Influence of Sand Casting Waste as Substitutor of Quartz Sand in Mortar

Sand casting waste has the potential to replace quartz sand in mortar manufacture because it contains high silica. This study uses sand casting waste from the steel industry in Gresik, Indonesia to observe how it affects the quality of the mortar. Initial characterization were carried out to determine the properties of the material, including; magnetic test which results are not attracted by magnets, moisture content test with a value of 0.328%, XRD test to determine the crystallinity content which results contain 99.52% Silica Quartz, and XRF test to determine the content of the compound in which results are 81.25% Silica dominant. Then observations were made by making mortar with the replacement of quartz sand by sand casting with variations of 0% wt, 25% wt, 50% wt, and 100% wt and then tested its compressive strength at 3 days, 7 days, and 28 days. Based on the research that has been done, the optimum result using sand casting is at 25% wt with a compressive strength of 251.15 kgf/cm2 at 28 days of age which is higher than the standard.

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Analysis of the Quality of Mixed Coconut Shell Waste Briquettes with Various Biomass Additives as Alternative Fuels

Journal of Earth Energy Science, Engineering, and Technology ◽

10.25105/jeeset.v4i2.9118 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Yusraida Khairani Dalimunthe ◽

Sugiatmo Kasmungin ◽

Listiana Satiawati ◽

Thariq Madani ◽

Teuku Ananda Rizky

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Calorific Value ◽

Volatile Matter ◽

Matter Content ◽

Ash Content ◽

Coconut Shell ◽

Bamboo Charcoal ◽

A Value ◽

Shell Waste

The purpose of this study was to see the best quality of briquettes from the main ingredient of coconut shell waste with various biomass additives to see the calorific value, moisture content, ash content, and volatile matter content of the biomass mixture. Furthermore, further research will be carried out specifically to see the quality of briquettes from a mixture of coconut shell waste and sawdust. The method used in this research is to conduct a literature study of various literature related to briquettes from coconut shell waste mixed with various additives specifically and then look at the best quality briquettes produced from these various pieces of literature. As for what is determined as the control variable of this study is coconut shell waste and as an independent variable, namely coffee skin waste, rice husks, water hyacinth, Bintaro fruit, segon wood sawdust, coconut husk, durian skin, bamboo charcoal, areca nut skin, and leather waste. sago with a certain composition. Furthermore, this paper also describes the stages of making briquettes from coconut shell waste and sawdust for further testing of the calorific value, moisture content, ash content, volatile matter content on a laboratory scale for further research. From various literatures, it was found that the highest calorific value was obtained from a mixture of coconut shell waste and bamboo charcoal with a value of 7110.7288 cal / gr and the lowest calorific value was obtained from a mixture of coconut shell waste and sago shell waste with a value of 114 cal / gr, then for the value The highest water content was obtained from a mixture of coconut shell waste and rice husk with a value of 37.70% and the lowest water content value was obtained from a mixture of coconut shell waste 3.80%, then for the highest ash content value was obtained from a mixture of coconut shell waste and coffee skin with a value of 20.862% and for the lowest ash content value obtained from a mixture of coconut shell and Bintaro fruit waste, namely 2%, and for the highest volatile matter content value obtained from a mixture of coconut shell and coconut husk waste with a value of 33.45% and for the value of volatile matter levels The lowest was obtained from a mixture of coconut shell waste and sago skin waste with a value of 33 , 45%.

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The Experimental Study Of Wekondo Materialsplite And Sand Of Poni-Poniki District Tirawuta East Kolaka Regency As Material Of Concrete Making

IJTI (International Journal Of Transportation And Infrastructure) ◽

10.29138/ijti.v1i1.470 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 34-39

Author(s):

Mansyur Mansyur

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Moisture Content ◽

Solid Content ◽

Pass Filter ◽

Material Characteristics ◽

Compressive Strength Test ◽

Loose Fill ◽

Sand Material ◽

Filter Analysis

Split Material derived from Wekondo and Sand found in Poni-Poniki is an abundant material that has the potential to be used as a material for making concrete. The purpose of this research is to find out whether Wekondo split material and Poni-poniki sand can be used in making concrete both in terms of material characteristics and the quality of concrete achieved. This research is experimental by testing material characteristics as well as the making of 150 mm sized concrete cube test object on applicable SNI. The result of the test of the characteristic of Split material such as filter analysis at # 3/8 exceeds the specification of 6.25%, aggregate wear19,639%, pass filter sieve # 200 is 0.772%, specific gravity (SSD) 2,913 gr / cm3, 1.363%, 0.628% moisture content of 1.7kg / ltr solid content and 1.469kg / ltr of loose fill weight. While the examination of a sand material of Poni-poniki analyzed sieve all meet the standard specification, pass filter sieve # 200 is 1,680%, density of 2.661 gr / cm3, aggregate 1.647%, moisture content 0.580%, / ltr the loose weight of 1.531kg / ltr. While in concrete compressive strength test, the age of 7 days is 203,68 kg / cm2, and age 28 day is 257,55 kg / cm2. From the results of the study showed that the compressive strength at the age of 28 days can achieve K-250 quality.

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Optimalisasi Kuat Tekan dan Kuat Lentur Beton Menggunakan Campuran Lateks

Jurnal Manajemen Teknologi & Teknik Sipil ◽

10.30737/jurmateks.v4i2.2064 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 159

Author(s):

Ary Prastowo ◽

Ahmad Ridwan ◽

Edy Gardjito ◽

Zendy Bima Mahardana

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Flexural Strength ◽

Construction Material ◽

Building Construction ◽

Adhesive Properties ◽

Concrete Mixtures ◽

A Value ◽

Concrete Production ◽

Concrete Quality

Concrete is a building construction material that has an important role. Concrete itself tends to have strong properties in resisting compressive forces, but weak in resisting tensile or flexural forces. The use of additives in concrete is an option to improve the basic properties of concrete. Latex or rubber latex is one of the natural materials that can be used in concrete mixtures. Its adhesive properties can be utilized in improving the quality of concrete. This study aims to determine the compressive strength and flexural strength of concrete with the addition of latex. The research was conducted experimentally by making concrete specimens in the laboratory. The addition of latex by 10% and 30% with a planned concrete quality of fc' 29.5 MPa. The test object used is a cylinder measuring 15x30 cm and a beam measuring 15x15x30 cm. The tests carried out were testing the compressive strength and flexural strength at the age of 28 days. The results showed that the highest compressive strength was at the addition of 10% latex with a value of 9.96 MPa. While the highest flexural strength value obtained was 3.20 Mpa at the addition of 10% Latex or. From these results it can be seen that the addition of latex has not been able to improve the quality of concrete and has not been able to increase the compressive strength or flexural strength of concrete. So that these results can be used as research development or concrete production.

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Moisture Content Impact on Properties of Briquette Produced from Rice Husk Waste

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13063069 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 3069 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Anwar Ameen Hezam Saeed ◽

Noorfidza Yub Harun ◽

Muhammad Roil Bilad ◽

Muhammad T. Afzal ◽

Ashak Mahmud Parvez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Moisture Content ◽

Surface Morphology ◽

Rice Husk ◽

Alternative Energy ◽

Agricultural Waste ◽

Calorific Value ◽

Proximate Analysis ◽

Physical Density

An agricultural waste-based source of energy in the form of briquettes from rice husk has emerged as an alternative energy source. However, rice husk-based briquette has a low bulk density and moisture content, resulting in low durability. This study investigated the effect of initial moisture contents of 12%, 14%, and 16% of rice husk-based briquettes blended with 10 wt% of kraft lignin on their chemical and physical characteristics. The briquetting was done using a hand push manual die compressor. The briquette properties were evaluated by performing chemical (ultimate and proximate analysis, thermogravimetric analysis), physical (density, durability, compressive strength, and surface morphology) analyses. The durability values of all briquette samples were above 95%, meeting the standard with good compressive strength, surface morphology, and acceptable density range. The briquette made from the blend with 14% moisture content showed the highest calorific value of 17.688 MJ kg−1, thanks to its desirable morphology and good porosity range, which facilitates the transport of air for combustion. Overall, this study proved the approach of enhancing the quality of briquettes from rice husk by controlling the moisture content.

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Variations of moisture content in manufacturing CLT-concrete composite slab using wet construction method

BioResources ◽

10.15376/biores.16.1.372-386 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 372-386

Author(s):

Yo-Jin Song ◽

Seong-Yeob Baek ◽

In-Hwan Lee ◽

Soon-Il Hong

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Moisture Content ◽

Production Process ◽

Construction Method ◽

Curing Time ◽

Cross Laminated Timber ◽

High Rise ◽

Bonding Method ◽

Concrete Component

Construction of eco-friendly high-rise buildings using cross-laminated timber (CLT)-concrete composite (CCC) slabs is increasing. CLT and concrete, which are major component materials of the CCC slab, are significantly affected by moisture. In particular, the moisture content of concrete in the production process affects the quality of both materials. In this study, the effects of the wet construction method on CLT and concrete component materials are examined by monitoring the behavior of the CCC slab during curing time (28 d) and by evaluating the quality of the concrete and CLT after curing. When manufacturing the CCC using the wet construction method, moisture penetration from the concrete into the CLT during the curing time is suppressed by the shear bonding between the concrete and the CLT when an adhesive is used. This minimizes the effect of the moisture on both component materials, consequently yielding uniform compressive strength to the concrete after curing and preventing the deterioration of the CLT’s delamination performance. Therefore, the shear bonding method using an adhesive is expected to minimize the quality deterioration observed in concrete and CLT after curing.

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Uji Proximate Tepung Jagung dari Limbah Tongkol Jagung Pulut secara Fermentasi

Journal of Sustainable Research In Management of Agroindustry (SURIMI) ◽

10.35970/surimi.v1i1.528 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

Mirnawati Mirnawati ◽

Rizka Octavia

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Agricultural Waste ◽

Gravimetric Method ◽

Corn Flour ◽

South Sulawesi ◽

A Value ◽

Waste Production ◽

Waxy Corn

Waxy corn is widely developed in several areas in South Sulawesi. From year to year the productivity of pulut corn has increased, this also shows that agricultural waste production has also increased. The agricultural waste produced by corn is cobs. The purpose of this study was to determine the processing of pulut corn cobs into corn flour and to determine the characterization of the quality of corn flour, especially the proximate test based on SNI standards. The research method is the gravimetric method, the results of the corn flour test show that the proximate content (moisture content, ash content, and protein content) with successive values of 0.07%, 17.49%, 1.9 x 106 has met the standard standards. Indonesian National (SNI) (SNI 01-3751-2009), except for moisture content with a value of 14.32% which indicates that corn flour has a short shelf life. Waxy corn is widely developed in several areas in South Sulawesi. Pulut corn contains 100% amylopectin which provides a sweet, fluffier taste and good texture.

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Evaluation of the Properties of Humus Liquid of Earthworm Eisenia Foetida Obtained from Different Rachis

International Journal of Science and Engineering Invention ◽

10.23958/ijsei/vol03-i02/01 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (02) ◽

Author(s):

Ramiro Remigio Gaibor FernÃ¡ndez ◽

Abraham Adalberto Bayas Zamora ◽

Galo Israel MuÃ±oz SÃ¡nchez ◽

Cristhian AdriÃ¡n Rivas Santacruz

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Fulvic Acids ◽

Cattle Manure ◽

Eisenia Foetida ◽

Humic And Fulvic Acids ◽

Livestock Manure ◽

A Value ◽

The One ◽

Liquid Slurry

The objective of the present investigation was to evaluate the physical characteristics of the vermicompost and the quality of the purine of the red Californian (Eisenia foetida) using different substrates of feed for these worms. For this purpose, nine treatments were studied: 75% African palm rachis + 25% cattle manure, 50% African palm rachis + 50% cattle manure, 25% African palm rachis + 75% livestock manure, 50% manure of cattle, 50% of manure of cattle, 25% of manure of cattle, 50% of manure of cattle, 50% of manure of cattle, 50% of rach of coconut + 50% of manure of Livestock, 25% coccus rachis + 75% livestock manure. The substrate made up of 50% of rachis of coconut and 50% of livestock manure can be used in nurseries or nurseries for being the one that registered a value of pH 7.3 plus the closest to the neutral compared to the others, besides this (75% of oil palm rachis and 25% of cattle manure) showed a higher content of humic and fulvic acids (0.87 and 0.45 p / p, respectively), compounds that are important for agriculture by stimulating plant growth, in addition to this reflection 0.06% sulfur content, 4.0 ppm boron, 7.0 ppm copper, 47.5 ppm iron, 6.0 ppm manganese, with a presence of microorganisms of the species Trichoderma, Penicillium, Cladosporium sp. in amounts of 1.91x105 UFC / ml, however in this substrate was obtained between 13.3 and 43.5% less liquid slurry in Comparison with other treatments.

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DAYA SAING EKSPOR PRODUK CPO INDONESIA DAN POTENSI HILIRISASI DIOLAH MENJADI BIODIESEL

JURNAL PERSPEKTIF BEA DAN CUKAI ◽

10.31092/jpbc.v4i2.952 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Danar Agus Susanto

Keyword(s):

Palm Oil ◽

Comparative Advantage ◽

Global Market ◽

National Standard ◽

Revealed Comparative Advantage ◽

Crude Palm Oil ◽

A Value ◽

World Demand ◽

Domestic Use

ABSTRACTIndonesia is the world's largest producer of crude palm oil (CPO). Even so, the trend of international trade in Indonesian CPO products has decreased in the last 10 years with a value of -10.19%. The decline in world demand for CPO can be dealt with by utilizing CPO as a biofuel for domestic use, like biodiesel. The purpose of this study is to determine the competitiveness of Indonesian CPO in global trade and determine the parameters of the quality requirements of CPO and biodiesel. The competitiveness analysis method uses the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) method, while the analysis of the potential quality of CPO as a biofuel is carried out by analyzing the Indonesian National Standard (SNI). CPO trade in the global market is controlled by Indonesia with a market share of 50% and Malaysia 25.6%, with the declining trade trend in the last 10 years relatively (2010-2019) of -6.91%. The level of competitiveness of Indonesian CPO products in 2019 is very strong, but on average in the last 10 years, the level of competitiveness of Indonesian CPO is no better than that of Malaysia. Indonesia has SNI 01-2901-2006 and SNI 7182: 2015 as a determinant of the quality of CPO and biodiesel products developed in Indonesia so that the CPO and biodiesel produced fullfil sacurity and safety aspects when used by consumers.Keywords: crude palm oil (CPO), competitivenessv, quality, Indonesian National Standard (SNI) ABSTRAKIndonesia merupakan negara produsen minyak kelapa sawit mentah/ Crude Palm Oil (CPO) terbesar di dunia. Meskipun demikian, tren perdagangan internasional produk CPO Indonesia mengalami penurunan dalam sepuluh tahun terakhir dengan nilai -10,19%. Penurunan permintaan dunia terhadap CPO, dapat disiasati dengan memanfaatkan CPO sebagai bahan bakar nabati untuk keperluan dalam negeri sebagai biodiesel. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui daya saing CPO Indonesia dalam perdagangan global dan mengetahui parameter persyaratan mutu CPO dan biodiesel. Metode analisis daya saing menggunakan metode Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), sedangkan analisis potensi kualitas CPO sebagai biofuel dilakukan dengan menganalisis Standar Nasional Indoensia (SNI). Perdagangan CPO dalam pasar global dikuasai oleh Indonesia dengan pangsa pasar 50% dan Malaysia 25,6%, dengan tren perdagangan relatif menurun dalam 10 tahun terakhir (2010-2019) sebesar -6,91%. Tingkat daya saing produk CPO Indonesia pada tahun 2019 sangat kuat, namun secara rata-rata dalam 10 tahun terakhir, tingkat daya saing CPO Indonesia tidak lebih baik dari Malaysia. Indonesia memiliki SNI 01-2901-2006 dan SNI 7182:2015 sebagai penentu kualitas produk CPO dan biodiesel yang dikembangkan di Indonesia, sehingga CPO dan biodiesel yang dihasilkan memenuhi aspek keamanan dan keselamatan ketika digunakan oleh konsumen.Kata kunci: crude palm oil (CPO), daya saing, kualitas, Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI)

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ANALYSIS OF SOUND SPEED IN LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION AT REFERENCE MOISTURE CONTENT (w = 12 %) IN SAWMILL ASSORTMENTS (FAGUS SYLVATICA, L.)

Akustika ◽

10.36336/akustika20203745 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 45-50

Author(s):

Alena Rohanová

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Modulus Of Elasticity ◽

Dynamic Modulus ◽

Sound Speed ◽

Longitudinal Direction ◽

Structural Timber ◽

Sound Speeds ◽

Dynamic Modulus Of Elasticity ◽

Round Timber

This paper explores the analysis of sound speeds in the longitudinal direction and their reduction to the reference moisture content w = 12 %. The sound speed cw was determined with Sylvatest Duo device. Moisture content of beech sawmill assortments (round timber: N = 16, logs: N = 2 × 16, structural boards: N = 54) in the range of 12 – 72 % was measured. For the analysis purposes, the sound speed was converted to reference conditions (c12, uref = 12%). A second-degree polynomial (parabola) with a regression equation of the form: c// = 5649 - 27,371 × w + 0.0735 × w2 was used to convert cw to c12, and correction of measured and calculated values was used as well. The sound speeds c12 in sawmill assortments (c12,round, c12,log, c12,board) were evaluated by linear dependences. Dependence was not confirmed for c12,round and c12,board1 (r = 0.168), in contrast for c12,round and c12,log2 the dependence is statistically very significant (r = 0.634). The results of testing showed that the most suitable procedure for predicting quality of structural timber is the first step round timber – log2, the second step: log2 - board2. More exact results of the construction boards were obtained from log2 than from log1. The sound speed is used in the calculation of dynamic modulus of elasticity (Edyn). EN 408 mentions the possibility of using dynamic modulus of elasticity as an alternative method in predicting the quality of structural timber.

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