scholarly journals Role of Immature Platelet Fraction in Diagnosis and Prognosis of Thrombocytopenic Groups

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2 (Part- I)) ◽  
pp. 49-53
Author(s):  
Meghana Akula
Keyword(s):  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Immature Platelet Fraction

The miR-21 potential of serving as a biomarker for liver diseases in clinical practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 2295-2305
Author(s):  
Jiawei Zhang ◽  
Dandan Li ◽  
Rui Zhang ◽  
Peng Gao ◽  
Rongxue Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Hepatic Disease ◽  
Noninvasive Detection ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Expected Performance ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Disease Condition ◽  
Complex Regulatory Network

The role of miR-21 in the pathogenesis of various liver diseases, together with the possibility of detecting microRNA in the circulation, makes miR-21 a potential biomarker for noninvasive detection. In this review, we summarize the potential utility of extracellular miR-21 in the clinical management of hepatic disease patients and compared it with the current clinical practice. MiR-21 shows screening and prognostic value for liver cancer. In liver cirrhosis, miR-21 may serve as a biomarker for the differentiating diagnosis and prognosis. MiR-21 is also a potential biomarker for the severity of hepatitis. We elucidate the disease condition under which miR-21 testing can reach the expected performance. Though miR-21 is a key regulator of liver diseases, microRNAs coordinate with each other in the complex regulatory network. As a result, the performance of miR-21 is better when combined with other microRNAs or classical biomarkers under certain clinical circumstances.

scholarly journals New Insights into the Role of miR-29a in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Implications in Mechanisms and Theragnostics

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 219
Author(s):  
Ya-Ling Yang ◽  
Yen-Hsiang Chang ◽  
Chia-Jung Li ◽  
Ying-Hsien Huang ◽  
Ming-Chao Tsai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Metabolic Adaptation ◽  
Advanced Hcc ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Competitive Endogenous Rnas ◽  
Growing Body

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains one of the most lethal human cancer globally. For advanced HCC, curable plan for advanced HCC is yet to be established, and the prognosis remains poor. The detail mechanisms underlying the progression of HCC tumorigenicity and the corruption of tumor microenvironment (TME) is complex and inconclusive. A growing body of studies demonstrate microRNAs (miRs) are important regulators in the tumorigenicity and TME development. Notably, mounting evidences indicate miR-29a play a crucial role in exerting hepatoprotective effect on various types of stress and involved in the progression of HCC, which elucidates their potential theragnostic implications. In this review, we reviewed the advanced insights into the detail mechanisms by which miR-29a dictates carcinogenesis, epigenetic program, and metabolic adaptation, and implicated in the sponging activity of competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNA) and the TME components in the scenario of HCC. Furthermore, we highlighted its clinical significance in diagnosis and prognosis, as well as the emerging therapeutics centered on the activation of miR-29a.

scholarly journals Biomechanical Properties of Cancer Cells

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 887
Author(s):  
Gaël Runel ◽  
Noémie Lopez-Ramirez ◽  
Julien Chlasta ◽  
Ingrid Masse
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Supplementary Information ◽  
Cancer Cell Growth ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
Surrounding Extracellular Matrix

Since the crucial role of the microenvironment has been highlighted, many studies have been focused on the role of biomechanics in cancer cell growth and the invasion of the surrounding environment. Despite the search in recent years for molecular biomarkers to try to classify and stratify cancers, much effort needs to be made to take account of morphological and nanomechanical parameters that could provide supplementary information concerning tissue complexity adaptation during cancer development. The biomechanical properties of cancer cells and their surrounding extracellular matrix have actually been proposed as promising biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. The present review first describes the main methods used to study the mechanical properties of cancer cells. Then, we address the nanomechanical description of cultured cancer cells and the crucial role of the cytoskeleton for biomechanics linked with cell morphology. Finally, we depict how studying interaction of tumor cells with their surrounding microenvironment is crucial to integrating biomechanical properties in our understanding of tumor growth and local invasion.

Determinants of platelet count in pediatric patients with congenital cyanotic heart disease: Role of immature platelet fraction

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randa M. Matter ◽  
Iman A. Ragab ◽  
Alaa M. Roushdy ◽  
Ahmed G. Ahmed ◽  
Hanan H. Aly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Cyanotic Heart Disease ◽  
Immature Platelet Fraction ◽  
Congenital Cyanotic Heart Disease

scholarly journals Role of Platelet Indices as a Potential Marker for Malaria Severity

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Biruk Bayleyegn ◽  
Fikir Asrie ◽  
Aregawi Yalew ◽  
Berhanu Woldu
Keyword(s):  
Severe Malaria ◽  
Malaria Infection ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Platelet Indices ◽  
Potential Marker ◽  
Immature Platelet Fraction ◽  
Platelet Parameter ◽  
Malaria Severity

Purpose. Platelet parameter alteration such as platelet count and platelet indices are more common than in other blood cell lines due to diverse causative pathophysiological mechanisms in severe malaria infection. In malaria patients, no more studies evaluated platelet indices in relation to disease severity and prognosis. Therefore, this review assessed the current scientific knowledge on the potential role of platelet indices for the diagnostic marker of severe malaria infection. Results. Hence, after reviewing recent literatures, elevation of mean platelet volume and platelet distribution width in addition to decreased plateletcrit and platelet counts is the known potential risk factor associated with warning signs of severe malaria. Thus, thrombocytopenia < 150 × 10 9 / L , MPV ≥ 9.05   fL , and PDW ≥ 14.550 % as well as significantly higher P-LCR and decrease in PCT are shown significant sensitivity and specificity as they are used as diagnostic and prognostic values in severe malaria infection. Conclusion. Platelet indices are useful predictors of malaria severity. Immature platelet fraction (IPF%) is raised in the case of severe malaria, and it was significantly more useful than MPV. Advanced research will further investigate the platelet index abnormality associated with specific age and gender among specific malaria species.

scholarly journals The role of exosomal lncRNAs in cancer biology and clinical management

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wuwen Zhang ◽  
Qinshi Wang ◽  
Yi Yang ◽  
Siyuan Zhou ◽  
Ping Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Management ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Cancer Development ◽  
Cancer Cell Proliferation ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Multiple Processes

AbstractExosomes play a vital role in cell–cell communication within the cancer microenvironment. Exosomal long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are important regulators in cancer development and are involved in multiple processes, including cancer cell proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis, drug resistance, and immunomodulation. Changes in the levels of exosomal lncRNAs often appear with the occurrence and development of cancer. Therefore, exosomal lncRNAs can be used as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Exosomal lncRNAs can also indicate the treatment response of patients receiving chemotherapy. Moreover, exosomal lncRNAs are potential therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. In this review, we summarize the role of exosomal lncRNAs in cancer biology as well as in clinical management. A more comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the role of exosomal lncRNAs in cancer may help us better understand the mechanism of cancer development and clinically manage cancer patients.

scholarly journals Peptides Bearing Multiple Post-Translational Modifications as Antigenic Targets for Severe Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (24) ◽  
pp. 13290
Author(s):  
Cristina García-Moreno ◽  
María J. Gómara ◽  
Raúl Castellanos-Moreira ◽  
Raimon Sanmartí ◽  
Isabel Haro
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Joint Damage ◽  
Erosive Disease ◽  
Post Translational Modifications ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Modified Peptides ◽  
Chimeric Peptides

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by the presence of autoantibodies that are of paramount importance for the diagnosis and prognosis of the disease and have been implicated in its pathogenesis. Proteins resulting from post-translational modifications (PTMs) are capable of triggering autoimmune responses important for the development of RA. In this work, we investigate serum antibody reactivity in patients with an established RA against a panel of chimeric peptides derived from fibrin and filaggrin proteins and bearing from one to three PTMs (citrullination, carbamylation and acetylation) by home-designed ELISA tests (anti-AMPA autoantibodies). The role of anti-AMPAs as biomarkers linked to the presence of a more severe RA phenotype (erosive disease with radiological structural damage) and to the presence of interstitial lung disease (ILD), a severe extra-articular manifestation in RA patients entailing a high mortality, was also analyzed. In general, the association with the clinical phenotype of RA was confirmed with the different autoantibodies, and especially for IgA and IgM isotypes. The prevalence of severe joint damage was only statistically significant for the IgG isotype when working with the peptide bearing three PTMs. Furthermore, the median titers were significantly higher in patients with RA-ILD, a finding not observed for the IgG isotype when working with the single- and double-modified peptides.

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