scholarly journals Analysis Factors That Affecting the Incidence of Hypertension in Menopausal Woman

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
Estin Gita Maringga ◽  
Nunik Ike Yunia Sari

Hypertension is an increased incidence of blood pressure characterized by the increase of sistole and diastole. Hypertension if not properly administered, can cause a variety of complications such as stroke, heart failure, renal failure, encephalopathy, and others. Based on the statistical data of menopause women risk to experience hypertension of 41% compared with males. This research aims to analyze the risk factors that affect the incidence of hypertension in menopausal women in the village Kayen Kidul. The design of research in this study uses cross sectional, with the population is all menopause women who have hypertension in the village of South Kayen, using simple random samplling technique, obtained as many as 71 respondents . The variables in this study consist of a free variable that is age and a history of the use of KB and variables bound in the form of hypertension in menopausal women. The study was conducted on 16-21 September 2019, collecting data using interview and observation techniques using data collection sheets. Data analysts use linear regression, with calculations using SPSS. The results in this study were obtained from 71 respondents, 59.2% of the mother aged < 60 years, 69% had a history of hormonal contraceptives, 57.6% menopause had hypertension. The aged menopause ≥ 60 years and has a history of hormonal contraceptives have a greater risk of hypertensive incidence in menopause.

Author(s):  
Lelly Aprilia Vidayati

Menopause is permanent cessation of menstruation after preceded by amenorhea for at least one year. Menopausal age in women can occur at age 45-50 years but in some circumstances can occur early or late. Age of menopause is influenced by several factors one them the use of hormonal contraception. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship of contraceptive use in women with age of menopause in Polindes Tebul Kec. Kwanyar. This research use Analytical design with Cross Sectional approach. The independent variable is Contraception method and Dependent variable is age of menopause. The total population of 48 postmenopausal women from the study sample was 43 menopausal women. Sampling using simple random sampling technique. The instrument used is questionnaire. Univariate data analysis using frequency and bivariate distribution using chi square test with significant level α 0.05. The results showed that almost all menopausal women 43 people had a history of using hormonal contraception that is 24 people (55.8%). While 21 men (48.9%) of menopausal women had normal menopause, respondents who had a history of using hormonal contraceptives nearly half had normal menopause (48.9%). After chi square test with significant level α 0.05 obtained ρ Value: 0,008 <α: 0,05 so that H0 is rejected. This suggests that there is a relationship of contraceptive use in women with menopausal age. The conclusion of this study is that there is a relationship between contraceptive use in women with menopausal age, therefore it is advisable to menopause women to follow posyandu elderly to increase knowledge about menopause.


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
Ledy Octaviani Iqmy ◽  
Setiawati Setiawati ◽  
Dhiny Easter Yanti

ABSTRACT RISK FACTORS RELATED TO BREAST CANCER Background The trend of breast cancer incidence in Abdoel Moeloek Regional General Hospital increased in 2015 by 5.62% (101 people) compared to the incidence of breast cancer in 2014. In 2014 breast cancer patients treated in the women's operating room were 1797 (49.3 %) of the total 3645 inpatients, while in 2015 the incidence of breast cancer was recorded as much as 1,898 (52.4%) of a total of 3795 patients (Women's Surgical Room at Abdul Moeloek Hospital, Lampung Province).The purpose of this study was to know the risk factors associated with breast cancer at Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek, Lampung Province, 2016.Methods This type of research uses quantitative methods with cross sectional research design. The study population was all mothers who had children and were treated in the Women's Surgery Room Dr. Hi. Abdul Moeloek in June 2015 with 265 patients. The research sample was 159 people. The sampling technique used simple random sampling method. Data analysis was performed using chi square and logistic regression.The results showed that there was a relationship between age and breast cancer OR = 26,667, there was a relationship with a history of using hormonal contraceptives with breast cancer OR = 5,000. There was a relationship between history of breastfeeding and breast cancer OR = 6,473, there was a relationship between the age of menarche and breast cancer and OR = 5,163, there was a relationship between family history and breast cancer OR = 11,711, there was a relationship between obesity and breast cancer OR = 6,473, there was a relationship between the age of first child birth with breast cancer OR = 6,473.Conclusion, the most dominant risk factor associated with breast cancer is a history of hormonal contraceptive use.Suggestion, the results of this study can be used as input for health workers at Dr. H. Abdul Meoloek, Lampung Province to provide direction and counseling regarding the selection of contraceptives with low risk of breast cancer Key words: risk factors, breast cancer                                                                                               ABSTRAK Latar Belakang Tren kejadian kanker payudara di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Abdoel Moeloek meningkat pada tahun 2015 sebanyak 5,62% (101 orang)  dibandingkan kejadian kanker payudara pada tahun 2014. Pada tahun 2014 pasien kanker payudara  yang dirawat di ruang bedah wanita adalah 1797 (49,3%) dari total pasien rawat inap 3645 orang, sedangkan pada tahun 2015 kejadian kanker payudara tercatat sebanyak 1.898 (52,4%) dari total 3795 pasien (Ruang Bedah Wanita RSUD Abdul Moeloek Propinsi Lampung).Tujuan penelitian ini adalah diketahuinya fakto risiko yang berhubungan dengan kanker payudara di RSUS Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Propinsi Lampung Tahun 2016.Metode Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional. Populasi penelitian seluruh ibu yang telah memiliki anak dan dirawat  di Ruang Bedah Wanita RSUD Dr. Hi. Abdul Moeloek pada bulan Juni 2015 dengan jumlah pasien 265 pasien. Sampel penelitian adalah 159 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode simple random sampling. Analisis data dilakukan dengan chi square dan regresi logistik.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan usia dengan kanker payudara OR = 26.667, ada hubungan riwayat pemakaian kontrasepsi hormonal dengan kanker payudara OR = 5.000. Ada hubungan riwayat pemberian ASI dengan kanker payudara OR = 6.473, ada hubungan usia menarche dengan kanker payudara danOR = 5.163, ada hubungan riwayat keluarga dengan kanker payudara OR = 11.711, ada hubungan obesitas dengan kanker payudara OR = 6.473, ada hubungan usia melahirkan anak pertama dengan kanker payudara OR = 6.473.Kesimpulan,  faktor risiko yang paling dominan berhubungan dengan kanker payudara adalah riwayat pemakaian kontrasepsi hormonal.Saran, hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai masukan bagi tenaga kesehatan di RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Meoloek Propinsi Lampung untuk memberi  arahan dan konseling mengenai pemilihan alat kontrasepsi yang berisiko rendah terhadap kejadian kanker payudara Kata kunci : Faktor risiko, kanker payudara


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e002099
Author(s):  
Yuji Komorita ◽  
Masae Minami ◽  
Yasutaka Maeda ◽  
Rie Yoshioka ◽  
Toshiaki Ohkuma ◽  
...  

IntroductionType 1 diabetes (T1D) is associated with higher fracture risk. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between severe hypoglycemia and fracture risk in patients with T1D, and the results are controversial. Besides, none has investigated the risk factors for fracture in Asian patients with T1D. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of bone fracture and its relationship between severe hypoglycemia and other risk factors in Japanese patients with T1D.Research design and methodsThe single-center cross-sectional study enrolled 388 Japanese patients with T1D (mean age, 45.2 years; women, 60.4%; mean duration of diabetes, 16.6 years) between October 2019 and April 2020. The occurrence and circumstances of any fracture after the diagnosis of T1D were identified using a self-administered questionnaire. The main outcomes were any anatomic site of fracture and fall-related fracture. Severe hypoglycemia was defined as an episode of hypoglycemia that required the assistance of others to achieve recovery.ResultsA total of 92 fractures occurred in 64 patients, and 59 fractures (64%) were fall-related. Only one participant experienced fracture within the 10 years following their diagnosis of diabetes. In logistic regression analysis, the multivariate-adjusted ORs (95% CIs) of a history of severe hypoglycemia were 2.11 (1.11 to 4.09) for any fracture and 1.91 (0.93 to 4.02) for fall-related fracture. Fourteen of 18 participants with multiple episodes of any type of fracture had a history of severe hypoglycemia (p<0.001 vs no fracture).ConclusionsWe have shown that a history of severe hypoglycemia is significantly associated with a higher risk of bone fracture in Japanese patients with T1D.


1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
AM Hossain ◽  
NU Ahmed ◽  
M Rahman ◽  
MR Islam ◽  
G Sadhya ◽  
...  

A hospital based cross sectional study was carried out to analyze prevalence of risk factors for stroke in hospitalized patient in a medical college hospital. 100 patients were chosen using purposive sampling technique. Highest incidence of stroke was between the 6th and 7th decade. Patients came from both urban (54%) and rural (46%) areas and most of them belong to the low-income group (47%). In occupational category; service holder (28%) and retired person (21%) were the highest groups. Most of the study subjects were literate (63%). CT scan study revealed that the incidence of ischaemic stroke was 61% and haemorrhagic stroke 39%. Analysis indicated hypertension as major risk factor for stroke (63%) and major portion of the patients (42.85%) were on irregular or no treatment. Twenty four percent of the patients had heart diseases and out of 24 patients 45.83% were suffering from ischaemic heart disease. The present study detected diabetes in 21% patients. Fifty three percent of the study subjects were smoker, 39% patients had habit of betelnut chewing. Out of 26 female patients, only 23% had history of using oral contraceptives. Majority of the patients were sedentary workers (46%). Thirty seven percent of the stroke patients were obese. Among the stroke patients 9% had previous history of stroke and 3% had TIA respectively. Most of the patients (21%) were awake while they suffered from stroke and the time of occurrence was mostly in the afternoon (46%). This study found that hypertension, cigarette smoking, ischaemic heart disease and diabetes mellitus are the major risk factors prevalent in our community while other risk factors demand further study. Key words: stroke; risk factors; hospitalized patients; Bangladesh. DOI: 10.3329/fmcj.v6i1.7405 Faridpur Med. Coll. J. 2011;6(1): 19-23


2005 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 304-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Sorens

This article analyzes the “risk factors” of secessionism at the substate, regional level. It seeks to answer the question, What regions are more likely to support more successful secessionist parties? Using new data in cross-sectional regression analysis, the author finds that secessionism involves unique factors not common to other kinds of ethnic conflict. Specifically, in addition to “identity” variables such as regional language and history of independence, the following variables explain secessionist strength: lack of irredentist potential, relative affluence, geographical noncontiguity, population, and multiparty political system. These factors generally serve as activators of ethnic identity rather than a substitute for the same, although there are important cases of nonethnic secessionism.


2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaishali R Mohite ◽  
Asha K Pratinidhi ◽  
Rajsinh Vishwasrao Mohite

Background: Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in women and is influenced by reproductive factors perceived by women worldwide.Aims: To identify the reproductive risk factors of breast cancer in newly diagnosed cases and to find out the strength of association of the risk factors with the breast cancer. Material and Methods: A hospital based case-control study was conducted in Satara district, India during year 2009 to 2011 among newly diagnosed cases of breast cancer and matched controls. A total of 434 participants including 217 cases and 217 controls were enrolled by purposive sampling technique from selected hospitals of study area. The information was collected by employing pre-tested questionnaire by utilizing interview method. Statistical Analysis used: Descriptive statistics, Odds ratio and Chi-square test was used to find out strength of association and statistical significant difference. Results: Highest proportion [31.80%] breast cancer cases was in age group 40-49 years with lowest age of 25 years at diagnosis of the disease. A very high proportion of both cases [88.02%] and controls [67.28%] were Hindu by religion and were from rural residence. Maximum proportion of breast cancer cases were housewives [63.59%], literate [71.42%] and from upper economic class [56.68%]. The proportions of cases were higher as compared to the controls with respect to risk factors like unmarried status, nulliparity, history of abortion, post menopausal status, absence of breast feeding and the history of exposure to hormonal contraceptives. The risk of getting breast cancer as indicated by Odds ratio was 8 times higher in unmarried women, 2.8 times in nulliparous women, 2.4 times with post menopausal status, 10.4 times with absence of breast feeding, 1.5 times with exposure to hormonal contraceptives and 4.5 times with history of ovarian disease respectively. Conclusion: The reproductive risk factors such as unmarried status of women, nulliparity, menopause, absence of breast feeding, history of ovarian disease and use of contraceptives were strongly associated with breast cancer.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.14(3) 2015 p.258-264


2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thanaphum Laithaisong ◽  
Wichai Aekplakorn ◽  
Paibul Suriyawongpaisal ◽  
Chanunporn Tupthai ◽  
Chathaya Wongrathanandha

PurposeThis research aimed to explore the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and related factors among subcontracted cleaners in a teaching hospital in Thailand.Design/methodology/approachA cross-sectional study was conducted of 393 subcontracted cleaners in a teaching hospital, from May to June 2020. Face-to-face interviews were carried out using a standard questionnaire, consisting of four parts: (1) participant characteristics, (2) stress test, (3) work characteristics and (4) standardized Nordic questionnaire, Thai version, for MSDs outcome. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the association between MSDs and related factors.FindingsThe prevalence of MSDs was 81.9%, involving mostly the lower back (57.7%), followed by the shoulder (52.6%). Factors significantly associated with MSDs were as follows: male gender (OR = 3.06, 95% CI [1.19, 7.87]), severe stress (OR = 2.72, 95% CI [1.13, 6.54]), history of injuries (OR = 4.37, 95% CI [1.27, 15.11]), mopping posture (OR = 2.81, 95% CI [1.43, 5.50]) and task duration (OR = 1.90, 95% CI [1.01, 3.57] for 2–4 h and OR = 3.39, 95% CI [1.17, 9.86] for more than 4 h). Sick leave due to MSDs was associated with history of injuries, Thai nationality and having another part-time job.Originality/valueThe study findings about MSDs in terms of prevalence and related factors contributed to limited pool of the knowledge among subcontracted hospital cleaners in Thailand and middle-income country settings. With growing popularity in outsourcing cleaning services among hospitals in these countries, the study findings could raise a concern and inform policymakers and hospital administrators the importance of the magnitude and risk factors for MSDs necessitating design of preventive strategies.


2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-102
Author(s):  
Mohammad Vafaee-Shahi ◽  
Elaheh Soltanieh ◽  
Hossein Saidi ◽  
Aina Riahi

Background: Risk factors identification associated with status epilepticus is valuable in order to prevent morbidity and mortality in children. This study aimed to consider the etiology, risk factors, morbidity and mortality in children with status epilepticus. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was performed on 119 patients aged from one month old to 15 years old. Patients’ data were recorded, including basic demographic, etiology and clinical information. The different risk factors correlated to morbidity and mortality were evaluated in this study. Results: The most common etiologies were acute symptomatic and febrile status epilepticus by 32.8% and 22.7%, respectively. Abnormal brain imaging results were reported far more frequently in patients with a history of neurodevelopmental delay and previous status epilepticus (p<0.001). The overall morbidity and mortality rates were 18.9% and 10.9%, respectively; while these rates in patients with delayed development (45.16% and 18.42%, respectively) were significantly higher than patients with normal development (8% and 7.4%, respectively). The morbidity rates in patients with previous seizures and previous status epilepticus were remarkably higher than those without previous history of seizure (26.41% vs 11.32%; p=0.047) and without previous status epilepticus (36.36% versus 14.28%; p=0.018). The length of hospital stay in patients with mortality was considerably longer than patients without mortality (12.30 ± 16.1 days vs 7.29 ± 6.24 days; p=0.033). The mortality rate in patients with normal Lumbar Puncture result was notably lower than those with abnormal LP result (2.9% vs 50%). The morbidity rate in patients with abnormal brain imaging results (p<0.001) was significantly greater than those in patients with normal results. The mortality rate was relatively higher in patients with abnormal imaging results compared to those normal results. Etiology was an important predictor of mortality and morbidity rates; acute symptomatic (32.8%), febrile status epilepticus (22.7%) and remote symptomatic (16.8%) etiologies were the most common underlying causes of S.E. While in children less than 3 years old, the acute symptomatic etiology and febrile status epilepticus etiologies were estimated as the most common, in most patients older than 3 years old the most common etiology of status epilepticus was unknown. Congenital brain defects etiology had the highest mortality (36.36%) and morbidity (42.85%) rate. The lowest morbidity (3.84%) and mortality (0%) rates were for patients with febrile status epilepticus etiology. Conclusion: Age, developmental delay, history of previous status epilepticus, the length of hospital stay, abnormal brain imaging results and the underlying etiology of status epilepticus were associated with increased morbidity and mortality among children with status epilepticus.


Author(s):  
Viral R. Dave ◽  
Bhavik M. Rana ◽  
Kantibhai N. Sonaliya ◽  
Suraj J. Chandwani ◽  
Samkit V. Sharma ◽  
...  

Background: Hypertension and gestational diabetes are among the leading causes of maternal and perinatal mortality, especially in rural areas of developing countries with meager health facilities. With early diagnosis and timely treatment, these adverse events can be decreased. The primary aim of this study was to implement a screening program for gestational diabetes and hypertension, and to assess risk factors associated with these conditions among antenatal women in the rural area of the Gujarat province in India.Methods: A cross–sectional study was conducted at one of the rural areas of Gujarat province in India. Following a random  cluster sampling procedure, the village of Davas was selected. A multistage random sampling method was utilized, resulting in a sample of 346 antenatal women. Screening guidelines from the American Diabetes Association were followed for gestational diabetes screening.Results: The majority of antenatal mothers (55.50%) were between 21-25 years of age. 242 antenatal women were multigravida, and among them, 85.96% had institutional delivery at their last pregnancy. Of the total 346 women, 17.60% were prehypertensive. The prevalence of systolic hypertension was 1.40%, diastolic hypertension was 0.90%, and gestational diabetes was 1.73%.Conclusion: Socioeconomically upper class, a family history of hypertension, and BMI ≥ 25 were strong risk factors for hypertension during pregnancy and gestational diabetes. Health education should be made readily available to antenatal mothers by paramedical workers regarding symptoms of hypertension and gestational diabetes mellitus for early self identification.


BJGP Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. BJGPO.2021.0131
Author(s):  
Annemarijn de Boer ◽  
Monika Hollander ◽  
Ineke van Dis ◽  
Frank L.J. Visseren ◽  
Michiel L Bots ◽  
...  

BackgroundGuidelines on cardiovascular risk management (CVRM) recommend blood pressure (BP) and cholesterol measurements every five years in men ≥40 and (post-menopausal) women ≥50 years.AimEvaluate CVRM guideline implementation.Design & settingCross-sectional analyses in a dynamic cohort using primary care electronic health record (EHR) data from the Julius General Practitioners’ Network (n=388,929).MethodWe assessed trends (2008–2018) in the proportion of patients with at least one measurement (BP and cholesterol) every one, two, and five years, in those with a history of (1) cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes, (2) diabetes only, (3) CVD only, (4) cardiovascular risk assessment (CRA) indication based on other medical history, or (5) no CRA indication. We evaluated trends over time using logistic regression mixed model analyses.ResultsTrends in annual BP and cholesterol measurement increased for patients with a history of CVD from 37.0% to 48.4% (P<0.001) and 25.8% to 40.2% (P<0.001). In the five-year window 2014–2018, BP and cholesterol measurements were performed in respectively 78.5% and 74.1% of all men ≥40 years and 82.2% and 78.5% in all women ≥50 years. Least measured were patients without a CRA indication: men 60.2% and 62.4%; women 55.5% and 59.3%.ConclusionThe fairly high frequency of CVRM measurements available in the EHR of patients in primary care suggests an adequate implementation of the CVRM guideline. As nearly all individuals visit the general practitioner once within a five-year time window, improvement of CVRM remains very well possible, especially in those without a CRA indication.


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