses of radioisotopes applicable techniques are helping the researchers to find the answer of difficulties in much lesser time. Radioisotopes can be produce from different sources such as nuclear reactors and other atomic installations, and this situation have increased the use of radioisotopes in the agricultural systems. The current paper shortly illustrates the importance of radioisotopes and their radiation in the agricultural areas.</p>

scholarly journals Viewpoint: effective stakeholder communication in agriculture: together we stand, divided we fall!

2014 ◽  
Vol 152 (S1) ◽  
pp. 65-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. F. M. AARTS ◽  
J. HUMPHREYS ◽  
A. LE GALL
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Research Output ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Current Paper ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
Regional Networks ◽  
Effective Application ◽  
Agricultural Knowledge ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Stakeholder Communication

SUMMARYSubstantial improvements of agricultural systems are necessary to meet the future requirements of humanity. However, current agricultural knowledge and information systems are generally not well suited to meet the necessary improvements in productivity and sustainability. For more effective application of research output, research producers and research consumers should not be considered as separate individuals in the knowledge chain but as collaborating partners creating synergy. The current paper investigates the relationships between scientists and stakeholders and identifies approaches to increase the effectiveness of their communication. On-farm research has proven to be an effective means of improving exploitation of research output at farm level because it connects all relevant partners in the process. Furthermore, pilot farms can act as an effective platform for communication and dissemination. Regional networks of pilot farms should be established and connected across regions.

scholarly journals Design of modular removable road pavement slabs for the agro-industrial complex

2020 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 11025
Author(s):  
Sergey Shevchenko ◽  
Sergey Ukolov ◽  
Dmitry Simonov ◽  
Vladimir Trepalin ◽  
Liliya Yustikova
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Agricultural Industry ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Agricultural Areas

The article deals with the justification for the design of a modular removable road pavement plate (slab) intended for high-speed construction of road sections and access roads to various objects of agricultural infrastructure under difficult off-road conditions. The proposed designs can be widely used in the rehabilitation of motor roads in the agricultural areas of eliminating the consequences of natural calamities, accidents and disasters in transport communications, at agricultural industry facilities, as well as for the deployment of road service enterprises.

Multiple equilibria, soil conservation investments, and the resilience of agricultural systems

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 477-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN M. ANTLE ◽  
JETSE J. STOORVOGEL ◽  
ROBERTO O. VALDIVIA
Keyword(s):  
Soil Conservation ◽  
Soil Degradation ◽  
Multiple Equilibria ◽  
Threshold Level ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
Conservation Investment ◽  
Positive Return ◽  
Conservation Technologies

This paper provides a new explanation for the persistent land degradation in some parts of the world, despite the availability of seemingly effective soil conservation technologies. We demonstrate that soil conservation technologies may induce agricultural systems to exhibit equilibria characterized by both low and high levels of soil degradation. These two equilibria are separated by a threshold level of soil degradation beyond which a conservation investment will not yield a positive return. Once a parcel of land crosses this productivity threshold, soil degradation becomes economically irreversible (it is not profitable to invest in soil conservation) even though the degradation may be technically reversible. A case study of terracing investments in Peru is used to demonstrate the existence of multiple equilibria under conditions typical of many marginal agricultural areas. These findings help explain why attempts to encourage permanent adoption of soil conservation practices often fail, and how more successful policies could be designed.

scholarly journals Before the Bulldozer Hits the Ground: Measuring Farmland Loss in Ontario

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Epp and James Newlands
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Farm Land ◽  
Agricultural Industry ◽  
Current State ◽  
Precise Understanding ◽  
Constant State ◽  
Agricultural Areas

Rural Ontario is in a constant state of change, as economic, environmental and political pressures impact the viability and resilience of many rural communities. Agricultural areas, in particular, are often negatively impacted by such changes, as this land may be more valuable for development purposes. Farmland is often redesignated to residential, commercial or aggregate land uses, among others, significantly impacting the viability of the agricultural industry. The future sustainability of agriculture in Ontario is dependent upon a stable land base and precise understanding of the availability of farmland. To date, accurate data regarding the amount of farmland being converted to non-farm land uses is not available as existing methods have significant limitations regarding data accuracy, consistency and timing. This research seeks to evaluate the current state of Ontario's farmland in terms of the land available and policies regarding land conservation. In order to ensure that farmland is available, it is necessary to measure the existing land base and determine the quantity of land being lost to development. This study has developed a new methodology for measuring the amount of farmland converted to non-farm land uses through official plan amendments and has been applied to nine regions and counties in southern Ontario. This presentation and poster will detail this new methodology and provide an analysis of the data collected to date. Recommendations regarding policy development, challenges associated with data collection and future research will also be presented.

scholarly journals Zoneamento Geoambiental para o uso sustentável de aquíferos no município de Pirassununga-SP (Geoenvironmental Zoning for sustainable use of aquifers in the municipality Pirassununga-SP)

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1277
Author(s):  
Josmila Fernandes Da Silva ◽  
Isadora Haddad Ruiz ◽  
João Vitor Roque Guerrero ◽  
Luiz Eduardo Moschini
Keyword(s):  
Physical Environment ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Public Managers ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Very High ◽  
Potential Tool

O avanço das atividades antrópicas no processo de ocupação do ambiente físico desencadeia impactos negativos na qualidade e disponibilidade de recursos naturais. Entre os recursos impactados estão os depósitos de águas subterrâneas que apresentam suscetibilidade a diferentes fontes de contaminação, natural ou antrópica, de acordo com características do meio, que apresenta capacidade de potencializar ou reduzir esse processo. Dentre as atividades com maior potencial a contaminação das unidades aquíferas está o cultivo de monocultura de cana-de-açúcar e áreas agrícolas com solo exposto, ambas identificadas no município de Pirassununga-SP. Neste sentido o objetivo do presente trabalho foi elaborar uma proposta preliminar de Zoneamento Geoambiental que visa o uso sustentável dos aquíferos em Pirassununga-SP, de modo a conservar a qualidade e disponibilidade das águas subterrâneas. Com base na análise do meio físico e antrópico da área e estudo, foi possível obter a caracterização geoambiental e interpretar as potencialidades à contaminação das unidades aquíferas presentes em Pirassununga-SP. Os resultados foram obtidos elaborando-se a cartografia geoambiental da área, e posterior aplicação das metodologias de Soma Ponderada e Lógica Fuzzy que relacionam os fatores geoambiental, no qual zonas com diferentes potenciais à contaminação foram geradas. Em sua maioria a área urbana, localizada na região central do município, demonstrou potencial baixo e médio a contaminação, enquanto zonas de alto e muito alto potencial encontram-se na área rural. A partir disso, o zoneamento demonstrou-se uma ferramenta potencial básica para o desenvolvimento de ações de gestores públicos, visando um planejamento territorial mais sustentável.   A B S T R A C TThe advancement of anthropogenic Activities in the occupation process of the physical environment triggers negative impacts on the quality and availability of natural resources. Among the impacted resources are groundwater deposits that present susceptibility to different sources of contamination, natural or anthropic, according to characteristics of the physical environment, which present capacity to enhance or reduce this process. Among the activities with the greatest potential the contamination of the aquifers units are contamination of the aquifers units is the cultivation of sugar cane monoculture and agricultural areas with exposed soil, both identified in the municipality of Pirassununga-SP. Hence the objective of this work was to draw up a preliminary proposal of geoenvironmental zoning aimed at the sustainable use of aquifers in Pirassununga-SP, in order to preserve the quality and availability of groundwater. Through the analysis of the physical and anthropic environment of the municipality, it was possible to obtain the characterization of the study area and interpret as potentialities contamination of the units aquifers presents in Pirassununga-SP. The results were obtained from the drawing up the geoenvironmental cartography of the area, and subsequent application of the methodology of Weighted Sum and Fuzzy Logic that related the geoenvironmental factors, in which, areas with different potentials to the contamination generated. Mostly the urban area, located in the central region of the municipality demonstrated low and medium potential for contamination and, how much the high and very high potential areas are in the rural area. From this, the zoning demonstrated a basic potential tool for the development of actions of public managers, aiming at a more sustainable territorial planningKeywords: geoenvironmental cartography, contamination potential, gis, zoning.

scholarly journals CONTAMINATION OF SOILS BY HEAVY METALS AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON THE ENVIRONMENT IN BULGARIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 982-987
Author(s):  
Tsvetelina Petrova ◽  
Iskra Simova ◽  
Martin Pushkarov ◽  
Rositsa Velichkova ◽  
Detelin Markov
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Current Paper ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Military Industry ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
Contamination Of Soils ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Sources

Heavy metals are one of the major pollutants. The main sources of pollution are industry, transport, the use of pesticides and mineral fertilizers in agriculture, the military industry, etc. Pollution is mostly around businesses, highways and treated terrains and they are polymetallic, mostly from Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Hg, As and others. In the current paper the main heavy metals for Bulgaria for the different sources of pollution are presented. An analysis of data for problem areas is made, according to sources of pollution. An analysis of the impact of pollutants on the environment is also conducted.

scholarly journals Flower Strips in Wheat Intercropping System: Effect on Pollinator Abundance and Diversity in Belgium

Insects ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara Amy ◽  
Grégoire Noël ◽  
Séverin Hatt ◽  
Roel Uyttenbroeck ◽  
Frank Van de Meutter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
System Effect ◽  
Pollinator Abundance ◽  
Pollinator Species ◽  
Pollinator Community ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
Agricultural Areas

The decline of pollinators in agricultural areas has been observed for some decades, this being partly due to landscape simplification in intensive agrosystems. Diversifying agricultural landscapes by sowing flower strips within fields could reduce these adverse effects on biodiversity. In this context, the study presented here aimed at assessing and comparing the abundance and diversity of bees (Hymenoptera: Anthophila) and hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) found and visiting flowers in three types of flower strips in Belgium: (i) a mixture of 11 wild flowers, (ii) a monofloral strip of Dimorphoteca pluvialis (Asteraceae) and (iii) a monofloral strip of Camelina sativa (Brassicaceae), where the last two are considered to be intercrops since they are valuable on the market, all sown within a field of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Pollinators were captured with pan traps and by netting in standardised transects from May to July 2017. One-thousand one-hundred and eighty-four individuals belonging to 43 bee species and 18 hoverfly species were collected. Significant differences in hoverfly diversity were found between the different flower strips. The multifloral treatment supported a greater diversity of syrphid species. Various pollinator species visited the different flowers composing the mixture and also D. pluvialis. The pollinator community proved to be predominantly generalist, with the exception of an oligolectic species in Belgium, Andrena nitidiuscula. Moreover, the three tested flower strips were effective in attracting hoverflies, among them natural enemies of insect pests. This study opens new perspectives in the design of intercropping systems with flower strips towards the design of sustainable agro-ecosystems. Improving economic profitability of sowing flower strips could encourage farmers to diversify their agricultural systems and foster conservation biology strategies.

Performance Studies on Solar Photovoltaic Thermal System for Crop Drying

2013 ◽  
Vol 768 ◽  
pp. 90-97
Author(s):  
Mahesh B. Gorawar ◽  
P.P. Revankar ◽  
Vijay Tambarallimath ◽  
K. Shekar
Keyword(s):  
Performance Studies ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Food Grains ◽  
Agricultural Produce ◽  
Photovoltaic Thermal System ◽  
Child Mortality Rate

The growing population demands adequate supply of food grains for its sustenance and supporting life activities. The agricultural produce in India has increased over the years due to improved farm practices despite of which the country is ranked 2nd in terms of the number of children suffering malnutrition. It is reported that the child mortality rate in the country due to hunger and sanitation is above 1,000 per day. The post harvest losses in India are estimated at 4 to 6 percent for food grains and 16 to 18 percent for fruits and vegetables occurring at various stages of harvesting, storage and processing. The post harvest remedies for the loss of food grains and other agricultural produce includes better post harvest storage techniques based on removal of moisture to store the produce without being perished. The crop drying techniques based on use of renewable energy offer succor to save the large agricultural produce that goes to drains without being consumed.The reported work deals with design of a solar crop dryer for drying based on solar Photovoltaic/ Thermal (SPV/T) techniqueKeywordsPost harvest losses, solar crop drying, solar PV/T systems,drying rate

scholarly journals Avaliação da qualidade do solo em agroecossistemas na zona rural de São Bentinho-PB

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
M. F. A. Alves ◽  
S. N. Ribeiro ◽  
F. J. S. Melo ◽  
L. R. A. Alves ◽  
Z. C. Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Soil Quality ◽  
Active Agent ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Operating Limits ◽  
Sustainable Agricultural Systems ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
Small Producers

<p>O crescimento da demanda por alimentos gera a expansão de áreas agrícolas ocasionando um aumento do desmatamento. Tais fatores contribuem para o crescimento da preocupação com a sustentabilidade dos sistemas agrícolas, o qual passa por uma percepção do espaço rural como agente ativo na conservação e proteção dos recursos naturais. O conhecimento dos limites de exploração dos ecossistemas rurais é fator primordial para que se obtenham sistemas agrícolas mais sustentáveis.  Diante do exposto o presente trabalho objetiva avaliar, através de uma extensa revisão bibliográfica, visitas em campo e utilização de índices de sustentabilidade, a qualidade do solo de dois agroecossistemas utilizados para o plantio de feijão e milho na zona rural de São Bentinho-PB; e finalmente, propor estratégias ou técnicas de manejo que venham tornar os agroecossistemas estudados mais sustentáveis. Conclui-se que a área de plantio de feijão apresentou um solo de melhor qualidade do que área de plantio de milho. A utilização dessa metodologia para avaliar a qualidade do solo mostrou-se simples e acessível, podendo direcionar as ações para uma agricultura mais sustentável, necessitando-se para isso, qualificação e treinamento dos agricultores. Finalmente, deve-se treinar esses pequenos produtores também na aplicação de técnicas sustentáveis de manejo do solo.</p><p align="center"><strong><em>Evaluation of soil quality in agroecosystems in rural São Bentinho-PB</em></strong></p><p><strong>Abstract</strong><strong>: </strong>The growth in demand for food generates the expansion of agricultural areas causing an increase in deforestation. Such factors contribute to the growing concern about the sustainability of agricultural systems, which involves a perception of the countryside as an active agent in the conservation and protection of natural resources. Knowledge of rural ecosystems operating limits is a key factor in order to obtain more sustainable agricultural systems. Given the above the present study aims to evaluate, through an extensive literature review, field visits and use of sustainability indexes, the quality of the two agro soil used for planting beans and corn in the countryside of São Bento-PB; and finally, propose strategies and management techniques that may make them more sustainable agro-ecosystems studied. In conclusion, the bean planting area presented a solo better quality than corn planting area. The use of this methodology for assessing soil quality proved to be simple and affordable, and can direct the actions for a more sustainable agriculture, requiring up to that, qualifications and training of farmers. Finally, one should train these small producers also in the implementation of sustainable techniques for soil management.</p>

Impresa agricola e produzione di energia

2009 ◽  
pp. 33-47
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Ferrara
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
Renewable Sources ◽  
Agricultural Industry ◽  
Photovoltaic Energy ◽  
Agricultural Income ◽  
Agricultural Produce ◽  
Chemical Products

- The article 1, par. 369 of the 296/2006 act definies as agricultural industry: the production and cession of electric and caloric energy originated from forest renewable sources; the production and the commercialization of chemical products derived from agricultural produce coming from the cultivated land; and the production and the cession of electric and caloric energy originated from photovoltaic sources. Therefore, the normative reveals the multifunctionality and the pluriactivity of the factory farm: it reconducts the production of not foodstuffs goods, as the electric energy, the fuels and the chemical products, to the agricultural firm. Legislator intend to stimulate these activities also through the tax lever, providing for these activities produce agricultural income. With regard to it, the provision (of the law) causes some doubts concerning his compatibility with the constitutional dictation (artt. 3 and 53 Const.), in our opinion, in particulary with reference to the activity of photovoltaic energy production and cession. Key words: factory farm, photovoltaic energy, multifunctionality, pluriactivity.

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