Compensatory growth response of Catla catla (Hamilton, 1822) juveniles, stunted with varied stocking density and photoperiod, in subsequent grow-out phase

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. R. Sahoo ◽  
P. C. Das ◽  
S. Nanda ◽  
B. Sahu ◽  
L. Muduli
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Compensatory Growth ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Catla Catla ◽  
Density Control ◽  
Rearing Density ◽  
Culture Growth ◽  
Average Body

Stunted juveniles of Catla catla (Hamilton, 1822) were produced through 150 days of stunting with five combinations of density and photoperiod. These stunted juveniles were subsequently polycultured in grow-out ponds for eight months along with rohu (Labeo rohita) and mrigal (Cirrhinus mrigala). In grow-out trial, the five treatments with different combinations of stocking density and photoperiod comprised, control (20 m-3, 12L/12D), T-1 (30 m-3, 12L/12D), T-2 (40 m-3, 12L/12D), T-3 (20 m-3, 6L/18D) and T-4 (20 m-3, 0L/24D). After eight months of culture, growth curves of stunted catla in all treatments were non-convergent and inferior to control, indicating no compensatory growth response. Although survival (70-73%), average body weight, (ABW; 667-755 g) and weight gain (648-729 g) in grow-out phase were statistically similar in the groups with different stocking density (Control, T-1 and T-2) (p>0.05), the grow-out survival was relatively higher in T-2 (73.3%), indicating its positive correlation with higher stunting density. In contrast, juveniles stunted with reduced photoperiod (T-3 and T-4) showed significantly lower ABW and weight gain (p<0.05). The poor survival in T-3 and T-4 (40-43%) indicated significant effect of stunting with reduced photoperiod on subsequent grow-out survival and yield performance. Based on the results, the study recommend the use of rearing density up to 40 m-3 for juvenile stunting in catla.

scholarly journals Compensatory growth response of freshwater prawn(Macrobrachium rosenbergii) polycultured with Indian major carp, Catla (Catla catla)

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Aminur Rahman ◽  
Mt Shamima Yeasmin ◽  
M Zahangir Alom
Keyword(s):  
Growth Response ◽  
Compensatory Growth ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Macrobrachium Rosenbergii ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Freshwater Prawn ◽  
Catla Catla ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Good Growth

With a view to evaluate the compensatory growth response, production and survival of prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) and catla (Catla catla) under polyculture system, an experiment was conducted at the Faculty of Fisheries Field Laboratory in Bangladesh Agricultural University campus from 20 March 2006 to 20 June 2006. The experiment was consisted of three treatments with three replications for each. The three treatments were: fed to satiation twice a day (T1), fed every alternate day (T2) and fed every two days of interval (T3). SABINCO prawn feed was used as supplementary diet for the experiment. The stocking densities for prawn and catla were 40/dec. and12/dec., respectively. The initial weights at stocking were: 50 g for catla in all the treatments, and 5.8, 6.4 and 6.2 g for prawn in T1, T2 and T3, respectively. The water quality parameters were almost similar in all treatments and also were within an acceptable range of fish culture. The survival rate for catla was 100.0% in T1, 91.6% in T2 and 83.3 % in T3, while for prawn was 85.0% in T1, 71.0% in T2 and 69.0% in T3, respectively. The average weight of prawn was much lower in T3 and T2 than those in T1. The best FCR value was found in T2 (1.80) followed by T3 (1.85) and T1 (1.98) in this order. The average highest gross yield was obtained from T1 (1656kg/ha) followed by T2 (1077kg/ha) and T3 (1127kg/ha), while the production of prawn was T1 (791kg/ha), T2 (517kg/ha) and T3 (429kg/ha), respectively. However, no significant differences were found in the total yield in T2 and T3. The total costs of production for the three treatments were: T1 (125.93Tk/kg), T2 (143.21Tk/kg) and T3 (146.71Tk/kg), while the profits were: T1 (104.07Tk/kg), T2 (55.86Tk/kg) and T3 (24.60Tk/kg) in which the benefit cost ratio were found to be 1:0.83, 1:0.39 and 1:0.17, respectively. The results indicate that every day feeding had provided good growth and economic returns and thus seemed to be most practicable and viable feeding options for prawn-fish polyculture. Therefore, prawn-fish polyculture with regular feeding provides satisfactory growth and production.

Influence of Photoperiod and Rearing Density of Fry in Production of Stunted Fingerlings of Catla catla (Hamilton)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. R. Sahoo ◽  
P. C. Das ◽  
S. Nanda ◽  
K. N. Mohanta ◽  
B. Sahu
Keyword(s):  
Specific Growth ◽  
Growth Control ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Catla Catla ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Rearing Density

Background: Seed stunting is a process of suppressing the normal growth of fish by manipulating various factors affecting the growth process. The present study aimed at evaluating the influence of varied photoperiod and stocking density on the growth and survival of catla (Catla catla) during the stunting process. Methods: Five treatments including control were used in triplicate and stocked with catla fry (0.84 g, 38.8 mm). Control, T-1 and T-2 groups were stocked with fry at 20 m-3 densities and maintained at 12 hours light and 12 hours darkness (12L:12D), 6L:18D and 0L:24D, respectively to study the influence of varied photoperiod. T-3 and T-4 were stocked with fry at 30 and 40 m-3 densities respectively to study the effect of crowding on the growth. Control at 20 m-3 density and 12L:12D photoperiod served as control for both the studies. Result: There was a significant reduction in the survival, harvested body weight, total length and specific growth rate in the treatments T-1 and T-2 as compared to the control (P less than 0.05). Though these attributes were statistically similar (P greater than 0.05) between T-1 and T-2, the values were relatively higher in T-1 suggesting considerable photoperiod effect on fish growth. Similarly, the HBW, total length and SGR significantly reduced from T-3 to T-4 with increased density depicting effect of crowding on growth. Such results indicated that both increased stocking density and decreased photoperiod lead to growth suppression and can be used as tools for seed stunting in catla.

scholarly journals The Effects of Feed Color on Broiler Performance between Day 1 and 21

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1511
Author(s):  
Joseph P. Gulizia ◽  
Kevin M. Downs
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Broiler Performance ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Average Body Weight

Two trials were conducted to determine feed color effects on broiler performance. A completely randomized design was used. Trial 1 included four treatments: control (complete broiler starter diet), red, green, and blue; and Trial 2 included four treatments: control, orange, yellow, and purple. Each trial had 4 treatments with 4 replicates (60 birds/treatment) fed to 240 male Cobb 500 broilers during a 21 d grow out. Data were analyzed using the GLM procedure. In Trial 1, there were no treatment effects on average body weight, body weight gain, and feed consumption (p > 0.05). Adjusted feed conversion for control (1.23) was less than red (1.27; p = 0.001) and green (1.26; p = 0.009), with blue (1.25; p = 0.056) tending to be different during the experimental period. In Trial 2, there were no treatment effects on average body weight, feed consumption, and adjusted feed conversion during this study (p > 0.05). Body weight gain between d 1 to 14 for purple (490.78 g/bird) was more than orange (467 g/bird; p = 0.013) and yellow (461 g/bird; p= 0.004), with control (474 g/bird; p = 0.052) tending to be different. Results indicate that these feed colors had some, albeit limited, influence on broiler performance parameters.

Microbial Growth Response to Hydrogel Encapsulated Quantum Dot Nanospheres

2007 ◽  
Vol 1064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somesree GhoshMitra ◽  
Tong Cai ◽  
Santaneel Ghosh ◽  
Arup Neogi ◽  
Zhibing Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Swelling Properties ◽  
Growth Environment ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Cdte Qds ◽  
Biological Compatibility

ABSTRACTQuantum dots (QDs) are now used extensively for labeling in biomedical research due to their unique photoluminescence behavior, involving size-tunable emission color, a narrow and symmetric emission profile and a broad excitation range [1]. Uncoated QDs made of CdTe core are toxic to cells because of release of Cd2+ ions into the cellular environment. This problem can be partially solved by encapsulating QDs with polymers, like poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) or poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). Based on biological compatibility, fast response as well as pH, temperature and magnetic field dependent swelling properties, hydrogel nanospheres has become carriers of drugs, fluorescence labels, magnetic particles for hyperthermia applications and particles that have strong optical absorption profiles for optical excitation. The toxicity of uncoated QDs are known; however, there have been a very limited number of studies specially designed to assess thoroughly the toxicity of nanosphere encapsulated QDs against QD density and dosing level.In this work, we present preliminary studies of biological effects of a novel QD based nanomaterial system on Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria. Cadmium chalcogenide QDs provide the most attractive fluorescence labels in comparison with routine dyes or metal complexes. Nanospheres on the other hand are the most commonly used carriers of fluorescence labels for fluorescence detection. The integration of fluorescent QDs in nanospheres therefore provides a new generation of fluorescence markers for biological assays. Hydrogels based on PNIPAM is a well known thermoresponsive polymer that undergoes a volume phase transition across the low critical solution (LCST) [2]. Therefore, the inherent temperature-sensitive swelling properties of PNIPAM offer the potentiality to control QD density within the nanospheres. In the present work, E. coli growth was monitored as E. coli served as a representation of how cells might respond in the presence of hydrogel encapsulated QDs in their growth environment. The present work describes the successful encapsulation of CdTe QDs in PNIPAM gel network. Microgel encapsulated QDs were synthesized by first preparing PNIPAM microspheres with cystaminebisacrylamide as a crosslinker and CdTe QDs capped with a stabilizer. The CdTe QDs were bonded into PNIPAM microgels through the replacement of CdTe's stabilizer inside PNIPAM microspheres. Growth curves were generated for E. coli growing in 20 mL of LB media containing hydrogel encapsulated QD nanospheres (400 nm diameter) at relatively higher (0.5mg/mL) and lower (0.01mg/mL) concentration of solution. From the growth curves, there was no evidence at lower concentration (0.01mg/mL) that the hydrogel encapsulated QDs prevent the microbial cells from growing but at higher concentration (0.5mg/mL), microbial growth was inhibited. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) was used to characterize QD size and density inside the hydrogel nanospheres. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was used to observe size and morphology of the hydrogel particles. Further investigation is going on cell growth response at different QD density and to evaluate the limiting hydrogel concentration for different QD densities.

Effects of trenbolone acetate and testosterone on growth and on plasma concentrations of corticosterone and ACTH in rats

1990 ◽  
Vol 126 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. N. Sillence ◽  
R. G. Rodway
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Adrenal Weight ◽  
Trenbolone Acetate ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Old Rats

ABSTRACT The effects of trenbolone acetate (TBA) on growth and on plasma concentrations of corticosterone were examined in male and female rats. At 5 weeks of age, rats were injected with TBA (0·8 mg/kg) dissolved in peanut oil, or with oil alone, daily for 10 days. In female rats, TBA caused an increase in weight gain (20–38%), a reduction in adrenal weight (19%) and a reduction in plasma concentrations of corticosterone (55%). In contrast, TBA-treated male rats showed no significant increase in weight gain, no significant change in adrenal weight and no reduction in plasma concentrations of corticosterone. The mechanism by which adrenal activity was suppressed in TBA-treated female rats was examined and the response compared with that to testosterone. Female rats (8 weeks old) were injected daily either with oil vehicle, TBA (0·8 mg/kg) or testosterone propionate (0·8 mg/kg). Testosterone increased weight gain (24%), but the growth response to TBA treatment was significantly greater (97%). A reduction in plasma concentrations of corticosterone (45%) was again observed in response to TBA. However, testosterone increased plasma concentrations of corticosterone (52%) above those of control values. Neither androgen affected plasma concentrations of ACTH. Finally, the effects of TBA were examined in 6-week-old female rats, to characterize further the apparent age-related increase in responsiveness. The growth response of 6-week-old rats (60–74%) was intermediate between that seen in 5- and 8-week-old animals. It is concluded that part of the anabolic activity of TBA may be related to a reduction in circulating concentrations of corticosterone. The effect of TBA on corticosterone concentrations differs from that of the natural androgen, testosterone, and does not appear to be mediated by a reduction in plasma concentrations of ACTH. Journal of Endocrinology (1990) 126, 461–466

The effect of winter food level on compensatory growth of weaned, suckled calves grazed at two sward heights

1986 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Wright ◽  
A. J. F. Russel ◽  
E. A. Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Compensatory Growth ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Food Level ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Subsequent Performance ◽  
Herbage Intake ◽  
Winter Food ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
Winter Feeding

ABSTRACTTwo experiments were conducted with weaned, suckled calves to investigate the effect of feeding level during the post-weaning winter on their subsequent performance when continuously grazed on pasture maintained at two sward heights. Low, medium and high levels of winter feeding resulted in winter live-weight gains of 0·31, 0·58 and 0·79 (s.e. 0·027) kg/day (P < 0·001) during the 152-day winter in experiment 1 and 0·44, 0·69 and 0·84 (s.e. 0·029) kg/day (P < 0·001) for 189 days in experiment 2. During summer (93 days in experiment 1 and 87 days in experiment 2) there was a significant effect of winter food level on performance when live-weight gains were 1·10, 1·02, 0·87 and 1·35, 1·23 and 1·19 (s.e. 0·060) kg/day for the low, medium and high winter food levels on the short and tall swards respectively in experiment 1 (P < 0·01) and 0·86, 0·66, 0·51 and 1·26, 1·18 and 0·91 (s.e. 0090) kg/day in experiment 2 (P < 0·001). The cattle showing compensatory growth had higher herbage intakes and it is postulated that this occurred because of a negative association between body fat and herbage intake. Sward height had a large positive effect on herbage intake and live-weight gain and it is concluded that for maximum intake on ryegrass swards, herbage height should be at least 8 cm. Lower levels of winter live-weight gain delayed the time to slaughter, but allowed cattle to achieve heavier carcass weights at a fixed level of fatness.It is concluded that there is no single optimum winter food level for weaned, suckled calves but that the choice will depend upon several factors, including availability of winter and summer food resources, the length of the winter feeding period, the desired date of slaughter and type of carcass to be produced.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF DIETARY INCLUSIONS OF PALM OIL AND SHEABUTTER FAT ON GROWTH AND SEXUAL MATURITY OF PULLETS

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-30
Author(s):  
A. A. ODUNSI ◽  
A. J. GBADAMOSI
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Cost Weight ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Vegetable Fat

A lesser known vegetable fat, sheabutter fat (SBF) was compared with palm oil (PO) as a dietary ingredient during the rearing phase of pullets. Black Harco grower- pullets (12 weeks old) were assigned to diets in which PO and SBF each quantitatively replaces maize at 2.5 and 5.0% and a fifth diet containing 2.5% each of both PO and SBF. At the 20th week, they were fed a common layer diet until sexual maturity was attained on all treatments. Results at the growing phase did not reveal any significant effects (P>0.05) on feed intake, weight gain, feed/gain and feed cost/weight gain. Sexual maturity was attained by 148, 149, 151, 155 and 158 days for pullets fed 5% Palm Oil, 2.5% SBF, 2.5% PO, 5% SBF and 2.5% SBF/PO diets respectively. PO and SBF at the levels studied were equally tolerated and could replace maize with no adverse effects or growth response. However, a delay in time of lay occurred when both oils were mixed in the diet.

scholarly journals Performance of Broilers Fed Diets Supplemented With Graded Levels of Soybean Oil and Different Sources of Bone Meal

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 272-280
Author(s):  
Surya Prasad Tiwari ◽  
Maheshwor Sapkota ◽  
Dainik Bahadur Nepali ◽  
Jagat Lal Yadav ◽  
Geeta Jamarkattel Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Bone Meal ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Calcium Phosphorus ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Average Body

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of inclusion of three levels of soybean oil (0%, 2% and 4%) and three sources of commercial bone meals (GBM, PBM and IBM) in the diet of broiler chicken. Body weight, weight gain, feed consumption, feed efficiency, digestibility coefficient, calcium, phosphorus and ash content of blood and bone of broilers were measured. Significantly higher (P<0.01) average weekly feed consumption, average cumulative body weight, average weekly body weight gain was found in broilers fed diets containing soybean oil. The highest (5058.27 g) average total feed consumption was recorded on T9 and the lowest (4117.88 g) on T1. The highest average cumulative body weight was obtained on T6 (2168.33 g) and was the lowest on T1 (1930.00 g). Similarly, the highest average body weight gain was recorded on T6 (301.04 g) and the lowest on T1 (273.77 g). The abdominal fat weight percentage was maximum (2.38%) on the diet containing 4% soybean oil with GBM and minimum (1.04%) on the diet without soybean oil withIBM. However, the overall performance of broilers was found improved on the diet containing soybean oil. The ash, calcium and phosphorus content of blood and bone were better when supplied the diet with 2% to 4% soybean oil containing the sources of bone meal. Considering better bone calcification, phosphorus and minerals utilization in the chicken body, 2% to 4% levels of the soybean oil with the GBM source of bone meal could be incorporated in the diets. Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 4(3): 272-280

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