scholarly journals FITOFARMAKA DAUN SAMBUNG NYAWA (Gynura procumbens) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN IMUNITAS IKAN KERAPU MACAN (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus Forsskal 1775) TERHADAP SERANGAN BAKTERI Vibrio alginolyticus

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Etika Oktaviani ◽  
Esti Harpeni ◽  
W Wardiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Alginolyticus ◽  
Epinephelus Fuscoguttatus

<p>BSTRAK<br />Fitofarmaka di Indonesia sudah tidak asing lagi dan banyak dimanfaatkan untuk pengobatan-pengobatan tradisional. Tanaman sambung nyawa merupakan salah satu tanaman yang sudah banyak dimanfaatkan untuk pengobatan manusia karena memiliki kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder yang berkhasiat obat. Kandungan-kandungan tersebut seperti flavonoid, tannin, dan saponin. Selain untuk pengobatan manusia, daun sambung nyawa juga berpotensi untuk digunakan sebagai obat ikan dalam rangka pencegahan penyakit. Vibriosis merupakan salah satu penyakit bakterial yang disebabkan oleh Vibrio alginolyticus dan rentan menyerang ikan kerapu macan. Penggunaan antibiotik sintetik telah banyak digunakan tetapi menimbulkan banyak dampak buruk, sehingga perlu alternatif baru untuk pencegahan vibriosis. Salah satunya yaitu dengan penggunaan ekstrak daun sambung nyawa, hal ini didukung karena potensinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh ekstrak daun sambung nyawa untuk meningkatkan ketahanan tubuh ikan kerapu macan sehingga dapat mencegah serangan bakteri Vibrio alginolyticus. Metode yang dilakukan meliputi ekstraksi bahan, uji fitofarmaka, uji in vitro, uji in vivo, uji hematologi, dan uji histopatologi. Dosis ekstrak daun sambung nyawa yang paling efektif untuk meningkatkan ketahanan tubuh ikan kerapu macan dan mencegah serangan Vibrio alginolyticus adalah dosis 700 ppm.</p><p>Kata kunci : daun sambung nyawa, pencegahan, vibriosi</p>

scholarly journals Efektifitas Ekstrak Jahe Merah (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum) Terhadap Infeksi Bakteri Vibrio Alginolyticus Pada Ikan Kerapu Macan (Epinephelus Fuscoguttatus Forsskål, 1775) Secara In Vitro

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
Yanti Muthalib ◽  
Asmi Citra Lestari ◽  
Alexander Rante Tondok ◽  
Admi Athirah
Keyword(s):  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Vibrio Alginolyticus ◽  
Epinephelus Fuscoguttatus

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak jahe merah dengan kosentrasi yang berbeda terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri patogen V. Alginolyticus pada ikan kerapu macan.  Isolasi bakteri V. alginolyticus dilakukan di laboratorium Mikrobiologi Laut.  Uji in- vitro ekstrak jahe merah dilakukan di Laboratorium Biofarmaka Universitas Hasanuddin.  Pengujian antibakteri menggunakan metode difusi agar. Hasil uji difusi ekstrak n-Heksana, etanol dan metanol menunjukan bahwa ekstrak metanol memiliki nilai tertinggi 15,19 mm.  Pada pengujian konsentrasi hambat minimum (KHM) ekstrak metanol  terhadap bakteri patogen V.alginolyticus BBAP diperoleh KHM pada konsentrasi 250 ppm.  Karena pada konsentrasi dibawah 250 ekstrak metanol jahe merah sudah tidak memilik zona hambat sama sekali.

scholarly journals UTILIZATION OF SAMBUNG NYAWA LEAF EXTRACTS Gynura procumbens (Lour) Merr. FOR TREATMENT OF Vibrio alginolyticus IN TIGER GROUPER (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus Forsskal, 1775)

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
Novi Santika ◽  
Wardiyanto Wardiyanto ◽  
Esti Harpeni
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Vibrio Alginolyticus ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Tiger Grouper

Tiger Grouper is one of the sea water fish commodities that is quite popular with the community and has a high economic value. The problem faced by farmers is the attack of Vibriosis, one of which is caused by the Vibrio alginolyticus bacteria. The use of synthetic antibiotics has been widely used but has many adverse effects, so it needs new alternatives for the treatment of Vibriosis disease. One of them is by using the extract of lifelong leaf extract. Life-sustaining plants (Gynura procumbens) contain secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, tannins, and antibacterial saponins. This study aims to determine the best dosage of lifelong leaf extract for the treatment of Vibriosis disease in tiger grouper. The study was conducted in two stages, namely in vitro and in vivo. Before the fish were treated with feed that had been given a sambung deca leaf extract, the fish were challenged using Vibrio alginolyticus with a density of 108 CFU / mL as much as 0.1 mL / head and then fed with treatment and maintained for 21 days. The results of the in vitro study showed that the life of sambung leaf extract at a dose of 700 ppm had a broad inhibitory effect on V. alginolyticus, which amounted to 10.47 mm compared to other treatments. Whereas when continued for in vivo testing, a dose of 350 ppm in general has been applied for the treatment of attacks of Vibrio alginolyticus in tiger grouper.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antagonism Activity and Control of Vibrio alginolyticus in Artemia Culture Using Mixed Probiotic

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei Yun Beryl Chean ◽  
Puvaneswari Puvanasundram ◽  
Jasmin Yaminudin ◽  
Murni Karim
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Alginolyticus ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Immersion Method ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Single Strain ◽  
Artemia Nauplii ◽  
And Control

Supplementation with mixed probiotic in aquaculture has been proven to benefit the hosts as disease resistance tool. In this study, a mixed probiotic which consisted of three isolated strains (Lysinibacillus fusiformis strain SPS11, A2, and Bacillus megaterium strain I24) was formulated for the in vitro assays against Vibrio alginolyticus and in vivo preliminary study towards Artemia nauplii. These strains showed antagonism activities against V. alginolyticus in in vitro assay. An increase in biofilm formation of this mixed probiotic was observed which indicated that the strains could work synergistically with each other to confer benefits to the hosts. Enrichment of Artemia nauplii with the formulated mixed probiotic was done to investigate its role in enhancing resistance against the V. alginolyticus. Artemia nauplii were cultured in two different concentrations of mixed probiotic (106 and 108 CFU mL-1) and challenged via immersion method. The mixed probiotic at both concentrations resulted in significantly higher survival of Artemia compared to the challenged group with no probiont added (106 CFU mL-1, 65.00 ± 0.00 % and 108 CFU mL-1, 77.50 ± 3.53 %). Significant reduction of Vibrio loads was observed in Artemia and its culture water supplemented with mixed probiotic at 108 CFU mL-1 whereas there was no reduction of Vibrio at 106 CFU mL-1. This study suggests that the usage of formulated mixed probiotic at high concentration (108 CFU mL-1) as opposed to single-strain probiotic can confer protection against V. alginolyticus infection towards Artemia.

scholarly journals Interaction of the C-Terminal Tail of FliF with FliG from the Na+-Driven Flagellar Motor of Vibrio alginolyticus

2014 ◽  
Vol 197 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryo Ogawa ◽  
Rei Abe-Yoshizumi ◽  
Takaaki Kishi ◽  
Michio Homma ◽  
Seiji Kojima
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Alginolyticus ◽  
Correlation Spectroscopy ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Soluble Form ◽  
Tryptophan Residue ◽  
Flagellar Motor ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Exclusion Chromatography

Rotation of the polar flagellum ofVibrio alginolyticusis driven by a Na+-type flagellar motor. FliG, one of the essential rotor proteins located at the upper rim of the C ring, binds to the membrane-embedded MS ring. The MS ring is composed of a single membrane protein, FliF, and serves as a foundation for flagellar assembly. Unexpectedly, about half of theVibrioFliF protein produced at high levels inEscherichia coliwas found in the soluble fraction. Soluble FliF purifies as an oligomer of ∼700 kDa, as judged by analytical size exclusion chromatography. By using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, an interaction between a soluble FliF multimer and FliG was detected. This binding was weakened by a series of deletions at the C-terminal end of FliF and was nearly eliminated by a 24-residue deletion or a point mutation at a highly conserved tryptophan residue (W575). Mutations in FliF that caused a defect in FliF-FliG binding abolish flagellation and therefore confer a nonmotile phenotype. As data fromin vitrobinding assays using the soluble FliF multimer correlate with data fromin vivofunctional analyses, we conclude that the C-terminal region of the soluble form of FliF retains the ability to bind FliG. Our study confirms that the C-terminal tail of FliF provides the binding site for FliG and is thus required for flagellation inVibrio, as reported for other species. This is the first report of detection of the FliF-FliG interaction in the Na+-driven flagellar motor, bothin vivoandin vitro.

Induction and Differentiation of Dental Epithelium in Vivo and in Vitro

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 142-145
Author(s):  
E. J. Kollar
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Basal Lamina ◽  
Functional Derivatives ◽  
Specific Source ◽  
Dental Epithelium ◽  
Connective Tissue Stroma

The differentiation and maintenance of many specialized epithelial structures are dependent on the underlying connective tissue stroma and on an intact basal lamina. These requirements are especially stringent in the development and maintenance of the skin and oral mucosa. The keratinization patterns of thin or thick cornified layers as well as the appearance of specialized functional derivatives such as hair and teeth can be correlated with the specific source of stroma which supports these differentiated expressions.

Ultrastructural Correlations between Clonal Human Tumor Colonies and in Vivo Neoplasms

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 210-211
Author(s):  
M.J. Murphy ◽  
R.R. Price ◽  
J.C. Sloman
Keyword(s):  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Human Tumor ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Tumor Mass ◽  
Initial Cell ◽  
Cloning Assay ◽  
Human Tumor Cloning ◽  
The Relationship

The in vitro human tumor cloning assay originally described by Salmon and Hamburger has been applied recently to the investigation of differential anti-tumor drug sensitivities over a broad range of human neoplasms. A major problem in the acceptance of this technique has been the question of the relationship between the cultured cells and the original patient tumor, i.e., whether the colonies that develop derive from the neoplasm or from some other cell type within the initial cell population. A study of the ultrastructural morphology of the cultured cells vs. patient tumor has therefore been undertaken to resolve this question. Direct correlation was assured by division of a common tumor mass at surgical resection, one biopsy being fixed for TEM studies, the second being rapidly transported to the laboratory for culture.

Ultrastructure of melanocyte-keratinocyte interactions and pigment transfer in vitro

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 650-651
Author(s):  
Raul I. Garcia ◽  
Evelyn A. Flynn ◽  
George Szabo
Keyword(s):  
Direct Injection ◽  
Skin Pigmentation ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Pigment Granule ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Ultrastructural Level ◽  
Lanthanum Tracer ◽  
A Cell

Skin pigmentation in mammals involves the interaction of epidermal melanocytes and keratinocytes in the structural and functional unit known as the Epidermal Melanin Unit. Melanocytes(M) synthesize melanin within specialized membrane-bound organelles, the melanosome or pigment granule. These are subsequently transferred by way of M dendrites to keratinocytes(K) by a mechanism still to be clearly defined. Three different, though not necessarily mutually exclusive, mechanisms of melanosome transfer have been proposed: cytophagocytosis by K of M dendrite tips containing melanosomes, direct injection of melanosomes into the K cytoplasm through a cell-to-cell pore or communicating channel formed by localized fusion of M and K cell membranes, release of melanosomes into the extracellular space(ECS) by exocytosis followed by K uptake using conventional phagocytosis. Variability in methods of transfer has been noted both in vivo and in vitro and there is evidence in support of each transfer mechanism. We Have previously studied M-K interactions in vitro using time-lapse cinemicrography and in vivo at the ultrastructural level using lanthanum tracer and freeze-fracture.

In vitro and in vivo polysaccharides assembly: ultrastructural and cytochemical study of growing plant cell wall components.

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 434-435
Author(s):  
D. Reis ◽  
B. Vian ◽  
J. C. Roland
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cytochemical Study ◽  
Wall Components

Wall morphogenesis in higher plants is a problem still open to controversy. Until now the possibility of a transmembrane control and the involvement of microtubules were mostly envisaged. Self-assembly processes have been observed in the case of walls of Chlamydomonas and bacteria. Spontaneous gelling interactions between xanthan and galactomannan from Ceratonia have been analyzed very recently. The present work provides indications that some processes of spontaneous aggregation could occur in higher plants during the formation and expansion of cell wall.Observations were performed on hypocotyl of mung bean (Phaseolus aureus) for which growth characteristics and wall composition have been previously defined.In situ, the walls of actively growing cells (primary walls) show an ordered three-dimensional organization (fig. 1). The wall is typically polylamellate with multifibrillar layers alternately transverse and longitudinal. Between these layers intermediate strata exist in which the orientation of microfibrils progressively rotates. Thus a progressive change in the morphogenetic activity occurs.

Probing the ultrastructure of the mitotic and meiotic spindle in eggs: An expeditious approach based on semi-thin (0.25 μm) serial sections

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 552-555
Author(s):  
Conly L. Rieder ◽  
S. Bowser ◽  
R. Nowogrodzki ◽  
K. Ross ◽  
G. Sluder
Keyword(s):  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Meiotic Spindle ◽  
Serial Sections ◽  
Mitotic Apparatus ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Cell Cycles ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies

Eggs have long been a favorite material for studying the mechanism of karyokinesis in-vivo and in-vitro. They can be obtained in great numbers and, when fertilized, divide synchronously over many cell cycles. However, they are not considered to be a practical system for ultrastructural studies on the mitotic apparatus (MA) for several reasons, the most obvious of which is that sectioning them is a formidable task: over 1000 ultra-thin sections need to be cut from a single 80-100 μm diameter egg and of these sections only a small percentage will contain the area or structure of interest. Thus it is difficult and time consuming to obtain reliable ultrastructural data concerning the MA of eggs; and when it is obtained it is necessarily based on a small sample size.We have recently developed a procedure which will facilitate many studies concerned with the ultrastructure of the MA in eggs. It is based on the availability of biological HVEM's and on the observation that 0.25 μm thick serial sections can be screened at high resolution for content (after mounting on slot grids and staining with uranyl and lead) by phase contrast light microscopy (LM; Figs 1-2).

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