scholarly journals THE STRUCTURE OF EXCESS MORTALITY DUE TO THE NOVEL CORONAVIRUS INFECTION PANDEMIC IN URBAN AND RURAL RESIDENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
T.P. Sabgayda ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Excess Mortality ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
Urban And Rural Residents ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Direct Loss ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Significance. The pandemic of the novel coronavirus infection has further exacerbated the demographic problem in the Russian Federation, which was especially acute in rural areas. However, according to official data, only one third of the excess mortality in 2020 is accounted for by COVID-19. Purpose: to compare the structure of mortality growth in urban and rural residents and determine differences in loss associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and methods. Based on the Rosstat preliminary data, the author has analyzed increase in the number of deaths per 100,000 population in 2020 compared to 2019 among males and females residing in urban and rural areas of the Russian Federation. The indicators were compared by major classes of death causes and individual diseases across the following three age groups: 15-49 years, 50-64 years, and 65 years and older. Comparison was carried out by the Chi-square test. Results. Among the urban and rural population the death rate increased by 20.6% and 15.4%, respectively; the COVID-19 mortality equaled to 109.4 and 67.5 per 100,000 population; the share of COVID-19 in the increased total mortality added up to 44.6% and 33.0%, respectively. Among urban residents, the frequency of deaths from COVID-19 in males exceeds the female one 1.8 times in population aged 15-49, 2.0 times in population aged 50-64 and 65 +; among rural residents, these values equal to 1.2, 1.4 and 1.8, respectively. Conclusion. In the structure of excess mortality associated with the spread of the novel coronavirus infection that accounted for almost one fifth of deaths in 2019, the share of direct loss due to COVID-19 is underestimated. The direct loss associated with co-infection with SARS-CoV-2 virus can be traced at the population level, starting from the age of 65 in males and 50 years in females, in case of deaths from diseases of the nervous system, coronary heart disease, chronic diseases of the lower respiratory tract and diseases of the pancreas. With a lower level of excess mortality among rural population, its quarter is accounted for by indirect loss due to the pandemic associated with the decreased access to medical care. In the structure of excess mortality among urban population, indirect loss accounts for about one tenth, and is mainly due to consequences of stress associated with the pandemic and forced isolation. Signs of incomplete examination of the deceased in older age groups to determine the death causes, especially among rural residents, have been identified.

FEATURES OF THE COURSE AND TACTICS OF MANAGING CHILDREN WITH KIDNEYS AND URINARY TRACT DISEASES DURING THE PANDEMIC OF NEW CORONAVIRUS INFECTION COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
I.M. Kagantsov ◽  
◽  
V.V. Sizonov ◽  
V.G. Svarich ◽  
K.P. Piskunov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Routine Care ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Urinary System ◽  
Death Rates ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Significant Health

The novel coronavirus infection (SARS-CoV-2), which first appeared in Wuhan, China in December 2019, has been declared a global pandemic by WHO. COVID-19 affects people of all age groups. The disease in children is usually asymptomatic or mild compared to adults, and with a significantly lower death rates. Data on kidney damage in children with COVID-19, as well as the effect of coronavirus infection on the course of diseases of the genitourinary system, are limited, the risks of contracting a new coronavirus infection in children with significant health problems, including those with chronic kidney disease, remain uncertain. The pandemic has affected the activities of surgeons treating diseases of the urinary system in children. Since the prospects for the end of the pandemic are vague, it is necessary to formulate criteria for selecting patients who can and should be provided with routine care in the pandemic. The purpose of this review is to highlight the features of the clinical manifestations and treatment of children with COVID-19, occurring against the background of previous renal pathology or complicating its course.

scholarly journals Role of nutrients regulation in the immune system in preventing COVID-19 infection: A brief review

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 760-765
Author(s):  
Anamika Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Common ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

This review aimed to focus on using foods to boost immunity against COVID-19 in all age groups. In human, coronavirus causes the common cold, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), and a major threat to public health. The novel coronavirus was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization due to its rapid infectivity. COVID-19 infection is most probably reported in people with low immunity response. The nutrients, which show beneficial effects on the immune system, are called immune nutrients and diet is called immune diet. A healthy diet can reduce the risk of infection of COVID-19 and can prevent disease. Nutritional food intake is also necessary for people with chronic illness, obese persons, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cognitive dysfunction like anxiety and depression. All nutrients are essential for maintaining immunity and providing appropriate amounts of protein, fat, carbohydrate, vitamins, and minerals for the surveillance mode of keeping us from getting sick. The use of plenty of water, minerals such as micronutrients, zinc, copper, selenium, iron, magnesium, food rich in vitamins, and a good lifestyle can promote health and overwhelm this coronavirus infection.

scholarly journals Vaccination against coronavirus: legal issues

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
Vladimir Vladimirovich Maslyakov ◽  
Natal'ya Nikoaevna Portenko ◽  
Ol'ga Nikolaevna Pavlova
Keyword(s):  
Legal Issues ◽  
Biological Database ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Legal Perspective ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Sales Person ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Voluntary Vaccination

This article examines the legal issues related to voluntary vaccination against the novel coronavirus infection COVID-19. It is noted that usage of contract with regards to mandatory vaccinations against coronavirus is impossible, as from the legal perspective, signing a contract is voluntary. Therefore, it is necessary to issue the corresponding legislative act that would not only establish the responsibility, but also ensure right for protection of biological database. There is also a need to settle the matter pertaining to storage of the collected biomaterial, as well as monitoring of the process of testing mass vaccination. There are currently no legislative acts on this issue, which necessitates the development of normative legal acts thereof. The article reviews the legal issues related to voluntary vaccination against the novel coronavirus infection COVID-19. There yet multiple unresolved legal issues regarding the application of new vaccine, requirements for its transportation, and storage of biological materials. It is underlined that if a pedagogue, medical employee, or sales person are not vaccinated against coronavirus, the suspension of this category of citizens or refusal to hire is currently unlawful. This is substantiated by the fact that in order for vaccination against any infectious disease (including COVID-19) to be mandatory, it is essential to make amendments to not only the aforementioned legislative act, but also to the framework law of 11.11.2011 No. 323-FZ “On the Fundamentals of Protection of Public Health in the Russian Federation”. These legislative acts should ensure the rights of citizens for refusal of medical treatment overall, as well as refusal of preventive vaccinations in particular.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of immobilized probiotics for complex therapy of novel coronavirus infection COVID-19 in hospital settings

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
NG Bomshteyn ◽  
YuV Bolotov ◽  
IA Kim ◽  
DV Trukhin
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Complex Treatment ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Probiotic Treatment ◽  
Complex Therapy ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Taking into account the gut–lung microbiota axis, the new probiotic treatment methods for COVID-19 are currently being discussed. There are effective medicinal preparations of domestic manufacture in the Russian Federation, the immobilized probiotics. The study was aimed to determine the effectiveness of the mixed immobilized probiotic containing the immobilized B. bifidum and lactobacilli L. plantarum (100 million CFU per dose) or the simple immobilized probiotic containing the immobilized B. bifidum (500 million CFU per dose) in the complex therapy of patients with COVID-19. During the open-label, prospective, observational study 70 patients with confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 received complex treatment which included the immobilized probiotics. All patients were discharged from the hospital with imporoved health status, as well as with improved instrumental and laboratory indicators: body temperature returned to normal in all patients; shortness of breath, cough, feeling of chest tightening, myalgia and headache disappeared; the patients regained sense of smell and taste; the weakness decreased or disappeared (pathognomic symptom for COVID-19). The dynamics of clinical, laboratory and instrumental indicators reflecting the course of the novel coronavirus infection demonstrates the effectiveness of the used complex therapy. The immobilized probiotics may be recommended for the complex treatment of patients with COVID-19.

Organization of professional training of middle medical personnel for work in conditions of the novel coronavirus infection COVID-19

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-35
Author(s):  
Anatoliy Volodin
Keyword(s):  
Professional Education ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

At present, in the context of mass spread of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 in the territory of the Russian Federation, one of the main directions of further professional education of health workers is the improvement of professional competences (streamlining the existing ones) and acquisition of new knowledge and skills in order to implement measures to prevent and reduce the risks of the spread of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 in adults and children in the practical activities of medical personnel, necessary for independent professional activities within the existing qualifications.

Anti-epidemic measures against the proliferation of the novel coronavirus infection SARS-COV-2

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
Zoya Dmitrenko
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Urgent Problem ◽  
Epidemiological Risk ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Danger To Others

The novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) is an acute respiratory disease caused by a new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). The SARS-CoV-2 virus is assigned to the II group of pathogenicity in accordance with the sanitary legislation of the Russian Federation. The infection is included in the list of diseases that pose a danger to others (the Government Decree of the Russian Federation from 31.01.2020 No. 66). Dental facilities are at epidemiological risk; all patients are considered as potentially infected with hemocontact and aspiration infections. Disinfection in dental institutions is carried out according to the regime between viruses and fungi of the genus Candida; the mask regime is continuous. The protection against infections of the patient and medical personnel in dental institutions has always been an extremely urgent problem and especially now, during the period of the new coronavirus infection SARS-CoV-2. The purpose of medical dental institutions is to prevent and implement measures to interrupt the transmission of infections related to the provision of medical care (IRMC).

scholarly journals Organization of Specialized Medical Care for Patients with the New Coronavirus Infection COVID-19 on the Basis of a Multidisciplinary Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-169
Author(s):  
Aleksandr V. Esipov ◽  
Aleksandr I. Pavlov ◽  
Yuri V. Nemytin ◽  
Aleksey V. Solovov ◽  
Alexandr V. Khaev
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Federal State ◽  
High Tech ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

The first experience of organizing specialized care for patients with the novel coronavirus infection COVID-19 on the basis of the leading multidisciplinary hospital of the Ministry of Defense of Russia FSBI 3rd Central Military Clinical Hospital named after A. A. Vishnevsky. Aims: to scientifically substantiate and develop organizational and methodological recommendations for re-profiling a multidisciplinary hospital to create a multifunctional medical center for the treatment of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19. Based on the regulatory and organizational and methodological documents (Orders and Resolutions of the Government of the Russian Federation, orders of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, directives and orders of the Main Military Medical Directorate of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation), a set of measures was taken to create a multifunctional medical center for the treatment of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19. Algorithms for organizational, diagnostic and therapeutic resource-saving technologies, as well as standard operating procedures for assisting patients with the novel coronavirus infection COVID-19, have been developed and tested. Within the framework of the medical association of the Federal State Budgetary Institution 3 CVKG im. A. A. Vishnevsky, the Ministry of Defense of Russia created a system for the provision of specialized medical care to patients with the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 with the established routing and provision of specialized medical care with elements of high-tech medical care, including extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, biological anti-cytokine therapy. Conclusion. The accumulated experience in the work of the newly created center for the treatment of patients with the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 can be used for further medical activities of medical organizations of military and civilian health care.

scholarly journals Subsidiarity as a factor and technology for overcoming crises (reception of the principle of subsidiarity in the collective consciousness of the Russians)

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Olegovna Kalinichenko
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Collective Consciousness ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Relationship

This article provides certain results of empirical study of the collective consciousness of the Russians through the prism of their reception of the principle of subsidiarity and values associated with this principle. The object of this research is the collective consciousness of the Russian society. The subject is the peculiarities of refraction of legal and political meanings of the principle of subsidiarity in the collective consciousness, as well as the degree of implementation of this principle in the relationship between the government and the citizens in Russia. The key research method is the questionnaire-based sociological survey. The acquired empirical data have undergone statistical processing and comparative analysis with the data of the most reputable sociological agencies of the Russian Federation. The novelty consists in examination of the principle of subsidiarity not only as a constitutional federal principle, but also as a technology for overcoming crises and mitigating intra-elite conflict. Using the material on the pandemic of the novel coronavirus infection “COVID-19”, the author describes the changes that in the course of overcoming crises took place in consciousness of the Russian people with regards to the effectiveness of different level of government, as well as the conclusions drawn by the Russian Federal Center out of that crisis. Among the main conclusions, the author indicates the need of the Russian citizens for the strong and effective governance that would be directly related to the citizens and be within their reach. The author believes that such need corresponds the principle of the uniform system of public authority founded in the revised Constitution of the Russian Federation of 2002, which most consistently implements the principle of subsidiarity.

Association and treatment of diabetes in patients affected by Covid-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 1198-1201
Author(s):  
Syed Yasir Afaque
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The World ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Composite Outcomes ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Impact

In December 2019, a unique coronavirus infection, SARS-CoV-2, was first identified in the province of Wuhan in China. Since then, it spread rapidly all over the world and has been responsible for a large number of morbidity and mortality among humans. According to a latest study, Diabetes mellitus, heart diseases, Hypertension etc. are being considered important risk factors for the development of this infection and is also associated with unfavorable outcomes in these patients. There is little evidence concerning the trail back of these patients possibly because of a small number of participants and people who experienced primary composite outcomes (such as admission in the ICU, usage of machine-driven ventilation or even fatality of these patients). Until now, there are no academic findings that have proven independent prognostic value of diabetes on death in the novel Coronavirus patients. However, there are several conjectures linking Diabetes with the impact as well as progression of COVID-19 in these patients. The aim of this review is to acknowledge about the association amongst Diabetes and the novel Coronavirus and the result of the infection in such patients.

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